AR092816A1 - Codificacion de indicadores de bloques codificados - Google Patents
Codificacion de indicadores de bloques codificadosInfo
- Publication number
- AR092816A1 AR092816A1 ARP130101096A ARP130101096A AR092816A1 AR 092816 A1 AR092816 A1 AR 092816A1 AR P130101096 A ARP130101096 A AR P130101096A AR P130101096 A ARP130101096 A AR P130101096A AR 092816 A1 AR092816 A1 AR 092816A1
- Authority
- AR
- Argentina
- Prior art keywords
- rqt
- chromatism
- cbf
- tus
- component
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
- H04N19/96—Tree coding, e.g. quad-tree coding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T9/00—Image coding
- G06T9/40—Tree coding, e.g. quadtree, octree
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/13—Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/157—Assigned coding mode, i.e. the coding mode being predefined or preselected to be further used for selection of another element or parameter
- H04N19/159—Prediction type, e.g. intra-frame, inter-frame or bidirectional frame prediction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/186—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a colour or a chrominance component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/119—Adaptive subdivision aspects, e.g. subdivision of a picture into rectangular or non-rectangular coding blocks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
- H04N19/91—Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
- Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201261620765P | 2012-04-05 | 2012-04-05 | |
| US13/739,598 US9467701B2 (en) | 2012-04-05 | 2013-01-11 | Coded block flag coding |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AR092816A1 true AR092816A1 (es) | 2015-05-06 |
Family
ID=49292281
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ARP130101096A AR092816A1 (es) | 2012-04-05 | 2013-04-03 | Codificacion de indicadores de bloques codificados |
Country Status (21)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9467701B2 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP2834978B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP6181150B2 (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR101773240B1 (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN104247424B (https=) |
| AR (1) | AR092816A1 (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU2013243793B2 (https=) |
| BR (1) | BR112014024920B1 (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2866900C (https=) |
| DK (1) | DK2834978T3 (https=) |
| ES (1) | ES2650795T3 (https=) |
| HU (1) | HUE034972T2 (https=) |
| IL (1) | IL234568A (https=) |
| MY (1) | MY167824A (https=) |
| PH (1) | PH12014502116A1 (https=) |
| PT (1) | PT2834978T (https=) |
| RU (1) | RU2627119C2 (https=) |
| SG (1) | SG11201405546SA (https=) |
| SI (1) | SI2834978T1 (https=) |
| TW (1) | TWI527465B (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2013151785A1 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (43)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9749645B2 (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2017-08-29 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Coded-block-flag coding and derivation |
| CN103533324B (zh) * | 2012-07-03 | 2017-04-05 | 乐金电子(中国)研究开发中心有限公司 | 一种深度图像帧内编码方法、装置及编码器 |
| US9088770B2 (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2015-07-21 | Intel Corporation | Size based transform unit context derivation |
| WO2015051011A1 (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-09 | Arris Enterprises, Inc. | Modified hevc transform tree syntax |
| CN106256125B (zh) * | 2014-05-05 | 2019-11-19 | 联发科技(新加坡)私人有限公司 | 确定残余转换树表达的方法及装置 |
| WO2016074147A1 (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-19 | Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Separated coding tree for luma and chroma |
| WO2017043760A1 (ko) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-03-16 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 엔트로피 부호화 및 복호화를 위한 장치 및 방법 |
| US20170150176A1 (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-05-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Linear-model prediction with non-square prediction units in video coding |
| US11109045B2 (en) * | 2016-02-11 | 2021-08-31 | Interdigital Vc Holdings, Inc. | Method and device for encoding/decoding an image unit comprising image data represented by a luminance channel and at least one chrominance channel |
| US9942548B2 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2018-04-10 | Google Llc | Entropy coding transform partitioning information |
| WO2017222237A1 (ko) | 2016-06-22 | 2017-12-28 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 화면 내 예측 방법 및 장치 |
| US10609423B2 (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2020-03-31 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Tree-type coding for video coding |
| US10609414B2 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2020-03-31 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Context modeling for transform coefficient coding |
| WO2019027200A1 (ko) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-07 | 에스케이텔레콤 주식회사 | 비-제로 계수들의 위치를 표현하는 방법 및 장치 |
| WO2019045538A1 (ko) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-03-07 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 부호화 방법 및 그 장치, 복호화 방법 및 그 장치 |
| US11677940B2 (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2023-06-13 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Method and device for encoding/decoding image, and recording medium having stored bitstream |
| CN118042128A (zh) | 2017-11-16 | 2024-05-14 | 松下电器(美国)知识产权公司 | 图像编码装置、编码方法和非暂时性存储介质 |
| CN110035287B (zh) | 2018-01-12 | 2023-05-09 | 富士通株式会社 | 对统一转换单元模式进行分组标识的方法、装置和电子设备 |
| JP7315480B2 (ja) | 2018-01-30 | 2023-07-26 | パナソニック インテレクチュアル プロパティ コーポレーション オブ アメリカ | 符号化装置、復号装置、符号化方法及び復号方法 |
| KR20190113656A (ko) | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-08 | 주식회사 케이티 | 비디오 신호 처리 방법 및 장치 |
| CN114845121B (zh) * | 2018-04-30 | 2025-09-02 | 寰发股份有限公司 | 用于视频编解码中的独立编码树的语法交错方法和装置 |
| KR101997681B1 (ko) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-07-08 | 광운대학교 산학협력단 | 양자화 파라미터 기반의 잔차 블록 부호화/복호화 방법 및 장치 |
| JP7278719B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-27 | 2023-05-22 | キヤノン株式会社 | 画像符号化装置、画像符号化方法及びプログラム、画像復号装置、画像復号方法及びプログラム |
| NZ772299A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2022-12-23 | Huawei Tech Co Ltd | Boundary block partitioning in video coding |
| CN111294603B (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2023-09-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | 视频编解码方法及装置 |
| CN111416975B (zh) * | 2019-01-08 | 2022-09-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | 预测模式确定方法和装置 |
| CN114173114B (zh) | 2019-01-08 | 2022-09-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | 图像预测方法、装置、设备、系统及存储介质 |
| KR20250153323A (ko) | 2019-02-28 | 2025-10-24 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 크로마 성분을 예측하는 비디오 부호화 및 복호화 방법, 및 크로마 성분을 예측하는 비디오 부호화 및 복호화 장치 |
| CN113039797A (zh) | 2019-03-01 | 2021-06-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Cbf标志的高效指示方法 |
| AU2019201649A1 (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-10-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method, apparatus and system for encoding and decoding a tree of blocks of video samples |
| CN113711612B (zh) | 2019-04-20 | 2023-05-26 | 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 | 视频编解码中的色度语法元素的信令 |
| EP3958567A4 (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2022-05-04 | Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. | IMAGE DECODING METHOD, DECODER AND INFORMATION HOLDER |
| WO2020233514A1 (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-26 | Beijing Bytedance Network Technology Co., Ltd. | Signaling of syntax elements according to chroma format |
| CN115567707B (zh) | 2019-05-30 | 2025-05-13 | 抖音视界有限公司 | 一种处理视频数据的方法、装置、介质 |
| WO2020242260A1 (ko) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-03 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 전역적 문맥을 이용하는 기계 학습 기반의 이미지 압축을 위한 방법 및 장치 |
| US11212545B2 (en) * | 2019-06-07 | 2021-12-28 | Tencent America LLC | Method and apparatus for improved implicit transform selection |
| WO2020252726A1 (zh) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-12-24 | 富士通株式会社 | 图像编码和解码方法、装置以及视频编解码设备 |
| WO2020261313A1 (ja) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-30 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 画像符号化方法、及び画像復号方法 |
| US11190777B2 (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2021-11-30 | Tencent America LLC | Method and apparatus for video coding |
| US11317090B2 (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2022-04-26 | Tencent America LLC | Method and apparatus for video coding |
| US12155824B2 (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2024-11-26 | Interdigital Ce Patent Holdings, Sas | Signaling chroma offset presence in video coding |
| MX2025011166A (es) * | 2020-06-12 | 2025-10-01 | Beijing Dajia Internet Information Tech Co Ltd | Metodos y aparato de codificacion de video en formato de color 4:4:4 |
| CN114615500B (zh) | 2020-12-08 | 2025-07-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | 增强层编解码方法和装置 |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2408076C1 (ru) * | 2009-07-02 | 2010-12-27 | Корпорация "САМСУНГ ЭЛЕКТРОНИКС Ко., Лтд." | Способ сжатия изображения |
| KR101675116B1 (ko) * | 2009-08-06 | 2016-11-10 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 영상의 부호화 방법 및 장치, 그 복호화 방법 및 장치 |
| US8942282B2 (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2015-01-27 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Variable length coding of coded block pattern (CBP) in video compression |
| US9094658B2 (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2015-07-28 | Mediatek Inc. | Method and apparatus of adaptive loop filtering |
| US9172963B2 (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2015-10-27 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Joint coding of syntax elements for video coding |
| US20120114034A1 (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-10 | Mediatek Inc. | Method and Apparatus of Delta Quantization Parameter Processing for High Efficiency Video Coding |
| US9210442B2 (en) * | 2011-01-12 | 2015-12-08 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Efficient transform unit representation |
| US8948271B2 (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2015-02-03 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method and apparatus for a low complexity transform unit partitioning structure for HEVC |
| US9380319B2 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2016-06-28 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Implicit transform unit representation |
| US8953690B2 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2015-02-10 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Method and system for processing video data |
| US9788019B2 (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2017-10-10 | Hfi Innovation Inc. | Method and apparatus of transform unit partition with reduced complexity |
| US9848197B2 (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2017-12-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Transforms in video coding |
| US8494290B2 (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2013-07-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. | Method for coding pictures using hierarchical transform units |
| US9807426B2 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2017-10-31 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Applying non-square transforms to video data |
| US8804816B2 (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2014-08-12 | Microsoft Corporation | Video encoding enhancements |
-
2013
- 2013-01-11 US US13/739,598 patent/US9467701B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-19 SG SG11201405546SA patent/SG11201405546SA/en unknown
- 2013-03-19 SI SI201330867T patent/SI2834978T1/en unknown
- 2013-03-19 CN CN201380017989.0A patent/CN104247424B/zh active Active
- 2013-03-19 DK DK13714458.0T patent/DK2834978T3/da active
- 2013-03-19 BR BR112014024920-2A patent/BR112014024920B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2013-03-19 JP JP2015504607A patent/JP6181150B2/ja active Active
- 2013-03-19 PT PT137144580T patent/PT2834978T/pt unknown
- 2013-03-19 WO PCT/US2013/032989 patent/WO2013151785A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-03-19 EP EP13714458.0A patent/EP2834978B1/en active Active
- 2013-03-19 ES ES13714458.0T patent/ES2650795T3/es active Active
- 2013-03-19 HU HUE13714458A patent/HUE034972T2/en unknown
- 2013-03-19 MY MYPI2014702631A patent/MY167824A/en unknown
- 2013-03-19 AU AU2013243793A patent/AU2013243793B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-19 RU RU2014144293A patent/RU2627119C2/ru active
- 2013-03-19 CA CA2866900A patent/CA2866900C/en active Active
- 2013-03-19 KR KR1020147030504A patent/KR101773240B1/ko active Active
- 2013-04-03 TW TW102112223A patent/TWI527465B/zh active
- 2013-04-03 AR ARP130101096A patent/AR092816A1/es active IP Right Grant
-
2014
- 2014-09-10 IL IL234568A patent/IL234568A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-09-23 PH PH12014502116A patent/PH12014502116A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AR092816A1 (es) | Codificacion de indicadores de bloques codificados | |
| MX2021008910A (es) | Metodo de codificacion de datos tridimensionales, metodo de decodificacion de datos tridimensionales, dispositivo codificador de datos tridimensionales y dispositivo decodificador de datos tridimensionales. | |
| MX2013000749A (es) | Codificador de audio, descodificador de audio, metodo para codificar una informacion de audio, metodo para descodificar una informacion de audio y programa de computadora que usa una tabla de busqueda optimizada. | |
| AR110439A1 (es) | Método de codificación de vídeo, método de decodificación de vídeo, dispositivo de codificación de vídeo y dispositivo de decodificación de vídeo | |
| DOP2016000246A (es) | Codificación del nivel de coeficiente en un proceso de codificación de video | |
| CL2021003355A1 (es) | Un codificador, un decodificador y métodos correspondientes para modo de división de sub-bloque. | |
| MX2021010964A (es) | Metodo de codificacion de datos tridimensionales, metodo de decodificacion de datos tridimensionales, dispositivo codificador de datos tridimensionales y dispositivo decodificador de datos tridimensionales. | |
| AR122219A2 (es) | Decodificador de audio, codificador de audio, método para codificar una señal de audio y método para decodificar una señal de audio codificada | |
| CO2017003348A2 (es) | Un dispositivo configurado para decodificar un flujo de bits representativo de una señal de audio ambisónica de orden superior, un método de decodificación de dicho flujo de bits, un dispositivo configurado para codificar una señal de audio ambisónica de orden superior para generar un flujo de bits y un método de codificación de dicho flujo de bits | |
| AR093235A1 (es) | Indicacion de datos de video entrelazado para la codificacion de video | |
| MX2017011490A (es) | Descodificación de secuencias de bits de audio con metadatos de replicación de banda espectral mejorada en al menos un elemento de relleno. | |
| AR072497A1 (es) | Rellenador de ruido, calculador de parametro de relleno de ruido representacion de senal de audio codificada metodos y programa de computadora | |
| UA114418C2 (uk) | Визначення контекстів для кодування даних коефіцієнтів перетворення при кодуванні відео | |
| BR112017016341A2 (pt) | codificação em modo paleta para codificação de vídeo | |
| AR092787A1 (es) | Mejora del rendimiento para codificacion del nivel de coeficiente cabac | |
| MY176686A (en) | Progressive coding of position of last significant coefficient | |
| JP2013192262A5 (https=) | ||
| AR099836A1 (es) | Dispositivo codificador de audio y un dispositivo decodificador de audio con codificación de ganancia eficiente en el control de rango dinámico | |
| BR112016007515A2 (pt) | codificação e decodificação de posições de picos espectrais | |
| MY164987A (en) | Audio/speech encoding apparatus, audio/speech decoding apparatus, and audio/speech encoding and audio/speech decoding methods | |
| BR112015000146A2 (pt) | método de codificação de imagem, método de decodificação de imagem, aparelho de codificação de imagem, aparelho de decodificação de imagem, aparelho de codificação e decodificação de imagem | |
| MX2016012950A (es) | Metodos codificador y decodificador para la codificacion y decodificacion predictiva lineal de señales de sonido en la transicion entre cuadros teniendo diferentes tasas de muestreo. | |
| MX2021006574A (es) | Metodo de codificacion de datos tridimensionales, metodo de decodificacion de datos tridimensionales, dispositivo codificador de datos tridimensionales y dispositivo decodificador de datos tridimensionales. | |
| ES2721029T3 (es) | Concepto para la codificación de información | |
| MX2019003952A (es) | Dispositivo de decodificacion de imagen y metodo de decodificacion de imagen. |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG | Grant, registration |