AP685A

AP685A - Sugar cane milling system.

Info

Publication number: AP685A
Application number: APAP/P/1996/000809A
Authority: AP
Inventors: Bhausaheb Bapurao Nikam
Original assignee: Bhausaheb Bapurao Nikam
Priority date: 1996-05-10
Filing date: 1996-05-10
Publication date: 1998-10-09
Also published as: AP9600809A0

Abstract

A sugar cane milling system two roll

Description

TITLE : SUGAR CANE MILLING SYSTEM :

FIELD OF INVENTION

The present invention relates to improvements in sugar cane milling system having at least one toothed feeder roller with Juice, drainage means, provided in singular, in addition, and adjacent to one or more conventional two or three roll mill tandem without using the conventional, closed stationery pressure chute, for increasing the fedability of prepared cane/bagasse in order to increase the cane crushing capacity and juice extraction efficiency of the mill with reduced power consumption and moisture of the bagasse.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION i

In prior art, sugar cane crushing mill comprises a two roll mill module consisting of a top roll and a feed roll or a three roll mill module consisting of a top roll, a feed roll and a discharge roll. These rolls are made of cast iron or cast steel and are provided with peripheral grooves. A plurality of these main crushing mill modules are provided in tandem forming the cane crushing mill.

Main drawbacks of these cane crushing mills are :Ή.' iiV'X.

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1. The bulk density of, the prepared cane/bagasse being fed to the mills, is very low which results into very low cane crushing rate of the mill.

2. There is a slippage between cane/bagasse and rolls, resulting into higher frictional losses and thus besides low cane crushing rate, power consumption is more.

3. Feed to discharge operating opening ratio is to be kept more, due to low bulk density and slippage of .cane/bagasse, resulting into lower juice extraction and higher juice reabsorption.

(Feed to discharge operating opening ratio means the ratio of the gap between top roll and feed roll to the gap between top roll and discharge roll in operating position of the mill i.e. in lifted/shifted position of the rolls against the hydraulic pressure)

In the prior art, to increase the bulk density of the cane/bagasse, feeding equipment in the form of over/under feeder roller provided above or below the prepared cane mat, being fed through a conveyer and/or Donnelly chute, is incorporated with the crushing mill module. The over or under feeder roller is having peripheral grooves or axial or helical ribs.

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These feeding equipments are also not able to provide any significant -relief to the drawbacks, of the prior art cane crushing mill, described herein before, due to its inherent limitations of developing pressure.

Further in the prior art, a pair of grooved feeder rollers or a pair of toothed feeder rollers is incorporated in front of the feed and top rolls of the main crushing mill module, nearly in a parallel plane and in-line i.e. having approximately same central axis. A closed stationary diverging pressure chute, having wider _ opening towards the main mill rolls, is required to be connected o

between the pair of feeder rollers and the main crushing mill rolls.

The main draw-back of this arrangement is that the speed of the cane in comparison with the mill rolls surface speed is very low, which results into more frictional losses, more wear and tear and chocking in the cane feeding system,there by developing undue pressure leading to damage of various parts and hence there is of the mill, resulting into low milling capacpower consumption and maintenance cost and are required for maintenance and operation of these mills.

frequent breakdown ity besides high skilled personnel

Further In the prior art sugar cane crushing mills, the cush-cush soaked with juice along with over flow juice from the strainer is

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ΑΡ.Ο¢685 fed into the mill module, under the strainer, for milling along with the bagasse.

The main draw back of this system is that the high purity of the juice in the cush-cush is recirculated through the mill module which creates extra slippage, juice overloading and poor juice drainage problem resulting into lower capacity and efficiency of milling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore a primary object of this invention to provide a new and improved sugar cane milling system in which the bulk density of the cane/bagasse mat is increased and feed to discharge operating opening ratio is decreased by providing at least one toothed feeder roller with juice drainage means in addition to and adjacent to, two/three roll mill modules/s, resulting into increased cane fedability i.e. increased cane crushing capacity of a mill along with higher juice extraction efficiency and low power consumption.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved sugar cane milling system in! which the compacted cane/bagasse is fed directly to the main crushing mill rolls, almost at the same speed as the surface speed of mill rolls and without sharp change in direction and without needing the enclosed stationary pressure chute and thus there is no choking and over loading resulting

AP. 0WiBS into almost negligible wear and tear of the parts and thus very low maintenance and break down, giving a high average output and the construction of the mill is also simplified.

A further object of this invention is to provide an improved sugar cane milling system in which an improved cush- cush juice extracting conveyer is provided which not only separates the extra juice from the cush-cush but most of the absorbed juice is also extracted and separated out from the cush-cush being fed to the mill module, there by reducing slippage, reabsorption and juice over loading on the mill, resulting into higher juice extraction efficiency and higher capacity of milling.

A further object of this invention is to provide an improve^ sugar cane milling system in which the strainer is kept ,ίη ttv center line of the mill tandem and above the mill module so that, in case of any problem in the cush-cush juice extracting conveyor, the cush- cush coming out continuously from the strainer can be fed directly to the mill module with out stopping the mill operation, through by passing arrangement made for the conveyor. Hence there is no bottle neck or chicken neck in the crushing mill of this invention. A further object of this invention is to provide an improved sugar cane milling system in which high purity juice recirculation through the mill is reduced and imbibition liquid at higher temperature is permitted giving extra sugar recovery.

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A further object of this invention is to achieve high calorific value of the fuel in the form of discharged bagasse with reduced moisture contents.

A further object of this invention is to provide an improved sugar cane milling system which operates continuously for a long time and does not require high skilled personnel for maintenance, and thus giving a very low running and maintenance cost.

Accordingly this invention provides a sugar cane milling system at least one toothed feeder roller with juice drainage means, singularly provided in addition to and adjacent to one or more, two/three roll mill modules in tandem, for feeding a compact mat of prepared cane/bagasse directly to the nip of crushing rolls of the said module, without needing a closed stationary pressure chute, almost at the same speed as the surface speed of mill rolls/feed taking rolls, without sharp change in direction and separating out the superficial juice.

The foregoing and additional advantages and the inventive features of the present invention will become clearly apparent upon a reading of the ensuing detailed description together with the included drawings where in :Fig.l is a schematic end view of improved sugar cane milling system according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing one additional toothed feeder roller with scrapper.

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Fig. 2 is a schematic end view of improved sugar cane milling system, according to another embodiment of the present invention, showing one additional toothed and perforated feeder roller with scraper.

Fig.3 is a perspective view of the toothed and perforated roller used in the system shown in fig.2.

Fig. 4 is part elevational view of the toothed and perforated feeder roller, seen in the direction of arrow 'X* marked in Fig.2

Fig.5 is a sectional view along line y-y marked in fig. 4, showing the perforated toothed feeder roller with scraper of the system shown in fig.2

Fig.6 is a sectional view, along line z-z marked in fig.5

Fig.7 is a schematic end view of improved sugar cane milling system according to a further embodiment of present invention, showing two additional toothed feeder rollers with scrapers.

Fig.8 is a schematic end view of improved sugar cane milling system, according to a further embodiment of this invention, showing three additional toothed and perforated feeder rollers with scrapers.

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Fig. 9 is a schematic end view of improved sugar cane milling system according to a further embodiment of the present invention showing one additional toothed feeder roller with scraper connected to a pilot feeder provided at the exit of Donnelly chute.

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Fig.10 is a schematic plan view of pressurized cush-cush juice extracting conveyor, used in the improved sugar cane milling system, according to present invention.

Fig.11 is sectional and view along line X'- X’ marked in fig.10.

Fig.12 is sectional end view along line Y'-Y’ marked in fig.10.

Fig.13 is a schematic view indicating the juice extraction in the cone/taper portion of the conveyor shown in fig.10.

Fig.14L is a schematic plan view of the pressurised cush-cush juice extracting conveyor,according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In all the above figures, supporting/mounting and driving arrangements of the main mill rolls as well as additional feeder roller/s are not shown for the sake of simplicity and clarity of the inventive features of the present invention.

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED

EMBODIMENTS

Referring to Figs. 1 to 9 the improved sugar cane milling system of present invention comprises two or three roll mill modules provided in tandem. The two roll mill comprises a top roll 1 and a bottom (Discharge) roll 3. The three roll mill comprises a top roll 1, a feed roll 2 and a discharge roll 3. These rolls are made of cast iron or cast steel and are provided with peripheral grooves. Sometimes one or two of these rolls may be lotus rolls i.e. the rolls having radial holes provided at the periphery and connected to axial holes. The top roll is applied with hydraulic pressure for maintaining compression for juice extraction. For increasing the cane/bagasse fedability according to the present invention, at least one toothed feeder roller 4, as shown it. fig.l, is provided in addition to and adjacent to the main cant crushing rolls i.e. the top roll 1 and feed roll 2.

In fig. 7, two additional toothed feeder rollers 4 and 5 are shown and in fig. 8, three additional toothed feeder rollers 4,5 ©

and 6 are shown.

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The additional toothed feeder roller/s is adjustably provided with a scraper-cum-short defector 7 to scrap the cane/bagasse mat, stuck to the toothed feeder roller surface and to divert it towards the crushing mill module in the compact form. At the same time/simultaneously the scraper 7 also serves as a juice drainage means and removes the free juice in the prepared cane through the

AP.00685 gap 8, between the scraper 7 and the toothed feeder roller 4,( the gap 8 is clearly seen in figs. 5 and 6) which comes out before going to mill and thus reducing juice load on the mill as well as reabsorption-absorption of the juice by the cane/bagasse.

According to another embodiment of this invention, as shown in figs. 3 to 6, the toothed feeder roller 4 can be replaced by a toothed and perforated feeder roller 9. The roller 9 is provided with teeth 10, projecting out of its shell 11. Radial holes, slots or openings 12 are provided in the shell 11 in between the teeth 10. The teeth 10 may have any contour or shape and are disposed of on the shell 11 in any manner i.e. in straight rows or Zig-Zag or helical or any other staggered manner.

The teeth 10 may be hard surfaced for more durability.

The radial holes, 12 serves as a juice drainage means and are able to remove free juice in the cane/bagasse while the toothed and perforated feeder roller 9 feeds the cane/bagasse, by compacting it, to the crushing mill module.

The scraper 7 may also be adjustably provided with the toothed and perforated feeder roller 9 to scrap the stuck cane/bagasse mat from the roller surface and to divert it towards the crushing mill module in the compact form and at the same time to remove the free juice, from the cane/bagasse being fed to the mill, through the gap 8 between the scraper 7 and the tip, root and

AP:00685 sides of the tooth 10, thus the free juice in the cane/bagasse is removed through the radial holes 12 as well as through the gap 8 and is taken out without passing to the crushing mill, thus reducing juice load on the mill as well as juice reabsorption by the cane/bagasse being fed to the mill.

The free juice coming out through holes 12 and gap 8, being superficial juice is of low brix and low pol which is collected and recirculated over the same mill to absorb more sugar contents from the bagasse by efficiently using the same as maceration/ imbibition liquid.

The superficial juice may be passed over a strainer for separating out the cush-cush before recirculating over the mill.

The tip face of the scraper 7 is preferably hard faced and lined with stainless steel for better workability.

The feeder roller 4 or 9 is preferably driven by the top roll 1, with the help of known transmission means, like gear train or chain and sprocket drive (not shown) or if required it can be driven individually in a known manner.

In figs. 1,7 and 8 there are provided one, two and three additional toothed feeder rollers in addition to and adjacent to one or more three roll mill modules. Similarly further more toothed feeder rollers may also be provided for further compacting the

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AP.00685 prepared cane/bagasse, to further increase the cane crushing capacity.

These feeder rollers may have any combination out of toothed feeder roller and perforated toothed feeder roller and with or without scrapper.

Preferably the scrappers are adjustably provided keeping a desired gap between the scrapper and the roller shell and also work as a short deflector. The whole arrangement being such that the thickness 13 of the cane/bagasse mat 14 goes on successively reduced along its feed path 15 and the free superficial juice goes on extracting out at each successive stage so as to achieve much compacted cane mat without superficial juice to be fed into crushing mill module (see fig.8).This typical arrangement results into tremendous increase in milling capacity with increased juice extraction efficiency.

It is clear from figs. 7 and 8, that the typical arrangements of the additional toothed feeder rollers, do not require any closed stationary pressure chute, and very short scrapper-cum-deflectors are used to divert the cane/bagasse directly into the nip of successive feeder rollers/mill rolls.

The feeder roller 4 in fig. 7 and each of the feeder rollers 4 and 5, in fig.8 acts at two places/zones along the feed path of the cane/bagasse to compact the same twice.

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As there is a limitation to provide a large number of additional toothed feeder rollers to the mill modules, alternatively, as shown in fig.9 a pilot feeder 16 is provided at the exit end 17 of the Donnelly chute 18 which in turn feeds the compacted cane/bagasse mat to the additional feeder roller modules of figs. 1,2,7 or 8.

The pilot feeder 16 may be a toothed or ribbed roller (not shown) provided at one side of the exit end of the Donnelly chute or two toothed or ribbed rollers ( not shown ) provided at two opposite sides of the exit end of the Donnelly chute.

Preferably the pilot feeder 16 comprises a pair of belt conveyers provided at the exit end 17 of the Donnelly chute 16, and converging towards toothed feeder roller/s 4,5, or 6. The belt surface is provided with projections 20 for gripping the cane/bagasse. Guide plate/s 21, may also be provided at the lower end of the belt conveyors 19.

The belts may be provided with perforations for separating out the superficial juice while compacting the well prepared cane/bagasse.

Juice extracted in various mill modules contains very fine particles of bagasse known as cush-cush. The juice before being taken to boiling or further processing for making sugar is strained for separating out the cush-cush by passing over an in line strainer.

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The cush-cush soaked with juice alongwith over flow juice from the strainer, is fed into the mill module under the strainer for milling alongwith the bagasse. This high purity juice coming with cush-cush and recirculated through the mill creates extra slippage, juice over loading and poor juice drainage problem resulting into lower milling capacity and juice extraction efficiency.

Therefore, it was felt to separate out this rich juice from the cush-cush for further increasing the milling capacity and juice extraction efficiency with less power consumption of the improved cane crushing system of the present invention.

Now referring to figs. 10 to 14 the pressurized cush- cush juice extracting conveyor incorporated In the improved sugar cane milling system of the present invention comprises an open trough 22 having perforations 23 in its bottom. The open sides of the trough 22 are provided with support flanges 24. A screw 25 is provided inside the trough 22 and rotatably supported at two ends 26 & 27. The end 27 is provided with power transmission means such as gear 28. The perforated trough 22, at its bottom, is encased by a tray 29, having an outlet 30 for draining out the juice. The open trough 22 converges and forms an enclosed frustum of cone 31 towards the drive end 27 of the conveyor. The diameter of the screw 25 is also reduced according to the size of the frustum of cone 31.

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The cush - cush strained by the strainer (not shown), provided out of the center line of the mill tandem, is fed into the trough 22 of the conveyor as shown by arrow *C* in fig. 14. The extra unabsorbed juice in the cush - cush drips out through the perforated trough bottom into the tray 29, when the cush - cush moves along the straight portion of the trough 22. Now when this cush -cush having absorbed juice only, enters the frustum of cone/converging portion 31 of the trough 22, it is pressed by the screw 25 against the enclosed trough casing and most of the absorbed juice is also extracted out from the cush-cush which comes out through the perforations provided all around in the frustum of cone portion 31 of the trough and the juice is collected in the tray 29 which is then drained out through the outlet 30.

The screw 25 may also have reduced pitch alongwith reduced diameter in the converging portion 31 of the trough.

The cush-cush having a little bit residual juice coming out of the cone portion 31 through its outlet 32 is fed to the mill module through the bottom opening 33 provided towards the end 27,fig 14.

In case, fig 10, when the strainer is provided in-line with the center line of the mill tandem, the cush-cush with little bit residual juice, coming out of the cone portion 31, through its outlet 32 is fed to another screw conveyor 34 provided side by

side of the first pressurized conveyor, described herein before. The lead of the screw 35 of the second conveyor 34 is kept in opposite direction to the lead of screw 25 and is rotated in the same direction with the help of pinion 36 and gear 37.

The second conveyor 34 brings back the cush-cush discharged from the first conveyor and feeds it in the mill module through the bottom opening 33 towards the end 26. The second conveyer 34 is having an open casing/trough 38 with support flanges 39 and without having any perforations in its trough 38.

The rich juice extracted out of the cush-cush according to the present invention described above, is collected from the outlet of the tray 29 and is taken out without permitting it for recirculation through the mill module.

The main advantages of this are high purity juice re-circulation through the mill is avoided which reduces juice loading and slippage of mill module rolls.

It is clear from the above description that according to the present invention even a single toothed feeder roller with or without perforations and/or with or without scraper, provided in addition to and adjacent to one or more two or three roll mill modules in tandem, feeds the prepared cane/bagasse in compact form, without using a closed stationary pressure chute, almost at t' ‘IT z·» ι

AP.00ββ5 the same speed as of mill rolls and without sharp change in direction. The free superficial juice from the cane/bagasse is also removed when the toothed feeder roller is used with scraper or when toothed feeder roller is also provided with radial holes.

The main advantages achieved by this invention are as follows :I) The bulk density of cane/bagasse being fed to the mill is increased due to the positive grip of toothed feeder roller on cane/bagasse mat, giving significant increase in crushing rate with simple construction.

II) Feed to discharge operating opening ratio is reduced resulting into more juice extraction at feed ^rV Is and reduction in moisture percentage of the discharged bagasse which is used as fuel and thus achieving high calorific value of fuel.

III) Higher rate of imbibition liquid, at higher temperature, to achieve extra sugar recovery from the bagasse, due to slip-free high grip over the bagasse mat.

IV) Lesser slippage allows reduction in mill speed giving improved juice drainage and reduction in reabsorption of juice, further resulting into reduction of frictional losses and power consumption.

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V) Fluent lifting of top roll against hydraulic pressure due to reduction of feed to discharge operating opening ratio, bringing the feed and discharge roll's resultant reaction, near to vertical.

VI) Less wear and tear of various parts hence low maintenance cost without needing very skilled personnel and low break down, as trouble some closed stationary pressure chute, used with a pair of toothed feeder rollers in prior art, has been dispensed with, giving trouble free continuous running for a longer time, giving high average output.

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It is therefore, apparent that the present invention accomplishes the intended objects.

The above description with reference to drawings is given just to understand the invention rather than to limit its scope.

Having now particularly described and ascertained our said intention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that

Claims

1. A prepared sugar cane and/or bagasse -feeding system for a sugar cane crushing mill module comprising of at least one toothed feeder roller with superficial juice separation—cum drainage means, singularly provided in addition fo and adjacent to one or more, two/three rolls mill module in tandem for feeding compact mat of prepared cane/bagasse directly to the nip· of crushing rolls of the said module, without nesdmg a closed stationary pressure chute, almost at the same speed as the surface speed of the mill rolls/feed taking rolls, without sharp change in direction and simultaneously separating out the superficial juice, the said toothed feeder roller consisting of a plurality of individual tooth of any contour and shape, projecting out of the outer surface of the roller shell in any manner like in straight rows, zigzag, helical or any other staggered manner,

2. A system according to claim 1 wherein the said juice drainage means consists of radial. holes, slots or openings provided in the toothed feeder roller shell, in between the teeth forming perforated toothed feeder roller.

60800/96 /d/dV system accordinq to claim .1 wherein the said juice

-20AP .0 0 6 8 5 drainage means consists of a scrapper - cum - short deflector, provided against the said toothed feeder roller at a desired gap, between the said scrapper and the tip, root and sides of the tooth of the toothed feeder roller.

4. A system according to claim 3 wherein the said scraper-cumshort deflector is adjustably provided against the said toothed feeder roller permitting the said gap to be adjusted as per requirement.

§. A system according to claim 2 wherein a scraper-cum- short deflector is also included against the said perforated toothed feeder roller.

Jg. A system according to claim 1, wherein two additional toothed feeder rolling with juice drainage means are provided, adjacent to one or more crushing mill modules for successively compacting the cane/bagasse mat, being fed to the mill, along with separating the superficial juice, in two stages .

7- A system according to claim 1, wherein three additional toothed feeder rollers with juice drainage means are provided, adjacent to one or more crushing mill modules for successively compacting the cane/bagasse mat, being'fed to the mill module, along with separating out the superficial juice, in three stages.

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5 '8.· ^Α system according to claim 6 or 7 wherein the said two or three additional feeder rollers may have any combination out of toothed feeder roller and perforated toothed feeder roller with or without scraper.

9.. A system according to any of the preceding claims wherein the said teeth are hard surfaced for more durability.

10. A system according to any of the preceding claims wherein the said scraper-cum-short deflector is hard faced and lined with stainless steel for better workability.

A system according to any of the preceding claims wherein the said feeder roller/s are driven by top roll of the mill module with th« halp of known transmi - - ·- ----train or Chain and sprocket drive.

12. A system according to any of the claims 1 to iq wherein the said feeder roller/s are driven individually in a known manner.

13. A system according to claim lor 6 or 7 wherein a pilot feeder is included in between the said additional toothed feeder roller/s and the exit end of the Donnelly chute for feeding the cane/bagasse in compacted form to the said additional toothed feeder roller/s.

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AP.00685 'ΐ4·_ A system according to claim 13 wherein the said pilot feeder comprises a toothed or ribbed roller provided at one side of the exit end of the Donnelly chute.

'15. A system according to claim 13 wherein the said pilot feeder comprises two toothed or ribbed rollers provided at two opposite sides of the exit end of the Donnelly chute.

T6. A system according to claim 13 wherein the said pilot feeder comprises a pair of belt conveyers provided at the exit end of the Donnelly chute, the said pair of belts converging towards the additional toothed feeder roller/s.

<17. _A system according to claim 15- wherein the belt surface of the said belt conveyers is provided with projections for the gripping the cane/bagasse.

Ϊ8·. A system according to claim 46 or L17 wherein the said belts are provided with perforations for separating out the superficial juice while compacting the cane/bagasse.

⁷ί9·. ^A system according to any of the preceding claims wherein the said superficial free juice coming out from the said juice drainage means and/or the said pilot feeder and which is of low bricks and low pol is collected separately and recirculated over the same mill as a maceration/imbibition liquid for absorbing more sugar contents from the bagasse.

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20.· A system according to claim 19 wherein the said superficial juice is passed over a strainer for separating out the cushcush before recirculation over the mill.

A system according to any of the preceding claims where in a pressurized cush-cush juice extracting conveyer is included, for removing the extra-unabsorbed juice as well as squeezing out the absorbed juice from the cush-cush and the cush-cush having a little residual juice is fed to the mill module/s while the separated out high purity juice is taken directly for processing.

22-. a system according to claim wherein the said pressurized cush-cush juice extracting conveyer comprises an open trough with perforated bottom, a screw rotatably supported at two ends of the said trough, one end being provided with power transmission means, a tray encasing the said perforated trough at the bottom and having an outlet for juice drainage, the said open trough converging to form an enclosed casing of frustum of cone towards the said drive end of the conveyer, the said enclosed casing having perforations on all sides, the diameter of the said screw, inside the said enclosed casing, being regularly reduced according to the size of the frustum of cone, and an outlet for discharging the cush-cush with little residual juice coming out of the said enclosed casing/cone.

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23.. A system according to claim 22 wherein the said screw is having reduced pitch alongwith reduced diameter in the said enclosed casing/cone.

24. a system according to claim ²² or²?, wherein the said cushcush with residual juice coming out of the said cone, is directly discharged to the mill module, when the strainer straining the cush-cush to be fed to the said conveyer, is provided out of the center line of the mill tandem..

25. A system according to claim 22 or 23, wherein, in case of the said strainer is provided in line with the center line of the mill tandem, The said cush-cush with residual juice coming out of the said cone is discharged to another conveyer provided side by side of the said pressurized conveyer for bringing back The said cush-cush to be discharged into the mill module through the outlet provided in the said second conveyer.

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26·. A system according to claim 25 wherein the screw of the said second conveyer is having its lead in the opposite direction to the lead of the screw of the said pressurized conveyer.

|2,7, a system according to claim ?θ wherein the said second conveyer is rotated in the same direction to that of the said pressurized conveyer.

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28. A system according to claims '22 to 27 wherein the open troughs of both the conveyers rotatively supporting the respective screws are provided with flanges.

?9„ A sugar cane milling system substantially as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, when manufactured and installed.