AT413905B - ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR THE MEDIUM VOLTAGE RANGE - Google Patents

Description

2

AT 413 905 B

The invention relates to an electrical system for the medium-voltage range with a plurality of functional modules and extending in the transverse direction of the functional modules busbar space, outlet means for medium voltage of various electrical function modules are connected to each other via at least one busbar, each busbar 5 has a plurality of integral busbar elements.

Electrical systems according to the invention can be replaced in the medium-voltage and / or low-voltage range. As a medium voltage range is referred to an operating voltage of more than 1kV to about 40kV, the upper limit may be higher. As low voltage io 110V to 1kV are designated. Usually, air is used as the insulating agent. An electrical system in a closed design, in normal operation, no significant openings between the plant interior and the environment of the system and is gas-tight in the sense that occurring inside the system pressure surges at most slightly penetrate into the immediate vicinity of the system. The functional modules are typically 15 encapsulated. As encapsulated are such functional modules with medium and / or low voltage leading, called electrical functional elements, which are closed in each case virtually pressure-resistant with respect to other modules of the system. Opposed functional spaces within a functional module are separated from each other by flameproof partitions. It is understood that suitable pressure-resistant feedthroughs e.g. are intended for electrical Lei-20 lines. If contacts are arranged in the partitions, these are also pressure-resistant. In this case, pressure-resistant means always having a structure which can withstand pressure surges occurring in a system (possibly also due to an accident) to the extent that these are not relieved uncontrollably. In electrical function modules arranged electrical functional elements, for example, busbars, circuit breakers, contactors, trans-formators 25, cable connection elements, etc. be. The function modules are usually electrically connected to each other via the busbars. Electrical function modules are functionally independent of each other (except for the energy supply via busbars) structural units, from which by stringing the electrical system is formed. The functional spaces for low and / or medium voltage leading functional elements are 30 directly or indirectly (possibly via pressure relief auxiliary channels) via fault pressure relief elements connected to a pressure relief chamber or pressure relief (main) channel. In this respect, in the case of an arc fault for the affected functional module or the functional space concerned, the encapsulation by opening the accident pressure relief elements targeted or defined broken; however, the encapsulation of unaffected functional modules or functional rooms remains. The pressure relief (main) channel usually opens into the open air (in the case of a risk to persons excluding arrangement of the mouth) or in a device for absorbing the energies and / or the sometimes toxic accident gases. The arrangement as a whole ensures that a person in the vicinity of the installation can not be injured in the event of an arc fault due to the thermal energy, pressure surge or accident gases that occur.

Electrical systems of the aforementioned structure are known for example from the document 196 38 746 C. In the case of the known functional modules, the busbar elements are already firmly mounted before the functional modules are joined together. Here 45 the connection between busbar straps and outgoing carriers is made. In order to connect busbar elements of different functional modules, the busbar elements each have a connecting lug at the end opposite the busbar lug, which is arranged in the region of the side of a functional module and is connected to a connecting lug of an adjacent functional module forming the busbar. Although this ensures a strictly modular design, but the relatively high number of electrical connections, namely both the busbar straps and the connecting straps, disturbing. Each connection point is a potential source of interference and also contributes to an increase in the total power loss of the busbar. 55 3

AT 413 905 B

The invention is based on the technical problem of providing a composite of functional modules electrical system whose busbar is less susceptible to interference and has a lower power loss with otherwise the same electrical design. 5

To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches that from the busbar elements a busbar spanning the busbar space is formed solely by connecting bus bar tabs of the busbar elements (only) directly to the outgoing carriers of electrical function modules. The busbar tabs io thus have a dual function, namely as connecting tabs. Separate connection straps are no longer required and the number of connections is thus reduced with the result of low power loss and higher reliability. In these contexts, it should also be noted that throughout the invention, the busbar space is set across the entire electrical system, i.e., throughout. the busbar 15 channel of a (electrical or other) functional module is not completed, but open on both sides to subsequent busbar trunking further functional modules or other modules. It is understood that terminal functional modules should have closures for the busbar space at the ends. This configuration also allows it, if necessary, that not every functional module necessarily has a pressure relief element which opens in the event of an arc fault to the pressure-discharge channel.

It is therefore preferred if the busbar space is integrated into the functional modules, wherein each functional module has a busbar channel which extends transversely from one side to the other side of the functional module and is open at the terminal end. 25

It is advantageously advantageous from a mounting stand point of view if the busbar channel of each functional module in the area of the outlet carriers has a pressure-tight closable mounting opening for connecting the busbar tabs to the outlet carriers. The mounting opening can be arranged, for example, on the back side of the functional module. Then the 30 functional modules to be used can first be arranged and fixed side by side, and then the busbar elements are arranged between the outgoing carriers of adjacent electrical functional modules and contacted with these on the outgoing carriers and fastened. However, a mounting opening can also be designed to open the front of the system, for example, also reachable by a functional space. But it is also possible to work without mounting holes; then the juxtaposition of the functional modules and the connection of the busbar elements takes place step by step alternately. Namely, access for mounting and contacting purposes through the open end of the busbar space to an outlet element is easily possible, at least in busbar spaces with large cross-section. 40

Each outlet carrier can each have connection points for two busbar tabs. Then the busbar tabs of two successive busbar elements are each connected to one of the connection points. It is also possible to set up a multiple of two at connection points, for example four, if several busbar elements are to be arranged electrically in parallel. To further reduce the electrical connections, it is also possible that each outgoing carrier has only one connection point, in which case the busbar tabs of successive busbar elements are connected together with the connection point. Thus, at each connection point, several busbar elements, for example up to 3, can be stacked, that is to say electrically connected in parallel.

The invention also relates to a busbar element set with busbar elements for use in an electrical system according to the invention, wherein at the end of each busbar element a busbar tab is arranged, and wherein the fourth

AT 413 905 B

Distance of the busbar tabs is n times the distance of the outgoing carriers of two adjacent and interconnected electrical functional modules, where n = 1, 2, 3, and / or 4. Ein n > 1 is suitable if one or more non-electrical functional modules, i. those without outgoing carriers, between two electrical function modules ange-5 should be arranged. For non-uniform function modules with non-uniform width, n may also be non-integer.

In detail, it can further be provided that each functional module has at least one functional sub-channel leading to the pressure relief chamber, in particular main pressure relief main channel, leading laterally arranged functional module outside open sub-channel, and that by juxtaposing functional modules with the sub-channel of a first functional module and the Partial channel or a wall of an aligned second functional module, a closed pressure relief auxiliary channel is formed. Such electrical systems are hermetically closed in the sense that even in the case of an arc fault no openings in the enclosure of the assembled from the electrical function modules can arise or no pressure relief occurs over any exposed outer surface of the functional module. On the other hand, a single functional module is not hermetically closed per se, since at least the functional space not directly adjoining the main pressure relief channel is connected to the main pressure relief main channel via the pressure relief auxiliary channel which is open to the outside in a single function module. As an auxiliary channel is referred to a lateral, i. orthogonal to the longitudinal extent of the auxiliary channel, open arrangement of otherwise adjoining walls. In other words, a sub-channel is formed like a groove. Although each functional module essentially forms an independent unit, the pressure load auxiliary channel is formed only by juxtaposing two functional modules, wherein walls of both functional modules in the course of joining form the laterally closed structure of the pressure relief auxiliary channel. Thus, it is sufficient if two adjacent function modules share a pressure relief auxiliary channel as it were. In a further development of the modular concept, for example according to the patent DE 196 38 746 C, the function modules are formed laterally closed pressure relief auxiliary channels forming complementary to each other. It is understood that for one or both terminal functional modules, a closure plate is provided, by means of which a plant lying outside and consequently open partial channel is closed. In principle, it is possible to work with only one partial channel in the context of an electrical functional module. This is then arranged laterally and the substantially planar outer wall of the adjoining later next functional module includes this sub-channel, forming the closed pressure relief auxiliary channel laterally. Then, for a terminal functional module, namely that whose free side has a partial channel, a termination plate is needed. On the other hand, it is preferable if each functional module in each case has a partial channel on opposite 40 sides of the functional module. In particular, the sub-channels of a functional module can be mirror-symmetrical to a center plane running parallel to the sides of the functional module. Then they are half channels. In principle, several or all functional spaces can be pressure-relieved via pressure relief auxiliary channels. 45

It is further preferred if the main pressure relief channel is arranged in a manner known per se (DE 196 38 746 C) in the interior of the electrical function modules. One then also receives a completely modular system with regard to the pressure relief, which is also very compact. But it can also be worked without pressure relief main channel and a so open in the environment pressure relief space.

In detail, a functional module may be constructed such that the main pressure relief channel is arranged in the upper region of the electrical functional modules, preferably adjacent to an upper end wall of the electrical functional modules. In the lower area of the electric function modules, a cable connection compartment and, at the front, a 5

AT 413 905 B

Leistungselementeraum, for example, a circuit breaker room, be set up. Then, the cable compartment is connected to the main pressure relief passage via the pressure relief auxiliary passage. 5 The connection of functional spaces with the pressure relief chamber or pressure relief main channel or the pressure relief auxiliary channel and / or the connection between the pressure relief auxiliary channel and the pressure relief main channel may be formed by simple openings, but it is also possible intervene accident pressure relief elements, such as pressure relief valves. It is preferred if in any case the io immediately adjacent to the pressure relief chamber or pressure relief main channel functional spaces, such as the busbar space and / or the circuit breaker room, via accident pressure relief elements, preferably via pressure relief valves, are connected to the main pressure relief channel. Electrical components and auxiliary components, such as transformers and the like, located in the cable connecting space may be formed into a monolithic unit. Suitable casting compounds are all polymer preparations, as customary in electrical fields. The assembly can be exchangeable overall, for example by means of releasable connecting elements. As part of the measures in the cable connection space can also be worked with shrink tubing insulation. 20

The pressure relief main channel is executed in the simplest and preferred case without any filling. However, it is also possible in principle for the pressure relief channel to contain absorption means for absorbing the thermal energy and the sound energy of accident pressure surges and / or of accident gases. The same applies to the pressure relief auxiliary channels. 25

Within the scope of an electrical system according to the invention, it is also possible to set up modules with non-electrical functions. By way of example, an encapsulated fault module or several encapsulated fault modules can be set up to absorb the energies and gases arising in the wake of an arc fault. With regard to a particularly suitable accident module, reference is made to the document DE-A-195 20 689. It is understood that a fault module known in this respect is modified so that its deflection device can be connected directly to a pressure relief opening. If no accident module to be used, it is expedient to connect an outlet to the pressure relief port of the main pressure relief channel, which is laid on a safety-harmless 35 place, for example in a Gebäudeaußenwandung in about 2-3m height to relieve pressure waves and Störgasströme to the outside ,

DE 197 14 889 A discloses a busbar, which is formed from a plurality of busbar elements. The ends of the bus bar elements are not connected to one another at a leaving element, but rather in the areas of the interfaces between two adjacent function modules. Consequently, the busbar is not formed exclusively by connecting bus bar tabs of the busbar members directly to the outgoing carriers. 45 Also in the subject matter of DE 66 06 173 U the busbar members are connected to each other directly at the walls of two adjacent functional modules. A connection of busbar elements at outgoing elements is not recognizable. The same applies to DE 77 12 668 U. So US 4,136,374 A describes busbars, which are formed by welding of components. The busbar disclosed so far is itself integral and does not have a plurality of integral busbar elements.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail by means of only one exemplary embodiment representing 55 figures. Show: 6

AT 413 905 B

1 shows an overall view of an electrical system according to the invention,

2 shows a cross section A-A from the article of Figure 1,

Fig. 3: a schematic representation of the connection of the busbar elements, and Fig. 4: a busbar element set. 5

The electrical system 1 shown in FIG. 1 is designed in a closed design and designed for the medium-voltage range. The electrical system 1 consists in the embodiment of a plurality of encapsulated electrical functional modules 2, which are arranged side by side and connected to each other. On the basis of the dashed lines io recognizes one running in the transverse direction of the functional modules main pressure relief channel 3, which ends at its right end with a pressure relief opening 4. At the right-hand end of the electrical system, it can be seen that a vertically extending, open sub-channel 1T is set up. To complete the drawn system of the recognizable sub-channel 1T is covered by a not shown, pressure-resistant Teilkanalabdeckplatte or close ßen. It can not be seen that a pressure-resistant cover plate is attached to the left end of the pressure relief main channel, which closes this end pressure-tight even in the case of an arc fault.

In FIG. 2 it can be seen that the electrical functional module 2 has a plurality of functional spaces 5, 6, 7 closed to one another for medium-voltage functional elements. In the example, busbars 8 in the busbar space or busbar channel 7, a circuit breaker 9 in the circuit breaker room 6 and cable connection elements 10 in the cable connection space 5 can be seen as functional elements. In addition, a low-voltage space 14 is set up, in which, for the sake of simplicity, low-voltage circuits 25 or low-voltage circuits (not shown) are arranged for control, regulation and measurement purposes. The low-voltage space 14 does not require measures for pressure relief, since therein no high voltage or high power occurs and therefore no considerable arc can occur. Finally, one recognizes the pressure relief main channel 3, which is connected via pressure relief valves 16,17 with the functional spaces 6,7. 30

From a comparative examination of Figures 1 and 2 it can be seen that all electrical functional modules 2 are formed as independent units and form a hermetically sealed electrical system 1 in the juxtaposed, finished state. In particular, it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the upper side of the electrical system 1, which is joined together by the functional modules 2, also forms a hermetically sealed surface, even in the case of an arc fault. To illustrate this, the abutting edges between the functional modules 2 are not drawn on the upper side.

By looking at FIG. 2, it can be seen that the functional spaces 6, 7 for medium-voltage 40 leading functional elements 8, 9 are formed directly adjacent to the only pressure-relief main channel 3 arranged in the interior of the functional module 2. The functional chambers 5 are, in contrast, connected to the pressure relief main channel 3 via pressure relief auxiliary channels 12 formed from two respective half channels 11 (see also Fig. 1) of various functional modules 2, 2 In the illustration shown, for ease of illustration, no pressure relief elements are used in connection with the pressure relief auxiliary passages, only one opening is arranged, however, an accident pressure relief element, for example, can be provided at the opening be provided in the pressure relief flap which opens the partial channel 11. The partial channels 11 of a functional module 2, 2 'are mirror-symmetrical to a center plane parallel to the sides of the functional module 2, 2' ,

All functional spaces 5, 6, 7 are separated from one another in a pressure-resistant manner, only in the areas 55 of the pressure relief valves 16, 17 can an overpressure be directly transferred to the main pressure relief valve.

Claims (5)

7 AT 413 905 B channel 3 escape. From the functional space 5 escapes an overpressure through the opening and the pressure relief auxiliary channel 12. In Fig. 1, in turn, it can be seen that the pressure relief main channel 3 is formed to extend in a straight line in the direction of the pressure relief opening 4. But he can be guided away. The electrical functional module 2 shown in FIG. 2 is constructed as follows in detail. The pressure relief channel 3 is arranged in the upper region of the functional module 2. In the upper area of the functional module 2, a busbar space 7 and at the front a low-voltage space 14 are arranged on the rear side. The pressure relief main channel 3 is arranged above the busbar space 7 and the circuit breaker compartment 6. In the lower part of the functional module 2, a cable connection space 5 and at the front the circuit breaker compartment 6, are set up on the back side. The cable connection compartment 5 and the circuit breaker compartment 6 adjoin one another. 15 is not shown in the embodiment, that in Fig. 1, right side of the rightmost function module 2, a pressure relief chimney, which leads to the outside, may be connected to the pressure relief opening 4. The invention is particularly apparent from the Fig. 3. A busbar space 7 extending in the transverse direction of the 20 functional modules 2 is visible, with outgoing carriers 18 for medium voltage of different electrical functional modules 2 being connected to one another via at least one busbar 8, each busbar 8 having a plurality of integral busbar elements 19. From the busbar elements 19, a busbar 8 spanning the busbar space 7 is formed by connecting 25 of busbar lugs 20 of the busbar elements 19 directly to the outgoing carriers 18 of electrical function modules 2. FIG. 2 again shows that the busbar compartment 7 is integrated into the functional modules 2, wherein each functional module 2 has a busbar channel 7 'extending transversely from one side to the other side of the functional module 2 and open at the terminal end. For the sake of clarity, it is not shown in FIG. 3 that the bus bar channel 7 'of each functional module 2 has a pressure-tight closable mounting opening for connecting the bus bar tabs 20 to the outgoing carriers 18 in the region of the outlet carriers 18. The mounting opening is arranged on the back side of the functional module. FIG. 4 shows a busbar element set according to the invention, with a busbar tab 20 being arranged at the end of each busbar element 19, and the spacing of the busbar tabs 20 being 1 or 2 times the distance 1 of the outgoing carriers 19 of two adjacent and interconnected electrical functions -40 onsmodule 2 is. In Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal cable channel, which is the function module formed transversely across and terminal open. As a result, lines with low power, such as control lines can be performed across the electrical system to the point of connection in the module concerned 45. Within the module lines can be performed in line half channels 22. For the line half channels, the statements made for the pressure relief auxiliary channels apply analogously. 1. Electrical system (1) for the medium-voltage range with a plurality of functional modules (2) and extending in the transverse direction of the functional modules busbar space (7), said outlet support (18) for medium voltage various electrical function modules 55 (2) via at least one busbar ( 8) are interconnected, each bus bar having a plurality of one-piece busbar elements (19), characterized in that a busbar (8) spanning the busbar space (7) is formed from the busbar elements (19) exclusively by connecting busbars (8). 5 see (20) of the busbar elements (19) directly to the outgoing carriers (18) electrical shear functional modules (2) is formed. 2. Electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that the busbar space (7) in the functional modules (2) is integrated, wherein each functional module (2) io transversely from one side to the other side of the functional module (2) extending and terminal open busbar channel (7 '). 3. Electrical system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the busbar channel (7 ') of each functional module (2) in the region of the outlet support (18) has a 15 pressure-resistant closable mounting opening for connecting the busbar tabs (20) with the outlet supports (18). having. 4. Electrical system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mounting opening is arranged on the back side of the functional module (2). 20 5. busbar element set with busbar elements (19) for use in a system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at the end of each busbar element (19) a bus bar (20) is arranged, and wherein the distance of the busbar tabs (20) n times the Distance 1 of the outlet support 25 (19) of two adjacent and interconnected electrical function modules (2), where n = 1, 2, 3, and / or4. For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings 30 35 40 45 50 55