AU2006203767A1 - A machine to insert a rock bolt - Google Patents
A machine to insert a rock bolt Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2006203767A1 AU2006203767A1 AU2006203767A AU2006203767A AU2006203767A1 AU 2006203767 A1 AU2006203767 A1 AU 2006203767A1 AU 2006203767 A AU2006203767 A AU 2006203767A AU 2006203767 A AU2006203767 A AU 2006203767A AU 2006203767 A1 AU2006203767 A1 AU 2006203767A1
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- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- machine
- chuck
- rock
- rock layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
S&F Ref: 777897
AUSTRALIA
PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT Name and Address of Applicant Actual Inventor(s): Address for Service: Invention Title: Cutting Edge Technology Pty Ltd, an Australian Company, ACN 071 550 911, of QCAT Technology Centre, 1 Technology Court, Bainbridge Drive, Pullenvale, Queensland, 4069, Australia Peter Kenneth Seear Spruson Ferguson St Martins Tower Level 31 Market Street Sydney NSW 2000 (CCN 3710000177) A machine to insert a rock bolt Associated Provisional Application Details: [33] Country:
AU
[31] Appl'n No(s): 2005904798 [32] Application Date: 01 Sep 2005 The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us:- 5845c A MACHINE TO INSERT A ROCK BOLT Technical Field The present invention relates to machines to insert rock bolts and more particularly but not exclusively to machines that insert rock bolts in mines.
Background of the Invention Described in UK Patent 2169050 is a machine and a drillable rock bolt. The bolt is of non circular transverse cross sections so that when located in the hole drilled by the bolt there are two longitudinally extending passages. The bolt also has a longitudinal internal passage through which water is injected during drilling with the water exiting to down the exterior of the bolt. When the bolt has penetrated to the desired depth, a settable resin is injected along the exterior of the bolt with air being vented through the interior passage. The bolt is rotated to mix the polyester resin base and hardener. When the resin has hardened the bolt is fixed to the surrounding rock structure. Typically thereafter a plate would be passed over the end of the bolt and a nut applied to tension the Is bolt so that the plate is pressed against the rock surface. Insertion of the plate and tensioning by means of the nut is performed by a separate machine.
The above discussed rock bolt and machine associated therewith have a number of disadvantages including difficulty in manufacture of the rock bolt and the necessity to use a separate machine to tension the bolt. The use of this separate machine increases capital costs and increases the time to complete the process of inserting and tensioning the rock bolt.
An alternative method to installing rock bolts is as follows. First of all a drill bit is used to drill the hole in the rock layer. Thereafter a tube of resin and hardener is inserted in the drilled hole and a rock bolt inserted thereafter and rotated to firstly release the resin and hardener and then mix the resin and hardener. When the bolt is fixed to the rock layer a washer and nut are applied and the bolt tensioned. A disadvantage of this method is that frequently the space between the bolt and rock layer is not filled with hardener with the result that some bolts are not effectively fixed to the rock layer. A further disadvantage is that this method is reasonably time consuming and requires the use of several machines.
Object of the Invention It is the object of the present invention to overcome or substantially ameliorate at least one of the above disadvantages.
-1- IR:\ibt1t0408 I speidoc:ha Summary of the Invention There is disclosed herein a machine to insert a drillable rock bolt, the bolt being longitudinally hollow and having opposite first and second ends, the first end having a drill tip and the second end being provided to be engaged by the machine, said machine including: a chuck assembly to engage said second end to enable a torque and a compression axial force to be applied to the bolt so that in use the bolt will drill into a rock layer; to a liquid delivery duct to be in communication with said second end to deliver a liquid thereto; a port in communication with said liquid delivery duct to which a settable substance is delivered in liquid form under pressure so that said substance can be delivered to said second end for delivery to the interior of the bolt; and wherein is said chuck assembly is also adapted to apply tension to the bolt to provide for tensioning of the bolt when the bolt is fixed in the rock layer.
Preferably, said chuck assembly is adapted to apply a tension retaining member to said bolt to retain the bolt tensioned after insertion.
Preferably, said chuck assembly includes: a chuck member having a longitudinal axis and a longitudinal passage into which said second end is to project; a second chuck member, the second chuck member also having a longitudinal passage and co-operates therewith to provide an annular chamber to which hydraulic fluid under pressure is delivered to urge the first and second chuck members apart longitudinally to tension the bolt; a base also having a longitudinal passage and engage with a second chuck member to apply an axial force thereto and projecting internally of the first and second chuck members to engage a collet to apply the collet to said second end so that said base can apply a torque to the bolt to cause the bolt to drill.
Preferably, said machine includes a drive assembly to apply a torque to said base to cause rotation thereof to rotate the bolt to cause the bolt to drill.
Preferably, said base includes said liquid delivery duct.
-2- [R:\libtt]04081 speci.doc:hxa There is further disclosed herein a method of inserting a drillable rock bolt having a drilling tip and longitudinal passage extending through the bolt, said method including the steps of: applying an axial force to the bolt and rotating the bolt to cause the bolt to drill into a rock layer; causing water to flow longitudinally through the bolt to exit the bolt adjacent a leading portion thereof; stopping the water flow; delivering a settable substance in liquid form to the interior of the bolt and 1o causing the substance to flow longitudinally through the bolt and to exit the bolt adjacent a leading portion thereof so that the material then flows along the exterior of the bolt to fill voids between the bolt and the rock layer; allowing the substance to harden so that the bolt is attached to the rock layer; applying a tensioning force to the bolt; and applying to the bolt a tension retaining member that retains the bolt tensioned and applies a compression force to the rock layer.
Preferably, said tension retaining member includes a ring surrounding the bolt, with a wedge member located between the ring and bolt so as to be compressed therebetween so as to be retained in position with respect to the bolt.
Brief Description of the Drawings A preferred form of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein: Figure 1 is a schematic isometric view of a rock bolt machine; Figure 2 is a schematic side elevation of the machine of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a schematic top plan view of the machine of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a schematic sectioned side elevation of the machine of Figure 1 sectioned along the line 4-4 of Figure 3; and Figure 5 is a schematic sectioned side elevation of the machine of Figures 1 to 4 engaged with a rock bolt.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments In the accompanying drawings there is schematically depicted a rock bolt machine (rock bolter) 10. The machine 10 uses a self drilling rock bolt 11. The machine inserts the bolt 11 by applying an axial compression force thereto while rotating the -3- [R:\Iibtt]0408 I speci.doc:hxa bolt 11 so that the bolt 11 will drill into a rock layer. Once the bolt 11 is inserted, the machine 10 applies a settable liquid substance (such as a resin and hardener) around the bolt 11 which substance when set secures the bolt 11 to the surrounding rock layer. The machine 10 then tensions the bolt 11 and applies a tension retaining member to the exposed end of the bolt 11 so that the bolt 11 remains tensioned.
The bolt 11 includes a longitudinally extending hollow body 12 that has a longitudinal axis 13 and a longitudinally extending passage 14. The body 12 has a first end 15 to which there is fixed a drilling tip 16. A second end 17 is located internally of the machine 10. The drilling tip 16 has a longitudinal passage 18. Preferably, the body io 12 also has arcuate projections 19 that extend both angularly and longitudinally relative to the axis 14.
The drilling tip 16 has a diameter at least equal to but more preferably greater than the diameter of the body 12 (including projections 19).
When the bolt 11 is to be inserted in a rock layer, a washer (plate) 23 is placed Is around the body 12 and applied against a surface of the rock layer. The plate 23 has a generally planar portion 24 with a concave portion 25 located generally centrally and providing a central aperture 26 through which the body 12 passes. A resilient "O-ring" 27 is located in the cavity provided by the concave portion 25. Typically the ring 27 would be formed of plastics or rubber material so as to be resiliently deformable. The machine 10 includes a first chuck member 28 that abuts the washer 23. The chuck member 28 has a longitudinal passage 29 through which the body 12 passes. Operatively associated with the chuck member 28 is a second chuck member 30. The chuck member sealingly and slidably engages the first chuck member 28 and co-operates therewith to provide a sealingly closed generally annular chamber 31 to which hydraulic fluid under pressure can be delivered. The chamber 31 surrounds the passage 28 and therefore portion of the body 12.
Attached to the second chuck member 30 is a base 20. The base 20 has a longitudinal passage 21 aligned with the passage 29.
Extending inwardly of the passage 29 is a nozzle 32 having a liquid delivery duct 33, with the duct 33 communicating with two ports 34 to which a resin and a hardener are delivered under pressure for delivery to the passage 29 and therefore the passages 14 and 18 of the bolt 11.
Surrounding a portion of the base 20 is a collar 35 to which water is delivered through a port 36. The port 36 via an annular cavity 37 delivers water to the passage 21.
-4- [R:\Iibtt]0408 I speci.doc:hxa The collar 35 is sealingly connected to the base 20 so as to provide for rotation of the base with the collar 35 essentially stationary and connected to a hose via which water is delivered to the port 36. The cavity 37 communicates with the passage 21 by means of ducts 38.
The nozzle 32 is movable longitudinally along the axis 13 by an actuator (not illustrated) between a first position allowing water to exit the ducts 38, and a second position closing the ducts 38 so that water cannot enter. The ducts 38 are closed when the resin and hardener are delivered to the ports 34. Accordingly resin and hardener is not delivered to the ducts 38.
0to The duct 38 also extend through a sleeve 39 that is also longitudinally movable relative to the axis 13. The sleeve 39 has an end flange 40 that in co-operation with the base 20 provides an annular chamber 41 to which hydraulic fluid under pressure can be delivered. A spring 42 extends between the flange 40 and an end cap 43 of the base The spring 42 is compressed so as to urge the sleeve 39 to move toward the bolt 11.
The base 20 is provided with a first gear 44 and a second gear 45. The second gear 45 being of smaller diameter. The gears 44 and 45 are meshingly engaged with gears 46 and 47. The gears 46 and 47 are selectively driven by means of a "dog" clutch 48 driven by means of a motor 49. The clutch 48 is drivingly connected to a shaft with the clutch 48 moved longitudinally of the shaft 50 to selectively drive a respective one of the gears 46 or 47. When gear 46 is driven, gear 44 is driven and the base driven at a desired speed. That speed can be increased by moving the clutch 48 so that gear 47 is driven. That is, with gear 47 driven and in turn driving gear 45, the base 20 has a higher angular velocity.
The base 20 has a "frusto-conical" surface 52 that diverges toward the end Engaged with the surface 52 is a wedge 53 that has an external surface 51 configured so as to engage the surface 52. That is the outer surface of the wedge 53 is also "frustoconical" but diverges toward the end 52. The wedge 52 is longitudinally split.
Engaged with the bolt 11 through a wedge 56 is a compression ring 54 that has a frusto-conical inner surface 55 that engages the wedge 56. The wedge 56 has an outer surface that is also "frusto-conical" so as to engage the surface 55. The ring 54 abuts the washer 23 to maintain the washer compressed against the rock layer.
The machine 10 is fixed to a boom (or post) of a vehicle not illustrated. The boom supports the base 20 to enable rotation of the base 20 about the longitudinal axis 13.
[RAI ibtt]0408 I speci.doc:hxa The boom also supports the motor 49 and the shaft 50 and gears 46 and 47 mounted thereon. Accordingly the base 20 and motor 49 are fixed with respect to the boom.
When a bolt 11 is to be inserted in a rock layer, the abovementioned boom is operated to correctly orient the bolt 11 with respect to the rock layer within which the bolt 11 is to be embedded. The boom is then operated to compress the bolt 11 against the rock layer. The motor 49 is also operated with one of the gears 46 and 47 being driven.
Accordingly the base 20 is also driven and therefore the bolt 11 as the wedge 53 is compressed against the bolt 11 by the base 20. Accordingly the bolt 11 has applied to it a compressive axial force and a torque. Simultaneously water is delivered to the port 36 so 1o that water flows through the passage 14 and exits via the passage 18 at the leading edge of the drill tip 16. The machine 10 is then continuously operated until the bolt 11 reaches a desired depth.
With the bolt 11 now inserted, the washer 23 abuts the surface of the rock layer with the ring 27 compressed. Thereafter water under pressure is no longer delivered to is the port 36. The nozzle 32 is moved axially so as to close the ducts 38. Upon this occurring resin and hardener are delivered to the ports 43 and mixed initially in the chamber 57. The mixture passes through the duct 33 and enters the passage 21 wherefrom it is delivered to the passage 14 and exits the tip 16 via the passage 18. The resin and hardener (at least partly mixed at this time) then flows along the exterior of the bolt 11 between the exterior of the bolt 11 and the hole drilled in the rock layer.
Ultimately the resin and hardener reaches the ring 27 where upon engages considerable resistance. Although some resin and hardener is allowed to pass the ring 27, flow rate is considerably reduced. This resistance to flow is detected with an operator then being advised that the cavity surrounding the bolt 11 is now filled with resin and hardener. To aid mixing of the resin and hardener, the bolt 11 can be slowly rotated, causing the projections 19 not only to aid in mixing the resin and hardener but moving the resin and hardener longitudinally of the bolt 11 toward the ring 27. When the resistance to flow is detected, flow of resin and hardener then stops. The resin and hardener are then allowed to set so that the bolt 11 is firmly secured to the rock layer. Thereafter hydraulic fluid under pressure is delivered to the cavity 31 to cause the chuck member 30 to move in a direction of the arrow 58, thereby also moving the base 20 in the direction of the arrow 58. Movement of the base 20 causes a corresponding movement in the wedge 52 so that the bolt 11 is placed in tension.
-6- [R:\libtt]04081 speci.doc:lxa It should be appreciated the ring 54 is frictionally held to the chuck member 28 so as to move therewith. When hydraulic fluid under pressure is delivered to the chamber 31, the chuck member 28 is caused to move in a direction opposite the arrow 58. The member 28 takes with it the ring 54 thereby compressing the washer 23 against the rock face. Fixed to the ring 54 is the wedge 56. The ring 54 and wedge 56 retain the bolt 11 tensioned and applies compression force to the rock layer when the hydraulic pressure in the chamber 31 is reduced. Tension in the body 12 pulls the wedge 56 into the ring 54 thereby compressing the wedge 56 against the body 12 to thereby fix the wedge 56 to the body 12 and pushing the ring against the washer 23.
io When the bolt 11 is correctly tensioned, the machine 10 is removed. This is achieved by venting the hydraulic fluid in the chamber 31 as well as the chamber 41. The spring 42 moves the sleeve 39 upward against the wedge 52 so as to release the wedge 52 with respect to the base 20. Accordingly by operation of the boom, the machine 10 may then be removed from the bolt 11. In that regard, it should be appreciated there is is sufficient force applied by the boom to remove the base 20 from the ring 54.
The bolt 11 is maintained tensioned by the wedge 56. In that regard it should be appreciated the wedge is placed in a position tensioning the bolt 11 without the wedge 56 applying a tongue to the bolt 11.
-7- I R:\libtt]04081 spcci.doc:hxa
Claims (7)
1. A machine to insert a drillable rock bolt, the bolt being longitudinally hollow and having opposite first and second ends, the first end having a drill tip and the second end being provided to be engaged by the machine, said machine including: a chuck assembly to engage said second end to enable a torque and a compression axial force to be applied to the bolt so that in use the bolt will drill into a rock layer; a liquid delivery duct to be in communication with said second end to deliver a liquid thereto; io a port in communication with said liquid delivery duct to which a settable substance is delivered in liquid form under pressure so that said substance can be delivered to said second end for delivery to the interior of the bolt; and wherein said chuck assembly is also adapted to apply tension to the bolt to provide for tensioning of the bolt when the bolt is fixed in the rock layer. is
2. The machine of claim 1, wherein said chuck assembly is adapted to apply a tension retaining member to said bolt to retain the bolt tensioned after insertion.
3. The machine of claim 1 or 2, wherein said chuck assembly includes: a chuck member having a longitudinal axis and a longitudinal passage into which said second end is to project; a second chuck member, the second chuck member also having a longitudinal passage and co-operates therewith to provide an annular chamber to which hydraulic fluid under pressure is delivered to urge the first and second chuck members apart longitudinally to tension the bolt; a base also having a longitudinal passage and engage with a second chuck member to apply an axial force thereto and projecting internally of the first and second chuck members to engage a collet to apply the collet to said second end so that said base can apply a torque to the bolt to cause the bolt to drill.
4. The machine of claim 3, further including a drive assembly to apply a torque to said base to cause rotation thereof to rotate the bolt to cause the bolt to drill.
5. The machine of claim 4, wherein said base includes said liquid delivery duct.
6. A method of inserting a drillable rock bolt having a drilling tip and longitudinal passage extending through the bolt, said method including the steps of: -8- [R :\Iibtt]0408I speci.doc hxa applying an axial force to the bolt and rotating the bolt to cause the bolt to drill into a rock layer; causing water to flow longitudinally through the bolt to exit the bolt adjacent a leading portion thereof; stopping the water flow; delivering a settable substance in liquid form to the interior of the bolt and causing the substance to flow longitudinally through the bolt and to exit the bolt adjacent a leading portion thereof so that the material then flows along the exterior of the bolt to fill voids between the bolt and the rock layer; io allowing the substance to harden so that the bolt is attached to the rock layer; applying a tensioning force to the bolt; and applying to the bolt a tension retaining member that retains the bolt tensioned and applies a compression force to the rock layer.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said tension retaining member includes Is a ring surrounding the bolt, with a wedge member located between the ring and bolt so as to be compressed therebetween so as to be retained in position with respect to the bolt. Dated 28 August, 2006 Cutting Edge Technology Pty Ltd Patent Attorneys for the Applicant/Nominated Person SPRUSON FERGUSON -9- [R:\Iibtt]0408 I speci.doc:hxa
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2006203767A AU2006203767A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2006-08-29 | A machine to insert a rock bolt |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2005904798 | 2005-09-01 | ||
| AU2005904798A AU2005904798A0 (en) | 2005-09-01 | A machine to insert a rock bolt | |
| AU2006203767A AU2006203767A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2006-08-29 | A machine to insert a rock bolt |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2006203767A1 true AU2006203767A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
Family
ID=37875600
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2006203767A Abandoned AU2006203767A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2006-08-29 | A machine to insert a rock bolt |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2006203767A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112360505A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-12 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Drilling, grouting, anchoring and pre-tightening integrated anchor rod supporting device and construction method |
| CN113474535A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2021-10-01 | Fci特拉华控股有限公司 | Resin injection support base |
| CN113957912A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-01-21 | 青岛地质工程勘察院(青岛地质勘查开发局) | A slope empty bag department of subsides repair equipment for ground is administered |
| CN114198127A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-18 | 山东省物化探勘查院 | Automatic unlocking device for prestressed anchor cable |
-
2006
- 2006-08-29 AU AU2006203767A patent/AU2006203767A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113474535A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2021-10-01 | Fci特拉华控股有限公司 | Resin injection support base |
| CN112360505A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-12 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Drilling, grouting, anchoring and pre-tightening integrated anchor rod supporting device and construction method |
| CN114198127A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-18 | 山东省物化探勘查院 | Automatic unlocking device for prestressed anchor cable |
| CN114198127B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2024-03-12 | 山东省物化探勘查院 | Automatic unlocking device for prestressed anchor cable |
| CN113957912A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-01-21 | 青岛地质工程勘察院(青岛地质勘查开发局) | A slope empty bag department of subsides repair equipment for ground is administered |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK1 | Application lapsed section 142(2)(a) - no request for examination in relevant period |