AT203131B - Lubricant for improving working conditions in the extrusion and hot working of metals - Google Patents

Lubricant for improving working conditions in the extrusion and hot working of metals

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Publication number
AT203131B
AT203131B AT235458A AT235458A AT203131B AT 203131 B AT203131 B AT 203131B AT 235458 A AT235458 A AT 235458A AT 235458 A AT235458 A AT 235458A AT 203131 B AT203131 B AT 203131B
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
lubricant
sep
metals
extrusion
working
Prior art date
Application number
AT235458A
Other languages
German (de)
Original Assignee
Louyot Comptoir Lyon Alemand
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Louyot Comptoir Lyon Alemand filed Critical Louyot Comptoir Lyon Alemand
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AT203131B publication Critical patent/AT203131B/en

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04Elements
    • C10M2201/041Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04Elements
    • C10M2201/041Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/042Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/12Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/24Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/241Manufacturing joint-less pipes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/242Hot working
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/243Cold working
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/244Metal working of specific metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/244Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/245Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/244Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/246Iron or steel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/244Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/247Stainless steel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10Semi-solids; greasy

Landscapes

  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Description

  

   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 



  Schmiermittel zum Verbessern der Arbeitsbedingungen beim Strangpressen und
Warmbearbeiten von Metallen 
Die vorliegende Erfindung hat zum Ziel, all- gemein die Bedingungen beim Warm-Strangpres- sen von Metallen und Legierungen zu verbessern, besonders von Metallen von grosser Zähigkeit und hohem Schmelzpunkt, wie Nickel, seine Legie- rungen und alle Arten von Stahl. 



   Das Strangpressen dieser Metalle vollzieht sich meist nur unter sehr hohen Drücken und auf Kosten eines raschen Verschleisses der Matrizen. 



  Um diesen Verschleiss herabzusetzen und das Ausstossen des Stranges zu erleichtern, hat man bereits für das Arbeiten bei hohen Temperaturen ein Schmiermittel angewandt, das aus einer Zusammensetzung besteht, die mehr oder weniger kolloidalen Graphit als Grundsubstanz enthält. 



  Der Film, der über das zu verpressende Metall   gelegt wird, ist. dünn und   haftet nur unvollkommen an der Matrize. Während zu Beginn des Arbeitsvorganges das Presserzeugnis durch ein Zuviel an Graphit verschmiert ist, steht es am Ende des Pressvorganges fast in unmittelbar metallischer Berührung mit der Matrize : es kommt zu einem Zerreissen des Schmiermittelfilms und als Folge davon zu Oberflächenschäden und Riefen am Strang. 



   Um diese Art von Schmiermittel zu ersetzen, hat man vorgeschlagen, zwischen das Presswerkzeug und, das eine Ende des Blockes eine Scheibe aus Glasmasse zu legen, die unter der Wirkung der vom Metall aufgespeicherten Hitze zu einer klebrigen Masse schmilzt und so um das Metall herum einen schmierenden Film bildet. 



   Um dem Abkühlen des Blockes entgegenzuwirken, hat man auch bereits vorgeschlagen. in gleicher Weise zusammengeballte poröse Klumpen (Galetten) zu verwenden, die aus einer exothermen Mischung bestehen, der man vorzugsweise Graphit hinzufügt und die teilweise in Reaktion tritt und in zweiter Linie auch schmierend wirkt. 



   Die vorliegende Erfindung hat zum Ziel, das zu verpressende Metall unmittelbar vor seinem Eintritt in die Matrize mit einem Schmiermittel solcher Art zu umkleiden, das sich insbesondere   dazu eignet, ohne Unterbrechungen zusammen mit dem Metall in die Matrize einzufliessen.   



   Dieses Schmiermittel besteht im wesentlichen aus einer homogenen wasserfreien Mischung von Graphit und Zucker. Die Mischung kann im Augenblick der Verwendung hergestellt oder schon vorher durch Verrühren oder auch in einer Suspension in 01 oder mineralischen sowie pflanzlichen Fetten zubereitet werden. 



   Die Zucker und Graphitanteile richten sich nach der Art des zu verpressenden Metalles. 



   Zucker nimmt bei den Strangpresstemperaturen einen viskosen Zustand an, welcher die Adhäsion der Schmiermittelmischung an den Arbeitsflächen der Matrize und des zu verpressenden Metalles sichert. Die Adhäsion ist hiebei wesentlich sicherer und dauerhafter als wenn die bekannten bei Arbeitstemperatur viskosen Stoffe, wie beispielsweise Glas, oder die bei Arbeitstemperaturen flüs-   sigen   Stoffe, wie beispielsweise Soda, verwendet werden. 



   Folgende Beispiele erläutern einige sehr einfache Arten der Zubereitung des Schmiermittels nach der Erfindung, ohne diese jedoch darauf zu   beschränken.   



    Beispiel l :   Einem Gemisch, das durch Eintragen von Madagaskar-Graphit-Schuppen im kalten Zustand in eine Suspension von kolloidalem Graphit hergestellt worden ist, wird je nach Bedarf 1 bis 100   Gew.-/o   Zucker zugefügt, je nach Temperatur und Art des zu verarbeitenden Metalls oder der Legierung. Darauf wird die Mischung verrührt.

   Zum Strangpressen von Nickel sind beispielsweise folgende Anteile in   Gew.-"/o   am vorteilhaftesten : 
 EMI1.1 
 
<tb> 
<tb> kolloidaler <SEP> Graphit <SEP> in <SEP> Suspension <SEP> 48, <SEP> 50/0. <SEP> 
<tb> gewohnlicher <SEP> Madagaskar-Graphit <SEP> in
<tb> Schuppenform <SEP> 38, <SEP> 50/o <SEP> 
<tb> Zucker <SEP> er <SEP> 130/0 <SEP> 
<tb> 
   Beispiel 2 :   In ein schwefelfreies Pflanzen-   oder Mineralöl gibt man Madagaskar-GraphitSchuppen und Zucker in folgendem Verhältnis :    
 EMI1.2 
 
<tb> 
<tb> Graphitschuppen <SEP> l <SEP> bis <SEP> 95fJ/o
<tb> Zucker <SEP> 1 <SEP> bis <SEP> 95%
<tb> Rest <SEP> öl
<tb> 
 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 2> 

 Beispiel 3 : Man verwendet Zucker, der nur Spuren von mehr oder weniger kolloidalem Graphit enthält. 



   Dieses Schmiermittel kann unmittelbar auf diejenige Stirnfläche des Blockes aufgetragen werden, die zuerst in Berührung mit der Matrize tritt, oder in Form eines Zylinders von geringer Höhe, den man im Augenblick des Pressens zwischen die Matrize und den Block einschiebt. 
 EMI2.1 
 rekt erfolgen. Es kann jedoch auch erforderlich sein, auf den Träger des Schmiermittels eine Haftschicht aufzubringen, die dadurch erzeugt wird, dass man ihn mit kolloidalem gelöstenGraphit bestreicht, den man dann in einer Trokkenkammer oder durch Infrarotbestrahlung trocknet oder härtet. 



   Dieses Schmiermittel ist gleicherweise für jede Art von Warmbearbeitung von Metallen und Legierungen geeignet, insbesondere aber für das Warm-Lochen von   Metallblocken,   wenn dieser Arbeitsvorgang ausserhalb des Aufnehmens einer 
 EMI2.2 
 
PATENTANSPRÜCHE :
1. Schmiermittel zum Verbessern. der Arbeitbedingungen beim Strangpressen   und Warmfbe-   arbeiten von Metallen und Legierungen, insbe-   sondere   solchen von erhöhter Zähigkeit und hohem Schmelzpunkt, wie Nickel und allen Arten von Stählen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es im wesentlichen aus einer homogenen wasserfreien Mischung von Zucker und Graphit besteht.



   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



  Lubricants to improve working conditions in extrusion and
Hot working of metals
The aim of the present invention is to generally improve the conditions during the hot extrusion of metals and alloys, particularly metals of great toughness and high melting point, such as nickel, its alloys and all types of steel.



   These metals are usually only extruded under very high pressures and at the expense of rapid wear on the dies.



  In order to reduce this wear and tear and to facilitate the ejection of the strand, a lubricant has already been used for working at high temperatures which consists of a composition which contains more or less colloidal graphite as the basic substance.



  The film that is placed over the metal to be pressed is. thin and only imperfectly adheres to the die. While at the beginning of the working process the pressed product is smeared with too much graphite, at the end of the pressing process it is in almost direct metallic contact with the die: the lubricant film tears and as a result surface damage and scoring on the strand.



   To replace this type of lubricant, it has been proposed to place a disk of glass mass between the pressing tool and one end of the block, which under the action of the heat accumulated by the metal melts into a sticky mass and so around the metal lubricating film forms.



   In order to counteract the cooling of the block, one has already proposed. to use in the same way agglomerated porous lumps (galettes), which consist of an exothermic mixture, to which graphite is preferably added and which partly reacts and also has a lubricating effect in the second place.



   The aim of the present invention is to coat the metal to be pressed immediately before it enters the die with a lubricant of the type which is particularly suitable for flowing into the die together with the metal without interruptions.



   This lubricant consists essentially of a homogeneous, anhydrous mixture of graphite and sugar. The mixture can be prepared at the moment of use or prepared beforehand by stirring or in a suspension in oil or mineral and vegetable fats.



   The sugar and graphite proportions depend on the type of metal to be pressed.



   At extrusion temperatures, sugar takes on a viscous state, which ensures the adhesion of the lubricant mixture to the working surfaces of the die and the metal to be pressed. The adhesion is much safer and more permanent than if the known substances that are viscous at working temperature, such as glass, or substances that are liquid at working temperatures, such as soda, are used.



   The following examples illustrate some very simple ways of preparing the lubricant according to the invention, but without restricting them to them.



    Example 1: To a mixture which has been produced by introducing Madagascar graphite flakes in the cold state into a suspension of colloidal graphite, 1 to 100% by weight of sugar is added as required, depending on the temperature and the type of sugar processing metal or alloy. The mixture is then stirred.

   For example, the following proportions in% by weight are most advantageous for the extrusion of nickel:
 EMI1.1
 
<tb>
<tb> colloidal <SEP> graphite <SEP> in <SEP> suspension <SEP> 48, <SEP> 50/0. <SEP>
<tb> common <SEP> Madagascar graphite <SEP> in
<tb> Scale form <SEP> 38, <SEP> 50 / o <SEP>
<tb> Sugar <SEP> er <SEP> 130/0 <SEP>
<tb>
   Example 2: Madagascar graphite flakes and sugar are added to a sulfur-free vegetable or mineral oil in the following ratio:
 EMI1.2
 
<tb>
<tb> graphite flakes <SEP> l <SEP> to <SEP> 95fJ / o
<tb> Sugar <SEP> 1 <SEP> to <SEP> 95%
<tb> rest <SEP> oil
<tb>
 

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 Example 3: Sugar is used which contains only traces of more or less colloidal graphite.



   This lubricant can be applied directly to the face of the block which first comes into contact with the die, or in the form of a cylinder of small height that is inserted between the die and the block at the moment of pressing.
 EMI2.1
 done straight. However, it may also be necessary to apply an adhesive layer to the lubricant carrier, which is produced by coating it with colloidal dissolved graphite, which is then dried or cured in a drying chamber or by infrared radiation.



   This lubricant is equally suitable for any type of hot working of metals and alloys, but especially for hot-punching metal blocks, if this operation is outside of the taking of a
 EMI2.2
 
PATENT CLAIMS:
1. Lubricants for improvement. the working conditions during extrusion and hot working of metals and alloys, especially those of increased toughness and high melting point, such as nickel and all types of steels, characterized in that it consists essentially of a homogeneous anhydrous mixture of sugar and graphite.

 

Claims (1)

2. Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch EMI2.3 gekennzeichnet, dass es etwa 50% suspendierten kolloidalenGraphit, 40%Madagaskar-GraphitSchuppen und lO'/ft Kristallzucker enthält. 2. Lubricant according to claim 1, characterized EMI2.3 characterized as containing approximately 50% suspended colloidal graphite, 40% Madagascar graphite flakes and 10 '/ ft of granulated sugar. 4, Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es im wesentlichen eine Suspension von Graphitschuppen und Zucker zu verschiedenen Anteilen in pflanzlichem oder mineralischem öl enthält. 4, lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that it essentially contains a suspension of graphite flakes and sugar in various proportions in vegetable or mineral oil.
AT235458A 1957-04-01 1958-04-01 Lubricant for improving working conditions in the extrusion and hot working of metals AT203131B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR203131X 1957-04-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AT203131B true AT203131B (en) 1959-04-25

Family

ID=8880151

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT235458A AT203131B (en) 1957-04-01 1958-04-01 Lubricant for improving working conditions in the extrusion and hot working of metals

Country Status (1)

Country Link
AT (1) AT203131B (en)

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