AT216200B - Building block made of concrete with enclosed insulation layers - Google Patents

Building block made of concrete with enclosed insulation layers

Info

Publication number
AT216200B
AT216200B AT412059A AT412059A AT216200B AT 216200 B AT216200 B AT 216200B AT 412059 A AT412059 A AT 412059A AT 412059 A AT412059 A AT 412059A AT 216200 B AT216200 B AT 216200B
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
building block
concrete
ribs
insulation layers
insulation
Prior art date
Application number
AT412059A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Otto L Schulz
Original Assignee
Otto L Schulz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Otto L Schulz filed Critical Otto L Schulz
Priority to AT412059A priority Critical patent/AT216200B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AT216200B publication Critical patent/AT216200B/en

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

  

   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 



  Baustein aus Beton mit eingeschlossenen Dämmschichten 
Bekanntlich weisen normal   ausgeführte   Mauern aus künstlichen Steinen eine geringe   Wärme- und   Schalldämmung auf. Es ist sohin allgemein versucht worden, diesen Nachteil zu beseitigen, u. zw. einerseits durch Einschluss von Hohlräumen, zur Verbesserung der Wärmeisolierung und anderseits durch Einschluss von Dämmschichten zur   Schall-und Wärmeisolierung.   



   Die ersteren angewendeten Verfahren erhöhen zwar die Wärmeisolation der Bausteine, doch wird diese an den Steinrändern,   Stoss- und Lagerfugen,   durch Kältebrücken wieder bedeutend herabgesetzt, insbesondere bei Verwendung von Zement- oder verlängertem Zementmörtel, dessen Verarbeitung beim Vermauern von Hohlsteinen meistens vorgeschrieben ist. Bei durchgehenden Hohlräumen, wie z. B. gebrannten Steinen, wird überdies ein grosser Teil der Hohlräume bei den Mauerarbeiten wieder mit Mörtel aufgefüllt, so dass innerhalb   einer Aussenwand   ein erheblicher Teil der Fläche, nämlich etwa 1/5 - 1/4 nicht mehr isoliert ist. 



   Der zweite Weg, durch Einschluss von Dämmschichten eine erhöhte Isolierwirkung zu erzielen, ist besonders bei Platten oder andern grossflächigen Bauelementen mit Erfolg beschritten worden. Diese Elemente können jedoch nicht zum Aufbau von Mauern Verwendung finden, weil sie den statischen Anforderungen nicht genügen. Überdies können die vielfältigen Ausbildungen der Mauerwerkskörper, mit Platten von grösseren Abmessungen gar nicht ausgeführt werden. Sohin haben diese Elemente nur für den Aufbau von Zwischenwänden, Decken u. dgl. Bedeutung. 



   Zur Herstellung von Bausteinen ist auch schon ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem man zwei seitliche, tragende Teile, zwischen welchen   Dämm-oder Isolierschichten   eingeschlossen sind, mittels Metall- oder Eisenanker verbindet. Um eine günstige Voraussetzung für die statische Beanspruchung zu schaffen, müssen aber verhältnismässig viel Anker eingelegt werden. 



   Nachteilig ist hiebei nun offensichtlich, dass durch das Einlegen von Ankern der Stein zusätzlich verteuert wird und durch solche Eisen- oder Metallanker jeweils nur eine Verbindung zwischen je zwei gegenüberliegenden Punkten geschaffen wird. 



   Es folgt daraus, dass zwischen den ebenen, senkrechten Berührungsflächen der Dämmschichten und den senkrechten Flächen der tragenden Teile des Steines, keine feste, etwa auf Zug beanspruchbare Verbindung besteht. Weiterhin die einerseits durch Dämmung erreichte Wirkung durch starke Schall- und   Kältebrücken   (Anker und Fugen) nahezu aufgehoben wird und schliesslich solche Kältebrücken vorhanden sind, welche besonders in Aussenmauern, da sich dieselben (Ankerstellen) bei Frost als Schwitzstellen abzeichnen, unerwünscht sind.

   Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Baustein zu schaffen, welcher den statischen Anforderungen entspricht und mehrfach, nämlich schall- und wärmegedämmt ist, jedoch keine   Schall-oder Kältebrücken   besitzt, wobei insbesondere auch beim Aufbau einer Mauer keine   Kältebrük-   ken mehr gebildet werden und die vorangeführten Nachteile fortfallen. 



   Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass der Baustein aus durchgehenden, vertikalen, in sich selbst haltbaren Dämmschichten für Schall und Wärme, mit an den Längsseiten prismatisch ausgebildeten, horizontalen Rippen, aus deren Kanten die Schlaufen schlangenförmig gewundener Querbindungen, bestehend aus Kunststoff, hervorragen und mehreren Betonkernen gebildet ist, welche derart miteinander ver-   bunden sind, dass ein einheitlicher, tragfähiger Baustein besteht.    



   Die Zeichnung veranschaulicht Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung, u. zw. zeigt Fig. 1 eine Dämmschicht, wie sie zur Herstellung der neuen Steine in Betracht kommt, Fig. 2 eine selbstdichtende Pressfuge mit Teilen der Dämmschichten und des fertigen Steines und Fig. 3 den Baustein selbst. 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 2> 

 



   Der Baustein besteht aus mindestens drei   tragendenBetonkernen 7, u. zw.   einem stärkeren mittig, und je einem schwächeren, seitlich angeordneten Betonkern, sowie mindestens einer Schalldämmschicht 6 in der   Aussen- und   einer Wärmedämmschicht 6 in der Innenseite des Steines. Beide Längsseiten der Dämm- schichten sind mit horizontal verlaufenden, prismatischen Rippen 1 versehen. 



   Die gegenüberliegenden Rippen sind ferner durch schlangenförmige Querbindungen, deren Schlau- fen 2 aus den Rippenkanten 1 hervorragen, verstärkt. Die Schlaufen 2 verlängern sohin die Rippen 1 bzw. die durch die Rippen geschaffenen Verbundflächen. Jede Querbindung ist daher eine förmliche Naht und mit den Schlaufen in den Betonkernen fest eingeschlossen. Durch verbandsmässiges   Über-und Ineinan-   greifen der Rippen 1 sowie ihrer Querbindungen, ist eine völlig starre, auf Zug beanspruchbare Verbirr dung zwischen Betonkernen und Dämmschichten geschaffen. Die Rippen 1 der nach Fig. 1 vorgefer- tigten Dämmschicht aus geeigneten   Schall-und Wärmedämmstoffen, z. B. Schaumstoffen,   Faserwolle u. dgl. künstlicher oder natürlicher Art, sind unter 450 abgeschrägt.

   Die Querbindungen 2 bestehen aus einem die Temperaturen nicht leitenden Kunststoff mit bestimmter Zugfestigkeit. Mit 3 sind die unter 450 ab- geschrägten Haftflächen der Rippen bezeichnet. Zwischen letzteren und den Kanten der Rippen 1 ver- bleibt ein Stauraum. Ferner sind die Dämmschichten an den   Stoss- und   Lagerstellen mit überhöhten Wöl- bungen 4 versehen, wodurch beim Versetzen der Steine Pressfugen 5 gebildet werden. Mit 8 sind Fugen- rippen zur Trennung des Binders zwischen Dämmschichten und Tragteilen bezeichnet. 



   Praktisch zeigt sich, dass eine Mauer aus solchen Steinen, ununterbrochene, senkrechte Dämmschich- te besitzt, die eine totale Dämmung auch an den Fugen bewirken und keinerlei   Schall- oder Kältebrük-   ken aufweisen. Dabei wird die beabsichtigte Schalldämmung bereits an der Steinaussenseite und die Wär- medämmung an der Steininnenseite erreicht. Durch die Stauräume ist die Dämmwirkung weiterhin er- höht. 



   Der durch die Erfindung erreichbare technische Fortschritt besteht in einer ununterbrochenen Verti-   kaldämmung - ohne Schall- oder   Kältebrücken, im Gegensatz zu den eingangs aufgezählten Verfahren. 



   Die schall- und wärmetechnischen Eigenschaften sind daher wesentlich besser, die statischen Beanspru- chungsmöglichkeiten erhöht, der Preis des Bausteines aber geringer als bei anders   gedämmten   Steinen oder nachträglich gedämmten Mauern. Schliesslich ist durch Fortfall der Eisen- bzw. Metallanker das Gewicht niedriger als bei andern Steinen gleicher Grösse. 



   PATENTANSPRÜCHE : 
1. Baustein aus Beton mit eingeschlossenen Dämmschichten und in diesen zur Aufnahme von Zug- spannungen angeordneten Querverbindungen, zum Aufbau von schall-und wärmeisolierendem Mauerwerk, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen den tragenden Betonstegen (7) mindestens je eine aus vorzugswei- se Faser- und Kunststoft bestehende Schall- und Wärmedämmschicht angeordnet ist, deren Längsseiten mit horizontal verlaufenden, unter 450   abgeschrägten,   prismatischen Rippen   (1)   versehen sind und in je- dem Rippenpaar   schlangentörmig   gewundene, aus einem die Temperatur nicht leitenden Kunststoff bestehende Quereinlagen besitzen, deren Schlaufen (2) aus den Kanten der Rippen hervorragen, wodurch bei der Herstellung des Bausteines,   z.

   B.   im Vibroverfahren, eine innige Verbindung von   Trag-und Damm-   schicht gewährleistet ist.



   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



  Building block made of concrete with enclosed insulation layers
It is known that normal walls made of artificial stones have a low level of heat and sound insulation. It has thus generally been attempted to eliminate this disadvantage, u. between on the one hand by the inclusion of cavities to improve the thermal insulation and on the other hand by the inclusion of insulating layers for sound and heat insulation.



   The former methods used increase the thermal insulation of the building blocks, but this is significantly reduced again at the stone edges, butt and bed joints, by cold bridges, especially when using cement or extended cement mortar, the processing of which is usually prescribed when laying hollow stones. With continuous cavities such. B. burned stones, a large part of the cavities is also filled with mortar during the masonry work, so that within an outer wall a considerable part of the area, namely about 1/5 - 1/4 is no longer insulated.



   The second way of achieving an increased insulating effect by including insulating layers has been followed with success, especially with panels or other large-area building elements. However, these elements cannot be used to build walls because they do not meet the structural requirements. In addition, the various designs of the masonry can not be carried out with panels of larger dimensions. So these elements only have to be used for the construction of partition walls, ceilings, etc. like meaning.



   For the production of building blocks, a method is also known in which two lateral, load-bearing parts, between which insulating or insulating layers are enclosed, are connected by means of metal or iron anchors. In order to create a favorable prerequisite for the static load, however, a relatively large number of anchors must be inserted.



   The disadvantage here is that the insertion of anchors makes the stone more expensive and such iron or metal anchors only create one connection between two opposite points.



   It follows that between the flat, vertical contact surfaces of the insulation layers and the vertical surfaces of the load-bearing parts of the stone, there is no firm connection that can be subjected to tensile stress. Furthermore, the effect achieved on the one hand by insulation through strong sound and cold bridges (anchors and joints) is almost eliminated, and finally there are cold bridges that are undesirable, especially in outer walls, since the same (anchor points) become sweat points in frost.

   It is the object of the invention to create a building block which meets the static requirements and which is multiple, namely sound and heat insulated, but has no sound or cold bridges, with no cold bridges being formed even when a wall is being built the disadvantages mentioned above do not apply.



   This task is achieved in that the building block consists of continuous, vertical, inherently durable insulation layers for sound and heat, with prismatic, horizontal ribs on the long sides, from the edges of which the loops of serpentine cross connections, consisting of plastic, protrude and several Concrete cores is formed, which are connected to one another in such a way that there is a uniform, stable building block.



   The drawing illustrates embodiments of the invention, u. Between. Fig. 1 shows an insulation layer as it comes into consideration for the production of the new blocks, Fig. 2 shows a self-sealing press joint with parts of the insulation layers and the finished block and Fig. 3 shows the block itself.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 



   The building block consists of at least three load-bearing concrete cores 7, u. between a stronger central, and a weaker, laterally arranged concrete core, as well as at least one sound insulation layer 6 in the outside and a heat insulation layer 6 in the inside of the stone. Both long sides of the insulation layers are provided with horizontally running, prismatic ribs 1.



   The opposing ribs are also reinforced by serpentine transverse bonds, the loops 2 of which protrude from the rib edges 1. The loops 2 thus extend the ribs 1 or the bonded surfaces created by the ribs. Each cross connection is therefore a formal seam and firmly enclosed with the loops in the concrete cores. By engaging the ribs 1 and their cross connections over and into one another, a completely rigid connection between the concrete cores and the insulating layers that can be subjected to tensile stress is created. The ribs 1 of the insulation layer prefabricated according to FIG. 1 made of suitable sound and heat insulation materials, e.g. B. foams, fiber wool and. Like. Artificial or natural, are beveled at 450.

   The cross links 2 consist of a temperature-non-conductive plastic with a certain tensile strength. 3 designates the adhesive surfaces of the ribs which are beveled at 450. A storage space remains between the latter and the edges of the ribs 1. In addition, the insulation layers at the joint and bearing points are provided with raised bulges 4, so that compression joints 5 are formed when the stones are moved. Joint ribs for separating the binder between insulation layers and supporting parts are designated by 8.



   In practice, it has been shown that a wall made of such stones has uninterrupted, vertical insulation layers, which also provide total insulation at the joints and have no sound or cold bridges. The intended sound insulation is achieved on the outside of the stone and the heat insulation on the inside of the stone. The insulating effect is further increased by the storage spaces.



   The technical progress that can be achieved by the invention consists in uninterrupted vertical insulation - without sound or cold bridges, in contrast to the methods listed above.



   The acoustical and thermal properties are therefore much better, the static load possibilities are increased, but the price of the building block is lower than with differently insulated stones or subsequently insulated walls. Finally, because the iron or metal anchors are omitted, the weight is lower than with other stones of the same size.



   PATENT CLAIMS:
1. Building block made of concrete with enclosed insulating layers and cross connections arranged in these to absorb tensile stresses, for the construction of sound and heat insulating masonry, characterized in that between the load-bearing concrete webs (7) at least one each of preferably fiber and A sound and thermal insulation layer consisting of plastic is arranged, the long sides of which are provided with horizontally running prismatic ribs (1) which are beveled at 450 and in each pair of ribs have serpentine cross inserts made of a non-conductive plastic, the loops of which (2 ) protrude from the edges of the ribs, whereby in the manufacture of the block, z.

   B. in the vibro process, an intimate connection between the base and dam layer is guaranteed.

 

Claims (1)

2. Baustein nach Anspruch l, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die unter 450 abgeschrägten Rippen der Dämmschichten, vergrösserte Haftflächen (3) bilden, welche eine günstigere Verbindung zwischen Dämmschichten und Betonkernen ergeben. 2. Building block according to claim l, characterized in that the ribs beveled at 450 Forming insulating layers, enlarged adhesive surfaces (3), which result in a more favorable connection between insulating layers and concrete cores. 3. Baustein nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämmschichten an den Stoss- und Lagerseiten des Steines überhöhte Wölbungen (4), welche zwischen Rippen (8) eingeschlossen sind, besitzen und beim Versetzen selbstdichtende Pressfugen (5) bilden. 3. Building block according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the insulating layers on the joint and bearing sides of the stone have raised bulges (4), which are enclosed between ribs (8) and form self-sealing press joints (5) when moved.
AT412059A 1959-06-01 1959-06-01 Building block made of concrete with enclosed insulation layers AT216200B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT412059A AT216200B (en) 1959-06-01 1959-06-01 Building block made of concrete with enclosed insulation layers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT412059A AT216200B (en) 1959-06-01 1959-06-01 Building block made of concrete with enclosed insulation layers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AT216200B true AT216200B (en) 1961-07-10

Family

ID=3559915

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT412059A AT216200B (en) 1959-06-01 1959-06-01 Building block made of concrete with enclosed insulation layers

Country Status (1)

Country Link
AT (1) AT216200B (en)

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