AT526286A1 - Filter device - Google Patents

Abstract

Filter device for plasticized molding compound, in particular plasticized plastic, with a filter body (3) and an adjusting body (4) movable relative to the filter body (3) between a first position (12) and a second position (13), wherein - in the first position ( 12) of the adjusting body (4) relative to the filter body (3) through channels (21, 23) in the filter body (3) and in the adjusting body (4), a first flow path (25) for the plasticized molding compound is defined, the first flow path (25 ) is designed so that the plasticized molding compound is filtered, and - in the second position (13) of the adjusting body (4) relative to the filter body (3) through channels (21, 23) in the filter body (3) and in the adjusting body (4) a second flow path (26) is defined for the plasticized molding compound, the second flow path (26) being designed such that the channels (21, 23) and/or a filter element (22) are at least partially flushed and/or backwashed.

Description

The present invention relates to a filter device for plasticized molding material, in particular plasticized plastic, with the features of the preamble of claim 1, a molding machine, a plasticizing unit and / or an injection unit with such a filter device, and a

Method for operating a filter device.

Molding machines can be understood as meaning injection molding machines, transfer presses, presses and the like. Molding machines in which the plasticized mass is fed to an open mold are also quite conceivable. The state of the art will be outlined below using an injection molding machine. The same applies generally to

forming machines.

It is known from the prior art to process contaminated plastics as the molding material to be plasticized. These plastics can be e.g. B. are recyclates, regrinds or agglomerates, which, for example, have a recycling or compound application

find use.

This topic is becoming more and more important, with the recycling of materials to be plasticized (e.g

thermoplastics) these can be used for a new use or a new area of application, thus creating a significant advantage in terms of environmental friendliness

becomes.

However, in order to feed such materials to be plasticized into an injection molding process, it is necessary to clean them, removing the contamination from the material to be plasticized

material must be removed.

For this cleaning or pre-cleaning of the materials to be plasticized, it is known that in a first step the contaminated material is plasticized by a continuously operating plasticizing unit and then through

Degassing processes and filter systems are cleaned.

After filtration and degassing, the plasticized material is again cooled and solidified, with the cleaned material usually being converted directly into a form that is easy to further process, such as

for example granules.

The granules produced from cleaned and degassed recycling material can then be used in an injection molding process in an injection molding machine

find.

However, the disadvantage of the known filter devices is that filter cleaning involves a lot of work, with the filter device - more precisely: the filter housing of the filter device - having to be opened in order to make the filter element accessible and to be able to clean it of contaminants or to replace it , after which the filter housing must then be closed again in order to

To provide filter device for the further process.

Especially when using recycled materials, where there is a higher level of contamination of the plasticized material, this results in quite long downtimes, whereby the process has to be interrupted again and again in order to achieve this

To remove impurities from the filter device.

Of course, this has a negative impact on the productivity of the process, which means that the use of recycled materials is not particularly beneficial for a user

attractively designed.

Furthermore, direct application in the injection molding process is uninteresting due to the long service life, as it is not profitable, especially in the injection molding process and the high quantities of material to be plasticized per unit of time

appears.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a filter device and a method for operating a filter device in which the disadvantages of the prior art can be at least partially improved and/or a more energy-efficient recycling of material to be plasticized can be implemented and/or a more energy-efficient cleaning of material to be plasticized is possible and/or direct processing of material to be cleaned, to be plasticized is made possible and/or a more continuous, faster or more energy-saving option for filtration of plasticized molding material

is pictured.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a filter device for plasticized molding material, in particular plasticized plastic, with the features of claim 1, a shaping machine, a plasticizing unit and / or an injection unit with such a filter device, and a method for operating a filter device with the

Features of claim 11 solved.

According to the invention, it is provided that a filter device for plasticized molding material, in particular plasticized plastic, with a filter body and an adjusting body that is movable relative to the filter body between a first position and a second position, wherein

- in the first position of the adjusting body relative to

Filter body through channels in the filter body and in the adjusting body

a first flow path is defined for the plasticized molding compound, the first flow path being designed such that the plasticized molding compound is filtered, and

- In the second position of the adjusting body relative to the filter body, a second flow path for the plasticized molding compound is defined by channels in the filter body and in the adjusting body, the second flow path being designed such that the channels and / or a filter element are at least partially

be rinsed and/or backwashed.

Consequently, the possibility is created to automatically, efficiently and quickly flush and/or backwash a filter device in order to pass through the filter element when it is installed

To be able to clean contaminants very quickly.

This means that it is no longer necessary to laboriously remove a filter housing by hand, for example by loosening it

Screw connections need to be opened to access a filter element.

This quick and easy way to clean the filter device allows the downtime for filter cleaning to be reduced enormously, which also increases productivity

increase energy efficiency.

The use of a recycled material is therefore much more attractive for a user, which can also increase the use of recycled materials

environmental relief can be created.

Furthermore, the possibility is created to quickly and effectively clean plasticized molding compound by the filter device in an injection molding machine before injecting it into a mold, with even very high masses of plasticized mass being cleaned by the filter device

can be cleaned without long interruptions in operation

the filter device has to be accepted, which means that the filter device can be used in an injection molding machine

is made possible.

Such use in an injection molding machine in turn makes it possible to feed recycled material directly to an injection molding machine and eliminates the need for a two-stage process for cleaning and subsequent processing, which also creates an advantage in terms of energy efficiency

becomes.

By filtering the plasticized molding compound directly in the molding process, the steps described above (such as the production of granules) can be saved, which is obviously a significant improvement in terms of

which represents complexity and economic efficiency.

A corresponding application of an embodiment variant of the present invention in a recycling and/or compound application can therefore also be made significantly more attractive for a user, with the production costs and production effort being minimized, thereby increasing environmental friendliness (through increased use).

can.

As mentioned, a filter device according to the invention can also be used in already known embodiment variants of the prior art, as described, for example, in the introduction to the description

be installed subsequently.

Molding machines can be understood as meaning injection molding machines, transfer presses, presses and the like. Also molding machines in which the plasticized mass is...

is fed to an open mold are certainly conceivable.

For the purposes of the present document, filtration and/or filtering of a plasticized molding compound can be understood to mean that foreign substances present in a plasticized molding compound are dissolved, removed, removed and/or deposited, preferably mechanically, at least partially from the plasticized molding compound. So this can also

Include separation processes.

Advantageous embodiments are based on the dependent

Claims defined.

Preferably, it can be provided that a further adjusting body is provided, which is between a third position and a fourth position relative to the filter body and the adjusting body

Position is movable.

It can be provided that a third flow path for the plasticized molding compound is defined through channels in the adjusting body, in the filter body and in the further adjusting body in the fourth position, the third flow path being designed such that the channels are at least partially flushed and/or backwashed

and/or filtered molding material is filtered.

In the third position of the further adjusting body can be preferred

the first flow path and the second flow path can be realized.

Preferably, it can be provided that the adjusting body or the further adjusting body is rotatably connected to the filter body about an axis of rotation, with rotation of the adjusting body relative to the filter body between the first position and the second position and / or the third position

and the fourth position can be changed.

7733

Alternatively or additionally, it can also be provided that the adjusting body and/or the further adjusting body are at least partially displaceable along a linear axis, with a partially linear displacement of the adjusting body and/or the further adjusting body relative to the filter body between the first position and the second position and/or

the third position and the fourth position can be confused.

It can be provided that the adjusting body has at least two channels, preferably control contours, which are designed to divert the flow path differently when changing between the first position and the second position and / or the further adjusting body has at least two channels, preferably control contours , which are designed to when changing between the third position and the

fourth position to redirect the flow path differently.

The at least two channels of the adjusting body and/or the further adjusting body, preferably the control contours, can, for example, through holes in the adjusting body and/or the

another adjusting body can be formed.

It can preferably be provided that the valve body has at least one filter component - preferably a plurality of filter components - which have a plurality of channels, whereby divided flow paths through the

Filter device can be implemented.

A filter component can, for example, be formed by channels which have a correspondingly small dimension, so that impurities, solids and/or other contaminants are filtered out of the plasticized molding compound

can be.

A size and/or a cross-sectional area of channels which are designed to filter the plasticized molding compound can, for example, depend on the product requirements, wall thicknesses of the product or the smallest dimension of the cross-section which is required during the production of the product

plastic flows through.

Preferably, it can be provided that a circular cross-sectional area equivalent to one area of channels, which are designed for filtering the plasticized molding compound,

have a maximum diameter of 1.5 mm.

Filter components are also conceivable which also contain porous materials which are suitable for filtering

plasticized molding compound.

It can be provided that the filter body has at least two filter components, the at least two filter components being arranged concentrically one inside the other and preferably the channels at least partially between the

at least two filter components are formed.

Preferably, it can be provided that at least preferably exactly - a feed opening into the filter device for the plasticized molding compound and at least - preferably exactly - a discharge opening from the filter device is provided, wherein the first flow path and the second flow path and optionally the third flow path from the at least one

Lead the feed opening to at least one discharge opening.

An embodiment with a feed opening and a discharge opening has the particular advantage that an arrangement of the filter device in a system can be kept constant, so that the connections of the filter device for a

No backwashing and/or cleaning of the filter device

must be solved and, if necessary, reconnected differently, but this backwashing and/or cleaning can only be carried out by internally adjusting the filter device, without structural changes to the system

have to do.

Furthermore, protection is sought for a procedure for operation

a filter device, in particular one according to the invention

Filter device, for plasticized molding material, in particular

plasticized plastic, whereby

- the plasticized molding compound is filtered in a first position of an adjusting body relative to a filter body via channels and / or a filter element, and

- The channels and/or the filter element in the adjusting body and/or in the filter body are at least partially flushed and/or in a second position of the adjusting body relative to the filter body

be backwashed.

Further advantages and details of the invention emerge from

the figures and the corresponding description of the figures. Included

shows:

1 shows a longitudinal section through a first exemplary embodiment of a filter device,

Fig. 2 shows the section marked in Fig. 1 through the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 1,

3 shows a filter component of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 in isolation,

Fig. 4 shows the detail marked in Fig. 3,

5 shows a first flow path,

6 shows a second flow path,

7 shows a third flow path,

Fig. 8 shows an embodiment variant of a shaping machine

a filter device, and

10733

Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment variant

Shaping machine with a filter device.

The exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a filter device 1 along the axis of symmetry 6

Filter device 1.

The section AA marked in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG.

The filter device 1 of FIG. 1 has a filter housing 17, which has the two filter housing covers 16 and 18

is closed.

The filter housing covers 16, 18 are connected to the filter housing 17 using screw connections (for reasons of

Not shown for clarity).

These screw connections find their place in the fastening holes 20, which lead through the filter housing covers 16, 18 and the filter housing 17.

Inside the filter housing 17 is the filter body 3

arranged.

The filter body 3 of this exemplary embodiment consists of several filter components 7, 8, 9, which are concentric

are arranged to each other. Between the filter components 7, 8, 9 are formed

corresponding recesses in the filter components 7, 8, 9

Channels 21, 22, 23.

11733

An adjusting body 4, 5 is arranged at each end of the filter body 3, through which adjusting bodies 4, 5 a flow path of a plasticized molding compound is defined through the filter body 3

becomes.

The first filter housing cover 18 has a feed opening 10 through which plasticized molding compound of the filter device

1 can be supplied.

Following the feed opening 10, the plasticized molding compound is passed to the adjusting body 4, which adjusting body 4

the plasticized molding compound is introduced into the filter body 3.

After passing through the plasticized molding compound of the filter body 3, the plasticized molding compound reaches the further adjusting body 5, which directs the plasticized molding compound to the discharge opening 11 of the second filter housing cover 16 and

thus removed from the filter device 1.

The adjusting bodies 4, 5 are rotatable about the axis of rotation 6 im

Filter housing 17 stored.

2, the filter housing cover 17 has actuator openings 19, whereby a rotational position of the adjusting body 4 is achieved via engaging actuators in the actuator openings 19

can be changed or saved.

Such actuators, which engage in the actuator openings 19, can be, for example, adjusting rods of a hydraulic or pneumatic actuator or simply through bolts engaging in the actuator opening 19

and/or screws.

Through these actuators, which go into the actuator openings 19

intervene, the adjusting body can switch between a first position

12 and a second position 13 are moved, whereby

- in a first position 12 of the adjusting body 4 relative to the filter body 3 through channels 21, 23 in the filter body 3 and in the adjusting body 4, a first flow path 25 for the plasticized molding compound is defined, the first flow path 25 being designed such that plasticized molding compound is filtered , and

- in a second position 13 of the adjusting body 4 relative to the filter body 3, a second flow path 26 for the plasticized molding compound is defined by channels 21, 23 in the filter body 3 and in the adjusting body 4, the second flow path 26 being designed such that the channels 21, 23 and/or a filter element 22 at least partially rinsed and/or

is backwashed.

The further adjusting body 5 can also be moved via the actuator openings 19 between a third position 14 and a fourth position 15, with preferably a third flow path 27 of the plasticized molding compound through the adjusting bodies 4, 5 and the

Filter body 3 can be implemented.

Regarding the explanation of the first flow path 25, the second flow path 26 and the third flow path 27, please refer to Figures 5

referred to until 7.

Fig. 3 shows the filter component 7 of the filter body 3 from Fig. 1 in isolation, with the detail X indicated in Fig. 3 through

4 is shown.

So in Fig. 4 a flow path (a first flow path 25) through the filter body 3 - more precisely: the filter component 7 can be seen, with the plasticized via the adjusting body 4

Molding compound is introduced into the (feed) channels 21, which

are closed at an opposite end by the further actuating body 5, so that plasticized molding compound is forced to pass through the (filter) channels 22, which act as

Filter element serves to pass into the (discharge) channels 23.

Due to the geometrically small design of the (filter) channels 22, the plasticized molding compound is filtered, with particles, impurities or suspended matter carried in the plasticized molding compound not being able to pass through the (filter) channels 22 and thus into the (supply)

Channels 21 remain.

However, it is also conceivable that with a certain size and a certain pressure of the plasticized molding compound and the impurities carried therein, these end up in the (filter)

Deposit in channels 22 or clog them.

After penetrating the (filter) channels 22, the filtered, plasticized molding material is passed out of the filter device via the (removal) channels 23 and the further adjusting body 4

(e.g. spraying out into the open).

Such a first flow path 25 just described is

shown by Fig. 5.

Here, the adjusting body 4 is in a first position 12 in order to move the plasticized molding compound over the control contours 24

to the (supply) channels 21 of the filter body 3.

Since the (supply) channels 21 are closed at an end facing away from the adjusting body 4 by the further (second) adjusting body 5, which is in a third position 14, the plasticized molding compound is passed through the (filter) channels 22, which serve as a filter element, pushed and reach the

(Removal) channels 23 through which the plasticized molding compound

via the further adjusting body 5 and its control contours 24

Filter body 3 can leave.

If there is now too much contamination and/or occupancy of the filter device 1, the (first) actuating body 4 can be inserted

a second position 13 can be transferred.

A filter laying or occupancy can be determined, for example, by measuring in the flow direction of the plasticized molding material before and after the filter device 1 using sensors

a characteristic signal is detected.

An exemplary sensor system for this would be pressure sensors, with a pressure in front of the filter device 1 and a pressure after the filter device 1 in the flow direction of the plasticized molding material being used for the filter occupancy and/or installation

cCharacteristic signal can be detected.

A pressure gradient and/or pressure difference is preferably used, with the filter device 1 being flushed if the pressure gradient and/or pressure difference becomes too high

is carried out.

However, other sensors are also conceivable, such as optical, rheological or even

Temperature sensors.

For example, it can also be provided that a control or regulating unit 28 is provided, which is designed to generate a characteristic signal for the filter operation and/or -

to determine and monitor installation.

The control or regulating unit 28 can be designed so that - if this characteristic signal has a predeterminable

Threshold value is reached and/or exceeded - a backwash

or flushing of the filter device 1 by using actuators to set the position of the adjusting body 4 and/or the

another adjusting body 5 is changed.

If the further adjusting body 5 is now moved into a fourth position 14, while the adjusting body 4 is still in a first position 12 (as shown by FIG. 6),

which results in a third flow path 27.

Through the third flow path 27, the plasticized molding material can escape directly from the (supply) channels 21 out of the filter body 3, whereby the direct flow through the (supply) channel 21 is flushed through the (supply) channel 21 and deposited contaminants are removed from the (feed) channel 21

can be rinsed out.

This contaminated, plasticized molding compound can subsequently be flushed out of the system into the filter device 1 or, for example, further processed into a molded part in a subsequent molding process, with the contaminated

Molded part can be removed from the batch.

In a further step, the adjusting body 4 can now also be transferred from a first position 12 to a second position 13, which results in a second flow path 26, as shown by

7 shown.

The result of this is that plasticized molding material is first introduced into the (removal) channels 23, from the (removal) channels 23 via the (filter) channels 22 into the (supply) channels 21, from which ( Supply) channels 21, the plasticized molding compound in turn via the further adjusting body

5 can leave the filter body 3.

Through such a procedure, as shown in FIG. 7, the filter body 3 is completely flushed in an opposite direction compared to FIG. 5, with deposits and blockages being flushed out of all channels 21, 22, 23

can.

8 shows a shaping machine 2 with a filter device 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the figures

1l to 7.

The molding machine 2 shown as an example in FIG. 8 is an injection molding machine and has an injection unit 29 and a clamping unit 30, which are mounted together on one

Machine frame 32 are arranged.

The machine frame 32 could alternatively also be in several parts

be trained.

The clamping unit 30 has a fixed mold platen 31, a movable mold platen 34 and an end plate 33

on.

The movable mold platen 34 is connected via a symbolically represented drive 36 (for example a

Toggle lever mechanism) can be moved relative to the machine frame 29.

Mold halves of a mold 37 can be attached to the fixed mold platen 33 and the movable mold platen 34

be clamped or assembled (shown in dashed lines).

The fixed mold platen 33, the movable one

Mold platen 34 and the end plate 35 are in relation to each other

stored and guided by the spars 38.

17733

The mold 37 shown closed in FIG. 8 has at least one cavity. An injection channel leads to the cavity, through which a plasticized mass of the

Plasticizing unit 31 can be supplied.

The injection unit 29 of this exemplary embodiment has a mass cylinder 39 and a mass cylinder 39 arranged in the mass cylinder

plasticizing screw. This plasticizing screw can be rotated about an axis of rotation and axially along the axis of rotation

Conveying direction movable.

These movements are driven via a drive unit 40 shown schematically. This drive unit 40 preferably includes a rotary drive for the rotary movement and

a linear drive for the axial injection movement.

The plasticizing unit 31 (and thus the injection unit 29) is in signal connection with a control or regulating unit 28. From the control or regulating unit 28, control commands are sent, for example, to the plasticizing unit

31 and/or the drive unit 40 output.

The control or regulating unit 28 can be connected to an operating unit and/or a display device 41 or

be an integral part of such a control unit.

It can be provided that the control or regulating unit 28 of the shaping machine 2 at least partially takes over the function of the control or regulating device 28 of the plasticizing unit 31, the injection unit 29 and / or the closing unit 30, is designed as this or else

is independent of this and/or implemented separately.

A filter device 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of

Figures 1 to 7 can be used in a shaping machine 2, as shown by

8, between the injection unit 29 (and thus also the plasticizing unit 31) and the molding tool 37, the plasticized molding compound being driven through the injection unit 29 through the filter device 1 in each injection cycle and subsequently into that

Mold 37 is introduced. A molding machine 2 (injection molding machine) as shown in FIG. 8, in which the plasticization and

Injection is implemented by a common unit.

In contrast to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 8,

Locking unit 30 of FIG. 9 is designed without a tiebar.

Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 9 the

Filter device 1 arranged in the mass cylinder 39.

The remaining features of FIG. 9 correspond to

Essentially those of Fig. 8.

List of reference symbols:

1 filter device

2 shaping machine 3 filter body

4 actuators

5 Additional actuator 6 Rotary axis

7 filter component

8 filter component

9 filter component

10 feed opening

11 discharge opening

12 First position of the actuator

13 Second position of the actuator

14 Third position of the second adjusting body 15 Fourth position of the second adjusting body 16 Filter housing cover

17 filter housing

18 filter housing cover

19 actuator openings

20 mounting hole

21 (feed) channel

22 (filter) channel / filter element 23 (drain) channel

24 control contour

25 First flow path

26 Second flow path

27 Third flow path

28 Control or regulating device 29 Injection unit

30 locking unit

31 plasticizing unit

32 machine frames

33 Fixed mold platen

34 Movable mold platen 35 End plate

36 drive

37 molding tool

38 spars

39 mass cylinders

40 drive unit

41 control unit and/or display device

Innsbruck, July 12, 2022

Claims (1)

Patent claims: Filter device for plasticized molding material, in particular plasticized plastic, with a filter body (3) and one relative to the filter body (3) between a first Position (12) and a second position (13) movable Adjusting body (4), where - in the first position (12) of the adjusting body (4) relative to the filter body (3) a first flow path (25) for the plasticized molding compound is defined by channels (21, 23) in the filter body (3) and in the adjusting body (4), wherein the first flow path (25) is designed such that the plasticized molding material is filtered, and - in the second position (13) of the adjusting body (4) relative to the filter body (3) a second flow path (26) for the plasticized molding compound is defined by channels (21, 23) in the filter body (3) and in the adjusting body (4), wherein the second flow path (26) is designed such that the channels (21, 23) and / or a filter element (22) at least partially rinsed and/or backwashed. Filter device according to claim 1, wherein a further adjusting body (5) is provided, which is between a third position (14) and a fourth position (15) relative to the filter body (3) and the adjusting body (4). is movable. Filter device according to claim 2, wherein a third flow path (27) for the plasticized molding compound is defined in the fourth position (15) by channels (21, 23) in the adjusting body (4), in the filter body (3) and in the further adjusting body (5). , wherein the third flow path (27) is designed so that the channels (21, 23) are at least partially flushed and/or backwashed and/or plasticized molding compound filtered become. Filter device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the adjusting body (4) and/or the further adjusting body (5) is rotatably connected to the filter body (3) about an axis of rotation (6), with rotation of the adjusting body (4) relative to the Filter body (4) between the first position (12) and the second position (13) and/or the third position (14) and the fourth position (15) is changeable. Filter device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the adjusting body (4) has at least two channels, preferably control contours (24), which are designed to change the flow path when changing between the first position (12) and the second position (13). to redirect differently and / or wherein the further adjusting body (5) has at least two channels, preferably control contours (24), which are designed to change the flow path differently when changing between the third position (14) and the fourth position (15). to redirect. Filter device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the filter body (3) has at least one filter component (7) - preferably a plurality of filter components (7, 8, 9) - which has a plurality of channels (21, 23), whereby divided flow paths the Filter device (1) can be implemented. Filter device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the filter body (3) has at least two filter components (7, 8), the at least two Filter components (7, 8) arranged concentrically one inside the other 11. 3 are and preferably the channels (22, 24) at least between the at least two filter components ( are formed. 092906 32/28 st partially /, 8th) Filter device at least one of the preceding Claims, wherein at least - preferably exactly - feed opening (10) into the filter device (1) plasticized molding compound and at least - preferred — one for them wise exactly —- a discharge opening (11) from the filter device (1) is provided, the first flow path (25) and the second Flow path (26) - and optionally the third flow path (27) —- from the at least one feed opening (10) to at least one Guide the discharge opening (11). Plasticizing and/or injection unit with at least one Mass cylinder and one arranged in at least one mass - plasticizing screw and / or injection piston, an injection screw, and cylinder preferably - Filter device according to at least one of the preceding Expectations. Shaping machine, especially injection molding machine a filter device (1) according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8. Method for operating a filter device, in particular a filter device (1) according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8, for plasticized molding compound, plasticized plastic, wherein - the plasticized molding compound in a first (12) of an adjusting body (4) relative to one in particular position Filter body (3) via channels (21, 23) and/or a filter element (22) is filtered and —- the channels (21, 23) and/or the filter element (22) in the adjusting body (4) and/or in the filter body (3) at least partially in a second position (13) of the adjusting body (4) relative to the filter body (4). rinsed and/or be backwashed. Innsbruck, July 12, 2022 24/33