ATE123748T1 - Verfahren zur oxidation aliphatischer kohlenwasserstoffe in gegenwart eines festen heterogenen katalysators und katalysator. - Google Patents
Verfahren zur oxidation aliphatischer kohlenwasserstoffe in gegenwart eines festen heterogenen katalysators und katalysator.Info
- Publication number
- ATE123748T1 ATE123748T1 AT90201980T AT90201980T ATE123748T1 AT E123748 T1 ATE123748 T1 AT E123748T1 AT 90201980 T AT90201980 T AT 90201980T AT 90201980 T AT90201980 T AT 90201980T AT E123748 T1 ATE123748 T1 AT E123748T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- oxidation
- aliphatic hydrocarbons
- aliphatic hydrocarbon
- oxide
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- -1 butane Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/42—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor
- C07C5/48—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/42—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/28—Molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
- C03C14/004—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix the non-glass component being in the form of particles or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2214/00—Nature of the non-vitreous component
- C03C2214/04—Particles; Flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- C07C2521/04—Alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- C07C2521/08—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/10—Magnesium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
- C07C2523/04—Alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C07C2523/28—Molybdenum
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/383,107 US4973791A (en) | 1989-07-20 | 1989-07-20 | Process of oxidizing aliphatic hydrocarbons employing an alkali-promoted molybdate catalyst |
| US07/505,751 US5146031A (en) | 1989-07-20 | 1990-04-06 | Process of oxidizing aliphatic hydrocarbons employing a molybdate catalyst composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE123748T1 true ATE123748T1 (de) | 1995-06-15 |
Family
ID=27010048
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT90201980T ATE123748T1 (de) | 1989-07-20 | 1990-07-19 | Verfahren zur oxidation aliphatischer kohlenwasserstoffe in gegenwart eines festen heterogenen katalysators und katalysator. |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4973791A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0409355B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH0374335A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR0178978B1 (de) |
| CN (2) | CN1026099C (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE123748T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU633942B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR9003542A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2021573C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69020055T2 (de) |
| MX (1) | MX172821B (de) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4814545A (en) * | 1988-09-19 | 1989-03-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Process for removing impurities from an aromatic stream |
| US4973791A (en) * | 1989-07-20 | 1990-11-27 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process of oxidizing aliphatic hydrocarbons employing an alkali-promoted molybdate catalyst |
| US5258347A (en) * | 1989-07-20 | 1993-11-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process of oxidizing aliphatic hydrocarbons employing a molybdate catalyst composition |
| US5302773A (en) * | 1989-07-20 | 1994-04-12 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process of oxidizing aliphatic hydrocarbons employing a molybdate catalyst encapsulated in a hard, glassy silica matrix |
| WO1991006366A1 (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1991-05-16 | Dow Benelux N.V. | Supported catalyst, method for the preparation thereof, and use thereof for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons |
| US5276257A (en) * | 1992-07-09 | 1994-01-04 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for converting butadiene to styrene or ethylbenzene or both using catalysts containing molybdenum |
| US5733836A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1998-03-31 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Compositions comprising inorganic oxide and process for producing mercaptans |
| US6521808B1 (en) * | 2000-02-17 | 2003-02-18 | The Ohio State University | Preparation and use of a catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of lower alkanes |
| CN101081362B (zh) * | 2006-05-31 | 2010-09-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种含镁铝复合物的载体及其制备方法 |
| KR101419995B1 (ko) * | 2012-01-20 | 2014-07-15 | 삼성토탈 주식회사 | 노르말-부탄의 산화적 탈수소화 반응 촉매용 마그네시아-지르코니아 복합담체의 제조방법, 그에 의해 제조된 마그네시아-지르코니아 복합담체에 담지된 마그네슘 오르소바나데이트 촉매의 제조방법 및 상기 촉매를 이용한 노르말-부텐과 1,3-부타디엔의 제조방법 |
| JP2014177408A (ja) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-25 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 共役ジエンの製造方法 |
| KR102497673B1 (ko) * | 2015-03-18 | 2023-02-09 | 디아이씨 가부시끼가이샤 | 스피넬 입자 및 그 제조 방법 그리고 상기 스피넬 입자를 포함하는 조성물 및 성형물 |
| CN109415220B (zh) * | 2016-06-23 | 2021-06-18 | Dic株式会社 | 尖晶石颗粒及其制造方法、及包含前述尖晶石颗粒的组合物和成形物 |
| JP6965562B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-11 | 2021-11-10 | Dic株式会社 | スピネル粒子の製造方法、スピネル粒子、並びに前記スピネル粒子を含む樹脂組成物および成形物 |
| CN113209965B (zh) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-08-09 | 西南化工研究设计院有限公司 | 一种轻烷烃脱氢制烯烃的催化剂及其制备方法和用途 |
| CN115888681B (zh) * | 2022-12-23 | 2024-07-30 | 南京克米斯璀新能源科技有限公司 | 用于顺式间戊二烯异构为反式间戊二烯的催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (41)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2408146A (en) * | 1941-09-19 | 1946-09-24 | Jasco Inc | Dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons |
| US2666086A (en) * | 1949-11-14 | 1954-01-12 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Preparation of iron dehydrogenation catalysts |
| US3180903A (en) * | 1958-08-21 | 1965-04-27 | California Research Corp | Process of dehydrogenation with catalyst rejuvenation |
| US3119111A (en) * | 1961-02-13 | 1964-01-21 | Shell Oil Co | Oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes |
| US3488402A (en) * | 1967-05-18 | 1970-01-06 | Sinclair Research Inc | Dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons using dehydrogenation-oxidation catalyst system |
| US3642930A (en) * | 1968-12-30 | 1972-02-15 | Standard Oil Co Ohio | Process for the manufacture of isoprene from isoamylenes and methyl butanols and catalyst therefor |
| SU471781A1 (ru) * | 1969-12-15 | 1978-07-05 | Предприятие П/Я В-8585 | Способ получени диолефиновых углеводородов |
| US3678144A (en) * | 1970-06-12 | 1972-07-18 | Corning Glass Works | Silicate bodies containing coprecipitated oxides |
| JPS5118918B1 (de) * | 1970-10-02 | 1976-06-14 | ||
| US3769238A (en) * | 1970-10-09 | 1973-10-30 | Tauster S | Aromatization catalyst |
| US3867305A (en) * | 1971-10-26 | 1975-02-18 | Union Carbide Corp | Amorphous hydrocarbon conversion catalysts and process for preparing same |
| JPS5327710B2 (de) * | 1972-06-09 | 1978-08-10 | ||
| US3862256A (en) * | 1972-08-07 | 1975-01-21 | Anatoly Lvovich Isailingold | Method for preparing mono- and di-olefine hydrocarbons |
| US4172854A (en) * | 1974-07-01 | 1979-10-30 | Petro-Tex Chemical Corporation | Dehydrogenation process and catalyst |
| IN148558B (de) * | 1977-04-14 | 1981-04-04 | Shell Int Research | |
| CA1108114A (en) * | 1977-04-14 | 1981-09-01 | Gregor H. Riesser | Dehydrogenation catalyst |
| FR2411169A1 (fr) * | 1977-12-12 | 1979-07-06 | Shell France | Procede de deshydrogenation sans oxydation et composition catalytique pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
| US4309361A (en) * | 1977-12-20 | 1982-01-05 | Standard Oil Company | Ammoxidation of olefins with novel antimonate catalysts |
| US4170570A (en) * | 1978-01-03 | 1979-10-09 | Standard Oil Company (Ohio) | Process for preparing oxidation catalysts |
| US4229604A (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1980-10-21 | Tmenov Dzantemir N | Process for producing unsaturated hydrocarbons |
| US4250346A (en) * | 1980-04-14 | 1981-02-10 | Union Carbide Corporation | Low temperature oxydehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene |
| JPS56150023A (en) * | 1980-04-22 | 1981-11-20 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | Preparation of conjugated diolefin |
| US4629719A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1986-12-16 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Olefin disproportionation catalyst |
| DE3173077D1 (en) * | 1981-01-15 | 1986-01-09 | Ici Plc | Catalyst, catalyst support and oxychlorination process |
| US4388223A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1983-06-14 | Euteco Impianti S.P.A. | Catalyst for the conversion of unsaturated hydrocarbons into diolefins or unsaturated aldehydes and nitriles, and process for preparing the same |
| US4746753A (en) * | 1981-04-29 | 1988-05-24 | The Standard Oil Company | Preparation of acrylonitrile from propylene, oxygen and ammonia in the presence of an alkali metal promoted bismuth, cerium, molybdenum, tungsten catalyst |
| JPS5811041A (ja) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-01-21 | Nitto Chem Ind Co Ltd | アンチモン含有金属酸化物触媒の製法 |
| US4430517A (en) * | 1981-12-02 | 1984-02-07 | Uop Inc. | Dehydrogenation process using a catalytic composition |
| US4532083A (en) * | 1982-10-29 | 1985-07-30 | The Standard Oil Company | Multiply promoted Sn/Sb oxide catalysts |
| US4476245A (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1984-10-09 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Preparative process for alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinels |
| US4471070A (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1984-09-11 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Preparative process for alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinels |
| US4522937A (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1985-06-11 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Preparative process for alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinels |
| US4506032A (en) * | 1983-03-22 | 1985-03-19 | Uop Inc. | Dehydrogenation catalyst composition |
| US4547615A (en) * | 1983-06-16 | 1985-10-15 | Nippon Zeon Co. Ltd. | Process for producing conjugated diolefins |
| US4559320A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-12-17 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Catalysts for olefin conversions |
| US4596787A (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1986-06-24 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for preparing a supported catalyst for the oxydehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene |
| DE3521766A1 (de) * | 1985-06-19 | 1987-01-02 | Basf Ag | Wabenfoermiger katalysator, seiner herstellung und seine verwendung |
| US4790982A (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1988-12-13 | Katalistiks International, Inc. | Metal-containing spinel composition and process of using same |
| US4728635A (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1988-03-01 | Katalistiks International Inc. | Alkaline earth metal spinels and processes for making |
| US4797381A (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1989-01-10 | The Standard Oil Company | Preparation of abrasion resistant alumina-supported vanadium-antimony oxidic catalysts |
| US4973791A (en) * | 1989-07-20 | 1990-11-27 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process of oxidizing aliphatic hydrocarbons employing an alkali-promoted molybdate catalyst |
-
1989
- 1989-07-20 US US07/383,107 patent/US4973791A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-04-06 US US07/505,751 patent/US5146031A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-17 BR BR909003542A patent/BR9003542A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-07-19 EP EP90201980A patent/EP0409355B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-19 KR KR1019900010937A patent/KR0178978B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-19 AU AU59716/90A patent/AU633942B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-07-19 CN CN90104757A patent/CN1026099C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-19 DE DE69020055T patent/DE69020055T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-19 CA CA002021573A patent/CA2021573C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-19 AT AT90201980T patent/ATE123748T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-07-20 JP JP2192849A patent/JPH0374335A/ja active Pending
- 1990-07-20 MX MX021683A patent/MX172821B/es unknown
-
1993
- 1993-12-24 CN CN93121074A patent/CN1052172C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4973791A (en) | 1990-11-27 |
| CN1052172C (zh) | 2000-05-10 |
| CN1026099C (zh) | 1994-10-05 |
| AU5971690A (en) | 1991-01-24 |
| CA2021573A1 (en) | 1991-01-21 |
| CN1048843A (zh) | 1991-01-30 |
| US5146031A (en) | 1992-09-08 |
| KR0178978B1 (ko) | 1999-05-15 |
| CA2021573C (en) | 2000-11-07 |
| EP0409355A1 (de) | 1991-01-23 |
| BR9003542A (pt) | 1991-11-12 |
| MX172821B (es) | 1994-01-14 |
| DE69020055D1 (de) | 1995-07-20 |
| DE69020055T2 (de) | 1995-09-21 |
| JPH0374335A (ja) | 1991-03-28 |
| AU633942B2 (en) | 1993-02-11 |
| EP0409355B1 (de) | 1995-06-14 |
| KR910002743A (ko) | 1991-02-26 |
| CN1093948A (zh) | 1994-10-26 |
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