AU2006201461B2 - Method of printing an image on a metallic surface, particularly on a coin surface - Google Patents
Method of printing an image on a metallic surface, particularly on a coin surface Download PDFInfo
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- AU2006201461B2 AU2006201461B2 AU2006201461A AU2006201461A AU2006201461B2 AU 2006201461 B2 AU2006201461 B2 AU 2006201461B2 AU 2006201461 A AU2006201461 A AU 2006201461A AU 2006201461 A AU2006201461 A AU 2006201461A AU 2006201461 B2 AU2006201461 B2 AU 2006201461B2
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- metal surface
- printing
- ink
- macropores
- micropores
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003909 pattern recognition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016278 Mentha canadensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000245214 Mentha canadensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008753 Papaver somniferum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001090 Papaver somniferum Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 alcohol ketone Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011527 polyurethane coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
METHOD OF PRINTING AN IMAGE ON A METALLIC SURFACE, PARTICULARLY ON A COIN SURFACE A method of printing on a metal surface includes steps of forming a plurality of macropores on at least a portion of a metal surface. A plurality of micropores are formed within and adjacent to the macropores. The metal surface is cleaned, and a first ink having a first color is applied to the macropores and micropores to form at least one image on the metal. surface. Preferably, the ink is applied using an inkjet printer. The ink is dried. A second ink having a second color may also be applied to the metal surface and then dried. Additional inks may also be applied. A lacquer top coat may be applied to the metal surface on top of the first ink (and additional inks, if provided). Preferably, the metal surface is part of a coin. -100 102 108 110, 130, 150 108 110, 130, 150
Description
AUSTRALIA Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION STANDARD PATENT Applicant (s): Royal Canadian Mint Invention Title: METHOD OF PRINTING AN IMAGE ON A METALLIC SURFACE, PARTICULARLY ON A COIN SURFACE The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us: METHOD OF PRINTING AN IMAGE ON A METALLIC SURFACE, PARTICULARLY ON A COIN SURFACE FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The invention relates to printing generally and more particularly to printing on metal objects such as coins. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] It is known to print images on metal substrates. Typically, it is necessary to coat the metal substrate with a thermoplastic or thermoset material prior to application of ink. It is further known to transfer the ink first to an intermediate carrier and subsequently transfer the ink from the carrier to the coated substrate. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,994,264 (Sherman et al.). [0003] In particular, it is known to apply paint or ink to a metal coin using a silk screen-process. While high quality images may be produced by such processes, adhesion of the image to the coin surface is not adequate to provide sufficient durability to make such coins suitable for public circulation. [0004] A need exists for an efficient and low-cost method of printing images on metal surfaces such that the image demonstrates good adhesion to the metal surface. There is a particular need for a method of printing images on a face of a metal coin, wherein the image demonstrates sufficient durability to make the printed coin suitable for public circulation.
-2 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [00051 In a first aspect, the invention is a method of printing on a metal surface comprising the steps of providing a metal surface, forming a plurality of macropores in a designed pattern on at least a portion of the metal surface, wherein the macropores are in the range of about 0.1 to about 0.5 millimetres across, and forming a plurality of micropores within the macropores. The metal surface is cleaned, and a first ink having a first color is applied to the macropores and micropores to from at least one image on the metal surface. The ink is dried. 100061 Preferably, the metal surface is part of a coin. Additional inks may be applied. Preferably, the first ink and any additional inks are solvent-based and are applied using inkjet printers. The drying process is preferably accomplished by blowing air across the metal surface. The method further preferably comprises a step of inspecting the metal surface to ensure correct orientation of the metal surface and a step of inspecting the metal surface to ensure proper quality of the printed image. The method may include a step of applying a substantially transparent top coat over the first and any additional inks. Preferably, the macropores are in the range of about 0.1 to 0.5 millimeter across and in the range of about 0.01 to 0.05 millimeter deep and the micropores are in the range of approximately 0.01 microns to 15 microns deep. The macropores may be formed in a stamping operation and the micropores may be formed in a sandblasting operation. 100071 In a second aspect, the invention is a method of printing an image on at least a portion of a coin surface. The method comprises a first step of providing a metal coin having a first side and a second side. A plurality of macropores in a designed pattern are formed on at least a portion of the first side wherein the macropores are in the range of about 0.1 to about 0.5 millimetres across. A plurality of micropores are formed at least within the macropores. At least the first side is cleaned to provide a substantially clean surface. The first side is inspected to ensure correct orientation of the coin. A first inkjet printer is used to apply a first ink having a first color to the macropores and micropores to form a first image on the first side. The first ink is air dried. A 3698525_1 (GHMatters) P60333.AU 19 September 2012 4006418_1 (GHMatte,,) P60333.AU -3 second inkjet printer is used to apply a second ink having a second color to the macropores and micropores. The second ink is air dried. A top coat of lacquer is applied to cover the first and second inks using a third inkjet printer. The top coat is air dried. The method is not limited to two colors, but may involve only one color, or more than two colors, excluding the top coat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0008] For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there is shown in the drawings a form of the invention which is presently preferred; it being understood, however, that this invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown. In the drawings: [0009] Figure 1 is a diagram of the steps of a method of printing on a metal surface in accordance with the present invention. [0010] Figure 2 is a plan view of a first side of a coin having a printed surface produced in accordance with the method of Figure 1. [0011] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the coin of Figure 2, taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2. [0012] Figure 4 is an enlarged detail view of the printed surface of the coin of Figure 2, showing macropores and micropores produced in accordance with the method of Figure 1. [0013] Figures 5 through 13 are plan views of alternative patterns of macropore construction in accordance with the method of Figure 1. [0014] Figures 14 and 15 are cross-sectional views showing alternative macropore construction in accordance with the method of Figure 1.
-4 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [00151 Referring to the figures, wherein like numerals are used to indicate like elements throughout, there is shown in Figure 1 a diagram of the steps of a method, identified generally by reference numeral 10, of printing on a metal surface in accordance with the present invention. Figures 2-4 illustrate a coin 100 produced by the method 10. The coin 100 includes a printable surface 108 having a plurality of macropores 110 and micropores 112, described in detail below. Figures 5-15 illustrate a few of the various ways in which the macropores 110 may be constructed. [00161 The method of printing on a metal surface 10 will be described in the context of producing the coin 100. However, it will be recognized that the method 10 is applicable to metallic surfaces generally, and is not limited in application to coins. The method 10 is, however, especially well-suited for providing printed images on coins. [00171 With reference to Figures 1-4, the method 10 comprises a first step 12 of providing a metal surface.. The metal surface may be, for example, a first side 102 of the metal coin 100. The metal coin 100 includes the first side 102 and a second side 104. In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the first side 102 is provided with embossed indicia 106 surrounding the printable surface 108. [00181 In a second step 14, a plurality of macropores 110 are formed on at least a portion of the metal surface (preferably, the first side 102). Preferably, the macropores 110 are formed using conventional metalworking techniques, such as stamping. With reference to Figures 4, 14, and 15, the macropores preferably have a width A in the range of approximately 0.1 to 0.5 millimeters and a depth C in the range of 0.01 to 0.10 millimeters. Preferably, the macropores 110 are separated from one another by a distance B in the range of 0.0 to 0.3 millimeters.
-5 [00191 The macropores 110 may be formed in a wide array of patterns. With reference to Figures 4 and 5, in a first pattern 130, the macropores 110 are formed as separate generally circular indentations of a generally uniform diameter. With reference to Figures 6-13, second through ninth patterns 132 - 146 provide both discrete, localized indentations similar to the first pattern 130, as well as extended indented channels. Other patterns are possible. [0020] Furthermore, the macropores 110 may be formed in a wide array of cross-sectional profiles. With reference again to Figures 4 and 5, in a first cross-sectional profile 150, the macropores 110 are provided with a semi-circular cross-sectional profile. Furthermore, and with reference to Figure 14, in a second cross-sectional profile 152, the macropores 110 may be provided with compound shape having a combination of radiused and linear edges. Still further, with reference to Figure 15, the macropores 110 may be provided with a third, generally triangular, cross-sectional profile 154. The first through third cross-sectional profiles are illustrative of only three of the many geometries possible. [00211 With particular reference to Figures 1 and 4, in a third step 16 a plurality of micropores 112 are formed within and adjacent to the macropores 110. The micropores 112 are. characterized by dimensions much smaller than the macropores, ranging in sizes (depth and breadth) from 0.01 micron (micromillimeter) to 15 microns. The micropores 112 average in size from around 0.5 micron to 5.0 microns. The micropores 112 are preferably produced by a sandblasting process or by a lasering process. [00221 With continued reference to Figure 1, in a fourth step 18 the metal surface (preferably, the printable surface 108) is cleaned to remove any debris on the surface accumulated during processing, including any lubricants. A clean surface improves adhesion of ink subsequently applied to the surface. The surface is cleaned using conventional techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art of metalworking.
-6 [0023] Preferably, in a fifth step 20 the metal surface is inspected to ensure correct orientation of the metal surface relative to inkjet printing equipment, described further below. The fifth step 20 is necessary for objects such as the coin 100, which is preferably fed to the printing equipment by automated equipment, and which is fed to the printing equipment oriented randomly face up or face down. If there were no uncertainty in the orientation of the object being processed, the fifth step 20 could be omitted. [00241 Preferably the fifth step 20 is performed using conventional. automated pattern recognition equipment of a type known to those of ordinary skill in the art of automated manufacturing equipment. For example, a digital camera (not illustrated) could be coupled to a computer controller (not illustrated), providing a signal to the controller. The controller is provided with software adapted to determine from the signal the orientation of the object being processed. In particular, with respect to the coin 100, the software would recognize whether the first side 102 or second side 104 was properly oriented relative to the printing equipment. If not properly oriented, the controller would activate machinery of a type well known to those of ordinary skill in the art of automated manufacturing equipment to flip the coin 100 into the desired orientation. [0025] With reference now to Figures 1 and 6, in a sixth step 22, a first ink 116 having a first color is applied to the macropores 110 and micropores 112 to form at least one image 114 on the printable surface 108. Preferably, the first ink 116 is a solvent-based ink having a solvent which evaporates very quickly, preferably within three or four seconds of exposure to air blowing past the printable surface 108 at a moderate velocity (for example, 10 feet per second). In particular, an alcohol ketone based ink, such as the inks available from Imaje France of Bourg Les Valence, France, having product codes FT316 and 5130, have been found to be particularly effective.
-7 [00261 The first ink 116 is preferably applied to the printable surface 108 using a first inkjet printer (not illustrated). The first inkjet printer is preferably a piezoelectric-type inkjet printer. The first inkjet printer is conventional. Preferably a Model S8 Series Master available from Image France is used. [00271 In a seventh step 24, the ink is dried in a first air tunnel (not illustrated) where air is circulated at a moderate velocity to evaporate the solvent and dry the first ink 116. As indicated above, the metal object (preferably, the coin 100) moves through the first air tunnel in three to four seconds. The air need not be heated above the ambient temperature within the processing plant. [0028] Preferably in an eighth step 26, a second ink 120 having a second color is applied to the macropores 110 and micropores 112 on the metal surface (the printable surface 108). The second ink 120 forms a second image 118, which preferably cooperates with the first image 114. In the particular embodiment of the coin 100 illustrated, the first image 114 and second image 118 together form a representation of a poppy flower. [00291 Preferably, the second ink 120 is also solvent-based. It has been found to be desirable that the first and second inks 116, 120 be based on different solvents. Otherwise, when the second ink 120 is applied, the solvent contained therein tends to re-wet and blur the first image 114. The second ink 120 is preferably applied with a second inkjet printer (not illustrated) similar to the first inkjet printer (not illustrated). In a ninth step 28, the second ink 120 is air dried, preferably in a manner similar to the first ink 116, as described in the seventh step 24. [0030] It will be recognized that the method 10 is not limited to application of only two inks. Additional printing stations applying additional inks along with additional drying tunnels could be provided.
-8 [00311 With reference now to Figures 1 and 4, in a tenth step 30, a substantially transparent top coat 122 is applied to at least substantially cover the first ink 116, and second ink 120 and other additional inks, if provided. Preferably, the top coat 122 is a substantially transparent lacquer having a nitrocellulose base resin. This lacquer is commercially available from sources including Imaje France, under the product code 5553. The preferred thickness of the top coat 122 is in the range of about 1 to 2 microns. Preferably, the tenth step 30 is performed using a third inkjet printer (not illustrated) of a type similar to the first and second inkjet printers. In an eleventh step 32, the top coat 122 is air-dried, preferably in a manner similar to that described above for the seventh and ninth steps 24 and 28. [0032] Alternatively, it will be recognized that application of the top coat 122 could be accomplished using other materials and techniques. For example, the top coat 122 could be a transparent coating capable of being cured by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Other types of heat sensitive top coats 122 could be used, including a polyurethane coating. Still further, the top coat 122 could either be colorless, or could be colored, while still being at least substantially transparent. [00331 Finally, in a twelfth step 34, the first and second printed images 114, 118 are inspected for acceptable quality by automated pattern recognition equipment of a type similar to that described above relative to the fifth step 20. [00341 It will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art that one or more of the foregoing twelve steps may be omitted. For example, the twelfth step 34, while desirable, need not be performed. [00351 An efficient and low-cost method of printing images on metal surfaces is thus disclosed. In particular, an efficient and low-cost method of printing images on a face of a metal coin, -9 wherein the image demonstrates sufficient durability and adhesion to the coin surface to make the printed coin suitable for public circulation, is disclosed. [0036] Although the invention has been described and illustrated with respect to the exemplary embodiments thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and various other changes, omissions and additions may be made therein and thereto, without parting from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, reference should be made to the appended claims, rather than to the foregoing specification, as indicating the scope of the invention. [0037] In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention. [0038] It is to be understood that, if any prior art publication is referred to herein, such reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms a part of the common general knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country.
Claims (22)
1. A method of printing on a metal surface comprising the steps of providing a metal surface; forming a plurality of macropores in a designed pattern on at least a portion of the metal surface wherein the macropores are in the range of about 0.1 to about 0.5 millimetre across; forming a plurality of micropores within the macropores; cleaning the metal surface; applying a first ink having a first color to the macropores and micropores to form at least one image on the metal surface; and drying the ink.
2. The method of printing on a metal surface of claim 1, wherein the metal surface is part of a coin.
3. The method of printing on a metal surface of claim I or claim 2, wherein the step of applying the ink is performed by an inkjet printer.
4. The method of printing on a metal surface of claim 3, wherein the inkjet printer is a piezoelectric inkjet printer.
5. The method of printing on a metal surface of any one of claims I to 4, wherein the ink is solvent-based.
6. The method of printing on a metal surface of claim 5, wherein the step of drying the ink includes a step of blowing air across the metal surface to evaporate a solvent in the solvent-based ink.
7. The method of printing on a metal surface of any one of claims I to 6 further comprising a step of applying a second ink to the macropores and micropores on the metal surface.
8. The method of printing on a metal surface of claim 7, wherein the second ink has a second color different from the first color. 3896525_1 (GHMatters) P80333AU 19 September 2012 4095418 1 (GHMatte,,) P8O333.AU -11
9. The method of printing on a metal surface of claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the first ink and the second ink are applied with first and second inkjet printers, respectively.
10. The method of printing on a metal surface of any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the first ink and the second ink are solvent-based, and the first ink includes a first solvent and the second ink includes a second solvent.
11. The method of printing on a metal surface of any one of claims 1 to 10 further comprising a step of inspecting the metal surface to ensure correct orientation of the metal surface.
12. The method of printing on a metal surface of any one of claims 1 to 11 further comprising a step of inspecting the metal surface to ensure proper quality of the printed image.
13. The method of printing on a metal surface of claim 11 or claim 12, wherein the steps of inspecting the metal surface or inspecting the image are performed using automated pattern recognition devices.
14. The method of printing on a metal surface of any one of claims 1 to 13 further comprising a step of applying a substantially transparent top coat to at least substantially cover the at least one image.
15. The method of printing on a metal surface of claim 14, wherein the top coat is a substantially transparent lacquer.
16. The method of printing on a metal surface of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the step of applying the top coat is performed using a third inkjet printer.
17. The method of printing on a metal surface of any one of claims I to 16, wherein the macropores are in the range of about 0.1 to 0.5 millimeter across and in the range of about 0.01 to 0.10 millimeter deep and the spacing between the macropores is in the range of 0.0 millimeter to about 0.30 millimeter. 3697771_1 (GHMatim) P60333,AU
3896525..1 (GHMattem) P60333AU 19 September 2012 -12
18. The method of printing on a metal surface of any one of claims I to 17, wherein the micropores are in the range of approximately 0.01 microns to 15 microns deep.
19. The method of printing on a metal surface of any one of claims I to 18, wherein the step of forming the macropores is performed in a stamping operation and the step of forming the micropores is performed in one of a sandblasting operation or a lasering operation.
20. A method of printing an image on at least a portion of a coin surface, comprising the steps of: providing a metal coin having a first side and a second side; forming a plurality of macropores in a designed pattern on at least a portion of the first side wherein the macropores are in the range of about 0.1 to 0.5 millimetres across; forming a plurality of micropores at least within the macropores; cleaning at least the first side to provide a substantially clean surface; inspecting the first side to ensure correct orientation of the coin; using a first inkjet printer to apply a first ink having a first color to the macropores and micropores to form a first image on the first side; air drying the first ink; using a second inkjet printer to apply a second ink having a second color to the macropores and micropores; air drying the second ink; applying a top coat of lacquer to cover the first and second inks using a third inkjet printer; and air drying the top coat.
21. The method of printing an image on at least a portion of a coin surface of claim 20 further comprising the steps of using at least a third inkjet printer to apply at least a third ink having at least a third color to the macropores and micropores and air drying the at least third ink.
22. A method of printing on a metal surface substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 34596525_1 (GHMetters) P60333.AU 19 September 2012
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU2006201461A AU2006201461B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method of printing an image on a metallic surface, particularly on a coin surface |
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AU2006201461A AU2006201461B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method of printing an image on a metallic surface, particularly on a coin surface |
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AU2006201461A1 AU2006201461A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
AU2006201461B2 true AU2006201461B2 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
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AU2006201461A Active AU2006201461B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method of printing an image on a metallic surface, particularly on a coin surface |
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Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2812295A (en) * | 1955-03-22 | 1957-11-05 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of finishing metal surfaces |
US2990304A (en) * | 1957-07-10 | 1961-06-27 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method of coloring aluminum surface |
-
2006
- 2006-03-28 AU AU2006201461A patent/AU2006201461B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2812295A (en) * | 1955-03-22 | 1957-11-05 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of finishing metal surfaces |
US2990304A (en) * | 1957-07-10 | 1961-06-27 | Reynolds Metals Co | Method of coloring aluminum surface |
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