AT398078B - Release agent for concrete shuttering - Google Patents

Release agent for concrete shuttering Download PDF

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Publication number
AT398078B
AT398078B AT0188190A AT188190A AT398078B AT 398078 B AT398078 B AT 398078B AT 0188190 A AT0188190 A AT 0188190A AT 188190 A AT188190 A AT 188190A AT 398078 B AT398078 B AT 398078B
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Austria
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mixture
antioxidants
formwork
rapeseed oil
concrete
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AT0188190A
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German (de)
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ATA188190A (en
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Nolz Ges M B H & Co Kg
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/38—Treating surfaces of moulds, cores, or mandrels to prevent sticking
    • B28B7/384—Treating agents
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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
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    • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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Abstract

The use of a mixture of rape seed oil, in particular desludged rape seed oil, the solvents or anti- solidification agents and/or antioxidants as release agents for concrete shuttering.

Description

AT 398 078 BAT 398 078 B

Die Erfindung betrifft allgemein Trennmittel für Betonbauschalungen.The invention relates generally to release agents for concrete formwork.

Im Betonbau werden Trennmittel zur Beschichtung der Verschalung verwendet. Diese Trennmittel bestehen meistens aus Kunstharzfilmen auf Basis härtbarer Harze, beispielsweise Phenol-Formaldehydhar-ze, oder aus ÖI-in-Wasser-Emulsionen und Mineralölen, gegebenenfalls mit Zusatz von tierischen und pflanzlichen Fetten, die ein sauberes Ablösen der Verschalung nach dem Trocknen des Betons ermöglichen sollen.Release agents are used to coat the formwork in concrete construction. These release agents mostly consist of synthetic resin films based on hardenable resins, e.g. phenol-formaldehyde resins, or of oil-in-water emulsions and mineral oils, optionally with the addition of animal and vegetable fats, which cleanly remove the formwork after the concrete has dried should enable.

So betrifft die DD-A-92 990 ein Formentrennhilfsmittel, bestehend aus vorbehandelten Mineralölfraktionen und einer geringen Menge (max. 2 %-Masse) eines Fettungsmittels, wie Rapsöl und/oder ÖlsäureFor example, DD-A-92 990 relates to a mold release agent consisting of pretreated mineral oil fractions and a small amount (max. 2% mass) of a fatliquor, such as rapeseed oil and / or oleic acid

Bei derartigen Trennmitteln ist vor allem ihre Herstellung aus wertvollen Rohmaterialien und die mangelnde biologische Abbaubarkeit der verwendeten Mineralöle nachteilig. Bei Großbaustellen kommt es nicht zuletzt durch die an den fertigen Betonteilen haften bleibenden Trennmittelreste zu einer erheblichen Umweltbelastung. Das im Laufe der Zeit durch Umwelteinflüsse, wie beispielsweise Regen oder Schnee, von den Betonteilen abgewaschene Trennmittel verseucht dann das den Bauteil oder das Bauwerk umgebende Erdreich bzw. die Umwelt.In the case of such release agents, their production from valuable raw materials and the lack of biodegradability of the mineral oils used are particularly disadvantageous. In large construction sites, the releasing agent residues that stick to the finished concrete parts result in considerable environmental pollution. The release agent washed away from the concrete parts over time by environmental influences such as rain or snow then contaminates the soil or the environment surrounding the component or the structure.

In der FR-A1-2 487 848 ist ferner eine Wasser-in-ÖI Emulsion, unter anderem auch von Rapsöl, als Trennmittel für Beton und Mörtel beschrieben. Der Einsatz eines solchen Trennmittels ist jedoch bei niedrigen Temperaturen nicht oder nur sehr schwer möglich.FR-A1-2 487 848 also describes a water-in-oil emulsion, including rapeseed oil, as a release agent for concrete and mortar. However, the use of such a release agent is not possible or is very difficult at low temperatures.

Die DE-C1-3 626 376 offenbart ein Haftöl und seine Verwendung für Motorsägeketten und als Trennmittel für Bauschalungen. Das verwendete Haftöl enthält dabei ein Schmieröl und 10 bis 30 % Masse eines Haftvermittlers, d.h. eines kolophoniumhältigen Harzes und/oder Kolophonium. Als Schmieröl wird Rüböl, Sonnenblumenöl, Rizinusöl, Olivenöl, Erdnußöl, Sojaöl und Walöl vorgeschlagen, die Verwendung von Rapsöl wird nicht erwähnt.DE-C1-3 626 376 discloses an adhesive oil and its use for chainsaw chains and as a release agent for construction formwork. The adhesive oil used contains a lubricating oil and 10 to 30% mass of an adhesion promoter, i.e. a rosin containing resin and / or rosin. Rape oil, sunflower oil, castor oil, olive oil, peanut oil, soybean oil and whale oil are suggested as lubricating oils; the use of rapeseed oil is not mentioned.

Zur Vermeidung der vorstehend erwähnten Nachteile schlägt die Erfindung die Verwendung einer Mischung von Rapsöl, insbesondere entschleimtem Rapsöl, Lösungsmittel bzw. Antistockmittel und/oder Antioxidantien als Trennmittel für Betonbauschalungen vor.To avoid the disadvantages mentioned above, the invention proposes the use of a mixture of rapeseed oil, in particular degummed rapeseed oil, solvents or anti-stick agents and / or antioxidants as release agents for concrete formwork.

Da es sich bei Rapsöl um ein Naturprodukt aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen mit biologischer Abbaubarkeit (z.B bei Rapsöl 95 - 97 % in 3 Wochen) handelt, kann es selbst bei Verwendung auf einer Großbaustelle zu keinerlei nennenswerter Umweltbelastung kommen.Since rapeseed oil is a natural product made from renewable raw materials with biodegradability (e.g. rapeseed oil 95 - 97% in 3 weeks), there can be no significant environmental pollution even when used on a large construction site.

Bei der Verwendung von entschleimtem Rapsöl, welches beispielsweise durch Raffination mit Schwefelsäure, Bleicherden oder Natronlauge erhalten werden kann, wird eine klare Lösung der Mischung erreicht. Zur Verbesserung der Viskosität und der Haltbarkeit werden auch Lösungsmittel und Antioxidantien beigemischt.When using degummed rapeseed oil, which can be obtained for example by refining with sulfuric acid, bleaching earth or sodium hydroxide solution, a clear solution of the mixture is achieved. Solvents and antioxidants are also added to improve viscosity and durability.

Vorzugsweise enthält eine Mischung 1 bis 20 %-Masse eines niedrigen Alkohols, vorzugsweise Ethanol, oder 1 bis 20 %-Masse eines Terpens, vorzugsweise Terpentin, oder 1 bis 60 %-Masse eines nied. Alkylesters eines Pflanzenöles, vorzugsweise Rapsmethylester, als Lösungs- und Antistockmittel. Dadurch kann die Viskosität der Mischung derart eingestellt werden, daß die Mischung mit einer Spritze auf die Verschalung aufgebracht werden kann. In einer solchen Spritze wird die Mischung mittels Luft verdrängt. Für eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Mischung ist eine konstante Druckluft nötig, die mit einem Pumpkolben (Prinzip einer Fahrradpumpe) oder durch Verwendung eines Kompressors erzeugt werden kann. Bei höherem Druck (3,5 - 4 bar) ist die Verteilung besser als bei geringerem Druck (möglicher Arbeitsbereich 2 - 4 bar). Mittels dieser Druckluft kann die Mischung auch durch eine Düse gedrückt werden, wodurch eine gute Zerstäubung erreicht wird. Die Mischung kann auch mit einem Pinsel oder einer Bürste aufgetragen werden. Diese Art der Anwendung kommt Insbesondere für kleine Teile in Frage. Kleine Schalungsteile können selbstverständlich auch in die in einem Tauchbecken enthaltene Mischung eingetaucht werden. Mit der Mischung können Pfosten, Stiele und Schalungen aus Holz und Eisenrahmen mit Holzschichtplatten mit Trennmittel versehen werden. Durch den Zusatz von Lösungsmittel wird auch ein Einsatz der Mischung bei niedrigen Temperaturen ermöglicht, da sie über einen weiten Temperaturbereich fließfähig bleibt und ein unerwünschtes Stocken der Mischung verhindert wird.A mixture preferably contains 1 to 20% mass of a lower alcohol, preferably ethanol, or 1 to 20% mass of a terpene, preferably turpentine, or 1 to 60% mass of a low. Alkyl ester of a vegetable oil, preferably rapeseed methyl ester, as a solvent and anti-stick agent. As a result, the viscosity of the mixture can be adjusted such that the mixture can be applied to the casing with a syringe. In such a syringe, the mixture is displaced by means of air. For an even distribution of the mixture, constant compressed air is required, which can be generated with a pump piston (principle of a bicycle pump) or by using a compressor. At higher pressure (3.5 - 4 bar) the distribution is better than at lower pressure (possible working range 2 - 4 bar). The compressed air can also be used to push the mixture through a nozzle, which ensures good atomization. The mixture can also be applied with a brush or a brush. This type of application is particularly suitable for small parts. Small formwork parts can of course also be immersed in the mixture contained in a plunge pool. The mixture can be used to provide posts, stems and formwork made of wood and iron frames with laminated wood panels with a release agent. The addition of solvent also enables the mixture to be used at low temperatures, since it remains fluid over a wide temperature range and prevents the mixture from undesirably stalling.

Weiters ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Mischung Zitronensäure, Orthophosphorsäure und/oder andere für Rapsölmischungen bekannte Antioxidantien enthält. Dadurch wird ein Verderben und Ranzigwerden der Mischung verhindert. Die Gefahr des Verderbens besteht besonders bei Verwendung der Mischung im Sommer oder bei hohen Temperaturen, da das Pflanzenöl als Naturprodukt ohne Konservierungsmittel nicht unbegrenzt lagerfähig ist.It is also advantageous if the mixture contains citric acid, orthophosphoric acid and / or other antioxidants known for rapeseed oil mixtures. This prevents the mixture from spoiling and becoming rancid. There is a particular risk of spoilage if the mixture is used in summer or at high temperatures, since the vegetable oil as a natural product cannot be stored indefinitely without preservatives.

Vorzugsweise enthält die erfindungsgemäß verwendete Mischung 0,1 bis 1 kg, insbesondere 0,6 kg, Antioxidantien pro Tonne. Die Verwendung von Zitronensäure oder Orthophosphorsäure als Antioxidans beeinflußt nicht die Umweltverträglichkeit und die biologische Abbaubarkeit der Mischung.The mixture used according to the invention preferably contains 0.1 to 1 kg, in particular 0.6 kg, of antioxidants per ton. The use of citric acid or orthophosphoric acid as an antioxidant does not affect the environmental compatibility and the biodegradability of the mixture.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Beispielen genauer beschrieben. 2The invention is described in more detail below with the aid of examples. 2nd

Claims (6)

AT 398 078 B Beispiel 1 10 kg entschleimtes Rapsöl wurde mit 1,5 kg Ethanol (Brennspiritus), Zitronensäure, Orthophosphor-säure und anderen für Rapsölmischungen bekannten Antioxidantien vermischt, wobei die Summe der zugemischten Antioxidantien 6 g betrug. Einmischrate: 15 %-Masse Brennspiritus 0,6 kg Antioxidantien pro Tonne Mischung. Beispiel 2 10 kg entschleimtes Rapsöl wurde mit 1 kg Terpentin (Produkt aus Föhren), Zitronensäure, Ortho-phosphorsäure und anderen für Rapsölmischungen bekannten Antioxidantien vermischt, wobei die Summe der zugemischten Antioxidantien 6 g betrug. Einmischrate: 10 %-Masse Terpentin 0,6 kg Antioxidantien pro Tonne Mischung. Beispiel 3 10 kg entschleimtes Rapsöl wurde mit 2 kg Rapsmethylester, Zitronensäure, Orthophosphorsäure und anderen für Rapsölmischungen bekannten Antioxidantien vermischt, wobei die Summe der zugemischten Antioxidantien 6 g betrug. Einmischrate: 20 %-Masse Rapsmethylester 0,6 kg Antioxidantien pro Tonne Mischung. Beispiel 4 Bei den mit den Mischungen der Beispiele 1 bis 3 durchgeführten Versuchen wurden bereits früher verwendete Schalungsteile mit der Mischung in einer Menge von 0,2 kg/m2 besprüht. Bei der Anwendung wurde vor allem darauf geachtet, daß die Mischung in sämtlichen Ecken und Kanten der Schalungsteile gleichmäßig aufgetragen wird. Bei der Errichtung der Schalung wurde zuerst die Außenwand aufgestellt und mit der Mischung besprüht. Dann wurde die Innenwand besprüht, an die richtige Position gebracht und mit der Außenwand verbunden. Nach Überprüfung der Befestigung der Schalungswände wurde der Beton in die Schalung gefüllt. Am nächsten Tag wurde die Schalung entfernt. Die Schalungswände lösten sich sehr gut vom Beton, obwohl an manchen Schalungswänden noch alte Betonreste vorhanden waren. Die Betonwände zeigten eine schöne, glatte Oberfläche und wiesen keinerlei Farbveränderung durch das Rapsöl auf. An den Schalungswänden zeigte sich noch ein öliger Film, was ein Zeichen für die gute Hafteigenschaft der Mischung war. Die wesentlichen Vorteile der Mischung sind daher wie folgt: - Trennen, Pflegen und Schützen von Schalungen; - leichtes Entfernen von anhaftenden Betonresten und anderen Verunreinigungen; - gute Haftung auch bei niedrigen Temperaturen und bei Regen bzw. Schnee; - problemlose Haftung der auf dem Beton aufgetragenen Putze oder Anstriche; und - leichte biologische Abbaubarkeit (z.B. bei Rapsöl 95 -97 % in 3 Wochen). Patentansprüche 1. Verwendung einer Mischung von Rapsöl, insbesondere entschleimtem Rapsöl, Lösungsmittel bzw. Antistockmittel und/oder Antioxidantien als Trennmittel für Betonbauschalungen.AT 398 078 B Example 1 10 kg of degummed rapeseed oil were mixed with 1.5 kg of ethanol (methylated spirit), citric acid, orthophosphoric acid and other antioxidants known for rapeseed oil mixtures, the total of the added antioxidants being 6 g. Mixing rate: 15% mass of methylated spirits 0.6 kg of antioxidants per ton of mixture. Example 2 10 kg of degummed rapeseed oil were mixed with 1 kg of turpentine (product from pine), citric acid, orthophosphoric acid and other antioxidants known for rapeseed oil mixtures, the total of the added antioxidants being 6 g. Mixing rate: 10% mass of turpentine 0.6 kg of antioxidants per ton of mixture. Example 3 10 kg of degummed rapeseed oil were mixed with 2 kg of rapeseed methyl ester, citric acid, orthophosphoric acid and other antioxidants known for rapeseed oil mixtures, the total of the added antioxidants being 6 g. Mixing rate: 20% mass of rapeseed methyl ester 0.6 kg of antioxidants per ton of mixture. Example 4 In the tests carried out with the mixtures of Examples 1 to 3, previously used formwork parts were sprayed with the mixture in an amount of 0.2 kg / m 2. During use, particular care was taken to ensure that the mixture was applied evenly to all corners and edges of the formwork parts. When erecting the formwork, the outer wall was first set up and sprayed with the mixture. Then the inner wall was sprayed, placed in the correct position and connected to the outer wall. After checking the fastening of the formwork walls, the concrete was filled into the formwork. The formwork was removed the next day. The formwork walls detached very well from the concrete, although old concrete remains were still present on some formwork walls. The concrete walls showed a beautiful, smooth surface and showed no color change due to the rapeseed oil. An oily film was still visible on the formwork walls, which was a sign of the good adhesive properties of the mixture. The main advantages of the mix are therefore as follows: - separating, maintaining and protecting formwork; - easy removal of adhering concrete residues and other contaminants; - good grip even at low temperatures and in rain or snow; - easy adhesion of the plasters or paints applied to the concrete; and - easy biodegradability (e.g. rapeseed oil 95 -97% in 3 weeks). 1. Use of a mixture of rapeseed oil, in particular degummed rapeseed oil, solvents or anti-stick agents and / or antioxidants as a release agent for concrete formwork. 2. Verwendung einer Mischung nach Anspruch 1, die 1 bis 20 %-Masse eines niedrigen Alkohols, vorzugsweise Ethanol, als Lösungs- und Antistockmittel enthält, für den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Zweck.2. Use of a mixture according to claim 1, which contains 1 to 20% mass of a lower alcohol, preferably ethanol, as a solvent and anti-stick agent, for the purpose specified in claim 1. 3. Verwendung einer Mischung nach Anspruch 1, die 1 bis 20 %-Masse eines Terpens, vorzugsweise Terpentin, als Lösungs- und Antistockmittel enthält, für den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Zweck. 3 AT 398 078 B3. Use of a mixture according to claim 1, which contains 1 to 20% by weight of a terpene, preferably turpentine, as a solvent and anti-stick agent, for the purpose specified in claim 1. 3 AT 398 078 B 4. Verwendung einer Mischung nach Anspruch 1, die 1 bis 60 %-Masse eines nied. Alkylesters eines Pflanzenöles, vorzugsweise Rapsmethylester, als Lösungs- und Antistockmittel enthält, für den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Zweck.4. Use of a mixture according to claim 1, the 1 to 60% mass of a low. Contains alkyl esters of a vegetable oil, preferably rapeseed methyl ester, as a solvent and anti-stick agent for the purpose specified in claim 1. 5. Verwendung einer Mischung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, die Zitronensäure, Orthophosphorsäu-re und/oder andere Antioxidantien enthält, für den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Zweck.5. Use of a mixture according to one of claims 2 to 4, which contains citric acid, orthophosphoric acid and / or other antioxidants, for the purpose specified in claim 1. 6. Verwendung einer Mischung nach Anspruch 5, die 0,1 bis 1 kg, vorzugsweise 0,6 kg, Antioxidantien pro Tonne Mischung enthält, für den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Zweck. 46. Use of a mixture according to claim 5, which contains 0.1 to 1 kg, preferably 0.6 kg, of antioxidants per ton of mixture, for the purpose specified in claim 1. 4th
AT0188190A 1990-09-17 1990-09-17 Release agent for concrete shuttering AT398078B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4437880A1 (en) * 1994-10-22 1996-04-25 Caramba Chemie Gmbh Lubricants and care products
EP1356857A1 (en) * 2002-04-16 2003-10-29 Fuchs Lubritech Gmbh Method for producing dispersantless Oil-in-Water dispersions

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD92990A (en) *
FR2487848A1 (en) * 1980-08-01 1982-02-05 Chryso Sa Parting compsns. for concrete and mortar - comprising water-in-oil emulsion contg. solvent, oil, grease and surfactant

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD92990A (en) *
FR2487848A1 (en) * 1980-08-01 1982-02-05 Chryso Sa Parting compsns. for concrete and mortar - comprising water-in-oil emulsion contg. solvent, oil, grease and surfactant

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4437880A1 (en) * 1994-10-22 1996-04-25 Caramba Chemie Gmbh Lubricants and care products
EP1356857A1 (en) * 2002-04-16 2003-10-29 Fuchs Lubritech Gmbh Method for producing dispersantless Oil-in-Water dispersions

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