AT524671B1 - cutting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cutting tool (1) for machining a workpiece using the whirling process and comprising a base body (2), a plurality of cutting teeth (3) and a plurality of chip receiving spaces (4) between the cutting teeth (3). Starting from the base body (2), the cutting teeth (3) protrude in the direction of a central longitudinal axis (8). Each of the cutting teeth (3) has a first and second end face (15, 16), with at least a partial section of at least one of the end faces (15, 16) being separated from the cutting teeth (3) that are immediately adjacent, starting from one of the side faces (6 , 7; 11, 12) rising in the direction of the opposite side surface (7, 6; 12, 11), at an angle of inclination (20). A sloping end face (19) is defined by the end face (15, 16), which is designed to be increasingly inclined, which forms a deflection surface for the chips to be removed from the workpiece to be machined.

Description

ren.

The cutting of round materials such. B. from tubes or a rod material, is generally done by sawing. Depending on the cutting process, a distinction is made between circular saw blades and linear saw blades. The circular saw blades have external teeth with a large number of cutting teeth distributed over the circumference, by means of which the cutting or separating process is carried out on the workpiece, which is usually held stationary. The chips formed when removing the material from the individual cutting teeth are transported away from the workpiece and thus outwards from the cutting teeth during the course of the turning process or the linear movement of the linear saw blade.

ported.

EP2444187B1 has disclosed a vortex separating device for use in flying saws, with a tool holder and an annular vortex tool held by the latter. The ring-shaped whirling tool is formed from at least two ring segments, which are provided with a positioning device on their side facing the tool holder, which corresponds to a positioning device arranged on the tool holder. At least two ring segments each have at least one chip chamber for chip removal. For this purpose, the individual chips in the slot arranged running in the radial direction must reach the chip chamber spaced at a greater distance from the respective cutting edge. There-

Depending on the shape and formation of the chips, there may be an unintentional shifting

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for cleaning purposes.

EP0490328B1 describes a method for machining round material or the like using the whirling method. The whirling process is a metal-cutting manufacturing process in which the cutting tool circles the workpiece on the outside in the manner of a spiral whirl and the individual cutting teeth are arranged on the inside, projecting in the direction of the longitudinal axis. The cutting depth and thus the chip thickness are produced in one operation by several cutting teeth rotating at high cutting speeds. The inner lateral surface formed by the cutting tool with the so-called cutting circle diameter rolls off on the cylindrical outer lateral surface of the workpiece to be machined. This movement process is superimposed on the constantly circling movement of the cutting tool. The individual cutting teeth can be fitted with hard metal plates, with a chip receiving space being formed in front of each cutting tooth, viewed in the direction of rotation. The disadvantage here is that there can be increased accumulations of chips in the individual chip receiving spaces, which subsequently lead to interruptions.

changes and disruptions in the production process.

The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a cutting tool with which a user is able to carry out perfect and, above all, trouble-free cutting processes over a longer period of time. In addition, a directed chip removal from the cutting area should also be created.

the. This object is solved by the cutting tool according to the claims.

The cutting tool according to the invention is designed and included for chip-removing machining on a workpiece, in particular on bar or tube material, using the whirling process

- A base body, which base body is formed in the shape of a circular ring

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- a plurality of cutting teeth, which cutting teeth protrude from the base body in the direction of the central longitudinal axis and are arranged at a distance from one another in the circumferential direction, and the cutting teeth each define at least one cutting edge on their cutting tooth head, each of the cutting teeth having a first side surface and a second side surface, and

- a plurality of chip receiving spaces, which chip receiving spaces are each arranged or formed in the circumferential direction between immediately adjacent cutting teeth, and each of the chip receiving spaces is defined at least in sections by a first end face and a second end face of the two immediately adjacent cutting teeth, with further provision being made

- that at least a partial section of at least one of the end faces of the immediately adjacent cutting teeth, starting from one of the side faces in the direction of the opposite side face, is designed to run inclined at an angle of inclination, and

- that of the at least one end face designed to be increasingly inclined, a sloping end face is defined, which sloping end face forms a deflection surface for the chips to be removed from the workpiece to be machined.

The advantage achieved in this way is that the at least one oblique end face designed to run inclined at the angle of inclination achieves a directed deflection and deflection of the chips produced during the chip-removing machining, depending on the direction of inclination. In this way, the chips from each cutting tooth currently in cutting engagement are separated from the cutting edge located in the respective cutting tooth head and

then get further into the respective chip receiving spaces. through the

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the.

Faster and more efficient chip ejection is achieved by the beveled end face forming a chamfer. As a result, the individual chips are no longer pulled along and do not get stuck in the cutting slot or cutting channel. This subsequently leads to reduced friction and also eliminates it

the otherwise occurring flying sparks almost entirely.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if a transition section is provided between the first end face and the second end face of the immediately adjacent cutting teeth and the transition section has a concavely curved longitudinal profile as seen in the direction of the central longitudinal axis. By providing and forming a transition section that connects the two end faces with one another and that does not extend or only slightly into the base body, the distance from the respective cutting edge to the concave transition section can be relatively short.

will hold.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the first end face, the transition section and the second end face are each directly

bar adjacent cutting teeth continuously and without interruption

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will.

Another possible embodiment has the features that the sloping end face is continuous in the concave transition section and also extends along the first end face at least in a first section and along the second end face at least in a second section in the direction of the cutting tooth heads extends from the immediately adjacent cutting teeth. Due to the almost complete arrangement or formation of the sloping end face along each chip receiving space, the directed deflection effect of the chips can lead to an over-

predominant share can be achieved with certainty.

A further embodiment provides that the oblique end face on the first end face and the oblique end face on the second end face each end at a distance from the respective cutting edge of the respective immediately adjacent cutting teeth. This means that the tooth strength in the area of the individual

n tooth tips can be maintained unchanged.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the oblique end face ends at a distance in front of the opposite side face. In this way, a sharp-edged or blade-like transition between the oblique end face and the respective side face can be avoided. In addition, the transition from the chamfer surface to the opposite side surface

che can also be rounded off.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the angle of inclination originates from an angle of inclination value range whose lower limit is 10°, in particular 20°, and whose upper limit is 85°, in particular 70°. Depending on the choice of the angle of inclination, the deflection effect and the associated ejection direction of the chips can be determined and depending on the application

and adjusted as needed.

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the.

Another alternative embodiment is characterized in that adjoining the oblique end face on the first end face and also adjoining the oblique end face on the second end face of the immediately adjacent cutting teeth each have their own partial section of the first end face and their own partial section the second end surface between the first side surface and the second side surface of the cutting teeth has a parallel alignment with respect to the central longitudinal axis. In this way, the stability can be maintained in the head area of the cutting teeth and, moreover, the attachment and holding of the hard metal plates can also be made easier

will.

Another possible and optionally alternative embodiment has the feature that the base body and the cutting teeth are designed in one piece. A compact unit can thus be achieved for each of the cutting tools and a narrow tolerance range, based on the concentricity and axial runout, between

the individual cutting teeth are maintained.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the base body is formed from a plurality of base body segments and the individual base body segments are arranged one behind the other in the circumferential direction. In this way, direct vibration transmission can be minimized over the circumference. In addition, if a section of the cutting tool is damaged, only one or two segments need to be replaced and the entire cutting tool is not unusable or does not have to be subjected to a lengthy overhaul

will.

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NEN hard metal elements can be achieved.

Another possible embodiment has the feature that the hard metal element is releasably attached to the cutting tooth if necessary. That's how easy one can be

Replacement of individual cutting teeth can be realized and carried out.

A further embodiment provides that the hard metal element has a width in the direction of the central longitudinal axis which is at least greater than a thickness of the cutting tooth and possibly also greater than the base body thickness of the base body in the same direction. This results in a cutting width in the tool that is larger than the thickness of the cutting tooth and/or the base body.

piece trained.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the hard metal element protrudes on both sides over the first and second side surface of the cutting tooth in the direction of the central longitudinal axis in directions facing away from one another. This free space creates a gap on both sides, which prevents the friction effect and also improves

Sere heat dissipation is made possible.

For a better understanding of the invention, this is based on the following

Figures explained in more detail. They each show in a greatly simplified, schematic representation:

Fig. 1 shows a cutting tool with its base body, the cutting teeth with the chip receiving spaces located in between, in perspective

pictorial representation;

FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the cutting tool according to FIG. 1, in diagrammatic form

enlarged view;

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sectioned according to the lines III-III in Fig. 2.

As an introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numbers or the same component designations, it being possible for the disclosures contained throughout the description to be applied to the same parts with the same reference numbers or the same component designations. The position information selected in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., is related to the figure directly described and shown and these position

information to be transferred to the new position in the event of a change in position.

In the following, the term "in particular" is understood to mean that it can involve a possible more specific design or more detailed specification of an object or a method step, but not necessarily a mandatory, preferred embodiment of the same or a mandatory requirement.

must represent.

As used herein, the terms “comprising,” “comprises,” “having,” “includes,” “including,” “includes,” “containing,” and any

Variations on this cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

1 to 3 show a possible embodiment of a cutting tool 1, which is designed in the form of a saw blade, but in which the cutting or removal process in or on the material to be processed does not take place on the outside, but in that area which the Axis of rotation of the cutting tool 1 is facing - so lying on the inside. The cutting tool 1 is used to machine the respective workpiece to be produced, in particular bar or tube material, using the so-called whirling process. This allows sections to be quickly cut off or cut to length, e.g

and/or scoring can be achieved.

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Arranged vortex cutting machine on a tool carrier and fixed there.

The cutting tool 1 in turn comprises a base body 2 and, starting from this, a plurality or multiplicity of cutting teeth 3 arranged in a projecting manner.

arranged cutting teeth 3 is a chip receiving space 4 or arranged

educated.

The base body 2 is basically designed in the shape of a circular ring and has a first side surface 6 and a second side surface 7 spaced apart from one another in the direction of its base body thickness 5 . The base body 2 thus forms a type of circular ring disk, with a central longitudinal axis 8 being defined by the base body 2 . The central longitudinal axis 8 subsequently also forms or defines an axis of rotation for the entire cutting tool 1 and thus also for the base body.

per 2nd

Starting from the base body 2, the cutting teeth 3 protrude in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 8 and thus protrude beyond the base body 2. Furthermore, the cutting teeth 3 are arranged at a distance from one another in the circumferential direction. Each of the cutting teeth 3 in turn has a cutting tooth base 9 , a cutting tooth head 10 and preferably also a first side surface 11 and a second side surface 12 spaced apart from one another in the same base body thickness 5 . The cutting tooth head 10 defines at least one cutting edge 13. Depending on the design of the cutting tool 1, the at least one cutting edge 13 can be formed directly by the cutting tooth 3 or by a hard metal element 14 in a known manner. The hard metal element 14 can also be used as a so-called

tes hard metal plate or cutting plate are referred to.

If, to form the at least one cutting edge 13, the hard metal elements 14

provided on the individual cutting teeth 3 is each of the hard metal elements

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14 to be attached to the respective cutting tooth head 10 of the respective cutting tooth 3 . Preferably, this can be done in a manner that can be detached if necessary, whereby this can be done, for example, by means of a screw connection. In this way, the hard metal elements 14 can be replaced quickly and easily if they are worn and/or damaged. Positioning and/or guiding elements that work together can also be arranged between each of the hard metal elements 14 and the cutting tooth head 10 of the respective cutting tooth 3 0-

to be trained.

Furthermore, the hard metal elements 14 preferably have a width in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 8, which is at least greater than a thickness of the cutting tooth 3. The width of the hard metal elements 14 is preferably selected such that it is also greater than the base body thickness 5 of the base body 2 in

Direction of the central longitudinal axis 8.

The hard metal elements 14 can preferably be arranged and attached to the respective cutting tooth 3 in such a way that they protrude on both sides over the first and second side surfaces 11, 12 of the cutting tooth 3 in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 8 in the directions facing away from each other. This overlapping on both sides allows frictional contact of the cutting teeth 3 with their first and second side surfaces 11, 12 and possibly also of the base body 2 with its first and second side surfaces 6, 7 in the groove-shaped depression formed by the hard metal elements 14 in the part to be machined, in particular in the part to be cut to length Workpiece to be prevented. The protrusion of the hard metal element 14 can be e.g. 1.0 mm up to 1.5 mm on each side, preferably

preferably 1.2 mm.

Each of the chip receiving spaces 4 is arranged or formed in the circumferential direction between immediately adjacent cutting teeth 3 . Furthermore, each of the cutting teeth 3 is delimited in the circumferential direction by a first end face 15 and a second end face 16, which also define the respective chip receiving spaces 4 between one behind the other in the circumferential direction.

sensitive cutting teeth 3 define.

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In this exemplary embodiment, it is also shown that the base body 2 and the cutting teeth 3 can be designed in one piece. In this case, each of the cutting teeth 3 is an integral part of the base body 2. It would also be possible not to form the base body 2 itself from a single coherent workpiece, but instead to form it divided in the circumferential direction. Depending on the number of subdivisions selected, the base body 2 is then formed from a plurality of base body segments 17 which are connected together in theirs

coupled or fixed together position form the base body 2.

In this exemplary embodiment, each of the individual chip receiving spaces 4 is also delimited or defined by a transition section 18 which faces the base body 2 or is also formed by the latter. Each of the transition sections 18 is formed or arranged between immediately adjacent cutting teeth 3 in the circumferential direction and, seen in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 8 , has a concavely curved longitudinal profile. Thus, the transition section 18 can connect the first end face 15 with the second end face 16 of the circumferential direction or the direction of rotation

Connect cutting tooth 3.

By providing the individual physically formed transition sections 18 in connection with the respective first and second end faces 15, 16 adjoining them on both sides, each of the chip receiving spaces 4 is formed continuously and without interruption. This is because the first end face 15, the transition section 18 and the second end face 16 are each continuous and un-

are uninterrupted.

In order to achieve a deflection or deflection effect and the associated quick and reliable chip ejection, it is also provided that at least a partial section of at least one of the end faces 15, 16 of the cutting teeth 3 that are immediately adjacent in each case, starting from one of the side faces 11 or 12 in the direction on the opposite side surface 12 or 11 is formed increasing. The at least one partial section of at least one of the end faces 15, 16 forms or defines an inclined end face 19.

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The sloping end face 19 is in turn formed, starting from one side face, in the present exemplary embodiment from the first side face 11, at an angle of inclination 20, rising inclined with respect to this side face 11 in the direction of the further or second side face 12 located opposite. The at least one oblique end face 19 forms a deflection surface for the chips to be removed from the workpiece to be machined, in particular the bar or tube material. The inclined end face 19 can also be used as

so-called chamfer surface or inclined surface.

Since, as described above, the first end face 15, the transition section 18 and the second end face 16 are each continuous and uninterrupted, the inclined end face 19 in the concave transition section 18 can also be continuous or continuous and thus uninterrupted. Furthermore, it can preferably also be provided that the inclined end face 19 is arranged or formed on both sides, starting from the transition section 18, at least in a first section along the first end face 15 and at least in a second section along the second end face 16. The two sections each extend in the direction of the cutting tooth heads 10 from those located immediately adjacent to each other

cutting teeth 3.

The oblique end faces 19 located on the first and second end face 15, 16 do not have to extend completely along the first and second end face 15, 16, but can each end at a distance from the respective cutting edge 13 of the respective immediately adjacent cutting teeth 3. This leaves a separate partial section on the respective end face 15, 16, which in each case has a parallel alignment with respect to the central longitudinal axis 8. These separate sections preferably have a normal alignment with respect to the first side surface 6, 11 and/or the second side surface 7, 12.

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Furthermore, the bevel face 19 or bevel faces 19 may not extend completely over the thickness of the cutting teeth 3 and/or the base body thickness 5 and, as shown in this embodiment, still

before the opposite second side surface 7 and / or 12 ends.

As can now be seen better from FIG. 3, the angle of inclination 20 can come from an angle of inclination value range whose lower limit is 10°, in particular 20°, and whose upper limit is 85°, in particular 70°. The angle of inclination 20 is the angle that is enclosed by a normal to one of the side surfaces, in the present exemplary embodiment to the first side surface 6 and/or 11, and the inclined end face 19. In any case, the angle of inclination 20 is greater than 0° and less than 90°. The normal up

the first side surface 6 and/or 11 encloses an angle of 90° with this.

In order to achieve a change in the ejection direction of the removed chips, it would also be possible to form the inclined end face 19, which runs upwards, starting from the second side face 7 and/or 12 in the direction of the first side face 6, 11. Another would be one

mutual arrangement seen in the circumferential direction is possible or conceivable.

Preferably, with respect to one of the side surfaces 6, 7; 11, 12 increasing inclined oblique end face 19 over the entire length of the

same angle of inclination 20.

The exemplary embodiments show possible variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated variants of the same, but rather that various combinations of the individual variants are also possible with one another and that this possibility of variation is based on the teaching on technical action through the present invention in Ability to work in this technical field

expert lies.

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The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings should be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent independent inventive solutions. The independent inventive solutions

underlying task can be taken from the description.

All information on value ranges in the present description is to be understood in such a way that it also includes any and all sub-ranges, e.g. the information 1 to 10 is to be understood in such a way that all sub-ranges, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, are also included , i.e. all subranges start with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end with an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

Finally, for the sake of order, it should be pointed out that in order to better understand the structure, some elements are not to scale and/or enlarged

and/or have been reduced in size.

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15

Reference List

Cutting tool Base body Cutting tooth Chip receiving space Base body thickness First side surface Second side surface Central longitudinal axis of the cutter tooth base Cutting tooth head First side surface Second side surface Cutting edge Carbide element First face surface Second face surface Base body segment Transition section Bevel face surface

tilt angle

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Claims (15)

patent claims 1. Cutting tool (1) for machining a workpiece, in particular rod or tube material, using the whirling process - a base body (2), which base body (2) is designed in the shape of a circular ring and has a first side surface (6) and a second side surface (7) spaced apart from one another in the direction of its base body thickness (5), with a central longitudinal axis (8) being an axis of rotation of the base body (2) defined, - a plurality of cutting teeth (3), which cutting teeth (3) protrude from the base body (2) in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (8) and are arranged at a distance from one another in the circumferential direction, and the cutting teeth (3) each on their cutting tooth head (10) define at least one cutting edge (13), each of the cutting teeth (3) having a first side surface (11) and a second side surface (12), and - a plurality of chip-receiving spaces (4), which chip-receiving spaces (4) are each arranged or formed in the circumferential direction between immediately adjacent cutting teeth (3), and each of the chip-receiving spaces (4) is at least partially delimited by a first end face (15) and a second face (16) of the two immediately adjacent cutting teeth (3) is defined, characterized, - that at least a section of at least one of the end faces (15, 16) of the immediately adjacent cutting teeth (3) extends from one of the side faces (6, 7; 11, 12) in the direction of the opposite side face (7, 6th ; 12, 11) rising, inclined at an angle of inclination (20), and - that of the at least one end face (15, 16) designed to be increasingly inclined, a sloping end face (19) is defined, which sloping end face (19) is a deflection surface for the workpiece to be machined carrying chips. N2020/25000-A T-00 2. Cutting tool (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that a transition section (18) is provided between the first end face (15) and the second end face (16) of the cutting teeth (3) which are in each case directly adjacent, and the transition section (18 ) towards the central gsachse (8) seen has a concave curved longitudinal profile. 3. Cutting tool (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first end face (15), the transition section (18) and the second end face (16) of the immediately adjacent cutting teeth NEN (3) are designed to be continuous and uninterrupted. 4. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the inclined end face (19) is continuous in the concave transition section (18) and also extends along the first end face (15) at least in a first partial section and along the second end face (16) at least in a second partial section in the direction of the cutting tooth heads (10) from the immediately adjacent ones Chen cutting teeth (3) extends. 5. Cutting tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inclined end face (19) on the first end face (15) and the inclined end face (19) on the second end face (16) are each spaced apart from the respective Cutting edge (13) from the directly neighboring cutting teeth (3) ends. 6. Cutting tool (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inclined end face (19) spaced in front of opposite located side surface (7, 12) ends. N2020/25000-A T-00 7. Cutting tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle of inclination (20) comes from an angle of inclination value range, the lower limit of which is 10°, in particular 20°, and therefore sen upper limit is 85 °, in particular 70 °. 8. The cutting tool (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oblique end face (19) which is increasingly inclined with respect to one of the side faces (6, 7; 11, 12) has the same angle of inclination (20) over its entire length. with respect to the side surface (6, 7; 11, 12) runs with an increasing incline. 9. Cutting tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjoining the inclined end face (19) on the first end face (15) and also adjoining the inclined end face (19) on the second end face (16) of the immediately adjacent cutting teeth (3) in each case a separate partial section of the first end face (15) and a separate partial section of the second end face (16) between the first side surface and the second side surface (12) of the cutting teeth (3) a parallel extension direction with respect to the central longitudinal axis (8). 10. Cutting tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (2) and the cutting teeth (3) are formed in pieces. 11. Cutting tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (2) is formed from a plurality of base body segments (17) and the individual base body segments (17) in fang direction are arranged one behind the other. 12. Cutting tool (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cutting edge (13) each N2020/25000-A T-00 Cutting tooth (3) is formed by a hard metal element (14) and the hard metal element (14) on the cutting tooth head (10) of the respective cutting tooth (3) is necessary. 13. Cutting tool (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the hard metal element (14) is releasably attached to the cutting tooth (3) if necessary. 14. Cutting tool (1) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the hard metal element (14) has a width in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (8) which is at least greater than a thickness of the cutting tooth (3) and possibly also greater than that Base body thickness (5) of the base body (2) in the same direction. 15. Cutting tool (1) according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the hard metal element (14) on both sides over the first and second side surface (11, 12) of the cutting tooth (3) in the direction of the central length gsachse (8) protrudes in opposite directions. N2020/25000-A T-00