AU2005202215B2 - Self-Sealing Sparger - Google Patents
Self-Sealing Sparger Download PDFInfo
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- AU2005202215B2 AU2005202215B2 AU2005202215A AU2005202215A AU2005202215B2 AU 2005202215 B2 AU2005202215 B2 AU 2005202215B2 AU 2005202215 A AU2005202215 A AU 2005202215A AU 2005202215 A AU2005202215 A AU 2005202215A AU 2005202215 B2 AU2005202215 B2 AU 2005202215B2
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- sparger
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ORIGINAL AUSTRALIA Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Standard Patent Invention title: "SELF-SEALING SPARGER" Applicant: PAUL DALLEY The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me: -2 "SELF-SEALING SPARGER" Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-sealing sparger for introducing a first 5 fluid into a second fluid and relates particularly, though not exclusively, to a sparger for introducing a gas into a mineral slurry. Background to the Invention In many chemical engineering processes it is necessary to introduce a first fluid into second fluid in a manner designed to ensure rapid dispersion and 10 maximum reactivity between the first fluid and the second fluid. For example, spraying a liquid into a gas in a gas scrubber or injecting a gas into a liquid in a mineral flotation column. In most cases the liquid is introduced in a fine spray of small droplets, or the gas is injected in a dense cloud of small bubbles, in order to increase the surface area of the first fluid that is exposed to the second fluid, 15 and hence improve the chemical reactivity between the two fluids. In mineral processing, a gas is typically injected into a mineral slurry using a sparger having a plurality of small apertures or perforations provided in the tip of the sparger, through which the gas is injected under pressure. One of the disadvantages associated with prior art spargers is the tendency for blockages 20 to form in the apertures, or clogging of the perforations to occur, when the flow of gas through the sparger ceases. As the positive pressure of the gas keeping the apertures clear is no longer present, particles of the mineral slurry can enter the apertures or perforations and become lodged there. In some mineral processing applications it is necessary to introduce a very 25 large volume of gas into the slurry, for example up to 100 tonnes per day, in order to effect the desired chemical reaction. However, in order to increase the capacity it is not possible to simply scale up the size of the sparger, as this will have the undesirable effect of increasing the bubble size, which will result in agglomeration and reduced surface area. 30 -3 The present invention was developed with a view to providing a self-sealing sparger and sparger apparatus that can be used to deliver large quantities of gas into a slurry. Although the sparger and sparger apparatus of the present invention have particular application in mineral processing, for injecting a gas 5 into a liquid, it is to be understood that it may also have application in spraying a liquid into a gas. References to prior art in this specification are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not to be taken as an admission that such prior art is part of the common general knowledge in Australia or elsewhere. 10 Summary of the Invention According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a self sealing sparger for injecting a first fluid into a volume of a second fluid, the sparger comprising: an elongate body having an inlet at one end for receiving a supply of the first 15 fluid under pressure; an outlet valve at the other end of the body, said outlet valve comprising a valve seat and a valve member, said valve member having an elongate valve stem for moving the valve member into and out of sealing engagement with the valve seat to respectively close and open an outlet defined between the valve 20 seat and the valve member; said valve stem having a passage extending along a part of its length defining a flow path for the first fluid between the inlet and the outlet valve, wherein said passage in the valve stem takes the form of a central bore extending longitudinally from a first end of the valve stem, adjacent the inlet of the 25 sparger, to a point spaced from the other end, behind the valve member; and, a biasing means for biasing the valve member to a closed position in sealing engagement with the valve seat, and wherein, in use, the valve member is lifted from the closed position, against the bias of said biasing means, to open the outlet and release the first fluid into the second fluid when the pressure 30 exceeds a predetermined value.
-4 Preferably a transverse bore is provided in the valve stem, extending from said central bore to a fluid space within the sparger behind the valve member. Preferably said valve stem is provided with an annular base at said first end, 5 and said biasing means is in the form of a coil spring that is mounted concentrically on the valve stem and supported at one end on said base. Advantageously said elongate body is formed with an internal, annular shelf spaced from said one end and together with said valve member and valve seat defining said fluid space behind the valve member. Preferably said annular 10 shelf acts as a stop for said coil spring, against which said coil spring reacts to bias the valve stem, and hence the valve member, to the closed position. Preferably said valve stem is of annular shape and said valve member has a valve face of annular shape adapted to seal against said valve seat, and wherein when the valve member is lifted from the closed position an annular 15 gap is opened between the valve face and the valve seat, to form said outlet and allow a thin film of said first fluid to pass there through. Typically the annular gap is about 0.05 to 0.2 mm. Advantageously said valve seat has a seat face formed of a ceramic material and said valve face is also formed of a ceramic material to reduce wear on the 20 seal faces caused by the first fluid. Preferably said valve seat is in the form of a sleeve which is received within the other end of the elongate body and supported by said internal annular shelf. Preferably said elongate body is of cylindrical shape and has a screw-thread formed on its outer surface to enable the sparger to be screwed into a 25 matching recess provided in a distributor means. According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a sparger apparatus for injecting a first fluid into a volume of a second fluid, the apparatus comprising: -5 a distributor in the form of an elongate member having a longitudinally extending distribution bore for distributing said first fluid to a plurality of spargers, said elongate member also having a plurality of transverse sparger bores extending from said distribution bore to an external surface of the 5 elongate member, each sparger bore having a self-sealing sparger fitted therein, each self-sealing sparger having an inlet at one end, for receiving a supply of the first fluid under pressure from said distribution bore, and an outlet valve at the other end which is biased to a closed position, said outlet valve comprising a valve seat and a valve member, said valve member having an 10 elongate valve stem for moving the valve member into and out of sealing engagement with the valve seat to respectively close and open an outlet defined between the valve seat and the valve member, said valve stem having a passage extending along a part of its length defining a flow path for the first fluid between the inlet and the outlet valve, wherein said passage in the valve 15 stem takes the form of a central bore extending longitudinally from a first end of the valve stem, adjacent the inlet of the self-sealing sparger, to a point spaced from the other end, behind the valve member and wherein, in use, when the pressure of the first fluid supplied through the distribution bore to each of the spargers exceeds a predetermined value the outlet valves in each sparger 20 open to release the first fluid into the second fluid. Preferably the outlet valve of each sparger sits substantially flush with said external surface of the elongate member. Preferably said elongate member is of cylindrical shape. Preferably said sparger bores are all aligned in a longitudinal direction of the elongate member so that said sparger outlets all 25 point in the same direction. Typically said sparger apparatus is mounted, in use, near the bottom of a reactor vessel containing said volume of the second fluid. Throughout the specification, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be 30 understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.
-6 Brief Description of the Drawings The nature of the invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the sparger and sparger apparatus, 5 given by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a vessel with a preferred embodiment of the sparger apparatus according to the present invention mounted therein; Figures 2 and 3 are cross-section views of a preferred embodiment of a 10 sparger according to the present invention; Figure 4 is a cross-section view of the sparger apparatus of Fig. 1; and, Figure 5 is an enlarged cross-section view of the sparger apparatus of Fig. 4. Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments 15 The described embodiment of the sparger and sparger apparatus according to the invention is employed for injecting a gas into a volume of liquid, for example, for injecting oxygen into a mineral slurry. Figure 1 illustrates a stirred reactor vessel 8 having a preferred embodiment of the sparger apparatus 10 mounted near the bottom thereof. The apparatus 10 has a plurality of spargers 20 12 provided therein for injecting oxygen into the volume of slurry contained in the vessel 8. Each of the spargers 12 is typically capable of injecting between 10 - 15 m 3 /hr of oxygen under pressure into the slurry. In order to increase the mass of oxygen introduced into the slurry it is a relatively simple matter of adding more spargers 12 to the apparatus 10 or having a plurality of such 25 apparatus mounted in the vessel. The spargers 12 are designed to inject a stream of fine bubbles into the slurry in order to maximise the surface area of oxygen that is in contact with the slurry. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, each of the spargers 12 comprises an elongate -7 body 14 having an inlet 16 at one end for receiving a supply of oxygen under pressure, and an outlet valve 18 at the other end. The outlet valve 18 comprises a valve seat 20 and a valve member 22. The valve member 22 has 5 an elongate valve stem 24 for moving the valve member 22 into and out of sealing engagement with the valve seat 20 to respectively close and open an outlet 26 defined between the valve seat and the valve member (see Fig. 3). The valve stem 24 has a passage 28 extending along a part of its length defining a flow path for the oxygen between the inlet 16 and the outlet valve 18. 10 In this embodiment the passage in the valve stem 24 takes the form of a central bore 28 extending longitudinally from a first end of the valve stem, adjacent the inlet 16 of the sparger, to a point spaced from the other end of the valve stem, behind the valve member 22. A transverse bore 30 is also provided in the valve stem 24, extending from the central bore 28 to a fluid space 32 15 within the sparger behind the valve member 22. A biasing means in the form of a coil spring 34 is provided for biasing the valve member 22 to a closed position, (as shown in Fig. 2) in sealing engagement with the valve seat 20. The valve stem 24 is provided with an annular base 36 at the first end, and coil spring 34 is mounted concentrically on the valve stem 20 24 and supported at one end on the base 36. In use, oxygen pumped under pressure into the sparger 12 through inlet 16 passes up through the central bore 28 and transverse bore 30 of the valve stem into the fluid space 32 behind the valve member 22. When the pressure of the oxygen in the fluid space 32 exceeds a predetermined value, valve member 22 is lifted from the closed 25 position, against the bias of coil spring 34, to open the outlet 26 and release the oxygen into the slurry (as shown in Fig. 3). In the illustrated embodiment the elongate body 14 of the sparger 12 is formed with an internal, annular shelf 38 spaced from the end where the outlet valve 18 is located. Together with the valve member 22 and valve seat 20 annular 30 shelf 38 defines the fluid space 32 behind the valve member 22.
-8 Advantageously the annular shelf 38 also acts as a stop for the coil spring 34, against which the coil spring 34 reacts to bias the valve stem 24, and hence the valve member 22, to the closed position. The force required to compress the 5 coil spring 34 is carefully matched to be equal to the force exerted by the oxygen against the underside of the valve member 22 when it reaches the predetermined pressure. The actual pressure of the oxygen supplied to the sparger 12 is selected to be slightly greater than the predetermined pressure so that the outlet 26 is held open to release a thin film of gas into the slurry. 10 In the illustrated embodiment the valve seat 20 is of annular shape and the valve member 22 has a valve face 40 of annular shape adapted to seal against the valve seat 20. The valve seat 20 is in the form of a sleeve which is received within the end of the elongate body 14 of the sparger and supported by the internal annular shelf 38. In use, when the valve member 22 is lifted from the 15 closed position, as shown in Fig. 3, a small annular gap is opened between the valve face and the valve seat, to form outlet 26 and allow a thin film of oxygen to pass there through. The annular gap opened between the valve face and the valve seat is typically in the order of 0.05 - 0.2 mm. Advantageously the valve seat 20 has a seat face 42 formed of a ceramic material, and the valve face 40 20 is also formed of a ceramic material to reduce wear on the seal faces caused by the flow of high pressure oxygen through outlet 26. In this embodiment, the whole of the valve member 22 is manufactured of ceramic material and is connected to the valve stem 24 by means of a screw 44. In use, the exposed surface of the valve member 22 is covered with a ceramic paste 46 to protect 25 the screw 44 from the corrosive effects of the slurry (see Fig. 5). In this embodiment the elongate body 14 of the sparger is of cylindrical shape and has a screw-thread 48 formed on its outer surface to enable the sparger to be screwed into a matching recess provided in a distributor of the sparger apparatus 10. The preferred embodiment of the sparger apparatus will now be 30 described in detail with reference to Figs. 4 and 5.
-9 Figure 4 is a cross-section view through the sparger apparatus 10 of Fig. 1. The apparatus 10 comprises a distributor in the form of an elongate member 50 having a longitudinally extending distribution bore 52 for distributing oxygen to 5 a plurality of spargers 12. The elongate member 50 also has a plurality of transverse sparger bores 54 extending from the distribution bore 52 to an external surface of the elongate member 50. Each sparger bore 54 has a self sealing sparger 12 fitted therein, substantially identical to that illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. Each self-sealing sparger 12 has an inlet at one end, for receiving a 10 supply of oxygen under pressure from the distribution bore 52, and an outlet valve 18 at the other end which is biased to a closed position. In use, when the pressure of the oxygen supplied through the distribution bore 52 to each of the spargers 12 exceeds a predetermined value the outlet valves 18 in each sparger open to release the oxygen into the slurry. In the illustrated 15 embodiment four spargers 12 are provided in the distributor, however it will be understood that the number of spargers may be increased, to increase the capacity of the apparatus 10, without compromising the bubble size. Fig. 5 illustrates the end of the distributor 50 with one of the spargers 12 removed from its corresponding sparger bore 52. The body of the sparger 12 is 20 of cylindrical shape and has a screw-thread 48 formed on its outer surface to enable the sparger to be screwed into the sparger bore 52 of a distributor. When the sparger 12 is screwed into the sparger bore 52 the outlet valve 18 of the sparger sits substantially flush with the external surface of the elongate member 50. As can be seen most clearly in Fig.1, the elongate member 50 is 25 of cylindrical shape. Preferably, the sparger bores 52 are all aligned in a longitudinal direction of the elongate member so that said sparger outlets all point in the same direction (upwards). The exposed surface of the valve member 22 is covered with a ceramic paste 46 to protect it from the corrosive effects of the slurry. The elongate member 50 is preferably manufactured from 30 a corrosion resistant material such as titanium.
-10 Now that a preferred embodiment of the sparger and sparger apparatus of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be apparent that it has a number of advantages, including the following: 5 (a) Because it is self-sealing the risk of clogging or blockages occurring in the sparger are substantially eliminated. (b) Any number of spargers can be added to increase the mass of the first fluid required to be introduced into the second fluid without compromising the bubble size. 10 (c) It is of simple and robust design providing extended lifetime and improved reliability with minimum maintenance. (d) The size of the annular gap defining the outlet of the sparger can be kept to a minimum ensuring small bubble size and increased surface area. It will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the relevant arts that various 15 modifications and improvements may be made to the foregoing embodiments, in addition to those already described, without departing from the basic inventive concepts of the present invention. For example, the valve member and valve stem may be manufactured as a single integrated component. In addition, although the preferred shape of the valve member and valve seat is 20 circular (annular), they may be of any desired shape provided the valve member can be moved into and out of sealing engagement with the valve seat to respectively close and open an outlet defined between the valve seat and the valve member. Therefore, it will be appreciated that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. 25 30
Claims (21)
1. A self-sealing sparger for injecting a first fluid into a volume of a second 5 fluid, the sparger comprising: an elongate body having an inlet at one end for receiving a supply of the first fluid under pressure; an outlet valve at the other end of the body, said outlet valve comprising a valve seat and a valve member, said valve member having an elongate valve 10 stem for moving the valve member into and out of sealing engagement with the valve seat to respectively close and open an outlet defined between the valve seat and the valve member; said valve stem having a passage extending along a part of its length defining a flow path for the first fluid between the inlet and the outlet valve, wherein said 15 passage in the valve stem takes the form of a central bore extending longitudinally from a first end of the valve stem, adjacent the inlet of the sparger, to a point spaced from the other end, behind the valve member; and, a biasing means for biasing the valve member to a closed position in sealing engagement with the valve seat, and wherein, in use, the valve member is 20 lifted from the closed position, against the bias of said biasing means, to open the outlet and release the first fluid into the second fluid when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value.
2. A self-sealing sparger according to claim 1 wherein a transverse bore is provided in the valve stem, extending from said central bore, to a fluid space 25 within the sparger behind the valve member.
3. A self-sealing sparger according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the valve stem is provided with an annular base at said first end.
4. A self-sealing sparger according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said biasing means is in the form of a coil spring. -12
5. A self-sealing sparger according to claim 3 or claim 4 wherein said biasing means is mounted concentrically on the valve stem and is supported at one end on said base.
6. A self-sealing sparger according to any one of claims 2 to 5 wherein said 5 elongate body is formed with an internal, annular shelf spaced from said one end and together with said valve member and valve seat defines said fluid space behind the valve member.
7. A self-sealing sparger according to claim 6 wherein the annular shelf 10 acts as a stop for said coil spring, against which said coil spring reacts to bias the valve stem, and hence the valve member, to the closed position.
8. A self-sealing sparger according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the valve stem is of annular shape.
9. A self-sealing sparger according to any one of the preceding claims 15 wherein the valve member has a valve face of annular shape adapted to seal against the valve seat, and wherein when the valve member is lifted from the closed position an annular gap is opened between the valve face and the valve seat, to form the outlet and allow a thin film of the first fluid to pass there through. 20
10. A self-sealing sparger according to claim 9 wherein the annular gap is about 0.05 to 0.2mm.
11. A self-sealing sparger according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the valve seat has a seat face formed of a ceramic material.
12. A self-sealing sparger according to claim 9 wherein the valve face is 25 formed of a ceramic material to reduce wear on the seal faces caused by the first fluid.
13. A self-sealing sparger according to any one claims 6 to 12 wherein the valve seat is in the form of a sleeve which is received within the other end of the elongate body and supported by the internal annular shelf. -13
14. A self-sealing sparger according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said elongate body is of cylindrical shape and has a screw-thread formed on its outer surface to enable the sparger to be screwed into a matching recess provided in a distributor means. 5
15. A sparger apparatus for injecting a first fluid into a volume of a second fluid, the apparatus comprising: a distributor in the form of an elongate member having a longitudinally extending distribution bore for distributing said first fluid to a plurality of spargers, said elongate member also having a plurality of transverse sparger 10 bores extending from said distribution bore to an external surface of the elongate member, each sparger bore having a self-sealing sparger fitted therein, each self-sealing sparger having an inlet at one end, for receiving a supply of the first fluid under pressure from said distribution bore, and an outlet valve at the other end which is biased to a closed position, said outlet valve 15 comprising a valve seat and a valve member, said valve member having an elongate valve stem for moving the valve member into and out of sealing engagement with the valve seat to respectively close and open an outlet defined between the valve seat and the valve member, said valve stem having a passage extending along a part of its length defining a flow path for the first 20 fluid between the inlet and the outlet valve, wherein said passage in the valve stem takes the form of a central bore extending longitudinally from a first end of the valve stem, adjacent the inlet of the self-sealing sparger, to a point spaced from the other end, behind the valve member and wherein, in use, when the pressure of the first fluid supplied through the distribution bore to each of the 25 spargers exceeds a predetermined value the outlet valves in each sparger open to release the first fluid into the second fluid.
16. A sparger apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the outlet valve of each sparger sits substantially flush with said external surface of the elongate member. 30
17. A sparger apparatus according to claim 15 or claim 16 wherein said elongate member is of cylindrical shape. -14
18. A sparger apparatus according to any one of the claims 15 to 17 wherein said sparger bores are all aligned in a longitudinal direction of the elongate member so that said sparger outlet valves all point in the same direction. 5
19. A sparger apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 18 wherein the sparger apparatus is mounted, in use, near the bottom of a reactor vessel containing said volume of the second fluid.
20. A self-sealing sparger substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in any one or more of the accompanying drawings. 10
21. A sparger apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in any one or more of the accompanying drawings. Dated this 5th day of November 2010 15 Paul Dailey By his Patent Attorneys Janet Stead & Associates 20 25
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2005202215A AU2005202215B2 (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2005-05-24 | Self-Sealing Sparger |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2004902911A AU2004902911A0 (en) | 2004-06-02 | Self-Sealing Sparger | |
| AU2004902911 | 2004-06-02 | ||
| AU2005202215A AU2005202215B2 (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2005-05-24 | Self-Sealing Sparger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2005202215A1 AU2005202215A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
| AU2005202215B2 true AU2005202215B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2005202215A Active AU2005202215B2 (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2005-05-24 | Self-Sealing Sparger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| AU (1) | AU2005202215B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106731978A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-05-31 | 贵州大学 | A kind of efficient mixing arrangement of food processing |
| CN108939966B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2021-04-27 | 广东圣雪颜生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing cosmetics |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4218407A (en) * | 1970-04-07 | 1980-08-19 | Chicago Bridge & Iron Company | Valved or progressively opening sparger with rigid upper seat |
| US4549813A (en) * | 1980-12-02 | 1985-10-29 | Deutsche Texaco Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus for mixing a solution |
| US5427151A (en) * | 1994-05-18 | 1995-06-27 | Simpson Cleaning Systems, Inc. | Pressure regulating chemical injector valve |
| US5758691A (en) * | 1996-04-17 | 1998-06-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Self-sealing mixing valve |
| US20050252558A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2005-11-17 | Acrison, Inc., A New Jersey Corporation | Apparatus for mixing two fluids or keeping them separate |
-
2005
- 2005-05-24 AU AU2005202215A patent/AU2005202215B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4218407A (en) * | 1970-04-07 | 1980-08-19 | Chicago Bridge & Iron Company | Valved or progressively opening sparger with rigid upper seat |
| US4549813A (en) * | 1980-12-02 | 1985-10-29 | Deutsche Texaco Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus for mixing a solution |
| US5427151A (en) * | 1994-05-18 | 1995-06-27 | Simpson Cleaning Systems, Inc. | Pressure regulating chemical injector valve |
| US5758691A (en) * | 1996-04-17 | 1998-06-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Self-sealing mixing valve |
| US20050252558A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2005-11-17 | Acrison, Inc., A New Jersey Corporation | Apparatus for mixing two fluids or keeping them separate |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| AU2005202215A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
| PC | Assignment registered |
Owner name: ELLIS, BRADLEY Free format text: FORMER OWNER WAS: DALLEY, PAUL |