WO2023096618A2 - A spectrophotometer - Google Patents

A spectrophotometer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023096618A2
WO2023096618A2 PCT/TR2022/051318 TR2022051318W WO2023096618A2 WO 2023096618 A2 WO2023096618 A2 WO 2023096618A2 TR 2022051318 W TR2022051318 W TR 2022051318W WO 2023096618 A2 WO2023096618 A2 WO 2023096618A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spectrophotometer
voltage
diode
offset circuit
emitter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2022/051318
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2023096618A3 (en
Inventor
Melis TOKMAK
Mehmet Cagri SOYLU
Hatice YIGITER
Ahmet ULGEN
Oguz EKMEKCIOGLU
Murat PEKER
Original Assignee
Erciyes Universitesi Strateji Gelistirme Daire Baskanligi
Nigde Omer Halisdemir Universitesi Teknoloji Transfer Merkezi Doner Sermaye Isletmesi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from TR2021/018491 external-priority patent/TR2021018491A2/en
Application filed by Erciyes Universitesi Strateji Gelistirme Daire Baskanligi, Nigde Omer Halisdemir Universitesi Teknoloji Transfer Merkezi Doner Sermaye Isletmesi filed Critical Erciyes Universitesi Strateji Gelistirme Daire Baskanligi
Publication of WO2023096618A2 publication Critical patent/WO2023096618A2/en
Publication of WO2023096618A3 publication Critical patent/WO2023096618A3/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • G01J3/108—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry for measurement in the infrared range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/0216—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using light concentrators or collectors or condensers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a portable, low-cost spectrophotometer for use in food and body fluid analyses, which can perform spectroscopic analysis, and most importantly does not require skilled personnel, and which is alternative to IOT and POC systems.
  • Spectroscopy is the measurement and interpretation of electromagnetic radiation absorbed or emitted during the transition of atoms, molecules, or ions in a sample from one energy level to another.
  • the variable that is measured is mostly the intensity of the light and its polarization state.
  • Spectroscopy is used to generate spectral lines and measure their wavelengths and intensities. If the instrument is designed to measure the spectrum in absolute units rather than relative units, it is generally referred to as a spectrophotometer.
  • Spectrophotometer is a type of photometer frequently used in molecular biology. It is used to determine the amount of analyte in the solution. Its basic logic is based on the principle of passing light in certain spectra through the prepared solution and determining how much of this beam is absorbed by the solution. The more analyte the solution comprises, the more beam is absorbed by the solution.
  • the spectrophotometer provides quantitative information about the analyte in the solution by detecting the intensity of light that can pass through the solution (not absorbed by the solution). For example, when the bacteria left in various media to illustrate the growth of bacteria at different temperatures are measured one by one with a spectrophotometer in the determined solutions, more absorption will be observed in the sample with more bacteria. Therefore, this gives information about the bacterial growth rate depending on the temperature in the medium. After all, more bacteria mean more substance, which means more absorption.
  • Spectrophotometer devices are used in the fields of biophotonics, industry, chemistry, and pharmacy, especially in the health and food sector, in semiconductor production, and in the quality control phase of material tests.
  • the molecular interaction of light is based on the particle model in spectrophotometer devices.
  • the information obtained from the interaction of the light with the sample causes reflection or scattering and is evaluated by the detector as absorption, transmittance, and reflection.
  • These spectrophotometer devices are insufficient in terms of transportation, cost, and need for skilled personnel.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide a spectrophotometer device that makes quantitative and qualitative measurements in the mid-infrared region without preliminary sample preparation.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide a portable, low-cost spectrophotometer device that does not require skilled personnel for measurement.
  • the objective of this invention is to examine the thermodynamic effect of light by departing from the classical view of physics and it is based on Planck's Law.
  • the change in the drive current and voltage of the light source causes a change in the energy of the light source.
  • the material heats up and evaporates.
  • the atoms of the material are excited and after this excitation, each element emits a unique energy.
  • the emitted energy is detected by the detector.
  • the intensity of light is measured at each wavelength scanned for the light source. The measured intensity is proportional to the concentration of the element in the material being analyzed.
  • a spectrophotometric method has been developed using a new technique.
  • Figure 1 is the schematic view of the spectrophotometer according to the invention.
  • An easily portable spectrophotometer (1) which can perform spectroscopic analysis without needing preliminary sample preparation, preferably for use in food and body fluid analysis, essentially comprises at least one diode, at least one laser diode power supply (2) to provide the required current and voltage for the diode, at least one photonic unit (3) comprising at least one emitter (31) to change the energy and wavelength of the light falling thereon, at least one lens (32) to collect the beams emitted from the emitter (31) and direct them to the sample, at least one detector (33) capable of detecting the radiations in the mid-infrared region to detect the light passing through the sample, at least one amplifier/Offset circuit (4) comprising an op-amp to increase the voltage output from the photonic unit (3) and an offset circuit to bring the detector (33) output voltage to 0-10 V (volts) scale to increase the system sensitivity, at least one microcontroller (5) for real-time measurement and control of data at the output of the amplifier/offset circuit (4), at least one power supply (6).
  • the spectrophotometer (1) of the present invention comprises at least one LED (Light emitting diode).
  • the diode transmits current in one direction and blocks it in the other. Some semiconductor diodes glow light when they are electrically excited.
  • For the maximum operation of the diode there is at least one laser diode power supply (2) connected to the LED.
  • the laser diode power supply (2) provides the necessary current and voltage for the LED (emitter) in the circuit and ensures that it operates without problem for a long time.
  • the laser diode power supply (2) comprises a voltage display panel, current display panel, (+) output, ground output, calibration switch, current adjustment switch, and on-off switch.
  • the spectrophotometer (1) of the present invention comprises at least one photonic unit (3).
  • the photonic unit (3) there are emitter (31), convex lens (32), and detector (33), respectively.
  • the voltage and current falling on the emitter (31) provide a change m the energy and wavelength of the light.
  • the convex lens (J2) collects the scattered beam from the emitter (31) and helps them to be transmitted to the sample as a single beam wave.
  • the detector (33) is the part where the light passing through the sample is detected.
  • the detector (33) operates in the spectral range of 1-20 pm.
  • the detector (33) operates range’s 3- 20 pm range.
  • An alternative phenomenon is attempted to be based on absorption by using the MIR spectroscopy measurement method in the spectrophotometer (1).
  • at least one cooler is provided in the photonic unit (3) to prevent the emitter (31) from getting heated and burning at high current and voltage values.
  • the photonic unit (3) contains at least one cuvette.
  • the material to be examined, the sample, is placed in the cuvette.
  • the optical path length of the cuvette to be used in the photonic unit analysis is determined to be preferably 1 cm. However, the strong absorption of water in the mid-infrared region does not cause a response in the detector (33). The optical path length has been shortened ( ⁇ 1 cm) to overcome this situation.
  • the spectrophotometer (1) comprises at least one amplifier/offset circuit (4).
  • the amplifier/offset circuit (4) accommodates an op-amp and a voltage divider circuit structure to provide voltage offset therein.
  • the voltage range obtained by the amplifier/offset circuit (4) is expanded in order to increase the voltage coming from the detector (33) in the photonic unit (3).
  • the offset circuit is established by using the voltage divider circuit structure.
  • the amplifier/offset circuit (4) increases the detector (33) output voltage approximately 1000 times.
  • the offset circuit brings the voltage output of the detector (43), which is in the range of 0.72 V-3.65 V, to the range of 0-10V.
  • At least one microcontroller (5) is placed at the output of the amplifier/offset circuit
  • the microcontroller (5) is an electronic platform in the form of a mini board that can be used for the control of mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic systems, or robots which are a component thereof.
  • the microcontroller (5) comprises 14 digital input/output pins (6 of them are PWM (Pulse Width Modulation- Signal Width Modulation)), 6 analog input pins, an oscillator for 16 MHz clock speed, one USB connection, one DC power input, an ICSP connection header, and a reset button.
  • the pin-socket structure is used in order to easily use the board and to make the cable connections of the components easily.
  • Matlab is used for real-time measurement of the data at the output of the amplifier/offset circuit (4).
  • the spectrophotometer (1) comprises at least one power supply (6) to provide the energy needed by the system.
  • the power supply (6) comprises +5V output voltage, -5V output voltage, -12V output voltage, + 12V output voltage, ground output, on- off switch.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spectrophotometer (1), preferably for use in food and body fluid analysis, which is easily portable and can perform spectroscopic analysis without needing preliminary sample preparation, characterized by at least one diode, at least one diode power supply (2) to provide the required current and voltage for the diode, at least one photonic unit (3) comprising at least one emitter (31) to change the energy and wavelength of the light falling thereon, at least one lens (32) to collect the beams emitted from the emitter (31) and direct them to the sample, at least one detector (33) capable of detecting the radiations in the mid-infrared region to detect the light passing through the sample, at least one amplifier/'Offset circuit (4) comprising an op-amp to increase the voltage output from the photonic unit (3) and an offset circuit to bring the detector (33) output voltage to 0-10 V scale to increase the system sensitivity, at least one microcontroller (5) for real-time measurement and control of data at the output of the amplifier/offset circuit (4), at least one power supply (6).

Description

A SPECTROPHOTOMETER
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a portable, low-cost spectrophotometer for use in food and body fluid analyses, which can perform spectroscopic analysis, and most importantly does not require skilled personnel, and which is alternative to IOT and POC systems.
Background of the Invention
To perform both quantitative and qualitative analyses of organic substances, an evaluation of the changing chemical bond properties of these substances is used. Various methods have been developed for this purpose. Spectroscopy is the measurement and interpretation of electromagnetic radiation absorbed or emitted during the transition of atoms, molecules, or ions in a sample from one energy level to another.
The variable that is measured is mostly the intensity of the light and its polarization state. Spectroscopy is used to generate spectral lines and measure their wavelengths and intensities. If the instrument is designed to measure the spectrum in absolute units rather than relative units, it is generally referred to as a spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometer is a type of photometer frequently used in molecular biology. It is used to determine the amount of analyte in the solution. Its basic logic is based on the principle of passing light in certain spectra through the prepared solution and determining how much of this beam is absorbed by the solution. The more analyte the solution comprises, the more beam is absorbed by the solution. The spectrophotometer provides quantitative information about the analyte in the solution by detecting the intensity of light that can pass through the solution (not absorbed by the solution). For example, when the bacteria left in various media to illustrate the growth of bacteria at different temperatures are measured one by one with a spectrophotometer in the determined solutions, more absorption will be observed in the sample with more bacteria. Therefore, this gives information about the bacterial growth rate depending on the temperature in the medium. After all, more bacteria mean more substance, which means more absorption.
Spectrophotometer devices are used in the fields of biophotonics, industry, chemistry, and pharmacy, especially in the health and food sector, in semiconductor production, and in the quality control phase of material tests.
In the state of the art, the molecular interaction of light is based on the particle model in spectrophotometer devices. The information obtained from the interaction of the light with the sample causes reflection or scattering and is evaluated by the detector as absorption, transmittance, and reflection. These spectrophotometer devices are insufficient in terms of transportation, cost, and need for skilled personnel.
The Problems Solved with the Invention
The objective of the present invention is to provide a spectrophotometer device that makes quantitative and qualitative measurements in the mid-infrared region without preliminary sample preparation.
The objective of the present invention is to provide a portable, low-cost spectrophotometer device that does not require skilled personnel for measurement.
The objective of this invention is to examine the thermodynamic effect of light by departing from the classical view of physics and it is based on Planck's Law. According to this phenomenon, the change in the drive current and voltage of the light source causes a change in the energy of the light source. As a result of interaction with the sample, the material heats up and evaporates. Thus, the atoms of the material are excited and after this excitation, each element emits a unique energy. The emitted energy is detected by the detector. The intensity of light is measured at each wavelength scanned for the light source. The measured intensity is proportional to the concentration of the element in the material being analyzed. As a result, a spectrophotometric method has been developed using a new technique.
Detailed Description of the Invention
A spectrophotometer developed to fulfill the objectives of the present invention is illustrated in the accompanying figure, in which:
Figure 1 is the schematic view of the spectrophotometer according to the invention.
The components shown in the figures are each given reference numbers as follows:
1. Spectrophotometer
2. Laser diode power supply
3. Photonic unit
31. Emitter
32. Lens
33. Detector
4. Amplifier / Offset circuit
5. Microcontroller
6. Power supply
An easily portable spectrophotometer (1) which can perform spectroscopic analysis without needing preliminary sample preparation, preferably for use in food and body fluid analysis, essentially comprises at least one diode, at least one laser diode power supply (2) to provide the required current and voltage for the diode, at least one photonic unit (3) comprising at least one emitter (31) to change the energy and wavelength of the light falling thereon, at least one lens (32) to collect the beams emitted from the emitter (31) and direct them to the sample, at least one detector (33) capable of detecting the radiations in the mid-infrared region to detect the light passing through the sample, at least one amplifier/Offset circuit (4) comprising an op-amp to increase the voltage output from the photonic unit (3) and an offset circuit to bring the detector (33) output voltage to 0-10 V (volts) scale to increase the system sensitivity, at least one microcontroller (5) for real-time measurement and control of data at the output of the amplifier/offset circuit (4), at least one power supply (6).
The spectrophotometer (1) of the present invention comprises at least one LED (Light emitting diode). The diode transmits current in one direction and blocks it in the other. Some semiconductor diodes glow light when they are electrically excited. For the LED to present its characteristic features at the maximum level, appropriate current and voltage must be applied. For the maximum operation of the diode, there is at least one laser diode power supply (2) connected to the LED. The laser diode power supply (2) provides the necessary current and voltage for the LED (emitter) in the circuit and ensures that it operates without problem for a long time. The laser diode power supply (2) comprises a voltage display panel, current display panel, (+) output, ground output, calibration switch, current adjustment switch, and on-off switch.
The spectrophotometer (1) of the present invention comprises at least one photonic unit (3). In the photonic unit (3), there are emitter (31), convex lens (32), and detector (33), respectively. The voltage and current falling on the emitter (31) provide a change m the energy and wavelength of the light. The convex lens (J2) collects the scattered beam from the emitter (31) and helps them to be transmitted to the sample as a single beam wave. The detector (33) is the part where the light passing through the sample is detected. The emitter (31) used in the photonic unit
(3) operates in the spectral range of 1-20 pm. The detector (33) operates range’s 3- 20 pm range. An alternative phenomenon is attempted to be based on absorption by using the MIR spectroscopy measurement method in the spectrophotometer (1). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one cooler is provided in the photonic unit (3) to prevent the emitter (31) from getting heated and burning at high current and voltage values.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the photonic unit (3) contains at least one cuvette. The material to be examined, the sample, is placed in the cuvette. The optical path length of the cuvette to be used in the photonic unit analysis is determined to be preferably 1 cm. However, the strong absorption of water in the mid-infrared region does not cause a response in the detector (33). The optical path length has been shortened (<1 cm) to overcome this situation. There is at least one cuvette space for placing the cuvette inside the photonic unit (3).
The spectrophotometer (1) comprises at least one amplifier/offset circuit (4). The amplifier/offset circuit (4) accommodates an op-amp and a voltage divider circuit structure to provide voltage offset therein. The voltage range obtained by the amplifier/offset circuit (4) is expanded in order to increase the voltage coming from the detector (33) in the photonic unit (3). The offset circuit is established by using the voltage divider circuit structure. The amplifier/offset circuit (4) increases the detector (33) output voltage approximately 1000 times. The offset circuit, on the other hand, brings the voltage output of the detector (43), which is in the range of 0.72 V-3.65 V, to the range of 0-10V.
At least one microcontroller (5) is placed at the output of the amplifier/offset circuit
(4) for real-time measurement of data. The microcontroller (5) is an electronic platform in the form of a mini board that can be used for the control of mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic systems, or robots which are a component thereof. The microcontroller (5) comprises 14 digital input/output pins (6 of them are PWM (Pulse Width Modulation- Signal Width Modulation)), 6 analog input pins, an oscillator for 16 MHz clock speed, one USB connection, one DC power input, an ICSP connection header, and a reset button. The pin-socket structure is used in order to easily use the board and to make the cable connections of the components easily. Matlab is used for real-time measurement of the data at the output of the amplifier/offset circuit (4).
The spectrophotometer (1) comprises at least one power supply (6) to provide the energy needed by the system. The power supply (6) comprises +5V output voltage, -5V output voltage, -12V output voltage, + 12V output voltage, ground output, on- off switch.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A spectrophotometer (1) preferably for use in food and body fluid analyses, which is easily portable and can perform spectroscopic analysis without needing preliminary sample preparation, characterized by at least one diode, at least one diode power supply (2) to provide the required current and voltage for the diode, at least one photonic unit (3) comprising at least one emitter (31) to change the energy and wavelength of the light falling thereon, at least one lens (32) to collect the beams emitted from the emitter (31) and direct them to the sample, at least one detector (33) capable of detecting the radiations in the mid-infrared region to detect the light passing through the sample, at least one amplifier/Offset circuit (4) comprising an op-amp to increase the voltage output from the photonic unit (3) and an offset circuit to bring the detector (33) output voltage to 0-10 V scale to increase the system sensitivity, at least one microcontroller (5) for real-time measurement and control of data at the output of the amplifier/offset circuit (4), at least one power supply (6). 2. A spectrophotometer (1) according to claim 1, characterized by LED diode. 3. A spectrophotometer (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a photonic unit (3) which comprises at least one cooler to prevent the emitter (31) from getting heated and burning at high current and voltage values. 4. A spectrophotometer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lens is a convex lens.
PCT/TR2022/051318 2021-11-25 2022-11-18 A spectrophotometer WO2023096618A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2021018491 2021-11-25
TR2021/018491 TR2021018491A2 (en) 2021-11-25 A SPECTROPHOTOMETER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023096618A2 true WO2023096618A2 (en) 2023-06-01
WO2023096618A3 WO2023096618A3 (en) 2023-08-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/TR2022/051318 WO2023096618A2 (en) 2021-11-25 2022-11-18 A spectrophotometer

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Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2434443B (en) * 2005-12-14 2008-01-02 Zinir Ltd Spectrophotometer
JP5308150B2 (en) * 2006-03-14 2013-10-09 Ｇａｓｔ Ｊａｐａｎ 株式会社 Soil inspection equipment
EP2817613A4 (en) * 2012-02-21 2016-08-03 Massachusetts Inst Technology Spectrometer device

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