AU1495900A - Nutrient supplement - Google Patents

Description

P/00/011 Regulation 3.2

AUSTRALIA

Patents Act 1990

ORIGINAL

COMPLETE

SPECIFICATION

STANDARD

PATENT

Invention Title: NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT S*

A.

ft •t go• otoA r g eoee f ft f Applicant: MAXI-MINERALS PTY LTD and MALINDI PTY LTD The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me: 1 Document3 2 NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT The present invention relates to a phosphorous supplement, to a method of preparing a phosphorous supplement and to method of treating animals using the supplement.

It is common for grazing pastures or animal feeds to be deficient in phosphorous, particularly in arid regions. As phosphorous is important to animal health it is necessary that any significant deficiency in phosphorous be corrected.

Phosphorous deficiency in pastures can be corrected by the application 10 of phosphorous compounds. This however can be very costly particularly in arid regions where cattle are grazed over a large area and has the disadvantage that applications of phosphorous can lead to contamination of rivers and lakes with a potential to cause significant damage to the environment. To ensure the livestock are absorbing the required amount of phosphorous to overcome deficiencies, their in take needs to be supplemented with larger amount of elemental phosphorous. This in turn results in a higher cost to the grazier and the increased phosphorous excretion by livestock can **have the effect of polluting creeks and waterways. There have been proposals to supplement the phosphorous in an animal diet through the occasional use of feed blocks containing phosphorous however in many situations it is difficult to ensure that all animals are effectively treated.

There is a need for effective phosphorous supplement which can be used in a wide range of situation.

The present inventors have investigated the possibility of providing a supplement which enables phosphorous to be consumed by animals as part of their drinking water. The provision of compositions which enables soluble C:VMy Docments5iennle\species570465.doc 3 phosphates be consumed in an animals drinking water has not generally been feasible due to the poor solubility of phosphorous salts and the tendency of phosphorous salts to precipitate so that they are not readily bioavailable.

The inventors have now found that particular phosphate salts in the presence of a chelating agent provide a stable aqueous solution which can be effectively metered into the drinking water of animals to provide phosphorous supplementation under a wide range of conditions. Accordingly we provide a liquid phosphorous supplement composition including a calcium salt, ammonium phosphate, an alkaline metal phosphate and an acidic chelating 10 agent. The calcium salt may be calcium phosphate, calcium halide or, other go suitable salt or mixture thereof. Other suitable calcium salts are water soluble calcium salts. Calcium phosphate and calcium chloride are the most preferred.

S"The preferred alkaline metal phosphate is sodium phosphate.

The preferred chelating agent will form a stable chelating complexes with cationic metal species, carboxylic acid chelating agents, particularly two or more .i carboxylic acid groups are particularly preferred. Critic acid is the most preferred of the acid chelating agents.

The composition of the invention will generally include an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid, nitric acid or hydrochloric acid. Nitric acid and phosphoric acid are particularly preferred. It will be understood that when phosphoric acid is used it will contribute to the bio available phosphorous.

Generally the composition of the invention will contain water and have a pH of less than 7. Typically the pH will be in the range of from 1.5 to 4.

The phosphorous supplement of the invention contains calcium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and an alkaline metal phosphate, particularly sodium phosphate. Generally in a range of about 1 to 10% of the total of the C :WMy ocumentsleanniepeciesZ570465 .do phosphate compounds will be in the form of calcium salt such as calcium phosphate or calcium chloride. As ruminant absorption of calcium and phosphate are related the presence of calcium phosphate is particularly preferred. Although calcium phosphate has extremely poor water solubility and tends to precipitate when diluted in water of poor quality the composition of the invention provides a relatively high solubility and stability. Ammonium phosphate is important to maintaining the stability of the composition in concentrated and dilute form and it is generally preferred that the amount of ammonium phosphate is in the range of from 20 to 70% by weight of the total 10 weight of phosphate compounds. Sodium phosphate is preferably present in the range of about 20 to about 70% by weight of the total phosphate compounds.

S" The chelating agent present in the composition of the invention will generally include at least two carboxylic acid groups and citric acid is most preferred. The citric acid or other chelating acid is typically present in an amount of from 1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of o phosphate containing compounds.

The composition of the invention will generally contain an organic solvent to stabilise the concentrate composition. A range of solvents/carriers may be used however the inventor has found that glycol, polyglycol or polysacchorides such as corn syrup provide particular advantage. The most preferred solvent is propane diol (propylene glycol). The solvent/carrier is preferably present in an amount of from 10 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the phosphorus compounds and most preferably in the range of from 10 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of phosphate compounds.

C:VMy Documentsjeanniespecies%70465.doc The composition of the invention will typically also contain water in an amount of from 5 to 98% by weight of the total composition. It is preferred that the composition is prepared as a concentrate containing from 100 to 200g per litre of phosphorous.

Other additives may be present in the composition of the invention if desired. The use of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is particularly preferred as this vitamin indirectly controls the uptake of calcium and phosphate. Examples of other additives include boron, from any borax salt, preferably in an amount of from 0.1% to 10.0% and vitamin A (retinol) preferably in an amount of from 10 0.1% to 5.0% by weight. Boron in the form of any borax salt is believed to significantly improve the bioavailability of phosphorous and calcium in the composition.

One example of a particularly preferred composition of the invention S includes the following components and the amounts based on percent of the total dry components (ie components other than water) of the composition: from 1 to 5% by weight calcium salt; from 1 to 5% by weight of inorganic acid **from 15 to 60% by weight of ammonium phosphate; from 15 to 60% by weight of sodium phosphate; from 1 to 15% by weight of citric acid; and from 5 to 50% by weight of alkalene glycol.

The composition of the invention may be prepared by a range of processes. In a particularly preferred method for preparing the composition of the invention an aqueous composition of calcium salt is prepared by mixing calcium phosphate in an aqueous solution containing the inorganic acid and mixing the calcium phosphate solution with an aqueous solution containing C:AMy Oo enents eannieospedeS70465.doc 6 ammonium phosphate and sodium phosphate. The composition may then be acidified to provide a pH of about 2 to 5, preferably from 2 to 2.5 using citric acid. It is typically preferred to use purified water in preparing the composition in preparation of the aqueous solution of arnmonium phosphate and sodium S 5 phosphate may be conducted by adding ammonium phosphate to purified water at 60% and adding sodium phosphate and mixing to form a vortex until the solids are dissolved. The solvent such as propane diol is preferably added to the mixture of calcium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and sodium phosphate while each of the compositions is warm, preferably at a temperature of 30 to 500 and most preferably at about 400. When cholecalciferol is added to the composition it can be added after propane diol has been combined with the :i phosphates and is preferably added once the composition has been cooled to S"less than 35 0

C.

The phosphorous supplement of the invention may be metered into the drinking vessels used by animals at a rate suitable to provide a minimum of of the recommended daily elemental requirement for phosphorous. The composition of the invention may, for example, be diluted with from equal parts by weight to one part by weight with one million parts by weight water depending on the requirements. The rate of delivery to the drinking vessels can be controlled depending on the conditions such as the temperature, and the severity of the phosphorous deficiency. In the case of ruminants it is preferred that the composition be dosed into the drinking vessels to provide a dose rate of at least 50ml per animal per day of the composition of the invention.

The composition of the invention may be used in treating a range of animals but is particularly suited to treating livestock such as sheep, goats and cattle. Treatment of ruminant animals is particularly preferred.

C:WMy Documenls'jeannie'species\70465.doc 7 The invention will now be described with reference to the following example. It is to be understood that the example is provided nearly by way of illustration of the invention and that it is in no way limiting to the scope of the invention.

Example 1 A phosphorous supplement composition was prepared from the following components in the amounts by weight specified.

COMPONENT AMOUNT (Grams per litre) Calcium Phosphate 28.8 Azotic Acid (Nitric Acid) 25.8 Ammonium Phosphate 250 Sodium Phosphate 250 Citric Acid 25.8 Propane diol 150 Purified Water to 1 litre The composition was prepared by dissolving calcium phosphate into a vessel charged with ambient purified water and azotic acid. A separate subbatch of components was prepared by heating purified water to a temperature of 60 0 C and adding ammonium phosphate and sodium phosplhate in order with mixing it to provide a vortex until the components are dissolved. After the dissolution is occurred at about 600 the composition is allowed to cool to approximately 400 and the propane diol is then added. The propane diol is prewarmed before addition to about 40 0 The batches of dissolved calcium phosphate and dissolved ammonium and sodium phosphates are combined and mixed to provide a homogeneous composition. If vitamin D3 is to be added it is preferred to allow the temperature C:Wy Dowmentleannia~speci X570465.doc 8 of the composition to cool to less than 350 before the addition takes place.

Citric acid is then added to provide a pH of about 2 to The composition may be added to animal drinking water to provide the required dosage of phosphorous according to the water intake. Preferably the composition will provide a pH in the diluted drinking water of less than 7. The concentrate composition of the invention may be dispensed into animal drinking water to maintain the concentration in a controlled manner using commercially available equipment such as the NORPRIM dispenser available from Peart Rural Services Mitchell Queensland.

10 The water metering device used will preferably measure water flow, for example, via a paddle wheel flow meter and meters a predetermined quantity of 0.:0 concentrate into the water with a predetermined volume of drinking water. The S" composition will preferably be added at a concentration sufficient to provide at least 25% of the average daily allowance of phosphorous for the animal.

Administration via drinking water provides a more even predictable dose to .i animals and is less susceptible to variations in intake than feed supplements.

Example 2 A phosphorous supplement according to the invention was prepared by the method of claim 1 using the following components in the amounts specified: L Calcium Chloride Dihydrate 200 mg L Benzoic Acid BP 125g L Ammonium Phosphate 375g L Sodium Phosphate 115g L Phosphoric Acid 85% 25g L Citric Acid L Dehydrogenated Corn Syrup 30 mg L Cholocalciferol 100 KIU/g 2 mg L Copper Sulfate to 1 Litre Purified Water Calcium chloride was used as the calcium salt in place of calcium phosphate, phosphoric acid was used as the inorganic acid in place of nitric acid and corn syrup was used in place of propane diol as a solvent/carrier.

C:WMy Documents'jeanniespecies570465.doc 9 Copper sulphate has antifungal activity any benzoic acid has antibacterial activity.

Example 3 A phosphorous supplement according to the invention was prepared according to the method of claim 1 using the components in the amounts shown below: L Calcium Chloride Dihydrate 20 mg L Benzoic Acid BP 250g L Ammonium Phosphate 250g L Sodium Phosphate 105g L Phosphoric Acid 85% 25g L Citric Acid L Glucose 30 mg L Cholecalciferol 100 KIU/g 2 mg L Copper Sulfate to 1 Litre Purified Water 0* 0 15 Those skilled in the art will appreciate that there may be many variations and modifications of the configuration described herein which are within the 0s scope of the present invention.

0** C:\My Documents\jeanniespeciesl570465.doc

Claims (26)

1. A liquid phosphorous supplement composition including a calcium salt, ammonium phosphate, an alkaline metal phosphate and an acidic chelating agent.

2. A liquid supplement according to claim 1 wherein the water soluble calcium salt is calcium phosphate, calcium chloride or mixture thereof.

3. A liquid feed supplement according to claim 1 wherein the calcium salt is 10 calcium phosphate.

4. A phosphorous supplement according to claim 1 wherein the alkaline metal phosphate is sodium phosphate.

5. A phosphorous supplement according to any one of the previous claims wherein the chelating agent includes a carboxylic acid group.

6. A phosphorous supplement according to any one of claims 1 to wherein the chelating agent includes two or more carboxylic acid groups.

7. A phosphorous supplement according to claim 3 wherein the chelating agent is citric acid.

8. A phosphorous supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the composition further includes an inorganic acid. C:My Documentsjeannie'species\570465.doc 11

9. A phosphorous supplement according to claim 6 wherein the inorganic acid is selected from the group consisting of a nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and mixtures thereof.

10. A phosphorous supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 9 which contains water and has pH of less than 7.

11. A phosphorous supplement according to claim 10 wherein the pH is in the range of from 1.5 to 4.

12. A phosphorous supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein the calcium salt is present in an amount of from 1 to 10% by weight of "the phosphate compounds, the ammonium phosphate is present in an amount of from 20 to 70% by weight of the total weight of phosphate compounds and sodium phosphate is present in an amount of from 20 to 70% by weight of the total of phosphate compounds.

13. A phosphorous supplement according to claim 12 wherein the chelating agent is present in an amount of from 1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of phosphate compounds.

14. A phosphorous supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 13 further including an organic solvent selected from glycols and polyglycols.

15. A phosphorous supplement according to claim 12 wherein the organic solvent is propylene glycol. C:\My Documents5jeanniaspecies570465.doc

16. A phosphorous supplement according to claim 14 or claim 15 wherein the organic solvent is present in an amount of from 10 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of phosphate compounds.

17. A phosphorous supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 16 which contains water in an amount from 5 to 98% by weight of the total composition.

18. A phosphorous supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 17 10 further including one or more additions selected from the groups consisting of .:vitamin D3, boron and vitamin A.

19. A phosphorous supplement according to claim 18 including boron in the form of a borax salt.

20. A phosphorous supplement composition including the following 9** components in the amounts, based on total dry weight of: from 1 to 5% by weight calcium salt, from 1 to 5% by weight of inorganic acid, from 15 to 60% by weight ammonium phosphate, from 15 to 60% by weight sodium phosphate, from 1 to 15% by weight citric acid and from 5 to 50% by weight alkylene glycol.

21. A phosphorous supplement according to claim 20 wherein the calcium salt is calcium phosphate. C:My Documents\jeanniespeciesl570465.doc 13

22. A method of supplementing the phosphorous in take of livestock animals including adding the composition of any one of claims 1 to 21 to the drinking water of the animals at a rate suitable to provide at least 25% of the recommended daily requirements of the animals for phosphorous.

23. A method of supplementing the phosphorous in take of livestock animals including adding to the drinking water of the animals a dose of at least 50 ml of the composition of any one of claims 1 to 18 per animal per day. 10

24. A composition according to any one of the previous claims containing from 100 to 200g per litre of phosphorous. **o

25. A method of preparing a feed supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 21 including mixing calcium salt and an inorganic acid in an aqueous solution; mixing the calcium salt solution with an aqueous solution containing ammonium phosphate and sodium phosphate; and add citric acid to provide a t*o* pH in the range of from 2 to

26. A phosphorous supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 21 substantially as herein described with reference to the examples. DATED: 8 February, 2000 PHILLIPS ORMONDE FITZPATRICK Attorneys for: MAXI-MINERALS PTY LTD and MALINDI PTY LTD C:\My DocmentsVeanniespecies570465.doc