AT522547A1 - Positioning aid for laser welding and positioning processes - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a method for positioning a laser beam when welding electrical conductors, a welding method for electrical conductors, a welding device for electrical conductors and a positioning aid for laser welding of electrical conductors.

Description

welding of electrical conductors.

When laser welding electrical conductors or their ends with known methods of the prior art, there can be problems with the positioning of the laser beam on the conductor ends to be welded. A possible difficulty can e.g. a very low optical contrast between the

Welding point and the environment.

The object of the present application is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide devices and methods by means of which a user is able to easily position a load

beam when welding conductor ends.

This object is achieved by a device and a method according to the claims

chen solved.

The method according to the application, method for positioning a laser beam when welding electrical conductor ends of an electrical component, comprises the steps of providing the electrical component in a holding device. Placing a positioning aid on the electrical component so that the electrical conductor ends stand through the positioning aid and the positioning aid at least partially covers the electrical component. Determine the positions

of the conductor ends by means of a camera-based positioning device. Positional

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end. This can be advantageous because a laser beam is positioned more easily on the conductor ends to be welded and thus the quality of the weld and

increased and a cycle time can be reduced.

According to a further aspect of the present application, the laser beam can be positioned on edges of the conductor ends. The laser beam can also be positioned on the center of the edges of the conductor ends. This can be beneficial

as this enables high quality welding.

According to a further aspect of the present application, the positioning aid can be placed in such a way that the holding device is at least partially covered. This can be an advantage because it allows you to determine the positions

the conductor ends of the electrical component can be simplified.

According to a further aspect of the present application, the electrical conductor ends can be tapered and the laser beam is positioned on a point in a space between the conductor ends. This can be an advantage, since a qualitative result even with a more complicated geometry of the electrical conductor ends

high quality weld can be obtained.

According to a further aspect of the present application, a welding method for electrical conductors can comprise one of the methods of the above-mentioned aspects. The welding method can further include the steps of welding the conductor ends and removing the positioning aid after the step of positioning. This can be advantageous because the welding process can be simplified and shortened because positioning is quicker and more reliable.

ger can be achieved.

According to a further aspect of the present application, the welding method can comprise the step of pivoting the holding device after the step of welding and before the step of removing. This can be beneficial

because any weld spatter falls off the positioning aid and thus

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get supported.

According to a further aspect of the present application, a welding arrangement for conductor ends of an electrical component can comprise a holding device, a laser source and a positioning aid. This can be advantageous because the welding arrangement makes a welding process more time-efficient and therefore more cost-effective.

can be carried out cheaper.

According to a further aspect of the present application, the holding device in the welding arrangement can be pivotable. This can be advantageous because the holding device can be swiveled after the welding process and any weld spatter on the holding device and / or positioning aid can be

fall and thus cannot get into the electrical component.

According to a further aspect of the present application, the holding device in the welding arrangement can be provided with a vibration device. This can be an advantage because it makes possible weld spatter easier to remove

the holding device or the positioning aid can be removed.

According to a further aspect of the present application, a positioning aid for laser welding of conductor ends of an electrical component has at least one conductor opening. In other words, a conductor breakthrough is a hole in the positioning aid. This can be advantageous because a strong contrast between the conductor ends and the positioning aid is thus possible and positioning on the conductor ends is simplified. When the positioning aid is used, at least one end of the conductor stands through a conductor opening. The dimensions of the conductor breakthrough are preferably selected such that the respective conductor end stands with no or only a very small gap between the conductor end and the positioning aid through the positioning aid. There are play, transition or oversize fits between the conductor opening and the corresponding one

End of ladder in question.

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Sometimes optimal material or the optimal material pairing can be selected.

According to a further aspect of the present application, the positioning aid can be made at least partially from paper. This can be advantageous because the positioning aid can easily be processed, for example to create the at least one conductor opening, and the positioning

nierhilfe can generally be produced inexpensively.

According to a further aspect of the present application, a positioning aid can furthermore comprise at least one of embossings, perforations and reinforcements. This can be an advantage because the positioning aid can be adapted to the respective use. Reinforcements can e.g. Corrugations (embossing) or doubling of material, which give the positioning aid increased stability in certain areas. Embossing and perforations can make it easier to remove the positioning aid because it can be torn or torn in a controlled manner and can thus be removed more easily and quickly. Embossing can also bring the positioning aid into a certain shape for a possible special use and / or marking

gen form.

According to a further aspect of the present application, the positioning aid can furthermore comprise a handle. This can be an advantage because the positioning aid can be handled more easily. This handling can be done manually

and / or done by machine.

According to a further aspect of the present application, the positioning aid can furthermore have at least one marking. This can be an advantage because the positioning aid can be used e.g. can be more easily aligned and / or from

a device at least one of detected, recorded and handled

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being shaped.

According to a further aspect of the present application, the positioning aid can furthermore comprise a coating on at least one of the surfaces of the positioning aid. This can be an advantage, because e.g. embedding of any weld spatter can be achieved or the jumping of weld spatter can be inhibited. Overall, the positioning aid

be made more resistant by a coating.

In another aspect of the present application, the positioning aid can be at least one of fire retardant, self-extinguishing, and embedding weld spatter. This can have the advantage that any weld spatter cannot jump further, but is picked up by the positioning aid. It can also be advantageous if the positioning aid cannot catch fire or if a fire extinguishes itself. The whole process

can thus be made more reliable.

All of the above-mentioned aspects can be freely combined with one another, in particular features of the device can be incorporated into the method or with

these can be combined and vice versa.

For a better understanding of the registration, this is based on the following

schematic figures explained in more detail. They each show in a greatly simplified, schematic representation:

1 shows an electrical component with conductor ends in a holding device with a separate and placed positioning aid, and a detailed view of the

positioned positioning aid;

2 shows a perspective schematic view of conductor ends; 3 shows a further perspective schematic view of alternative conductor ends;

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direction when determining the position of electrical conductor ends;

5 shows a further perspective schematic view of alternative conductor ends;

6 shows a further perspective schematic view of alternative conductor ends.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference symbols or the same component designations, whereby the disclosures contained in the entire description can be transferred accordingly to the same parts with the same reference symbols or the same component names. The location details chosen in the description, such as above, below, to the side, etc., refer to the figure immediately described and shown and these position

in the event of a change in position, information must be transferred to the new position accordingly.

With initial reference to FIG. 1, parts A and B show a positioning aid 1, a holding device 4, an electrical component 2 and a holding device 4. In part A of FIG. 1, the positioning aid 1 is shown above the holding device 4, into which the electrical component 2 with its multiplicity of electrical conductor ends 3 is inserted. The positioning aid 1 has a number of conductor openings 9 corresponding in arrangement and number to the electrical conductor ends 3. The number and arrangement of the electrical conductor ends 3,

and the shape of the electrical component 2 is purely exemplary and arbitrary.

In part B of FIG. 1, the electrical component 2 is shown in the holding device 4 and with the positioning aid 1 placed thereon. The conductor ends 3 protrude through the positioning aid 1 and in particular through the conductor openings 9. Furthermore, the positioning aid 1 completely covers the electrical component 2. The positioning aid 1 could also at least partially cover the holding device 4

chick. As can be seen in particular in the enlarged detail of part B of FIG

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In FIG. 2, a pair of conductor ends 3 is shown schematically, which protrudes through one of the conductor openings 9 of the positioning aid 1. In FIG. 2, the conductor breakthrough 9 is made recognizable by the edges 7 resulting from the conductor ends 3. The conductor ends 3 are preferably free of play or gaps in relation to the conductor openings 9. In other words, the conductor ends 3 fit precisely and without play or gap into the respective conductor opening 9. Clearance is therefore preferred, since a camera-based positioning device thus covers the edges the electrical conductor ends 3 can recognize or detect more easily. Of course, the method with a gap between the electrical conductor ends 3 and the conductor openings 9 is also possible in principle. The procedure

ren is detailed below.

Due to the clear contrast between the electrical conductor ends 3 and the positioning aid 1, a camera-based positioning device (not shown) can detect the position of the conductor ends 3 and thus define the positioning point 6 for positioning a laser beam 5. In the disclosed illustration, the positioning point 6 lies in the middle of the edge 7, which is formed by the conductor ends 3 touching one another. The edge 7 in FIG. 2 likewise represents the course of the weld seam to be executed. By positioning the laser beam 5 on the center of the edge 7 or selecting the positioning point 6 at this point, the laser beam 5 can move along the edge 7 and move so only minimally and in equal proportions from the ideal focal point, which is the positioning point 6. In FIG. 2, the welding path is indicated by the double arrow parallel to the edge 7. The laser beam 5 thus moves in each case

End points 8, which are each at the end of the edge 7.

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is.

In the variant of FIG. 3, too, the laser beam 5 is positioned on a positioning point 6 with the aid of the camera-based positioning system and the detection of the electrical conductor ends 3 due to the increased contrast with respect to the positioning aid 1. In FIG. 3, however, the positioning point 6 is located in a space above the edge 7 between the electrical conductor ends 3 and thus not directly on the edge 7, as in FIG. 2. The end points 8 are also not located directly on the edge 7 , but also above on a straight line which runs parallel above the edge 7 and through the positioning point 6 (see B). The end points 8 can be shifted inwardly in the direction of the positioning point 6 with respect to the outer contour or outer edge of the pair of electrical conductor ends 3, or alternatively, they can be perpendicular above the intersection of the edge 7 with the outer edge of the pair of electrical conductor ends 3. In the illustration in FIG. 3, too, the laser beam 5 is moved parallel or along the edge 7 (see arrow in FIG. 3 A) in order to move the electrical conductor ends 3 in one

rich to weld the edge 7.

A welding device according to the present disclosure comprises a laser unit which is operatively connected to a camera-based positioning device. The electrical component 2 is introduced into the holding device 4 and fixed there. The positioning aid 1 is then placed on the electrical component 2 so that the electrical conductor ends 3 of the electrical component 2 protrude through the conductor openings 9 of the positioning aid 1. The positioning aid can at least partially cover the electrical component 2 and / or the holding device 4. By at least partially covering the electrical component 2 in the area

of the conductor ends 3 there is an increased contrast between the conductor ends 3

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around.

Due to the increased contrast, the camera-based positioning device can detect the outer contours or outer edges of the conductor ends 3 or the pair of conductor ends 3 more easily and position the laser beam 5 on the conductor ends 3 based on this determined position data of the conductor ends 3. After the positioning, the conductor ends 3 are welded by the laser beam 5 in the area of their contact (see above). Any weld spatter produced by the welding can be prevented by the positioning aid 1 from penetrating or falling into the electrical component 2 and / or the holding device 4. The positioning aid 1 is preferably reusable and hardly inflammable or can embed welding spatter so that it cannot jump any further. The holding device 4 can be designed to be pivotable, so that before removing the positioning aid 1, weld spatter located on the same or on the holding device 4 can be caused by pivoting and / or vibration of the holding device.

device 4 can fall off.

FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a camera-based positioning device on two pairs of electrical conductor ends 3 which protrude through the positioning aid 1. The two pairs of electrical conductor ends 3 are in each pair through a conductor opening 9 through the positioning aid 1. There can also be more than two electrical conductor ends 3 per conductor opening 9 through the positioning aid 1 (see below). As can be seen in Fig. 4, the electrical conductor ends 3 have an irregular surface and without the positioning aid 1 the outer

edges of the individual electrical conductor ends 3 are very difficult to detect.

Position lines 10 of the camera-based positioning device can be seen on the right-hand side of FIG. 4. These are placed by the camera-based positioning device based on the contrast differences between the two electrical conductor ends 3 and the positioning aid 1, as can be seen in FIG. 4. Thus, three position lines 10 are placed on the outer edges of the respective electrical conductor end 3 and one of the position lines 10 coincides with the edge 7 between the two

electrical conductor ends 3 together, along which the welding takes place. Consequently

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the camera-based positioning device can direct the laser beam, e.g. shown in Fig. 2 and 3, place on the positioning point, since this on the position line 10

which coincides with the edge 7.

In Fig. 5, four and three electrical conductor ends 3 are shown in A and B. In contrast to the variants shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the laser beam 5 is not moved parallel to the edges 7 between the individual electrical conductor ends 3, but perpendicular or at right angles, as indicated by the arrows in A and B. The end points 8 also lie on the travel path of the laser beam 5, namely on the respective outer edges of the respective outer electrical conductor ends 3. The method described in connection with FIG. 4 can also be used here because the camera-based positioning device for the multiple electrical conductor ends in A and B of FIG. 5 at least two of the positioning points 6 are determined on the edges 7 and a travel path of the laser beam 5 can then be laid through these positioning points 6. The end points 8 can then each correspondingly point to the outer edges of the outermost electrical conductor, which are also detected by the camera-based positioning device.

at the end of 3.

In A and B, FIG. 6 shows a further variant, similar to the variant in FIG. 5. Here, more than two electrical conductor ends 3 are also shown, which protrude through a conductor opening 9 through the positioning aid 1. The electrical conductor ends 3 are different in length. Shown are two electrical conductor ends 3 that are longer than the respective outer electrical conductor ends 3. The electrical conductor ends 3 can have any arrangement with regard to their length (e.g. with four electrical conductor ends 3, the respective outer electrical conductor ends 3 can be longer, or the electrical conductor ends 3 can be

train to be arranged alternately along their length).

As can be seen in FIG. 6A, here too the travel path (arrow) of the laser beam (not shown) is oriented at the positioning points 6, which are positioned as described in connection with FIG. 5. However, the travel path (arrow) here does not run through the positioning points 6, but below (see FIG. 6 B) on one

Parallels to a straight line through the positioning points 6 (similar to FIG. 3). in the

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In the case of FIG. 6, however, the end points 8 do not lie on one of the outer edges of the respective outer electrical conductor end 3 (as e.g. in FIG. 5) but in the middle and above the respective outer electrical conductor end 3, as can be seen in FIG. 6B

is.

The distance at the level of a respective laser optics above the electrical conductor ends 3 can be selected as desired in the above methods, taking into account the working or focus distance. In the examples of FIGS. 2 and 5, the focus or the focal plane lies in the positioning point 6, in FIGS. 3 and 6 the focal plane is lower than the highest elevation of the electrical conductor ends 3. In other words, in FIGS 6 the focal plane at least partially in the workpieces and thus the distance at the level of a respective laser optics can be freely selected depending on the focus distance and the focal plane on the surface of at least one of the electrical conductor ends 3 or the focal plane can be placed so that it has at least one electrical

End of conductor 3 cuts.

The above explanations show possible design variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated design variants of the same, but rather various combinations of the individual design variants with one another are possible and this possibility of variation due to the teaching of technical action through the present invention in the ability of working in this technical field

Specialist lies.

The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and the drawings should be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent independent inventive solutions. The independent inventive solutions

The basic task can be found in the description.

All information on value ranges in the objective description is like this

to understand that these include any and all sub-areas thereof, e.g.

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The indication 1 to 10 is to be understood in such a way that all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, are included, i.e. all subranges start with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

For the sake of clarity, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure, some elements are not to scale and / or enlarged

and / or shown reduced.

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13

List of reference symbols

Positioning aid electrical component electrical conductor ends holding device laser beam positioning point

Edge

End point conductor breakthrough

Position line

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Claims (17)

Claims 1. A method for positioning a laser beam (5) when welding electrical conductor ends (3) of an electrical component (2), comprising the steps: e providing the electrical component (2) in a holding device (4); e placing a positioning aid (1) on the electrical component (2) so that the electrical conductor ends (3) protrude through the positioning aid (1) and the positioning aid (1) at least partially covers the electrical component (2); e determining the positions of the conductor ends (3) by means of a camera-based positioning device; e Positioning the laser beam (5) on the conductor ends (3) taking into account the position determined by the camera-based positioning device ons data of the electrical conductor ends (3). 2. The method of positioning according to claim 1, wherein the laser beam (5) is positioned on at least one edge (7) of the conductor ends (3). 3. The method of positioning according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the positioning aid (1) is placed so that the holding device (4) at least partially is covered. 4. A welding method for electrical conductors, comprising the method according to one of the preceding claims and further comprising, after the step of positioning, the step of welding the conductor ends (3) and the step of removing the positioning aid (1). 5. Welding method according to claim 4, wherein the laser beam (5) either is moved parallel or perpendicular to the at least one edge (7). N2019 / 03300-AT-00 6. Welding method according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising the step of pivoting the holding device (4) after the step of welding After and before the step of removing. 7. Welding method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the electrical conductor ends (3) taper and the laser beam (5) on a positioning point (6) in a space between the conductor ends (3) positio- is ned. 8. Welding arrangement for electrical conductors, comprising a holding device device (4), a laser source and a positioning aid (1). 9. Welding arrangement according to claim 8, wherein the holding device (4) is pivotable. 10. Positioning aid (1) for laser welding of electrical conductors, wherein the positioning aid (1) has at least one conductor opening (9). 11. Positioning aid (1) according to claim 10, wherein the positioning aid (1) is made of a film and wherein the film is made of at least one of the following materials: metal, plastic, organic material, ceramic Material, fiber material. 12. Positioning aid (1) according to one of claims 10 or 11, wherein the Positioning aid (1) is made at least partially from paper. 13. Positioning aid (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one of embossings, perforations and reinforcement gene. N2019 / 03300-AT-00 14. Positioning aid (1) according to one of the preceding claims, white thereafter comprising a handle. 15. Positioning aid (1) according to one of the preceding claims, white thereafter comprising at least one marking. 16. Positioning aid (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a coating on at least one of the surfaces of the po positioning aid (1). 17. Positioning aid (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the positioning aid (1) is at least one of: fire-retardant, self-releasing embedding weld spatter. N2019 / 03300-AT-00