AUSTRALIA ORIGINAL COMPLETE SPECIFICATION INNOVATION PATENT Invention Title: Carabiner Name of Applicant: David L Abels Actual Inventor: David L Abels Address for service: WRAYS Ground Floor, 56 Ord Street West Perth WA 6005 Attorney code: WR The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me: 1 CARABINER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention: 5 This invention relates to a carabiner, and more particularly, to a carabiner in the form of a C shaped structure having an articulated gate member which may be opened and closed to form a secure, hook-like hanger or carrier for a plurality of articles. Description of the Prior Art: 10 Carabiners have long been used in climbing, for example, to hang and hold ropes used in the climbing process, as shown for example in U.S. Patents 4,095,316; 4,811,467; 5,005, 266; 5,329, 675; and 6,606,769; and 6,622,354. Recently, the function of a carabiner has been expanded to hang articles from a clothing belt, 15 such as keychains, restrain dogs on a leash, or even hang packages, diaper bags, camera bags, or shopping bags from a mobile vehicle such as a baby stroller, shopping cart, or the like, having a cylindrical handle. However, the carabiner has the tendency to slip from side to side on the handle, under the weight of the article being hung from the carabiner and/or because of the motion imparted to the held article. While U.S. Patent 6,606,769 shows a webbing sewn 20 around the bottom straight portion of a carabiner to preclude slippage of an article, such as a dog leash strap attached to it, it does not teach the use of an anti-slip device on a carabiner attached to a cylindrical or tubular handle on which the carabiner is mounted or attached. Such a device would preclude shifting of the load held on the carabiner and damaging the load and possibly hitting a child in the stroller or shopping cart or the person using the mobile 25 vehicle. 2 MARKED UP COPY The preceding discussion of the background to the invention is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. It should be appreciated that the discussion is not an 30 acknowledgment or admission that any of the material referred to was part of the common general knowledge as at the priority date of the application. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to overcome, or at least ameliorate, one or more of the 35 deficiencies of the prior art mentioend above, or to provide the consumer with a useful or commercial choice. Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein, by way 40 of illustration and example, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. Preferably this is accomplished by forming the carabiner with an apex on the upper end of the C-shaped, gated carabiner, forming a discrete load bearing surface for hanging the carabiner from a rounded handle on the carrier and covering the apex with a non-slip rubber sleeve. 45 The sleeve fits over the apex of the carabiner, which then hangs on the carrier handle and with the hung load, frictionally prevents side to side movement of the carabiner along the handle. In one specific embodiment, the sleeve extends substantially to the pivot of the hinge of the carabiner, to ensure its extended frictional engagement with the support member on which the carabiner is reposed. 50 Alternatively, the sleeve can extend from the apex adjacent the gated member to cover the other leg of the C-shaped carabiner to prevent non-slippage of the items hung on the carabiner. 3 MARKED UP COPY 55 In another embodiment, the rubber sleeve can also be provided with finger grips, so the carabiner may function as a carrying handle or used in the conventional manner to hang articles, but with a finger grip at the apex to prevent slippage as the finger grip "cups" the handle. 60 Of course, it may be possible to use the carabiner on handled carriers whose handles are non rounded or provided with irregular shapes, such as pegs mounted on a wall and the non-slip material may be a suitable plastic. Even a knurled surface formed on the underlying metal of the carabiner is within the scope of the invention. 65 The present invention further provides a carabiner comprising: a substantially C-shaped member having an opening between the opposed ends of said C-shaped member defining a gate opening across the opening; a gate member pivotally attached at one end thereof to one end portion of said C shaped member to open and close said opening for access to the interior of said C 70 shaped member, whereby one or more articles may be hung from an interior surface of said C-shaped member; said C-shaped member having a rounded, shortened apex portion adjacent one end thereof for mounting said C-shaped member on a supporting surface; and a friction producing surface on at least said apex portion of said C-shaped member for 75 precluding side-to-side movement of said C-shaped member on said supporting surface. The present invention further provides a carabiner comprising: 4 a substantially C-shaped member having an opening between the opposed ends of 30 said C-shaped member defining a gate opening across the opening; a gate member pivotally attached at one end thereof to one end portion of said C shaped member to open and close said opening for access to the interior of said C shaped member, whereby one or more articles may be hung from an interior surface of said C-shaped member; 85 said C-shaped member having a rounded, shortened apex portion adjacent one end thereof for mounting said C-shaped member on a supporting surface; and a friction producing surface extending around the apex portion of the C-shaped member and substantially to the gate member, for precluding side-to-side movement of said C-shaped member on said supporting surface. 90 Preferably the friction producing surface comprises a sleeve disposed around the C-shaped member on at least said apex portion. Preferably, the carabiner also comprises a sleeve that includes the friction producing surface. 95 The present invention further provides a carabiner comprising: a substantially C-shaped member having an opening between the opposed ends of said C-shaped member defining a gate opening across the opening; a gate member pivotally attached at one end thereof to one end portion of said C 100 shaped member to open and close said opening for access to the interior of said C shaped member, whereby one or more articles may be hung from an interior surface of said C-shaped member; said C-shaped member having a rounded, shortened apex portion adjacent one end thereof for mounting said C-shaped member on a supporting surface; and a friction 105 producing surface extending around the apex portion of the C-shaped member and towards the gate mempeber, the friction producing surface extending sufficiently 5a towards the gate member so that the friction producing surface is able to reduce side to-side movement of said c-shaped member on said supporting surface. 110 The present invention further provides an attachment system comprising: a substantially C-shaped member having an opening between the opposed ends of said C-shaped member defining a gate opening across the opening; a gate member pivotally attached at one end thereof to one end portion of said C shaped member to open and close said opening for access to the interior of said C 115 shaped member, whereby one or more articles may be hung from an interior surface of said C-shaped member; said C-shaped member having a rounded, shortened apex portion adjacent one end thereof for mounting said C-shaped member on a supporting surface; and a positional retention element arranged at the apex portion of said C-shaped member 120 along the supporting surface and adapted to prevent side-to-side movement of the carabiner relative to the supporting surface. The present invention further provides a method enabling the use of a carabiner to hang items from a device with a rounded 125 handle having an associated supporting surface, wherein the carabiner has a load bearing, rounded apex portion, the method comprising providing a positional retention element between the apex portion and the supporting surface, wherein the positional retention 130 5b element is adapted to prevent side-to-side movement of the carabiner relative to the supporting surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 115 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the carabiner according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the carabiner of FIG. 1 taken substantially along the plane 120 indicated by line 2-2 of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the carabiner of FIG. 1 in open position; FIG. 4 is a front view in elevation of the gate member of the carabiner of FIG. 3; 125 FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the carabiner of FIG. 1 with the non-slip sleeve surrounding the apex and opposite leg of the carabiner; FIG. 6 is a side view in elevation of still another embodiment of the carabiner of the present 130 invention, which can be used as a carrying handle; FI0.7 is a perspective view of the carabiner of FIG. 1 in use on a rounded handle of a shopping cart or stroller; and 135 FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the carabiner of FIG. 6 illustrated as being used as a carrying handle. 6 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 140 Referring now to the drawings in detail, wherein like numerals indicate like elements throughout the several views, FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of the carabiner 10 of the present invention. 145 As shown, carabiner 10 is formed of an essentially C-shaped member 12, and includes a gate member 14, articulated about a pivot pin 16. C-shaped member 12 and gate member 14, when gate member 14 is in closed position as indicated in FIG. 1 are generally oval in configuration, except that the upper portion of C-shaped member 12 is formed with a rounded, shortened, apex portion 18 to serve as a load-bearing surface when the carabiner 10 150 is hung on a rounded handle 20, as indicated in FIG. 7. A rubber sleeve 22 extends about the C-shaped member 12 from a point adjacent to pivot pin 16 and encompassing at least the apex portion 18 of the member 12 as shown in FIG.1. The sleeve 22 when the carabiner 10 is hung from a rounded handle 20, generates sufficient 155 friction under load to preclude side-to-side movement of the carabiner 10 on the handle 20. If desired, the sleeve 22 can extend about the bottom portion 24 of the C-shaped member 12 to further preclude slippage of the items loaded onto this portion of the carabiner 10, as shown in FIG.5. 160 Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the carabiner 10 may be used as a carrying handle in its own right, by providing finger grips or indentations 26 in the sleeve 22. During manufacture, the sleeve 22, may be slid on the apex portion 18 by opening the 165 articulated gate member 14, by pivoting the member 14 inwardly about pivot pin 16 and sliding the sleeve 22 along the tubular or cylindrical gate member 14, until fully seated on the 7 C-shaped member 12. The upper and lower opposed ends 28, 30, respectively, of the C shaped member 12 are flattened to receive the tubular end 32 of gate member 14 and pivot pin 16 therethrough. A leaf spring 34 is received in tubular end 32 and in the end 28 of C-shaped .170 member 12 on a bias or angle between the ends 28,30 so that when the gate member is opened inwardly about the pivot pin 16, the leaf spring 34 will exert a force on the tubular gate to return it to a closed position where the opposite end 36 having a pin 38 therethrough of the tubular gate member 14 is received beneath a flattened hook 40 extending above end 30 of C shaped member 12 to latch the gate member 14 in closed position under the urging of leaf 175 spring 34, Modifications and variations such as would be apparent to the skilled addressee are considered to fall within the scope of the present invention. Throughout the specification, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to 180 imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers. 8