AT10064U1 - DISTRIBUTION DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

2 AT 010 064 U1

The present invention relates to a distributor device for fluids of an internal combustion engine which can be operated alternately with at least two different types of fuel and which has a distributor block in which a fluid conduit system is provided in the interior which can be brought into connection with external connection lines via connection devices provided from the outside and provided on the distributor block.

To create an alternative to fossil fuels such as gasoline and diesel, internal combustion engines have already been developed that can be operated with alternative renewable fuel types. An example of such internal combustion engines are diesel engines that have been converted to operation with vegetable oil. This is known in the art. Since the vegetable oil has a higher viscosity than diesel, it is necessary in the prior art to operate the engine for starting up from the cold state to operating temperature first with diesel, and then to switch to vegetable oil after reaching the operating temperature. Before the cooling of such internal combustion engines, it is then again necessary to flush the fuel supply system with diesel so that the vegetable oil can not cool down after stopping the internal combustion engine and can clog the fuel supply system. Overall, therefore, an operation with two types of fuel stored in different tanks is provided. In order to be able to supply the respective desired type of fuel to the engine, generic distributor devices are known in the prior art. These are usually designed in the form of cabinets in which a variety of lines, valves, probes, pumps u. Like. Is arranged. These types of distribution devices require a high degree of installation effort. In addition, they have the disadvantage of a relatively large amount of space. To achieve an improvement here, it is already known through public prior use to provide a generic distribution device with a manifold block, wherein in the interior of the manifold block, a fluid conduit system is provided. The pumps, valves, probes and heaters needed to operate the manifold are attached externally to the prior art manifold block. Although this represents an improvement. By the outside attachments to the distribution block but is still a relatively large amount of space to complain.

The object of the invention is therefore to improve a generic distribution device to the effect that the space required for them can be reduced. This is achieved according to the invention by a distributor device according to claim 1.

A basic idea of the invention is thus to provide one or more receiving cavities in the interior of the distributor block, into which measuring organs or measuring heads and / or pumping elements and / or heating elements such as, for B. heating coils o. The like. And / or switching orange of valves can be introduced. It can be provided that the respective organs partially or preferably completely place in the receiving cavities and thus in the interior of the manifold block, whereby a total of a very compact and small construction of the distribution device is possible. The designation that these receiving cavities extend into the fluid conduit system is to be understood in such a way that the receiving cavities are in contact with the fluid conduit system in such a way that fluid can flow from the receiving cavity into the fluid conduit system and vice versa.

Apart from the fluid conduit system and the receiving cavities in its interior, the distributor block is advantageously designed to be at least 70% by volume, preferably completely, solid. This means that it has possible no voids in its interior except the fluid line system and the receiving cavities. The fluid conduit system can already be cast in the production of the manifold block in this and / or drilled after completion of an ingot in the manifold block.

The fluid line system of the manifold is conveniently designed to carry three different media. On the one hand, this may be the cooling water of the internal combustion engine required for preheating a fuel type, preferably vegetable oil. On the other hand, the fluid line system advantageously also serves to transport and distribute the at least two types of fuel, such as fuel. As vegetable oil and diesel. Even if the distributor device is preferably used for liquid fuels, a distributor device according to the invention can also be used quite well for gaseous fluid fuel types and liquid fuel types or only for gaseous fuel types. In order to be able to transport the individual fluids separately from one another, it is expediently provided that the fluid line system has at least two, preferably four, subfluid piping systems separated from each other in a fluid-tight manner.

In addition to the distributor device, the invention also relates to a corresponding distributor block, which is characterized in that at least one receiving cavity extending into the fluid line system is provided in the interior of the distributor block, in which inside the distributor block a measuring element of a sensor and / or a pump element of a fluid delivery pump and / or or a heating element of a, preferably electric, heating device and / or a switching member of a valve, preferably removable, can be arranged.

The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine having such a distributor device which is designed for at least one operating mode with combustion of a first fuel type, preferably diesel, and for at least a second operating mode with combustion of a second type of fuel, preferably vegetable oil.

Further details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the figures. Showing:

Fig. 1 schematically shows a circuit diagram for the operation of an internal combustion engine with two different types of fuel;

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a distributor device with distributor block according to the invention; FIG.

FIG. 3 shows the fluid conduit system arranged inside the distributor block according to FIG. 2; FIG.

Fig. 4 is a side view of this embodiment and Figs. 5 to 8 different sections through this embodiment.

The circuit diagram shown in FIG. 1 is known in the prior art except for the substantially dashed line pressure control by means of pressure sensor 106b and control device 119, but will nevertheless be briefly explained again. The reference numeral 100 designates the internal combustion engine or the diesel engine with the upstream injection pump 126. The latter is, as is known per se, to suck fuel from the tank 123 and inject it into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 100.

The embodiment shown is equipped for alternate operation with two different types of fuel. In the example shown, the tank 123 is intended for diesel and the tank 124 for vegetable oil. When cold starting the internal combustion engine 100, the flow valve 113a and the return valve 113b are de-energized and are in the position shown in Fig. 1. As a result of the injection pump 126 diesel is sucked from the tank 123 and injected into the cylinder of the diesel engine 100. The unneeded amount of diesel is returned via the return valve 113 b back into the diesel tank 123. During this warm-up phase of the diesel engine 100, its cooling water is heated. This cooling water is, as not explicitly shown, fed to the heat exchanger 122. This serves to heat the vegetable oil from the tank 124. Since this heating of the vegetable oil on the heat exchanger 122 only effective acts when the cooling water has reached a certain temperature can additionally, as shown here, a preferably electrically operated heater 111 may be provided, which also the heating of the vegetable oil from the tank 124 is used.

The injection pumps 126 used in the prior art are designed for operation with relatively low-viscosity types of fuel such as diesel. The vegetable oil possesses especially in the cold 4 AT010 064U1

Condition a higher toughness. In addition, in the construction shown, additional line lengths are taken into account, which, together with the increased toughness or viscosity of the vegetable oil leads to increased line resistance during the suction of this fuel. Injection pumps 126 used in the prior art are overwhelmed by these additional line resistances and would regularly lead to operational failures. To avoid this, a fluid delivery pump 108 is connected downstream of the tank 124 for vegetable oil to compensate for the additional line resistances. This pumps the vegetable oil from the tank 124 in the heat exchanger 122 and from there in the direction of the flow valve 113 a.

In the embodiment known in the prior art without the dashed line control circuit, the delivery rate of the pump 108 is designed so that the maximum pressure required to compensate for the line resistances at any time applied to the flow valve 113a. In order to avoid the build-up of unnecessary overpressure, a bypass line 120 is provided with a pressure control valve 121 and a check valve 125 disposed therein. The pressure control valve 121 ensures a constant pressure level upstream of the flow valve 113a, in that vegetable oil is returned to the tank 124 via the bypass line 120 in the event of overpressure.

The temperature sensor 106a determines when the vegetable oil is sufficiently heated to be used to drive the engine 100 instead of the diesel. For this purpose, the vegetable oil should have conveniently reached a temperature of at least 80 ° C. As soon as the temperature sensor 106a indicates this temperature of the vegetable oil, it is possible to switch over the operating mode with diesel combustion to the mode of operation with vegetable oil combustion either manually or via a control which is not shown here but is known per se. For this purpose, the flow valve 113a and the return valve 113b are brought into their respective second position, not shown here, whereby the injection pump 126 with the assistance of the fluid delivery pump 108 can suck in vegetable oil from the tank 124. Excessively sucked and not injected into the cylinder of the engine 100 vegetable oil is fed back into the vegetable oil tank 124 via the return valve 113b. This represents the operation of the engine in the hot-state with vegetable oil. To prevent clogging of the pipe system by decomposing vegetable oil, the stop valve 113a is returned to the position shown in FIG. 1 before stopping the engine 100, which in turn diesel from the Tank 123 is sucked. This washes the pipes. In this case, the return valve 113b conveniently remains in its switched to the tank 124 position, so that the generated during flushing mixture of vegetable oil and diesel flows back into the vegetable oil tank 124. The flushing process can in turn, as is known, be set manually by the driver or by a corresponding control. The procedure described so far is known in the prior art. Instead of the constant delivery rate of the fluid delivery pump 108 and the pressure control via the pressure control valve 121 and the bypass 120, a pressure regulation of the delivery rate of the pumping element 107 of the fluid delivery pump 108 may be provided in a modified embodiment. This can be achieved by regulating the speed or delivery rate of the pumping element 107 or of the fluid delivery pump 108 as a function of a fluid pressure value tapped via the pressure sensor 106b via the regulating device 119. The pressure sensor 106b should, as shown in FIG. 1, be arranged in the vegetable oil line as close as possible to the flow valve 113a. In this embodiment, as a fluid delivery pump 108 preferably positive displacement pumps, such as. As screw pumps, diaphragm pumps, piston pumps or gear pumps used, since these are particularly well regulated in their capacity.

In the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 1, the bypass line 120 is located downstream of the heat exchanger 122 or the heating device 111, as seen in terms of flow technology. This has the effect that preheated vegetable oil is also conveyed back into the tank via the bypass line 120, which leads to a heating of the tank and the vegetable oil stored therein. If this is not desired, the diversion of the bypass line 120 can also be arranged between the fluid feed pump 108 and the heat exchanger 122. Moreover, in order to reduce the flow rate to the vegetable oil tank 124, it is also possible to return the bypass line 120 immediately before the fluid delivery pump 108, so that the circulation of the overflowing fluid quantity takes place only within the distribution block.

2 now shows a perspective view of a distributor device, in which a fluid line system 102 is embodied in the interior of the distributor block 101 in the form of a system of bores. They are happy to realize the functionalities. 1 measuring elements 105 of the measuring sensor 106a and optionally also 106b and the pump member 107 of the fluid delivery pump 108 and the heating element 110 of the preferably electric heater 111 and the switching elements 112 of the valves 113a, 113b and 121 are preferably removable inside the distributor block 101 in corresponding receiving cavities 104a to 104f arranged. 2 shows a particularly preferred variant of the invention, in which all these organs are housed or screwed as insertion elements completely inside the manifold block 101, which is indeed particularly favorable but not necessarily provided according to the invention. Thus, these organs could also be arranged only partially inside the distribution block 101 or individual of these organs may also be arranged outside or completely omitted.

Arranged outside on the distributor block are the motor 109 of the fluid delivery pump 108, the heat exchanger 122, the connection housings of the supply and return valves 113a and 113b, the connection devices 1 to 4, 6 to 10, 12, 13 and 14, and the connection part of the electric heater 111 and the terminal of the temperature sensor 106a. The pressure sensor 106b not realized in this exemplary embodiment is only indicated by dashed lines in the position in which it would be to be installed.

3 now shows the fluid conduit system 102 arranged in the interior of the distributor block 101 as well as the receiving cavities 104a to 104e extending into the individual subfluid conduit systems 114, 115, 116, 117 of the fluid conduit system 102 and likewise arranged in the interior of the distributor block 101. The receiving cavity 104f of the measuring element 105 of the pressure sensor 106b, which is not realized here, is shown in dashed lines only in its position. For a better understanding, the connections 1 to 14 forming the connection devices 101 on the outside of the distributor block 101 are shown both in FIG. 3 and in FIG. 1.

Two of the four subfluid piping systems 116, 117 of the fluid line system 102 realized in the interior of the distributor block 101 serve to supply and discharge cooling water to the heat exchanger 122. The inlet is realized via the subfluid piping system 116. This is supplied via the terminal 7 with heated cooling water of the internal combustion engine 100. The heated or heated cooling water flows into the heat exchanger 122 via the connection 1. In the heat exchanger 122, the hot cooling water, the plant oil introduced into the heat exchanger 122 via the connection 2, is heated to the subfluid conduit system 115 via the connection 4 after passing through the heat exchanger , The cooling water coming from the heat exchanger 122 flows via the subfluid system 117 to the connection 9 and thus back to the engine 100. In order to reach the connection 2, the vegetable oil is first sucked from the tank 124 via the connection 6 by the pump element 107 of the fluid delivery pump 108 accommodated in the receiving cavity 104a. The pumping element 107 conveys the vegetable oil in the flow direction 127 through the receiving cavity 104a to the connection 2 and thus in the direction of the heat exchanger 122. This takes place in the first subfluid line system 114. After passing through the heat exchanger 122, the heated vegetable oil, as stated, passes via the connection 4 into the subfluid line system 115, in which the two receiving cavities 104b for the flow valve 113a and the return valve 113b are integrated. After entering through the connection 4, the vegetable oil first flows through the receiving cavity 104d provided for the heating element 110 of the electric heating device 111 and also flows through the receiving cavity 104c provided for the measuring element 105 of the temperature sensor 106a, and then via the connection line 11 into the receiving cavity 104b for the switching member 112 of the flow valve 113a to arrive. In this cavity 104b open the connections 10 6 AT010 064U1 for diesel from the tank 123 and the flow direction in the direction of the injection pump 126 facing port 12th

Below the water-carrying subfluid pipe system 117, the bypass 120 is arranged. The arranged therein for the switching member 112 of the pressure control valve 121 receiving cavity 104e is hidden in this illustration and therefore not visible. In any case, the bypass 120 leads excess heated vegetable oil back to the return side of the subfluid piping 115. This also has a receiving cavity 104b, in which the in this Fig. Also not shown switching member 112 of the return valve 113b is arranged. Coming from the injection pump 126 diesel and / or vegetable oil flows via the port 13 in the receiving cavity 104 b of the Rückströmventils 113 b and is here either returned via the terminal 14 to the diesel tank 123 or depending on the switching position of the switching element 112 or via the line 15 and the terminal 8 Vegetable oil tank 124 passed. The openings 16 are necessary in order to be able to introduce the holes required for the fluid line system 102 into the distributor block 101. They are closed after production of the holes on fluid-tight lid.

Fig. 4 shows a side view from the outside of this embodiment. Shown dashed lines are the section lines A-A and B-B. The corresponding sections are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Section A-A is shown in Fig. 5 section B-B in Fig. 6. Fig. 5 serves mainly to illustrate the provided inside the manifold block 1 receiving cavity 104 a, in which the pump member 107 of the fluid supply pump 108 is arranged. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the pump element 107 is three co-operating screw spindles 118 of a screw pump known per se. This ensures the desired pressure build-up in the vegetable oil in front of the flow valve 113a. Instead of the screw spindles 118, other pumping elements 107 could also be arranged in correspondingly shaped receiving cavities 104a in the interior of the distributor block 101. This could be z. B. the gears of a gear pump or the piston of a piston pump or the diaphragm of a diaphragm pump. All these types of pumps are known as well as screw pumps per se and therefore need not be explained further.

The section B-B according to FIG. 6 serves above all to illustrate the receiving cavity 104 c, in which the measuring element 105 of the temperature sensor 106 a is arranged inside the distributor block 101.

Fig. 7 shows a section along the section line C-C shown in Fig. 5. This section extends through the bypass line 120 and thus also through the receiving cavity 104e for the switching member 112 of the pressure control valve 121st

Fig. 8 shows the section along the section line D-D shown in Fig. 5 by the embodiment of the distribution device according to the invention. Here, the receiving cavities 104b for the switching members 112 of the supply valve 113a and the return valve 113b are shown.

All measuring, pumping, heating or switching devices are conveniently screwed into the receiving block 101, which is a particularly simple form of releasable connection. These organs are each the active components. Thus, the measuring organs are the parts of the sensors that directly record the measured value. The pumping elements are the parts of the fluid delivery pump which pump the fluid immediately. The heating elements, however, are the parts of the heater that cause the heating. As switching elements are generally the parts of a valve to understand that actually stop the directing flow or direct in the desired direction. Switching devices are z. B. valve plate, valve flaps etc ..

The flow and return valves 113a and 113b are conveniently designed as solenoid valves or so-called cartridge valves. The distribution block 101 may preferably be made of metal, steel or aluminum. But it is also conceivable, the manifold block 101

Claims (20)

7 AT 010 064 U1 ceramic or suitable plastics. The fluid conduit system 102 may, as shown here, drilled or z. B. are also poured in the production of the manifold block 101 already. Key to the reference numbers: Connection for heat exchanger 106a Temperature sensor Connection for heat exchanger 106b Pressure sensor Connection for heat exchanger 107 Pumporgan Connection for heat exchanger 108 Fluid feed pump Connection for heating element 109 Motor of the fluid feed port Connection for inlet from tank 124 110 Heating element Connection for warm cooling water 111 Heating device Connection for return flow in Tank 124 112 Switching element Connection for cooling water outlet 113a Flow valve Connection to tank 123 113b Return valve Connection line to supply valve 113a 114 Subfluid line system Connection to injection pump 126 115 Subfluid line system Return line connection for injection pump 126 116 Subfluid line system Return line connection to tank 123 117 Subfluid line system Line to connection 8 118 Screw spindle Closing cover 119 Internal combustion engine control 120 Bypass line Manifold block 121 Pressure control valve Fluid line system 122 Heat exchanger receiving cavity 123 tank receiving cavity 124 tank receiving cavity 125 check valve receiving cavity 126 injection pump receiving cavity 127 flow direction receiving cavity measuring element 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 100 101 102 104a 104b 104d 104d 104e 104f 105 Claims: 1. Distribution device for Fluid of an internal combustion engine (100) which can be operated alternately with at least two different types of fuel and has a distributor block (101) in which a fluid line system (102) is provided in the interior, which is provided with external connection lines via connection devices accessible from the outside and provided on the distributor block (101) is brought into connection, characterized in that in the interior of the manifold block (101) at least one in the fluid line system (102) reaching receiving cavity (104a-f) is provided in the inside of the manifold block (101) a measuring member (105) of a sensor (106a, 106b) and / or a pump element (107) of a fluid feed pump (108) and / or a heating element (110) of a preferably electric heating device (111) and / or a switching element (112) of a valve (113a, 113b, 121), preferably removable, is arranged. 2. Distributor device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid conduit system (102) is cast into the distributor block (101) and / or drilled. 3. Distributor device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the interior of the manifold block (101) a plurality in the fluid line system (102) reaching receiving cavities (104a-f) are provided. 8 AT010 064 U1 4. Distributor device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distribution block (101) apart from the fluid conduit system (102) and the receiving mekavität (s) (104a-f) in its interior to at least 70% by volume, preferably completely, solid. 5. Distributor device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fluid line system (102) has at least two, preferably four, fluid-tightly separated from each other Subfluidleitungssysteme (114, 115, 116, 117). 6. Distributor device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in a in the fluid line system (102), preferably in one of the Subfluidleitungssysteme (114), reaching receiving cavity (104a) a pump member (107) of a fluid delivery pump (108), preferably a positive displacement pump, arranged for fuel. 7. Distributor device according to claim 6, characterized in that the pump member (107) at least one screw spindle (118), preferably at least three screw spindles (118), a screw pump or at least one gear, preferably at least two gears, a gear pump or at least one piston Piston pump or at least one membrane of a diaphragm pump comprises. 8. Distributor device according to claim 7, characterized in that the delivery rate of the pumping element (107) via a control device (119) in response to a, preferably in the fluid line system (102) tapped, fluid pressure value is adjustable. 9. Distributor device according to claim 8, characterized in that for tapping the fluid pressure value, a measuring element (105) of a pressure sensor (106 b) is arranged in a receiving cavity (104f) in the interior of the distributor block (101). 10. Distributor device according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that in one of the Subfluidleitungssysteme (115) two receiving cavities (104 b) extend, in each of which a switching member (112) of a valve (113 a, 113 b), preferably a solenoid valve , arranged for fuel. 11. Distribution device according to claim 10, characterized in that in this Subfluidleitungssystem (115) in addition a receiving cavity (104c) extends, in which the measuring member (105) of the temperature sensor (106a) is arranged. 12. Distribution device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that in this Subfluidleitungssystem (115) additionally a receiving cavity (104d) extends, in which the heating element (110) of the heating device (111) is arranged. 13. Distributor device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that in this Subfluidleitungssystem (115) a bypass line (120) between the receiving cavities (104b) of the shaft members (112) of the valves (113a, 113b) is provided for fuel, wherein in the bypass line (120) an additional receiving cavity (104e) is provided, in which a switching member (112) of a pressure control valve (121) is arranged. 14. Distributor device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the measuring member (105) of the measuring sensor (106a, 106b) and / or the pump member (107) of the fluid feed pump (108) and / or the heating element (110) of preferably electrical, heating device (111) and / or the switching member (112) of the valve (113a, 113b, 121) in the receiving cavity (104a-f) is screwed. 15. Distributor device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least two, preferably four, connection means of the manifold block (101) a 9 AT010 064U1 heat exchanger (122) is connected. 16. Distributor device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the maximum extent of the distributor block (101) is smaller than 36 cm, preferably smaller than 25 cm. 17. distributor block (101) for a distributor device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that in the interior of the distributor block (101) at least one in the fluid conduit system (102) reaching receiving cavity (104a-f) is provided, in the interior the distributor block (101) has a measuring element (105) of a measuring sensor (106a, 106b) and / or a pump element (107) of a fluid feed pump (108) and / or a heating element (110) of a preferably electric heating device (111) and / or Switching member (112) of a valve (113a, 113b, 121), preferably removable, can be arranged. 18. Internal combustion engine (100) with a distributor device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it is designed for at least one operating mode with combustion of a first fuel, preferably diesel, and for a second operating mode with combustion of a second fuel, preferably vegetable oil is. 19. An internal combustion engine (100) according to claim 18, characterized in that it comprises a receiving cavity (104a) in the interior of the distributor block (101), in which the pump member (107) of the fluid delivery pump (108) is arranged, wherein the receiving cavity (104a) is connected via the fluid line system (102) and the associated connection devices (2, 6) to a tank (124) for the second fuel type, preferably vegetable oil, and to a heat exchanger (122). 20. Internal combustion engine (100) according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that it comprises at least two receiving cavities (104b) in the interior of the distributor block (101), in each of which a switching member (112) of a valve (113a, 113b, 121) is arranged is, wherein the receiving cavities (104b) via the fluid line system (102) and the associated connection means (10, 12, 13, 14) preferably each with a tank (123) for the first fuel, preferably diesel, and with a tank (124 ) for the second type of fuel, preferably vegetable oil. For this purpose 6 sheets of drawings