CN103490178B - Based on the single channel array received antenna of phase Code modulation - Google Patents
Based on the single channel array received antenna of phase Code modulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of single channel array received antenna based on phase Code modulation, mainly solve the amplitude phase unbalance problem that existing conventional arrays antenna structure is complicated, power is high, size is large, price is high and multichannel causes.It comprises: antenna oscillator (1), one-level modulation phase shifter (2), low noise amplifier (3), low-converter (4), analog to digital converter (5) and secondary modulation phase shifter (6).The signal that antenna oscillator (1) receives modulates by one-level the phase Code modulation polymerization process that phase shifter (2) produces, multi channel signals converts single channel signal to, this signal is successively through low noise amplifier (3) amplification, low-converter (4) mixing, analog to digital converter (5) quantization encoding, obtain digital baseband signal, the phase Code quadrature demodulation that this signal is produced by secondary modulation phase shifter (6), single channel signal reverts to multi channel signals.Structure of the present invention is simple, size is little, cost is low, solves the problem of conventional arrays antenna amplitude phase unbalance, and can complete the function identical with conventional arrays antenna.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to antenna technical field, particularly single channel array received antenna, particularly a kind of single channel array received antenna being realized multi channel signals by phase Code modulation polymerization and demodulation recovery, can be used for communication and Radar Signal Processing.
Background technology
Array antenna is a branch important in the fields such as communication, signal transacting, developed rapidly in the last thirty years, its application relates to numerous military affairs and the national economy fields such as communication, radar, sonar, earthquake, exploration, radio astronomy and biomedical engineering.Array received antenna is by the diverse location composition sensor array of multiple sensor setting in space, and utilize this array to receive spacing wave field, i.e. multipoint parallel sampling and process, object extracts the signal that receives of array and characteristic information thereof, suppresses interference and noise or uninterested information simultaneously.Array Signal Processing is different from general signal processing mode, because its array is the transducer group be arranged in by certain way on the diverse location of space, mainly utilizes the Spatial characteristic of signal to strengthen signal and effectively to extract signal spatial information (si).Compared with traditional single directional transducer, Array Signal Processing has the advantage such as wave beam control neatly, high signal gain, extremely strong antijamming capability and high space hyperresolution, and its range of application also constantly expands.But, in the engineer applied of reality, because various error is inevitable, such as interchannel mutual coupling, amplitude phase unbalance, cause actual array manifold often to occur deviation to a certain degree or disturbance, now, common high-resolution spatial spectral estimation algorithm performance meeting severe exacerbation, even lost efficacy.Therefore, array error is the practical bottleneck of high-resolution Estimation of Spatial Spectrum technological direction always, moreover, when signal to noise ratio is lower, to Estimation of Spatial Spectrum and other subsequent affect very large, can produce and measure inaccurate problem.So the breakthrough of amplitude-phase consistency and high s/n ratio will be the key that array antenna technique moves towards practical.
Array received antenna, for communicating, another major obstacle of the system such as radio frequency perception and radar is requirement to cost, size, weight, because conventional arrays reception antenna oscillator end requires that each unit will have one to include low-converter, ADC, memory and receiver.For the practical application of high frequency, the major constraints of conventional arrays reception antenna extensibility is the restricted gender of the subsidiary electronic equipment volume of each antenna oscillator end, and the region being particularly useful for dispelling the heat is very limited.For large-scale array, the relevant design of conventional arrays reception antenna and problem of implementation are the stationary problems of all transceivers within the scope of actual temperature, actual temperature scope includes the local temperature of each receiver, the internal temperature fluctuation that the amplifier as surface installation causes.Therefore, the volume for array antenna is limited, is to hamper its difficult problem developed towards high frequency, large-sized array column direction always.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency for above-mentioned prior art, propose that a kind of cost is few, size is little, the lightweight single channel array received antenna based on phase Code modulation, with reduce antenna be limited to temperature impact, improve passage amplitude-phase consistency and signal to noise ratio.
For achieving the above object, the present invention includes: antenna oscillator, low noise amplifier, low-converter, analog to digital converter, is characterized in that:
M one-level modulation phase shifter is connected with between antenna oscillator and low noise amplifier, for producing one group of phase Code by the mode of phase shift, the signal that antenna oscillator exports is carried out bi-phase modulated, and positive crosslinking polymerization process is carried out to the signal after modulation, wherein, M is antenna oscillator number;
Described analog to digital converter, its output is connected with M secondary modulation phase shifter, for generation of phase Code, carries out demodulation process to the single channel signal that analog to digital converter exports, and recovers to obtain multi-path digital baseband signal.
The above-mentioned single channel array received antenna based on phase Code modulation, is characterized in that, each one-level modulation phase shifter comprises one-level logic module, one-level gating switch and aggregation transfer module;
Described one-level logic module, for generation of phase Code code element p
m, and control one-level gating switch signal is modulated, this p
m={ p
0(t) ... p
m(t) ... p
m-2(t) p
m-1(t) }, wherein, p
mt phase Code that () produces for each antenna oscillator end, this phase Code has zero and lacks autocorrelation, and meets mutual orthogonality, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1, M are antenna oscillator number;
Described one-level gating switch, for modulating the output signal of antenna oscillator, obtaining the signal after modulating is: S={ Γ p
0(t) ω
0(t-τ) ... Γ p
m(t) ω
m(t-τ) ... Γ p
m-1(t) ω
m-1(t-τ) }, wherein, Γ is total reflection amplitudes value, and τ is signal transmission delay, ω
m(t-τ) is the waveform after signal time delay, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1;
Described aggregation transfer module, for being polymerized the output signal of one-level gating switch, obtains aggregate signal S
aggrfor:
The above-mentioned single channel array received antenna based on phase Code modulation, it is characterized in that, each secondary modulation phase shifter comprises two-level logic module and secondary gating switch;
Described two-level logic module, for generation of phase Code code element q
m, and control secondary gating switch and demodulation is carried out to signal, this q
m={ q
0(t) ... q
m(t) ... q
m-2(t) q
m-1(t) }, wherein, q
mt phase Code that () produces for each antenna oscillator end, this phase Code has zero and lacks autocorrelation, and meets mutual orthogonality, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1, M are antenna oscillator number;
Described secondary gating switch, for carrying out demodulation to the output signal of analog to digital converter, obtains the multichannel baseband signal S after demodulation
demodfor: S
demod={ q
0s
digtal_aggrq
1s
digtal_aggrq
ms
digtal_aggrq
m-1s
digtal_aggr, wherein, S
digtal_aggrfor the output signal of analog to digital converter, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1.
The above-mentioned single channel array received antenna based on phase Code modulation, is characterized in that, described antenna oscillator, the structure that the metal, rod-shaped pipe adopting M size identical is arranged in parallel, the length L=k λ of each metal tube, wherein, λ is signal wavelength, and k is coefficient, k=14 or k=12.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is polymerized single-pass process owing to using one-level modulation phase shifter to echo-signal, considerably reduces the electronic device needed for band-wise processing, can realize low cost/low section/lower powered array antenna.
2, the present invention modulate owing to utilizing orthogonal phase Code to carry out, demodulation process, improve broad-band interference, arrowband interference or the rejection ability of multi-path jamming, the impact of interference on echo signal can be reduced preferably.
3, the present invention is owing to carrying out phase Code modulation and utilizing orthogonality to carry out demodulation process, make to disturb mutually between each road Received signal strength of recovering little with mutual coupling, signal to noise ratio is high, well solves Phase amplitude-matched sex chromosome mosaicism.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the antenna oscillator structure chart in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the Received signal strength real part schematic diagram of three antenna oscillators in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the one-level modulation phase shifter structure schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the secondary modulation phase shifter structure schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the output signal schematic diagram of one-level of the present invention modulation phase shifter;
Fig. 7 is the output signal schematic diagram of secondary modulation phase shifter of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is that the present invention emulates array antenna layout and target information figure;
Fig. 9 is the angle on target spectral contrast schematic diagram of the present invention and conventional arrays antenna echo signal.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention includes: the modulation of antenna oscillator 1, one-level phase shifter 2, low noise amplifier 3, low-converter 4, analog to digital converter 5 and secondary modulation phase shifter 6.Wherein: M one-level modulation phase shifter 2 is connected between the output of antenna oscillator 1 and the input of low noise amplifier 3, the output of low noise amplifier 3 is connected with the input of low-converter 4, analog to digital converter 5 is connected between the output of low-converter 4 and the input of M secondary modulation phase shifter 6, wherein, M is antenna oscillator number.The structure of each parts is as follows:
With reference to Fig. 2, described antenna oscillator 1, the shaft-like hollow metal tube 11 identical by M size forms, wherein, M >=2, M=10 in this example.The parallel equidistant arrangement of these metal tubes, is fixed on T-shaped support bar 12; The length L=k λ of each metal tube, wherein, λ is signal wavelength, and k is coefficient, k=14 or k=12 is all connected with sensor unit 13 in the cavity of each metal tube, and the output of each sensor unit 13 is modulated phase shifter 2 with an one-level and is connected.Whole antenna oscillator 1 is placed on open space, the port accepts spatial domain electromagnetic wave signal of its each metal tube, this signal is sent to sensor unit 13 by metal tube, sensor unit 13 converts electromagnetic wave signal to the signal of telecommunication, electric signal waveform as shown in Figure 3, the wherein signal waveform that exports for array antenna edge sensor of Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (c), the signal waveform that Fig. 3 (b) exports for array antenna central sensor.
With reference to Fig. 4, each one-level modulation phase shifter 2 comprises one-level logic module 21, one-level gating switch 22 and aggregation transfer module 23;
This one-level logic module 21, its input is connected with the output of antenna oscillator 1, and this module is made up of the first logical circuit C1 and the first transistor G1, and wherein the first logical circuit C1 employing resistance, electric capacity, reactance build; By controlling electric current and the voltage of the first logical circuit C1 output, making the first transistor G1 be in the state of being turned on or off, namely producing phase Code code element p
m(t), this phase Code has zero and lacks autocorrelation, and meets mutual orthogonality, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1, M are antenna oscillator number;
This one-level gating switch 22, built by transistor seconds G2 and form, its input is connected to one-level logic module 21
Output, by the phase Code code element in one-level logic module 21, make transistor seconds G2 be in conducting and off-state, i.e. the open and close state of switch, for modulating the output signal of antenna oscillator 1, obtain modulate after signal be:
S＝{Γp
0(t)ω
0(t-τ)…Γp
m(t)ω
m(t-τ)…Γp
M-1(t)ω
M-1(t-τ)}，
Wherein, Γ is total reflection amplitudes value, and τ is signal transmission delay, ω
m(t-τ) is the waveform after signal time delay, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1;
This aggregation transfer module 23, its output is connected with low noise amplifier 3, this module is made up of the second logical circuit C2 and third transistor G3, wherein the second logical circuit C2 employing resistance, electric capacity, reactance build, by controlling electric current and the voltage of the second logical circuit C2 output, third transistor G3 is made to be in the state of being turned on or off, to realize the gating polymerization of multiple signals, aggregate signal S
aggrfor:
aggregate signal waveform as shown in Figure 6.
Described low noise amplifier 3, adopts but is not limited to the device of LMP7711 model, and the signal that one-level modulation phase shifter 2 exports is by the amplification process of this low noise amplifier 3, and obtain gain amplifying signal, this signal outputs to low-converter 4.
Described low-converter 4, adopt but be not limited to the device of LTC5544 model, the output signal of low noise amplifier 3, by the Frequency mixing processing of low-converter 4, obtains down-conversion signal, and this signal outputs to analog to digital converter 5.
Described analog to digital converter 5, adopt but be not limited to the device of AD10465 model, the output signal of low-converter is by the quantization encoding process of analog to digital converter 5, and obtain digital signal, this signal outputs to secondary modulation phase shifter 6.
With reference to Fig. 5, each secondary modulation phase shifter 6 comprises two-level logic module 61 and secondary gating switch 62;
This two-level logic module 61, its input is connected with the output of analog to digital converter 5, and this module is made up of the 3rd logical circuit C3 and the 4th transistor G4, and wherein the 3rd logical circuit C3 employing resistance, electric capacity, reactance build; By controlling electric current and the voltage of the 3rd logical circuit C3 output, making the 4th transistor G4 be in the state of being turned on or off, namely producing phase Code code element q
m(t), this phase Code has zero and lacks autocorrelation, and meets mutual orthogonality, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1, M are antenna oscillator number;
This secondary gating switch 62, built by the 5th transistor G5 and form, its input is connected to two-level logic module 61
Output, by the phase Code code element in two-level logic module 61, making the 5th transistor G5 be in conducting and off-state, i.e. the open and close state of switch, for carrying out demodulation to the output signal of analog to digital converter 5, obtaining the multichannel baseband signal S after demodulation
demodfor:
S
demod＝{q
0·S
digtal_aggrq
1·S
digtal_aggr…q
m·S
digtal_aggr…q
M-1·S
digtal_aggr}，
Wherein, S
digtal_aggrfor the output signal of analog to digital converter 5, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1, the multichannel baseband signal waveform that secondary modulation phase shifter 6 exports as shown in Figure 7, the wherein edge gateway signal waveform that exports for secondary modulation phase shifter of Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (c), the edge gateway signal waveform that Fig. 7 (b) exports for secondary modulation phase shifter.
Effect of the present invention is verified further by following emulation.
1. experiment scene:
As shown in Figure 8, it is that the present invention emulates array antenna layout and target information figure, and the position coordinates of inventive antenna and conventional arrays reception antenna is all (0,0) km, and array antenna is provided with 10 antenna oscillators; Have 2 targets in simulating scenes, wherein, the angle information of target 1 is set to-45 °, and the angle information of target 2 is set to+45 °.
2. experiment content and result:
Received the reflected signal of two targets by antenna scanning spatial domain, this scan sector scope is-90 ° ~+90 °.Wave beam forming is carried out respectively by the echo-signal of conventional arrays reception antenna and these two kinds of antennas of the present invention, obtain angle on target power spectrum chart, as shown in Figure 9, the dotted line wherein in Fig. 9 is the angle on target power spectrum of conventional arrays antenna, and the solid line of Fig. 9 is angle on target power spectrum of the present invention.
Can be seen by the contrast of Fig. 9 dotted portion and Fig. 9 bold portion: when the present invention reduces at designs simplification, smaller volume, device, cost reduces, can reach same with conventional arrays antenna accurate to the angular surveying of target, and same Measurement Resolution can be reached.
Claims (2)
1. the single channel array received antenna based on phase Code modulation, comprise: antenna oscillator (1), low noise amplifier (3), low-converter (4), analog to digital converter (5), the output of low noise amplifier (3) is connected with the input of low-converter (4), it is characterized in that:
Described antenna oscillator (1), the structure that the metal, rod-shaped pipe adopting M size identical is arranged in parallel;
Be connected with M one-level between antenna oscillator (1) and low noise amplifier (3) and modulate phase shifter (2), for producing one group of phase Code by the mode of phase shift, the signal that antenna oscillator (1) exports is carried out bi-phase modulated, and positive crosslinking polymerization process is carried out to the signal after modulation, wherein, M is metal, rod-shaped pipe number;
Each one-level modulation phase shifter (2) comprises one-level logic module (21), one-level gating switch (22) and aggregation transfer module (23);
This one-level logic module (21), for generation of phase Code code element p
m, and control one-level gating switch (22) signal is modulated, this p
m={ p
0(t) ... p
m(t) ... p
m-2(t) p
m-1(t) }, wherein, p
mt phase Code that () produces for each antenna oscillator end, this phase Code has zero and lacks autocorrelation, and meets mutual orthogonality, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1;
This one-level gating switch (22), for modulating the output signal of antenna oscillator (1), obtaining the signal after modulating is:
S={ Γ p
0(t) ω
0(t-τ) ... Γ p
m(t) ω
m(t-τ) ... Γ p
m-1(t) ω
m-1(t-τ) }, wherein, Γ is total reflection amplitudes value, and τ is signal transmission delay, ω
m(t-τ) is the waveform after signal time delay, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1;
This aggregation transfer module (23), for being polymerized the output signal of one-level gating switch (22), obtains aggregate signal S
aggrfor:
Described analog to digital converter (5), its input is connected with the output of low-converter (4), its output is connected with M secondary modulation phase shifter (6), for generation of phase Code, demodulation process is carried out to the single channel signal that analog to digital converter (5) exports, recovers to obtain multi-path digital baseband signal;
Each secondary modulation phase shifter (6) comprises two-level logic module (61) and secondary gating switch (62);
This two-level logic module (61), for generation of phase Code code element q
m, and control secondary gating switch (62) and demodulation is carried out to signal, this q
m={ q
0(t) ... q
m(t) ... q
m-2(t) q
m-1(t) }, wherein, q
mt phase Code that () produces for each antenna oscillator end, this phase Code has zero and lacks autocorrelation, and meets mutual orthogonality, m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1;
This secondary gating switch (62), for carrying out demodulation to the output signal of analog to digital converter (5), obtains the multichannel baseband signal S after demodulation
demodfor: S
demod={ q
0s
digtal_aggrq
1s
digtal_aggrq
ms
digtal_aggrq
m-1s
digtal_aggr, wherein, S
digtal_aggrfor the output signal of analog to digital converter (5), m=0,1,2 ... M-2, M-1.
2. the single channel array received antenna based on phase Code modulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the length L=k λ of described each metal tube, wherein, λ is signal wavelength, and k is coefficient, k=1/4 or k=1/2.
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