AU2002334597B2 - Apparatus for the synthesis of layers, coatings or films - Google Patents

Apparatus for the synthesis of layers, coatings or films Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2002334597B2
AU2002334597B2 AU2002334597A AU2002334597A AU2002334597B2 AU 2002334597 B2 AU2002334597 B2 AU 2002334597B2 AU 2002334597 A AU2002334597 A AU 2002334597A AU 2002334597 A AU2002334597 A AU 2002334597A AU 2002334597 B2 AU2002334597 B2 AU 2002334597B2
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
holder
layer
coupled
reusable tool
precursor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
AU2002334597A
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English (en)
Other versions
AU2002334597A1 (en
Inventor
Billy J. Stanberry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HelioVolt Corp
Original Assignee
HelioVolt Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/957,121 external-priority patent/US6559372B2/en
Priority claimed from US09/957,125 external-priority patent/US6787012B2/en
Priority claimed from US09/957,123 external-priority patent/US6881647B2/en
Priority claimed from US09/957,132 external-priority patent/US6500733B1/en
Priority claimed from US09/957,207 external-priority patent/US6593213B2/en
Priority claimed from US09/957,050 external-priority patent/US6736986B2/en
Application filed by HelioVolt Corp filed Critical HelioVolt Corp
Publication of AU2002334597A1 publication Critical patent/AU2002334597A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AU2002334597B2 publication Critical patent/AU2002334597B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/10Semiconductor bodies
    • H10F77/12Active materials
    • H10F77/126Active materials comprising only Group I-III-VI chalcopyrite materials, e.g. CuInSe2, CuGaSe2 or CuInGaSe2 [CIGS]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/0005Separation of the coating from the substrate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0623Sulfides, selenides or tellurides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/56Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/01Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes on temporary substrates, e.g. substrates subsequently removed by etching
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/305Sulfides, selenides, or tellurides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/54Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F10/00Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
    • H10F10/10Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells having potential barriers
    • H10F10/16Photovoltaic cells having only PN heterojunction potential barriers
    • H10F10/167Photovoltaic cells having only PN heterojunction potential barriers comprising Group I-III-VI materials, e.g. CdS/CuInSe2 [CIS] heterojunction photovoltaic cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F71/00Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F71/00Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F71/139Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass using temporary substrates
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/10Semiconductor bodies
    • H10F77/16Material structures, e.g. crystalline structures, film structures or crystal plane orientations
    • H10F77/169Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates
    • H10F77/1698Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates the metallic or insulating substrates being flexible
    • H10F77/1699Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates the metallic or insulating substrates being flexible the films including Group I-III-VI materials, e.g. CIS or CIGS on metal foils or polymer foils
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/541CuInSe2 material PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Recrystallisation Techniques (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
AU2002334597A 2001-09-20 2002-09-18 Apparatus for the synthesis of layers, coatings or films Ceased AU2002334597B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/957,132 2001-09-20
US09/957,121 US6559372B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2001-09-20 Photovoltaic devices and compositions for use therein
US09/957,125 US6787012B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2001-09-20 Apparatus for the synthesis of layers, coatings or films
US09/957,125 2001-09-20
US09/957,123 US6881647B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2001-09-20 Synthesis of layers, coatings or films using templates
US09/957,132 US6500733B1 (en) 2001-09-20 2001-09-20 Synthesis of layers, coatings or films using precursor layer exerted pressure containment
US09/957,050 2001-09-20
US09/957,207 US6593213B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2001-09-20 Synthesis of layers, coatings or films using electrostatic fields
US09/957,123 2001-09-20
US09/957,121 2001-09-20
US09/957,207 2001-09-20
US09/957,050 US6736986B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2001-09-20 Chemical synthesis of layers, coatings or films using surfactants
PCT/US2002/029684 WO2003026028A2 (en) 2001-09-20 2002-09-18 Apparatus for the synthesis of layers, coatings or films

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
AU2002334597A1 AU2002334597A1 (en) 2003-06-05
AU2002334597B2 true AU2002334597B2 (en) 2005-12-22

Family

ID=27560353

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AU2002334597A Ceased AU2002334597B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2002-09-18 Apparatus for the synthesis of layers, coatings or films
AU2002326953A Abandoned AU2002326953A1 (en) 2001-09-20 2002-09-19 Synthesis of layers, coatings or films using pressure containment exerted on precursor layers
AU2002325038A Ceased AU2002325038B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2002-09-19 Photovoltaic devices and compositions for use therein

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AU2002326953A Abandoned AU2002326953A1 (en) 2001-09-20 2002-09-19 Synthesis of layers, coatings or films using pressure containment exerted on precursor layers
AU2002325038A Ceased AU2002325038B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2002-09-19 Photovoltaic devices and compositions for use therein

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (3) EP1476906A2 (de)
AU (3) AU2002334597B2 (de)
WO (6) WO2003026028A2 (de)
ZA (2) ZA200404979B (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7459187B2 (en) 2003-10-29 2008-12-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Surface-treatment method and equipment
US7767904B2 (en) 2006-01-12 2010-08-03 Heliovolt Corporation Compositions including controlled segregated phase domain structures
US20070160763A1 (en) * 2006-01-12 2007-07-12 Stanbery Billy J Methods of making controlled segregated phase domain structures
CA2637111C (en) * 2006-01-12 2013-02-26 Heliovolt Corporation Compositions including controlled segregated phase domain structures
US8034317B2 (en) 2007-06-18 2011-10-11 Heliovolt Corporation Assemblies of anisotropic nanoparticles
DE102008014824B4 (de) 2008-03-18 2014-07-10 Leonhard Kurz Stiftung & Co. Kg Dotierfolien und deren Verwendung
WO2011146115A1 (en) 2010-05-21 2011-11-24 Heliovolt Corporation Liquid precursor for deposition of copper selenide and method of preparing the same
US9142408B2 (en) 2010-08-16 2015-09-22 Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc Liquid precursor for deposition of indium selenide and method of preparing the same
US9105797B2 (en) 2012-05-31 2015-08-11 Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc Liquid precursor inks for deposition of In—Se, Ga—Se and In—Ga—Se

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0381509A1 (de) * 1989-02-02 1990-08-08 Alcan International Limited Verfahren zum Erzeugen von abgelösten mittels Dampf aufgebrachten Filmen
EP0989593A2 (de) * 1998-09-25 2000-03-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerteilung von Substrat und Substratherstellungverfahren

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5248621A (en) * 1990-10-23 1993-09-28 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for producing solar cell devices of crystalline material
DE4225385C2 (de) * 1992-07-31 1994-09-29 Siemens Solar Gmbh Verfahren zur kostengünstigen Herstellung einer Schicht eines ternären Verbindungshalbleiters
US5536354A (en) * 1993-04-23 1996-07-16 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Solid phase bonding method
US5477088A (en) * 1993-05-12 1995-12-19 Rockett; Angus A. Multi-phase back contacts for CIS solar cells
JP3571785B2 (ja) * 1993-12-28 2004-09-29 キヤノン株式会社 堆積膜形成方法及び堆積膜形成装置
DE4442824C1 (de) * 1994-12-01 1996-01-25 Siemens Ag Solarzelle mit Chalkopyrit-Absorberschicht
JP3244408B2 (ja) * 1995-09-13 2002-01-07 松下電器産業株式会社 薄膜太陽電池及びその製造方法
US5730852A (en) * 1995-09-25 1998-03-24 Davis, Joseph & Negley Preparation of cuxinygazsen (X=0-2, Y=0-2, Z=0-2, N=0-3) precursor films by electrodeposition for fabricating high efficiency solar cells
US6251754B1 (en) * 1997-05-09 2001-06-26 Denso Corporation Semiconductor substrate manufacturing method
US6316332B1 (en) * 1998-11-30 2001-11-13 Lo Yu-Hwa Method for joining wafers at a low temperature and low stress
US6190453B1 (en) * 1999-07-14 2001-02-20 Seh America, Inc. Growth of epitaxial semiconductor material with improved crystallographic properties

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0381509A1 (de) * 1989-02-02 1990-08-08 Alcan International Limited Verfahren zum Erzeugen von abgelösten mittels Dampf aufgebrachten Filmen
EP0989593A2 (de) * 1998-09-25 2000-03-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerteilung von Substrat und Substratherstellungverfahren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003026022A3 (en) 2003-11-20
EP1470594A2 (de) 2004-10-27
WO2003026026A2 (en) 2003-03-27
EP1476906A2 (de) 2004-11-17
WO2003026022A2 (en) 2003-03-27
WO2003026028A3 (en) 2003-12-18
AU2002326953A1 (en) 2003-04-01
AU2002325038B2 (en) 2006-03-09
WO2003026024A3 (en) 2003-12-31
WO2003026028A2 (en) 2003-03-27
ZA200404979B (en) 2005-07-27
WO2003026026A3 (en) 2003-12-18
EP1470593A2 (de) 2004-10-27
WO2003026025A2 (en) 2003-03-27
WO2003026023A2 (en) 2003-03-27
WO2003026025A3 (en) 2003-12-18
ZA200404981B (en) 2005-09-28
WO2003026023A3 (en) 2004-04-15
WO2003026024A2 (en) 2003-03-27

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NB Applications allowed - extensions of time section 223(2)

Free format text: THE TIME IN WHICH TO ENTER THE NATIONAL PHASE HAS BEEN EXTENDED TO 20 JUN 2004.

FGA Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent)
MK14 Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired