AT214329B - Device for the continuous production of guns and propellants - Google Patents

Device for the continuous production of guns and propellants

Info

Publication number
AT214329B
AT214329B AT375058A AT375058A AT214329B AT 214329 B AT214329 B AT 214329B AT 375058 A AT375058 A AT 375058A AT 375058 A AT375058 A AT 375058A AT 214329 B AT214329 B AT 214329B
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
propellants
zone
nitrocellulose
continuous production
guns
Prior art date
Application number
AT375058A
Other languages
German (de)
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel Ag filed Critical Dynamit Nobel Ag
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AT214329B publication Critical patent/AT214329B/en

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/297Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder at several locations, e.g. using several hoppers or using a separate additive feeding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/385Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using two or more serially arranged screws in separate barrels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/53Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/57Screws provided with kneading disc-like elements, e.g. with oval-shaped elements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0075Shaping the mixture by extrusion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/14Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/14Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
    • B29C48/147Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration after the die nozzle
    • B29C48/1472Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration after the die nozzle at the die nozzle exit zone

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Description

  

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  Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von   Schiess- und   Treibmitteln 
Organische Nitrate bzw. Nitrokörper bilden den Hauptbestandteil von Schiesspulvern und Treibsätzen, wobei z. B. bei der Grundmasse Nitrocellulose in Kombination mit dieser andere treibkräftige Zusätze verwendet werden. Als solche Zusätze kommen in Betracht z. B. Nitroglycerin und/oder Diglykoldinitrat, Nitroisobutylglycerin, Nitropenta, Hexogen, Nitroguanidin und Ammoniumnitrat. Ferner werden Weichmacher und Stabilisatoren zugesetzt. Diese Zusätze werden in die Grundmasse hineingearbeitet, wobei mannigfaltige Einzelverfahren Verwendung finden. So wird z.

   B. bei der Herstellung dieser Pulver und Treibsätze aus der Grundmasse Nitrocellulose die im Wasser aufgeschlämmt Nitrocellulose mit Sprengöl gelatiniert, wobei dann die weiteren Zusätze nach Abscheidung des Wassers mittels gesonderter Vorrichtungen eingearbeitet werden. Bei alkoholfeuchter Nitrocellulose, die durch Verdrängung des Wassers mittels Alkohol in einer Zentrifuge gewonnen wird, gibt man diese in ein Knetwerk unter Hinzufügung eines Lösungsmittels, z. B. Äther oder Aceton. Hiebei wird die Nitrocellulose plastifiziert und muss dann in einem gesonderten Arbeitsgang in einer Strangpresse geformt werden. Nach dem Trocknen werden die Formlinge durch eine Schneidemaschine in die gewünschte Länge geschnitten. 



   Man hat auch schon vorgeschlagen, vorgelatinierte Nitrocellulose in Schnitzelform in geheizte Schneckenpressen einzuführen, um zu plastifizieren, wobei aus der Matrize der Schneckenpresse die Nitrocellulose in den gewünschten Profilen als endloser Strang austritt. Bei den genannten Verfahren sind aber immer nur einzelne, voneinander getrennte Verarbeitungsstufen vorhanden, d. h. dass an verschiedenen Stellen während einer längeren Zeit immer wiederkehrende Gefahren von Bränden und Explosionen vorhanden sind, die nicht nur durch die Pulvermassen selbst, sondern vorwiegend durch die unkontrollierbaren Verluste von Lösungsmitteln, so   z. B.   Äther, bedingt sind.

   Ein vollautomatisches Arbeitsverfahren setzt aber ein vollkommen kontinuierliches Verfahren zur Herstellung von Pulvern und Treibsätzen voraus, u. zw. mit einer einheitlichen und abgeschlossenen Vorrichtung. 



   Dieses kontinuierliche Verfahren wird nun   inder erfindungsgemässen kombinierten Vorrichtung   durchgeführt und kann nicht nur für die Herstellung von Pulvern und Treibsätzen auf Basis Nitrocellulose Verwendung finden, sondern auch auf Basis organischer Nitrokörper, so z. B. Tri/Dinitrotoluol. So führt die Arbeitsweise der Vorrichtung   z. B.   im Falle der Verwendung von Nitrocellulose als Grundmasse dieser Pulver und Treibsätze von der wasserfeuchten Nitrocellulose bis zum fertigen Pulverformling, ohne dass Unterbrechungen in den Arbeitsstufen bzw. Transporten von einer Vorrichtung zur andern bestehen.

   Das Verfahren wird in der vollkommen abgeschlossenen erfindungsgemässen Apparatur durchgeführt, so dass die Gefahr von Bränden und Explosionen ausgeschaltet ist, wobei gleichzeitig im Falle der Herstellung von lösungsmittelhaltigen Pulvermassen eine Wiedergewinnung der Lösungsmittel gewährleistet ist. Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von.   Schiess- und   Treibmitteln mit oder ohne Verwendung von Lösungsmitteln ist gekennzeichnet durch eine Doppel- oder Mehrspindel-Schnekkenpresse, bei der Einspeisevorrichtungen für flüssige oder feste Zusatzkomponenten vorgesehen sein können, wobei die Presse aufeinanderfolgend eine drucklose Zone als Mischzone, eine druckerzeugende Zone als   Verdrängungs- bzw.   Abscheidezone und je eine drucklose Zone als   Knet- bzw.   Austragszone aufweist.

   An die Austragszone schliesst vorzugsweise ein geschlossener, heizbarer Kanal, der an eine Ab- 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 2> 

 saugvorrichtung angeschlossen werden kann, und eine Formgebungsschnecke   an, hinter deren Mundstlick   eine Schneidevorrichtung vorgesehen sein kann. 



   Aus der Zeichnung ist ein Schema der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung zu ersehen. Die Grundmasse, die zur Herstellung des Pulvers oder eines Treibsatzes Verwendung findet, z. B. wasserfeuchte Nitrocellulose, befindet sich im Vorratsbehälter   1,   während sich die erforderlichen Zusätze in den Vorratsbehältern 2 und 3 befinden. Je nach Zahl der Zusätze können   naturlich   mehrere Vorratsbehälter vorhanden sein. Über die Dosier-Vorrichtungen 4 wird die Grundmasse mit den Zusätzen vermischt und gelangt in die Mischzone 5 der Doppel- bzw. Mehrfachschnecke 6. Dann gelangt die Masse in die Verdrängungsbzw. Abscheidungszone 7 und wird weiter der Knetzone 8 zugeführt. Mit Hilfe der Dosier-Vorrichtungen 9 und 10 können am Anfang der Knetzone noch weitere Zusätze zugegeben werden, so z. B.

   Lösungsmittel (Äther, Aceton), Weichmacher und Gleitmittel. Die sich anschliessende Austragszone 11 führt die Pulvermasse durch eine Matrize entweder in Schnitzelform oder in Strangform in den Kanal 12, der nach Bedarf beheizt und/oder an das Absauge-System 13 angeschlossen ist. Hienach gelangt die Masse in die Formgebungsschnecke 14. Durch die ProfildUsen dieser Formgebungsschnecke tritt die Pulvermasse aus und kann unmittelbar anschliessend durch eine Schneidevorrichtung 15 in die gewünschte Form gebracht werden. Die Heizung des Kanals 12 wird dann eingeschaltet, wenn von wasserhaltigen Pulvergrundmassen ausgegangen wird, um die letzten Anteile des Wassers herauszuholen. Bei lösungsmittelhaltigen Pulvermassen wird nur die Absaugevorrichtung in Tätigkeit gebracht. 



   Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung beseitigt die Gefahrenmomente, die z. B. bei lösungsmittelhaltigen Pulvermassen in der Bildung der explosiven Lösungsmittel-Luftgemische liegen. Weiterhin wird durch diese kontinuierliche und automatisch steuerbare Arbeitsweise der Vorrichtung eine Homogenität der Pulvermassen erreicht, wie sie früher nur durch zusätzliche Operationen, z. B. durch Zwischenschaltung von Blockpressen, erreicht wurde. 



   PATENTANSPRÜCHE : 
1. Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von   Schiess- und   Treibmitteln mit oder ohne Verwendung von Lösungsmitteln, gekennzeichnet durch eine   Doppel- oder Mehrspindel-Schneckenpresse   (6), bei der Einspeisevorrichtungen (1, 2, 3, 9,10) fur flüssige oder feste Zusatzkomponenten vorgesehen sein können, wobei die Presse (6) aufeinanderfolgend eine drucklose Zone (5) als Mischzone, eine druckerzeugende Zone (7) als   Verdrängungs- bzw.   Abscheidezone und je eine drucklose Zone als   Knet- bzw.   



  Austragszone (8 bzw. 11) aufweist.



   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



  Device for the continuous production of guns and propellants
Organic nitrates or nitro bodies form the main component of gunpowder and propellant charges. B. with the base material nitrocellulose in combination with this other driving force additives are used. As such additives come into consideration z. B. nitroglycerin and / or diglycol dinitrate, nitroisobutylglycerin, nitropenta, hexogen, nitroguanidine and ammonium nitrate. Plasticizers and stabilizers are also added. These additives are worked into the base mass, using a variety of individual processes. So z.

   B. in the production of these powders and propellants from the base material nitrocellulose, the slurried in water nitrocellulose gelatinized with blasting oil, then the other additives are incorporated after separation of the water by means of separate devices. In the case of alcohol-moist nitrocellulose, which is obtained by displacing the water with alcohol in a centrifuge, this is added to a kneader with the addition of a solvent, e.g. B. ether or acetone. The nitrocellulose is plasticized and then has to be shaped in an extrusion press in a separate operation. After drying, the moldings are cut to the desired length by a cutting machine.



   It has also already been proposed to introduce pregelatinized nitrocellulose in the form of chips into heated screw presses in order to plasticize, the nitrocellulose emerging from the die of the screw press in the desired profiles as an endless strand. In the processes mentioned, however, there are always only individual, separate processing stages; H. that recurring dangers of fires and explosions are present at various points over a long period of time, which are not only caused by the powder masses themselves, but primarily by the uncontrollable loss of solvents, e.g. B. ether, are conditional.

   A fully automatic working process requires a completely continuous process for the production of powders and propellants, u. betw. with a uniform and self-contained device.



   This continuous process is now carried out in the combined device according to the invention and can not only be used for the production of powders and propellants based on nitrocellulose, but also based on organic nitro bodies, e.g. B. tri / dinitrotoluene. Thus, the operation of the device z. B. in the case of using nitrocellulose as the base of these powders and propellants from the water-moist nitrocellulose to the finished powder molding, without interruptions in the work stages or transports from one device to another.

   The process is carried out in the completely enclosed apparatus according to the invention, so that the risk of fires and explosions is eliminated, while at the same time recovery of the solvent is ensured in the case of the production of solvent-containing powder compositions. The inventive device for the continuous production of. Shooting and propellants with or without the use of solvents is characterized by a double or multi-spindle screw press, in which feed devices for liquid or solid additional components can be provided, the press successively a pressureless zone as a mixing zone, a pressure-generating zone as a displacement or Has a separation zone and a pressureless zone each as a kneading or discharge zone.

   The discharge zone is preferably closed by a closed, heatable channel which is connected to a discharge

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 Suction device can be connected, and a shaping screw, behind whose mouth a cutting device can be provided.



   A diagram of the device according to the invention can be seen from the drawing. The basic mass that is used to produce the powder or a propellant, e.g. B. water-moist nitrocellulose is in the storage container 1, while the necessary additives are in the storage containers 2 and 3. Depending on the number of additives, there can of course be several storage containers. The base mass is mixed with the additives via the dosing devices 4 and enters the mixing zone 5 of the twin or multiple screw 6. Then the mass enters the displacement or. Separation zone 7 and is further fed to the kneading zone 8. With the help of the dosing devices 9 and 10, further additives can be added at the beginning of the kneading zone, for example. B.

   Solvents (ether, acetone), plasticizers and lubricants. The subsequent discharge zone 11 guides the powder mass through a die either in the form of chips or in strand form into the channel 12, which is heated and / or connected to the suction system 13 as required. The mass then passes into the shaping screw 14. The powder mass emerges through the profile nozzles of this shaping worm and can then immediately be brought into the desired shape by a cutting device 15. The heating of the channel 12 is switched on when a water-containing powder base is used to get the last of the water out. In the case of powder masses containing solvents, only the suction device is activated.



   The inventive device eliminates the hazards that z. B. with solvent-containing powder masses in the formation of explosive solvent-air mixtures. Furthermore, this continuous and automatically controllable mode of operation of the device achieves a homogeneity of the powder masses, as was previously only achieved by additional operations, e.g. B. by interposing block presses was achieved.



   PATENT CLAIMS:
1. Device for the continuous production of shooting and propellants with or without the use of solvents, characterized by a double or multi-spindle screw press (6), with the feed devices (1, 2, 3, 9, 10) for liquid or solid additional components can be provided, the press (6) successively a pressureless zone (5) as a mixing zone, a pressure-generating zone (7) as a displacement or separation zone and a pressureless zone each as a kneading or separation zone.



  Has discharge zone (8 or 11).

 

Claims (1)

2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an die Austragszone (11) ein geschlossener, heizbarer Kanal (12), der an eine Absaugvorrichtung (13) angeschlossen werden kann, und eine Formgebungsschnecke (14) anschliesst, hinter deren Mundstück eine Schneidevorrichtung (15) vorgesehen ist. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a closed, heatable channel (12) which can be connected to a suction device (13) and a shaping screw (14) connects to the discharge zone (11), behind the mouthpiece of which a cutting device is connected (15) is provided.
AT375058A 1957-08-09 1958-05-28 Device for the continuous production of guns and propellants AT214329B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED26179A DE1048212B (en) 1957-08-09 1957-08-09 Device for the continuous production of gunpowder and propellants

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AT214329B true AT214329B (en) 1961-03-27

Family

ID=7038804

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT375058A AT214329B (en) 1957-08-09 1958-05-28 Device for the continuous production of guns and propellants

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AT (1) AT214329B (en)
CH (1) CH372581A (en)
DE (1) DE1048212B (en)
FR (1) FR1199918A (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1213325B (en) * 1962-11-21 1966-03-24 Aerojet General Co Process for the production of solid propellants
FR2325491A1 (en) * 1975-09-25 1977-04-22 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITIONS PURLING PROCESS, AND SCREW PADDING
DE3042697C2 (en) * 1980-11-12 1986-02-20 WNC-Nitrochemie GmbH, 8261 Aschau Process for the continuous production of monobasic powders
DE3500067C2 (en) * 1985-01-03 1986-10-30 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München Process for the production of combustible cases based on nitrocellulose as ammunition molded part for barrel weapons
DE3500068C1 (en) * 1985-01-03 1986-07-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München Process for producing propellant charge powders by extrusion
DE10241466B4 (en) * 2001-12-14 2006-05-24 Henkel Kgaa Inline blending and shaping of water-soluble polymers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH372581A (en) 1963-10-15
FR1199918A (en) 1959-12-17
DE1048212B (en) 1958-12-31

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