WO2022206615A1

WO2022206615A1 - Electronic device for giving atrial fibrillation early warning on basis of different atrial fibrillation stages, and system

Info

Publication number: WO2022206615A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/083138
Authority: WO
Inventors: 崔雨琦; 赵昶铭; 张稳; 孟璐斌; 伍冬睿; 李露平; 陈茂林
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-03-30
Filing date: 2022-03-25
Publication date: 2022-10-06
Also published as: CN115137369B; CN115137369A

Abstract

An electronic device for giving an atrial fibrillation early warning on the basis of different atrial fibrillation stages, and a system and a wearable device. The electronic device is used for: respectively determining a long-standing atrial fibrillation risk value and a short-standing atrial fibrillation risk value according to a characteristic value of the heart rate variability of a user, wherein a long-standing atrial fibrillation is a first atrial fibrillation in the subsequent atrial fibrillation episode after a non-atrial fibrillation episode of the user, and a short-standing atrial fibrillation comprises atrial fibrillations in an atrial fibrillation episode of the user, except for the first atrial fibrillation; according to the long-standing atrial fibrillation risk value and the short-standing atrial fibrillation risk value, respectively determining whether a short-standing early warning or a long-standing early warning is required, and determining a utilized early warning result, wherein the early warning result comprises a long-standing early warning result and a short-standing early warning result; and giving an alarm to the user according to the early warning result. The electronic device divides an atrial fibrillation into an atrial fibrillation episode and a non-atrial fibrillation episode, and gives an atrial fibrillation early warning in different stages by using different manners, so that a user can introduce an intervention treatment in advance, and the user experience is thus improved. The wearable device is used for: acquiring, by using a PPG data collector, PPG data of a user and a collection time corresponding to the PPG data; performing filtering processing on the PPG data, and determining a characteristic value of the heart rate variability of the user; and sending, to the electronic device, the characteristic value of the heart rate variability and the collection time corresponding to the PPG data. The wearable device can effectively perform atrial fibrillation detection.

Description

Electronic device and system for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different stages of atrial fibrillation

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the State Intellectual Property Office on March 30, 2021, the application number is 202110341332.6, and the application name is "electronic equipment and system for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages", all of which are The contents are incorporated herein by reference.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of physical health, and more specifically, to an electronic device and system for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different stages of atrial fibrillation.

Background technique

Atrial fibrillation, abbreviated as atrial fibrillation, is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical medicine. When a patient develops atrial fibrillation, the atrium loses its normal and effective systolic function and is in a state of rapid and disordered fibrillation. Without proper treatment, atrial fibrillation can lead to serious complications and impose a heavy burden on families and society, and atrial fibrillation has become a growing public health problem.

Studies have shown that a wrist wearable device based on photoplethysmography (PPG) can effectively detect atrial fibrillation and screen patients with atrial fibrillation. However, the current technology can only detect atrial fibrillation based on the PPG signal measured by the wearable device, but cannot predict future atrial fibrillation episodes, so that users and doctors cannot accurately grasp the progress of the disease and advance intervention treatment, and the user experience is low. .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application provides an electronic device and system for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages. , respectively, using different methods for atrial fibrillation early warning, which realizes the detection and early warning of atrial fibrillation in both atrial fibrillation and non-atrial fibrillation episodes, so that users can intervene in advance to avoid the onset of atrial fibrillation and improve the user experience. experience. In addition, different early warning methods are carried out according to the characteristics of different stages, which can effectively reduce a large amount of atrial fibrillation early warning information in a short period of time, improve user experience, and ensure that users can obtain more important atrial fibrillation early warning information.

In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device includes: a processor; a memory; and a computer program, the computer program being stored on the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, causes the electronic device to execute The following steps: obtain the user's heart rate variability characteristic value, which is determined according to the user's PPG data; according to the heart rate variability characteristic value, respectively determine the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value and the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value corresponding to the user value, the long-term atrial fibrillation is the first atrial fibrillation in the next atrial fibrillation episode after the user's non-atrial fibrillation episode, and the short-term atrial fibrillation is included in the user's atrial fibrillation episode, except for the first atrial fibrillation Atrial fibrillation other than atrial fibrillation occurred; according to the risk value of long-range atrial fibrillation, determine whether a long-range early warning is required, and the long-range early warning is the early warning of atrial fibrillation performed during the non-atrial fibrillation attack period; according to the risk value of short-range atrial fibrillation, determine whether Whether a short-range early warning is required, the short-range early warning is the atrial fibrillation early warning performed during the onset of atrial fibrillation; the early warning result to be used is determined according to the collection time corresponding to the PPG data, and the early warning result includes: the result of the long-range early warning and the short-range early warning The result of the warning; according to the warning result, the user is warned.

The electronic equipment provided in the first aspect, for patients with atrial fibrillation, by distinguishing long-range early warning and short-range early warning, in the long-range early warning and short-range early warning, using the obtained PPG signal, respectively, using methods to calculate the risk value of long-range atrial fibrillation and short-range atrial fibrillation risk value. In the case of ensuring that the false alarm rate is lower than a certain level, the accuracy of long-range atrial fibrillation and short-range atrial fibrillation can be effectively improved. At the same time, it can also adapt to the differences in the patterns of different users before the onset of the disease, improve the accuracy of early warning for a single user, and can divide the early warning status without consuming a lot of computing resources and storage resources to improve user experience.

Illustratively, electronic devices may include: smart televisions, tablet computers, netbooks, PDAs, computer handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, smart phones, and the like.

In the example of the present application, the time corresponding to the PPG data is divided into a period of atrial fibrillation and a period of non-atrial fibrillation. During an atrial fibrillation episode, the patient with atrial fibrillation also had periodic multiple episodes of atrial fibrillation, rather than persistent atrial fibrillation episodes. During the non-AF period, the patient does not develop atrial fibrillation. That is, atrial fibrillation episodes and non-atrial fibrillation episodes appear alternately in time.

In the embodiment of the present application, the early warning of atrial fibrillation performed during the onset of atrial fibrillation is a short-range early warning, and the short-range early warning can be understood as: measuring during the onset of atrial fibrillation, and predicting the next occurrence of atrial fibrillation during the onset of atrial fibrillation time and probability. Atrial fibrillation that occurs during an episode of atrial fibrillation is called short-course atrial fibrillation. Short-range atrial fibrillation refers to atrial fibrillation other than the first occurrence of atrial fibrillation during the onset of atrial fibrillation. The time and probability of occurrence of tremors, etc.

In the example of this application, the atrial fibrillation warning performed during the non-AF attack period is regarded as a long-range warning, and the long-range warning can be understood as: measuring during the non-AF attack period, and predicting the next period after the non-AF attack period. The time and probability of the first occurrence of atrial fibrillation within an atrial fibrillation episode. Long-term atrial fibrillation refers to the first atrial fibrillation in the next atrial fibrillation episode after a non-atrial fibrillation episode. The long-range early warning predicts the time and probability of the first atrial fibrillation in the next atrial fibrillation attack period after the non-atrial fibrillation attack period.

Long-range atrial fibrillation risk value: refers to the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value obtained by means of long-range early warning, that is, predicting the probability of long-range atrial fibrillation in the future.

Short-range atrial fibrillation risk value: refers to the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value obtained by means of short-range early warning, that is, predicting the probability of short-range atrial fibrillation in the future.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, determining whether a long-range early warning is required according to the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value includes: according to the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value, the first long-range atrial fibrillation corresponding to the user's previous first time length Risk value, the second long-range atrial fibrillation risk value corresponding to the user's previous long-range atrial fibrillation, to determine whether long-range early warning is required.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value satisfies at least one of the following conditions, it is determined that a long-range early warning needs to be performed:

If the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined that a long-range warning is required; the first long-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the second threshold, and the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the first threshold and The sum of the first long-range atrial fibrillation risk value; the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the average or maximum value of a plurality of the second long-range atrial fibrillation risk values.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, determining whether a short-range early warning is required according to the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value includes: according to the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value, the user's first short-range atrial fibrillation corresponding to a second time length before The risk value, the second short-range atrial fibrillation risk value corresponding to the user's previous multiple short-range atrial fibrillation, determines whether long-range early warning is required.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value satisfies at least one of the following conditions, it is determined that a short-range early warning needs to be performed:

If the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that a short-range warning is required; the first short-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, and the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the third threshold and The sum of the first short-range atrial fibrillation risk value; the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the average or maximum value of a plurality of the second short-range atrial fibrillation risk values.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, determining the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value corresponding to the user according to the heart rate variability characteristic value, including: according to the current heart rate variability characteristic value and the user's historical heart rate variability characteristic value , calculate the long-range atrial fibrillation risk characteristic value of the user; determine the user's current long-range atrial fibrillation risk value according to the long-range atrial fibrillation risk characteristic value.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, determining the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value corresponding to the user according to the heart rate variability characteristic value, including: according to the current heart rate variability characteristic value and the user's historical heart rate variability characteristic value , calculate the short-range atrial fibrillation risk characteristic value of the user; determine the user's current short-range atrial fibrillation risk value according to the short-range atrial fibrillation risk characteristic value.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the early warning result to be used is determined according to the collection time corresponding to the PPG data, including: when the time between the collection time corresponding to the PPG data and the time when the last atrial fibrillation occurred before the user The time interval is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, and it is determined to use the result of the long-range early warning, and the result of the long-range early warning includes: performing the long-range early warning or not performing the long-range early warning; when the collection time corresponding to the PPG data and the user's previous The time interval between the most recent occurrences of atrial fibrillation is less than the preset fifth threshold, and the result of the short-range early warning is determined to be adopted, and the result of the short-range early warning includes: performing the short-range early warning or not performing the short-range early warning.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the early warning result to be used is determined according to the collection time corresponding to the PPG data, including: when the time between the collection time corresponding to the PPG data and the time when the last atrial fibrillation occurred before the user When the time interval is greater than or equal to the preset sixth threshold value and less than or equal to the preset seventh threshold value, determine the average value of the risk value of long-term atrial fibrillation and the risk value of this process of atrial fibrillation; when the average value is greater than or equal to The preset eighth threshold is determined to use the result of the short-range early warning, and the result of the short-range early warning includes: performing the short-range early warning or not performing the short-range early warning; when the average value is less than the preset eighth threshold, it is determined to use the long-range early warning The result of the long-range early warning includes: performing the long-range early warning or not performing the long-range early warning.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the early warning result to be used is determined according to the collection time corresponding to the PPG data, including: when the time between the collection time corresponding to the PPG data and the time when the last atrial fibrillation occurred before the user The time interval is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, and if no PPG data is obtained within the time interval, the first PPG data is obtained; according to the first PPG data, the adopted warning result is determined. In this way, the current warning state can be more accurately judged, and at the same time, after multiple measurements, the time interval for reminding each user to take the initiative to measure can be adjusted individually to further improve the user experience.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the electronic device communicates wirelessly with the wearable device of the user, and alerts the user according to the warning result, including: when the long-range warning result is performed, the information of the long-range warning Synchronize to the APP of the electronic device and the wearable device, and prompt the user to intervene. For example, electronic devices and wearable devices can remind users to intervene in time through vibration, sound, and light flashing.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, according to the warning result, the user is warned, including synchronizing the short-range warning information to the APP of the electronic device when the short-range warning result is performed. In this implementation, if long-range atrial fibrillation warning is required, the warning unit synchronizes the warning information to the electronic device and the wearable device, and reminds the user to intervene in time by means of vibration, sound, and light flashing. If short-range early warning is required, the alarm unit synchronizes the alarm information to the APP of the electronic device. When the user opens the APP of the electronic device, he can see the short-range warning information. Long-range atrial fibrillation and short-range atrial fibrillation use different levels of early warning, which can effectively reduce a large amount of short-range atrial fibrillation early warning information in a short period of time, improve user experience, and ensure that users can not miss more important long-range atrial fibrillation early warning information.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a PPG data collector; the electronic device further performs the following steps: using the PPG data collector to acquire the user's PPG data and the collection time corresponding to the PPG data ; According to the PPG data, determine the heart rate variability characteristic value of the user. The PPG data collector periodically detects or collects the original PPG signal of the user. Each collection corresponds to a collection time, and multiple collections correspond to multiple times. The wearable device can record the time corresponding to each acquisition. Wherein, the time when the original PPG signal is collected for the first time is recorded as the collection time corresponding to the PPG data.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the electronic device communicates wirelessly with the wearable device of the user, and the electronic device further performs the following steps: receiving the PPG data sent by the wearable device corresponding to the collection time. According to the PPG data, the heart rate variability characteristic value of the user is determined.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the electronic device communicates wirelessly with the wearable device of the user, and the electronic device further performs the following step: receiving the heart rate variability characteristic value of the user sent by the wearable device.

In a second aspect, a wearable device is provided, the wearable device communicates wirelessly with an electronic device, the wearable device includes: a processor; a memory; a PPG data collector; and a computer program, the computer program being stored on the memory , when the computer program is executed by the processor, the wearable device is made to perform the following steps: use the PPG data collector to obtain the PPG data of the user and the collection time corresponding to the PPG data; filter the PPG data, Determine the heart rate variability characteristic value of the user; send the heart rate variability characteristic value and the collection time corresponding to the PPG data to the electronic device.

Exemplarily, the wearable devices may further include: smart bracelets, wearable wrist devices, smart glasses, AR/VR devices, and the like.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the wearable device further performs the following steps: receiving long-range warning information sent by the electronic device, where the long-range warning is the user's ongoing atrial fibrillation during a non-AF attack period Alert; prompts the user to view the information of the long-range alert. In this implementation, if long-range atrial fibrillation warning is required, the warning unit synchronizes the warning information to the smart phone and the wearable device, and reminds the user to intervene in time by means of vibration, sound, and light flashing.

In a third aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, and the communication apparatus includes a unit for performing each step performed by an electronic device in the above first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, the communication apparatus including a unit for performing each step performed by a wearable device in the above second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

In a fifth aspect, an electronic device is provided, and the electronic device includes the communication apparatus provided in the third aspect.

In a sixth aspect, a wearable device is provided, and the wearable device includes the communication device provided in the fourth aspect.

In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes an electronic device to execute the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect. or, causing the wearable device to perform the steps performed in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

In an eighth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed, the electronic device is made to execute the first aspect or any possible possibility in the first aspect. The steps performed in the implementation manner, or the wearable device is caused to perform the steps performed in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

In a ninth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip includes: a processor for calling and running a computer program from a memory, so that a communication device installed with the chip executes the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect The steps performed in the manner, or, the steps performed in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect are performed.

The electronic equipment and system for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different stages of atrial fibrillation provided by this application, for patients with atrial fibrillation, by distinguishing long-range early warning and short-range early warning, between long-range early warning and short-range early warning, using the detected PPG signal, respectively adopt different The model and personalized module calculate the risk value of long-range atrial fibrillation and the risk value of short-range atrial fibrillation, which can effectively improve the accuracy of long-range atrial fibrillation and short-range atrial fibrillation while ensuring that the false alarm rate is lower than a certain level. At the same time, the personalized module can also adapt to the differences in the patterns of different users before the onset of the disease, improve the accuracy of early warning for a single user, and can divide the early warning status without consuming a lot of computing resources and storage resources. In addition, long-range atrial fibrillation and short-range atrial fibrillation use different levels of early warning methods, which can effectively reduce a large number of short-range atrial fibrillation early warning information in a short period of time and improve user experience.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of an application scenario provided by the present application applicable to the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram on the time axis of an atrial fibrillation attack period and a non-atrial fibrillation attack period according to an example of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture diagram of an example of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an example of a method for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an example of an early warning result that is determined and adopted according to the current data collection time and the time of the last occurrence of atrial fibrillation before the user according to the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an example of an alarming process by an alarming unit provided by the implementation of the present application.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture diagram of another example of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an example of the structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an example of the structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "/" means or means, for example, A/B can mean A or B; "and/or" in this document is only an association that describes an associated object Relation, it means that there can be three kinds of relations, for example, A and/or B can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "plurality" refers to two or more than two.

Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

Additionally, various aspects or features of the present application may be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" as used in this application encompasses a computer program accessible from any computer readable device, carrier or medium. For example, computer readable media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (eg, hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes, etc.), optical disks (eg, compact discs (CDs), digital versatile discs (DVDs) etc.), smart cards and flash memory devices (eg, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), card, stick or key drives, etc.). Additionally, various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instructions and/or data.

Atrial fibrillation, abbreviated as atrial fibrillation, is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical medicine. When a patient develops atrial fibrillation, the atrium loses its normal and effective systolic function, and is in a state of rapid and disordered fibrillation. The beating frequency of the patient's atrium can reach 300-600 beats per minute, and the ventricular beating is fast and irregular, and the beating frequency of the patient's ventricle can reach 100. -200 times/min. Without proper treatment, atrial fibrillation can lead to serious complications and impose a heavy burden on families and society, and atrial fibrillation has become a growing public health problem. A study by A.S. Go et al. estimates that by 2050, there will be more than 5.5 million people with atrial fibrillation worldwide.

There are three types of atrial fibrillation: paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, persistent atrial fibrillation, and permanent atrial fibrillation. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is generally considered to be self-converting to sinus rhythm within 7 days, and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation generally lasts less than 48 hours. Persistent atrial fibrillation refers to the duration of atrial fibrillation for more than 7 days, requiring drugs or electric shocks to convert to sinus rhythm. Permanent atrial fibrillation is defined as failure to convert to sinus rhythm or reversion to atrial fibrillation within 24 hours of conversion to sinus rhythm. The most common symptoms of atrial fibrillation include palpitation, palpitations, chest tightness, shortness of breath, dizziness, and fatigue, but there are also a large number of patients with no obvious symptoms. Atrial fibrillation is associated with a 5-fold increased risk of stroke, a 2-fold increased mortality, and strokes associated with AF are more severe than strokes not associated with AF. Since the number of episodes in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation increases year by year, the duration of the episodes will also increase, and may lead to changes in the atrial structure and worsening of the disease. Therefore, early intervention to avoid atrial fibrillation is very important. However, because many patients with atrial fibrillation do not have obvious symptoms at the onset or before the onset of atrial fibrillation, patients and doctors cannot accurately grasp the progress of the disease and the timing of intervention.

Studies have shown that PPG-based wrist wearable devices can effectively perform atrial fibrillation detection and screening of patients with atrial fibrillation.

At present, in the related art, a wearable device carried by a user can be used, and a PPG data collector is provided on the wearable device. specific. The wearable device obtains the user's exercise state, and analyzes whether the exercise state information is in a static state. If the exercise state information is in a static state, the PPG data collector collects heart rate information per unit time, and the heart rate information includes multiple heart rate signals. The heart rate signal of the wearable device is processed and analyzed to generate multiple heartbeat values, and it is further determined whether the difference between the multiple heartbeat values is greater than or equal to a preset heartbeat threshold. If the difference between the multiple heartbeat values is greater than or equal to the preset heartbeat threshold, it is determined that the user is in a state of atrial fibrillation. However, this scheme can only detect atrial fibrillation based on heart rate signals and exercise status, but cannot predict the onset of atrial fibrillation. Secondly, this solution can only judge atrial fibrillation based on the user's resting heart rhythm, which may lead to inaccurate detection of atrial fibrillation.

In addition, there is also a method for monitoring atrial fibrillation based on PPG signals. The specific process is as follows: the PPG data collector on the wearable device carried by the user collects the PPG signal, and evaluates the heart rate variability level according to the collected PPG signal. The heart rate variability level was used to determine the presence of atrial fibrillation in the PPG heartbeat signal segment and to record the atrial fibrillation event data. Based on the data of several atrial fibrillation events, the atrial fibrillation load in different periods of the day and night is statistically obtained, and in the real-time measurement using the PPG data collector, the user is prompted to perform electrocardiography (electrocardiography, ECG) detection in one or more periods of the greatest atrial fibrillation load. However, this technology can only perform the detection and statistical functions of atrial fibrillation based on the PPG signal, and cannot predict the onset of atrial fibrillation.

In view of this, the present application provides an electronic device and system for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different stages of atrial fibrillation. The PPG signal of the AF system uses different methods for atrial fibrillation early warning, which realizes the detection and early warning of atrial fibrillation in both atrial fibrillation and non-atrial fibrillation episodes, so that users can intervene in advance to avoid the onset of atrial fibrillation. , to improve the user experience. In addition, different early warning methods are carried out according to the characteristics of different stages, which can effectively reduce a large amount of atrial fibrillation early warning information in a short period of time, improve user experience, and ensure that users can obtain more important atrial fibrillation early warning information.

The electronic device and system for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages provided by the present application will be described below with reference to specific examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of an application scenario applicable to the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , the user uses the wearable device 112 and the electronic device 111 . In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the wearable device 112 used by the user is a smart watch, and the electronic device 111 is a smart phone. The wearable device 112 is provided with a PPG data collector, which can periodically collect the user's PPG data. Optionally, the electronic device 111 may also be provided with a PPG data collector, which may periodically collect the user's PPG data. The electronic device 111 has an atrial fibrillation detection function. Optionally, the wearable device 112 may also have an atrial fibrillation detection function. The wearable device 112 and the electronic device 111 may communicate through wireless communication technologies such as Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT) technology, wireless-fidelity (WiFi) technology, near field communication (near field communication, NFC) technology, etc. .

It should be understood that FIG. 1 is only an example, and should not impose any restrictions on the application scenarios of the embodiments of the present application. For example, the scenario shown in FIG. 1 may also include more electronic devices and wearable devices. This application is not limited here.

In the embodiments of the present application, the electronic devices may further include portable electronic devices such as smart TVs, tablet computers, netbooks, personal digital assistants (personal digital assistants, PDAs), computer handheld communication devices, and handheld computing devices. The wearable devices may also include: smart bracelets, wearable wrist devices, smart glasses, augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (VR) devices, and the like.

It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the wearable device may also be a general term for devices that can be developed by applying wearable technology to intelligently design daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also realizes powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. In a broad sense, wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-scale, complete or partial functions without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and only focus on a certain type of application function, which needs to be used in conjunction with other devices such as smart phones. , such as various types of smart bracelets and smart jewelry that monitor physical signs.

First, the meanings of related terms in the examples of this application are briefly introduced.

The PPG signal (or PPG data) periodically collected by the PPG data collector on the wearable device is discrete. Therefore, for the wearable device with atrial fibrillation detection function, the detected atrial fibrillation is also the same. dispersed. For example, if a patient with atrial fibrillation develops atrial fibrillation for one hour, the one-hour period is referred to as an atrial fibrillation episode in the embodiments of the present application, and during the episode of atrial fibrillation, the patient's heart rate signal is in an abnormal state. For the PPG signal periodically collected by the wearable device, it is assumed that the wearable device collects the PPG signal every ten minutes, and the wearable device detects 6 atrial fibrillation events. After one hour, a person with atrial fibrillation does not develop atrial fibrillation for a period of time called a non-AF episode. It is understandable that during the period of atrial fibrillation, patients with atrial fibrillation also have periodic multiple atrial fibrillation attacks, rather than persistent atrial fibrillation attacks. During non-AF episodes, the wearable device also periodically collected PPG signals, but the PPG signals showed that the patient did not have atrial fibrillation. During non-AF episodes, the patient's heart rate signal is normal. For example, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram on the time axis of an atrial fibrillation episode and a non-atrial fibrillation episode provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2 , after the non-AF episode, the patient enters the next AF episode, that is, the AF episode and the non-AF episode appear alternately in time.

During this period of atrial fibrillation attack, the patient should be warned whether atrial fibrillation will continue in a short period of time, and early warning of subsequent atrial fibrillation can help the patient to terminate atrial fibrillation in a timely manner. During the non-AF episode period, it should be determined whether the patient's current heart rhythm is a sign of atrial fibrillation. Accurately capturing the signs of atrial fibrillation can help users avoid and prevent entering the next atrial fibrillation episode.

In the embodiment of the present application, the atrial fibrillation early warning performed during the onset of atrial fibrillation is referred to as a short-range early warning (or may also be referred to as a short-range atrial fibrillation early warning). The time and probability of the next occurrence of atrial fibrillation during the episode of atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation that occurs during an episode of atrial fibrillation is called short-course atrial fibrillation. It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, short-range atrial fibrillation refers to atrial fibrillation other than the atrial fibrillation that occurs for the first time during the episode of atrial fibrillation, that is, short-range atrial fibrillation does not include the first atrial fibrillation during the episode of atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation occurs. It can be understood that the short-range early warning predicts the time and probability of the next occurrence of atrial fibrillation after the first atrial fibrillation has been removed during the onset of atrial fibrillation.

In the examples of this application, the atrial fibrillation warning performed during the non-AF attack period is referred to as a long-range warning (or may also be referred to as a long-range atrial fibrillation warning). The time and probability of the first occurrence of atrial fibrillation in the next atrial fibrillation attack period after the non-atrial fibrillation attack period are predicted. Long-term atrial fibrillation refers to the first atrial fibrillation in the next atrial fibrillation episode after a non-atrial fibrillation episode. It can be understood that the long-range early warning predicts the time and probability of the first atrial fibrillation occurring in the next atrial fibrillation attack period after the non-atrial fibrillation attack period.

The analysis results show that compared with the short-range early warning, the symptoms of atrial fibrillation are weak in the long-range early warning, and a more sensitive early warning model is needed to capture the abnormal heart rhythm in order to accurately carry out the long-range early warning. In the case of short-range early warning, since the user's heart rhythm has not returned to sinus rhythm, the detected abnormal heart rhythm is relatively large, so the short-range early warning requires lower sensitivity. In addition, since the wearable device with atrial fibrillation detection function may have missed detection, motion interference, poor contact, etc., in the actual use process, there is often a lack of PPG data and corresponding detection results for a certain period of time. , that is, the phenomenon of missing PPG data. Therefore, it is particularly important to judge whether the current early warning is a long-range early warning or a short-range early warning.

Moreover, due to the different degrees of heart health among different users, the feature distribution extracted by the feature extraction algorithm may be different, and the machine learning model trained based on one batch of users may produce serious deviations on another batch of users. For example, an abnormal heart rhythm of the same intensity may induce atrial fibrillation in some users, but not in others. Therefore, in the early warning of atrial fibrillation, differences between different users need to be considered.

At the same time, since short-range atrial fibrillation occurs frequently during the onset of atrial fibrillation, the system may cause frequent warnings in a short period of time, reducing user experience.

The following describes a system architecture diagram of an electronic device and a wearable device provided by an embodiment of the present application with reference to FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 shows a system architecture diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The system The architecture includes: a signal acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, a long-range risk calculation unit, a short-range risk calculation unit, a long-range personalized unit, a short-range personalized unit, an early warning state judgment unit, and an alarm unit.

The signal acquisition unit may include a PPG data collector, which is used to collect the original PPG signal. After the signal acquisition unit collects the original PPG signal, the PPG signal is transmitted to the preprocessing unit, and the preprocessing unit performs filtering and other operations and extracts the heart rate variability feature. value. The preprocessing unit inputs the heart rate variability characteristic values into the long-range risk calculation unit and the short-range risk calculation unit respectively, the long-range risk calculation unit calculates the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value, and the short-range risk calculation unit calculates the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value. After that, the long-range risk calculation unit inputs the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value into the long-range personalization unit, and the short-range risk calculation unit inputs the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value into the short-range personalization unit. The long-range personalized unit determines whether to carry out long-range early warning through calculation according to the risk value of long-range atrial fibrillation. The short-range personalization unit determines whether to perform short-range early warning through calculation according to the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value. The long-range personalization unit inputs the result of whether to carry out long-range early warning to the early-warning state judgment unit, and the short-range personalization unit inputs the result of whether to carry out short-range early warning to the early warning state judgment unit. The pre-warning state judgment unit determines which pre-warning state (long-range pre-alarm or short-range pre-alarm) is currently in through calculation, and selects the corresponding pre-warning result and transmits it to the alarm unit. If an atrial fibrillation warning needs to be given to the user, the warning unit selects the corresponding warning level to push the warning to the user according to the current warning state. Wherein, both the long-range personalization unit and the short-range personalization unit store a large amount of historical data of the user, for example, the long-range personalization unit stores the risk value of long-range atrial fibrillation for a period of time before the current detection time, and/or stores Risk value for N long-term atrial fibrillation prior to the current detection time.

Optionally, in the system architecture shown in FIG. 3 , one or more of a signal acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit or an alarm unit may not be included. Optionally, one or more of the collection unit, the preprocessing unit or the alarm unit may be located on the wearable device.

Optionally, in the system architecture shown in FIG. 3 , the long-range personalization unit and the short-range personalization unit may not be included.

It should be understood that, for the wearable device, the system architecture diagram thereof is similar to that shown in FIG. 3 , and details are not repeated here for brevity.

It can be understood that the structure shown in FIG. 3 does not constitute a specific limitation on the system architecture of the electronic device. In other embodiments of the present application, the system architecture of the electronic device may include more or less units or modules than shown, or combine some units, or split some units, or different component units. The illustrated units may be implemented in hardware, software or a combination of software and hardware. The embodiments of the present application are not limited herein.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of an example of a method 200 for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages provided by the present application in the scenario shown in FIG. 1 . The method may be executed by the electronic device and the wearable device provided by the embodiments of the present application. The following description will take the electronic device as an example of a smart phone used by a user.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the method 200 includes: S201 to S216.

S201, a signal acquisition unit (PPG data collector) on the wearable device periodically collects the original PPG signal of the user and the corresponding time.

In the embodiment of the present application, the PPG data collector periodically detects or collects the original PPG signal of the user, each collection corresponds to a collection time, and multiple collections correspond to multiple times. The wearable device can record the time corresponding to each acquisition. Exemplarily, the time when the original PPG signal is first collected is denoted as T.

S202, the signal acquisition unit sends the original PPG signal and the corresponding time to the preprocessing unit on the wearable device.

S203 , the preprocessing unit on the wearable device performs preprocessing such as filtering and other preprocessing on the collected original PPG signals, and extracts the heart rate variability characteristic value, and the heart rate variability characteristic value is represented by X _T.

S204, the wearable device sends the heart rate variability characteristic value X _T and the time T to the long-range risk calculation unit on the smartphone.

S205, the wearable device sends the heart rate variability characteristic value X _T and the time T to the short-range risk calculation unit on the smartphone.

S206, the long-range risk calculation unit on the smartphone calculates the user's long-range atrial fibrillation risk characteristic value (denoted by L) according to the current heart rate variability characteristic value X _T and the user's historical heart rate variability characteristic value (represented by X _T1 ). _T indicates). Among them, T1 represents the time when the PPG signal corresponding to the user's historical heart rate variability characteristic value is collected, and T1 is earlier than T in time. And, the machine learning model in the long-term risk calculation unit determines the user's current long-term atrial fibrillation risk value _{(represented by Y T} ₎ according to LT.

S207, the long-range risk calculation unit on the smart phone sends the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value Y _T and the time T to the long-range personalization unit.

S208 , the long-range personalization unit combines the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value (represented by Y ₁ ) within N ₁ hours before the user (indicated by Y 1 ) according to the current long-range atrial fibrillation risk value Y _T , or the user is in The multiple long-range atrial fibrillation risk values (represented by Y ₂ ) corresponding to the historical N ₂ times of long-range atrial fibrillation before this time (before T time) determine whether long-range early warning should be performed at present.

Specifically, in S208, if the current long-range atrial fibrillation risk value Y _T satisfies one or more of the following three conditions, it is determined that a long-range early warning should be currently performed.

Condition 1: Y _T ≥λ ₁ , where λ ₁ is a preset threshold.

Condition 2: Y ₁ ≥λ ₁ , and Y _T ≥Y ₁ +λ ₂ , where λ ₂ is a preset threshold.

Condition 3: Y _T ≥ P, where P is the maximum or average value of multiple long-term atrial fibrillation risk values Y ₂ .

S209 , the long-range personalization unit sends the information of whether a long-range early warning should be performed at present to the early warning state judgment unit.

S210, the short-range risk calculation unit on the smartphone calculates the user's short-range atrial fibrillation risk characteristic value (represented by _ST ) according to the current heart rate variability characteristic value X _T and the user's historical heart rate variability characteristic value X _T1 , And, the machine learning model in the short-range risk calculation unit determines the user's current short-range atrial fibrillation risk value (represented by RT ₎ according to _ST .

S211, the short-range risk calculation unit on the smart phone sends the short _- range atrial fibrillation risk value RT to the short-range personalization unit.

S212, the short-range personalization unit combines the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value (represented by R ₁ ) within N ₃ hours before the current short-range atrial fibrillation risk value RT of the user (before time _T ), or the user is in The multiple short-range atrial fibrillation risk values (represented by R ₂ ) corresponding to the historical N ₄ previous long-range atrial fibrillations before this (before T time) determine whether a short-range early warning should be performed at present.

Specifically, in S212, if the current short _- range atrial fibrillation risk value RT satisfies one or more of the following three conditions, it is determined that a short-range early warning should be currently performed.

Condition 1: _RT ≥ θ ₁ , where θ ₁ is a preset threshold.

Condition 2: R ₁ ≥ θ ₁ , and R _T ≥ R ₁ +θ ₂ , where θ ₂ is a preset threshold.

Condition 3: RT _≥Q , where Q is the maximum or average value of multiple short-range atrial fibrillation risk values R ₂ .

S213 , the short-range personalization unit sends the information of whether a short-range early warning should be performed at present to the early warning state judgment unit.

S214, the early warning state judging unit judges whether a long-range early warning result or a short-range early warning result should be used currently according to the current time stamp T and the time of the last occurrence of atrial fibrillation before the user (represented by T _A ). Among them, the long-range early warning results include: the current long-range early warning should be carried out or the long-range early warning should not be carried out. The short-range early warning results include: the short-range early warning should be carried out at present or the short-range early warning should not be carried out.

Specifically, in S214, if the time interval between the current time stamp T and the time T _A is greater than or equal to a preset threshold (represented by D, and the unit of D may be hours), it is determined that the long-range early warning result is currently used, otherwise Use short-range early warning results.

Optionally, in S214, as another possible implementation manner, a fuzzy judgment method can also be adopted, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 , that is, the time interval between the current timestamp T and the time T _A is greater than or is equal to the preset threshold (represented by B, the unit of B can be hours) B, and the time interval is less than or equal to the preset threshold (represented by E, the unit of E can be hours). Then, the average value of the current long-range atrial fibrillation risk value _Y _T and the current short-range atrial fibrillation risk value RT is calculated. Assuming that the average value is ψ, if ψ is greater than the preset threshold, it is determined that the user's current heart rhythm is abnormally large, and the short-range early warning result is used; otherwise, the long-range early warning result is used.

S215, the early warning state judging unit sends the determined early warning result to the warning unit.

S216, the alarming unit generates an alarm according to the warning result.

For example, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an example of an alarming process by an alarming unit provided by the implementation of the present application. If long-range atrial fibrillation warning is required, the alarm unit synchronizes the alarm information to the smartphone and wearable device, and reminds the user to intervene in time through vibration, sound, and light flashing. If short-range early warning is required, the alarm unit synchronizes the alarm information to the APP of the smartphone. When the user opens the APP of the smartphone, the short-range warning information can be seen. Long-range atrial fibrillation and short-range atrial fibrillation use different levels of early warning, which can effectively reduce a large amount of short-range atrial fibrillation early warning information in a short period of time, improve user experience, and ensure that users can not miss more important long-range atrial fibrillation early warning information.

Optionally, the early warning state determination unit may also send the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value _Y _T and the current short-range atrial fibrillation risk value RT to the alarm unit. When the warning result is that no warning is required, the warning unit can synchronize the current type of atrial fibrillation (long-range atrial fibrillation or short-range atrial fibrillation) to the APP of the smartphone, and the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value Y _T or the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value The value _RT is synchronized to the APP of the smartphone, and the user can see the warning information when opening the APP of the smartphone.

The method for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different stages of atrial fibrillation provided in this application, for patients with atrial fibrillation, by distinguishing between long-range early warning and short-range early warning, between long-range early warning and short-range early warning, using the detected PPG signal, different models and personalities are used respectively. The modularization module calculates the risk value of long-range atrial fibrillation and the risk value of short-range atrial fibrillation, which can effectively improve the accuracy of long-range atrial fibrillation and short-range atrial fibrillation while ensuring that the false alarm rate is lower than a certain level. At the same time, the personalized module can also adapt to the differences in the patterns of different users before the onset of the disease, improve the accuracy of early warning for a single user, and can divide the early warning status without consuming a lot of computing resources and storage resources. In addition, long-range atrial fibrillation and short-range atrial fibrillation use different levels of early warning methods, which can effectively reduce a large number of short-range atrial fibrillation early warning information in a short period of time and improve user experience.

Optionally, as another possible implementation manner, in S214, if the time interval between the current timestamp T and the time T _A is greater than or equal to a preset threshold (for example, threshold D), and at this time During the interval, the PPG data collector does not collect PPG signals or the number of collected PPG signals is small. In this case, the smartphone can prompt the user to collect PPG data one or more times. For example, the smart phone can send the instruction information of actively collecting the PPG signal to the wearable device, and the wearable device can actively collect the PPG signal according to the instruction information. Alternatively, if a PPG data collector is set on the smartphone, the PPG data collector on the smartphone actively collects PPG signals according to the instruction information. In S214, the early warning state judgment unit may determine whether the long-range early warning result or the short-range early warning result should be used at present according to the collected PPG signal. For example, if the result of the active measurement shows that the user has no atrial fibrillation attack and the risk of short-range atrial fibrillation is very small, it is considered that the user has ended the atrial fibrillation attack at present, and the long-range warning result is determined to be used. If the result of active measurement shows that the user is still in the state of atrial fibrillation or the risk of short-range atrial fibrillation is high, it is considered that the user has not fully recovered sinus rhythm, and the long-range warning result is determined. In addition, after a period of time after the active measurement, the smartphone or wearable device can remind the user to take the initiative to measure again, and the early warning state judgment unit records the time required for the user to restore sinus rhythm, and then counts the time to restore sinus rhythm multiple times and takes them. The mean or other statistics can be used to dynamically adjust the value of D. In this way, the current warning state can be judged more accurately, and at the same time, after multiple measurements, the time interval D that reminds each user to take the initiative to measure can be adjusted individually to further improve the user experience.

Optionally, in the example of this application, as another possible implementation, since the long-range personalization unit and the short-range personalization unit need to store a large amount of historical information, when the storage space and memory space of the smart phone are limited, The long-range personalization unit and the short-range personalization unit can be removed. That is, as shown in Figure 7. Figure 7 shows a system architecture diagram of another example of electronic equipment provided by this application. The system architecture includes: a signal acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, a long-range risk calculation unit, a short-range risk calculation unit, an early warning state judgment unit, and an alarm unit.

In the architecture shown in FIG. 7 , the process of the method for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages provided by the present application is similar to that of method 200 , but does not include S207 , S208 , S209 , and S211 , S212 , and S213 .

That is, in S206, the long-range risk calculation unit determines whether a long-range early warning should be performed at present according to the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value Y _T . For example, if the value of the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value Y _T is greater than or equal to λ ₁ , it is determined that a long-range early warning should be performed at present, otherwise, it is determined that a long-range early warning is not currently required. And send the information of whether long-range early warning should be carried out at present to the early warning state judgment unit.

In S210, the short-range risk calculation unit determines whether a short-range early warning should be performed at present according to the current short-range atrial fibrillation risk value RT _. For example, if the value of the short _- range atrial fibrillation risk value RT is greater than or equal to θ ₁ , it is determined that a short-range early warning should be performed currently; otherwise, it is determined that a short-range early warning is not currently required. And send the information of whether the short-range early warning should be carried out at present to the early warning state judgment unit.

In this way, there is no need to store a large amount of historical information on the smart hand, and the early warning rules can be adjusted individually to save the storage space of the smart phone.

It should be understood that each step in the above-mentioned method 200 may be performed by a smart phone alone, or by a wearable device alone. The embodiments of the present application are not limited herein.

It should be understood that the above is only to help those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of the present application, but is not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can obviously make various equivalent modifications or changes based on the above examples. For example, some steps in the above method 200 may be unnecessary, or some new steps may be added. Or a combination of any two or any of the above embodiments. Such modifications, changes or combined solutions also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

It should also be understood that the manners, situations, categories, and divisions of the embodiments in the embodiments of the present application are only for the convenience of description, and should not constitute a special limitation, and the various manners, categories, situations, and features in the embodiments are not contradictory. can be combined.

It should also be understood that the various numbers and numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not mean the sequence of execution, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

It should also be understood that the above description of the embodiments of the present application focuses on emphasizing the differences between the various embodiments, and the unmentioned same or similar points can be referred to each other, and are not repeated here for brevity.

It should also be understood that, in this embodiment of the present application, "predefinition" may be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, forms, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device, and the present application does not limit its specific implementation manner.

Embodiments of the method for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages provided by the embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 , and the related devices and systems provided by the embodiments of the present application are described below.

In this embodiment, the electronic device and the wearable device can be divided into functional modules according to the above method. For example, each function may be divided into various function modules, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware. It should be noted that the division of modules in this embodiment is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.

It should be noted that, the relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiments can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and details are not repeated here.

The electronic device and the wearable device provided by the embodiments of the present application are used to execute the above method 200 for atrial fibrillation early warning based on different atrial fibrillation stages, and thus can achieve the same effect as the above implementation method. In the case of an integrated unit, the electronic device and the wearable device may include a processing module, a storage module and a communication module. The processing module can be used to control and manage the actions of the electronic device and the wearable device. For example, it can be used to support electronic devices and wearable devices to perform the steps performed by the processing unit. The memory module can be used to support the storage of program codes and data, etc. The communication module can be used to support the communication between electronic devices and wearable devices and other devices.

The processing module may be a processor or a controller. It may implement or execute the various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with this disclosure. The processor may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of digital signal processing (DSP) and a microprocessor, and the like. The storage module may be a memory. The communication module may specifically be a device that interacts with other electronic devices, such as a radio frequency circuit, a Bluetooth chip, and a Wi-Fi chip.

Exemplarily, FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an example of a communication apparatus 300 provided by the present application, and the communication apparatus 300 may be the above-mentioned electronic device or wearable device. As shown in FIG. 8 , the communication device 300 may include a processor 310 , an external memory interface 320 , an internal memory 321 , a universal serial bus (USB) interface 330 , a charge management module 340 , a power management module 341 , and a battery 342 , Antenna 1, Antenna 2, wireless communication module 350, PPG data collector 360, etc.

It can be understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the communication apparatus 300 . In other embodiments of the present application, the communication apparatus 300 may include more or less components than shown, or combine some components, or separate some components, or arrange different components. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

Processor 310 may include one or more processing units. For example, the processor 310 may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (graphics processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP), a controller, a video Codec, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural-network processing unit (neural-network processing unit, NPU), etc. Wherein, different processing units may be independent components, or may be integrated in one or more processors. In some embodiments, the communication device 300 may also include one or more processors 310 . The controller can generate an operation control signal according to the instruction operation code and the timing signal, and complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.

In some embodiments, processor 310 may include one or more interfaces. The interface may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver (universal asynchronous receiver) /transmitter, UART) interface, mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, SIM card interface, and/or USB interface, etc. Among them, the USB interface 330 is an interface that conforms to the USB standard specification, and may specifically be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, and the like. The USB interface 2530 can be used to connect a charger to charge the communication device 300, and can also be used to transmit data between the communication device 300 and peripheral devices.

It can be understood that the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiments of the present application is only a schematic illustration, and does not constitute a structural limitation of the communication apparatus 300 . In other embodiments of the present application, the communication apparatus 300 may also adopt different interface connection manners in the foregoing embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection manners.

The wireless communication function of the communication device 300 may be implemented by the antenna 1 , the antenna 2 , the wireless communication module 350 and the like.

The wireless communication module 350 can provide Wi-Fi (including Wi-Fi perception and Wi-Fi AP), Bluetooth (Bluetooth, BT), and wireless data transmission modules (eg, 433MHz, 868MHz, 315MHz) applied on the communication device 300 . and other wireless communication solutions. The wireless communication module 350 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 350 receives the electromagnetic wave via the antenna 1 or the antenna 2 (or, the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 ), filters and frequency modulates the electromagnetic wave signal, and sends the processed signal to the processor 310 . The wireless communication module 350 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 310 , perform frequency modulation on it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna 1 or the antenna 2 .

The external memory interface 320 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the communication device 300. The external memory card communicates with the processor 310 through the external memory interface 320 to realize the data storage function. For example to save files like music, video etc in external memory card.

Internal memory 321 may be used to store one or more computer programs including instructions. The processor 310 may execute the above-mentioned instructions stored in the internal memory 321, thereby causing the communication device 300 to execute the method for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages provided in some embodiments of the present application, as well as various applications and data processing, etc. . The internal memory 321 may include a code storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the code storage area can store the operating system. The data storage area may store data and the like created during use of the communication device 300 . In addition, the internal memory 321 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage components, flash memory components, universal flash storage (UFS), and the like. In some embodiments, the processor 310 may execute the instructions stored in the internal memory 321 and/or the instructions stored in the memory provided in the processor 310 to cause the communication device 300 to execute the instructions provided in the embodiments of the present application Methods for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages, as well as other applications and data processing.

The PPG data collector 360 is used to periodically collect the PPG data of the patient or user.

The communication device 300 includes, for example, smart TVs, large-screen devices, smart air conditioners, mobile phones, tablet computers, notebooks, large-screen TVs, smart home appliances, PDAs, POS, in-vehicle computers, cameras, cordless phones, PDAs, notebook computers, and printers , smart watches, smart bracelets, wearable wrist devices, smart glasses, augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) devices and other devices, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

It should be understood that for the specific process of performing the above-mentioned corresponding steps by the communication apparatus 300, please refer to the related description of the steps for performing the electronic device or the wearable device described in the foregoing embodiment in conjunction with FIG.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of another example of a communication apparatus 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the communication apparatus 400 may correspond to the electronic device or wearable device described in each embodiment of the foregoing method 200 . It can also be a chip or component applied to an electronic device or a wearable device, and each module or unit of the communication apparatus 400 is respectively used to execute the electronic device or the wearable device described in the above method 200. For each action or processing procedure, as shown in FIG. 9 , the communication apparatus 400 may include: a processing unit 410 and a communication unit 420 . Optionally, the communication apparatus 400 may further include a storage unit 430 .

It should be understood that for the specific process of each unit in the communication apparatus 400 performing the above corresponding steps, please refer to the foregoing description in conjunction with the electronic device or the wearable device execution steps described in FIG.

Optionally, the communication unit 420 may include a receiving unit (module) and a sending unit (module), configured to perform the steps of receiving information and sending information by the electronic device in the foregoing method embodiments. The storage unit 430 is used to store the instructions executed by the processing unit 410 and the communication unit 420 . The processing unit 410, the communication unit 420 and the storage unit 430 are connected in communication, the storage unit 430 stores instructions, the processing unit 410 is used to execute the instructions stored in the storage unit, and the communication unit 420 is used to perform specific signal sending and receiving under the driving of the processing unit 410.

It should be understood that the communication unit 420 may be a transceiver, an input/output interface or an interface circuit, etc., for example, may be implemented by the wireless communication module 350 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 . The storage unit may be a memory, for example, may be implemented by the external memory interface 320 and the internal memory 321 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 . The processing unit 410 may be implemented by the processor 310 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , or may be implemented by the processor 310 , the external memory interface 320 , and the internal memory 321 .

It should also be understood that the communication apparatus 400 shown in FIG. 9 may be an electronic device or a wearable device, or the electronic device or the wearable device may include the communication apparatus 400 shown in FIG. 9 .

It should also be understood that the division of units in the above apparatus is only a division of logical functions, and may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity in actual implementation, or may be physically separated. And all the units in the device can be realized in the form of software calling through the processing element; also can all be realized in the form of hardware; some units can also be realized in the form of software calling through the processing element, and some units can be realized in the form of hardware. For example, each unit can be a separately established processing element, or can be integrated in a certain chip of the device to be implemented, and can also be stored in the memory in the form of a program, which can be called by a certain processing element of the device and execute the unit's processing. Function. Here, the processing element may also be called a processor, which may be an integrated circuit with signal processing capability. In the implementation process, each step of the above method or each of the above units may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor element or implemented in the form of software being invoked by the processing element. In one example, a unit in any of the above apparatuses may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, eg, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or, one or more A plurality of digital signal processors (DSPs), or, one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms. For another example, when a unit in the apparatus can be implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler, the processing element can be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU) or other processors that can invoke programs. For another example, these units can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).

The embodiments of the present application further provide a system for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages, and the system includes any electronic device and any wearable device provided in the embodiments of the present application.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer program codes, and the computer program includes any method for performing atrial fibrillation warning based on different atrial fibrillation stages provided by the above embodiments of the present application. instruction. The readable medium may be a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) or a random access memory (random access memory, RAM), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

The present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes instructions, when the instructions are executed, to cause the electronic device to perform corresponding operations corresponding to the above method.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip located in a communication device, the chip includes: a processing unit and a communication unit, the processing unit may be, for example, a processor, and the communication unit may be, for example, an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, etc. The processing unit can execute computer instructions, so that the communication device executes any of the methods for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages provided by the above embodiments of the present application.

Optionally, the computer instructions are stored in a storage unit.

Optionally, the storage unit is a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc., and the storage unit can also be a storage unit in the terminal located outside the chip, such as ROM or other storage units that can store static information and instructions. Types of static storage devices, random RAM, etc. Wherein, the processor mentioned in any one of the above may be a CPU, a microprocessor, an ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the program execution of the above-mentioned transmission method of feedback information. The processing unit and the storage unit can be decoupled, respectively disposed on different physical devices, and connected in a wired or wireless manner to implement the respective functions of the processing unit and the storage unit, so as to support the system chip to implement the above embodiments various functions in . Alternatively, the processing unit and the memory may also be coupled on the same device.

Wherein, the communication device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product or chip provided in this embodiment are all used to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, for the beneficial effects that can be achieved, reference may be made to the above-provided method. The beneficial effects in the corresponding method will not be repeated here.

It can be understood that the memory in this embodiment of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Wherein, the non-volatile memory may be ROM, programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM) , EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can be RAM, which acts as an external cache. There are many different types of RAM such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate Synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (synch link DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory Access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM).

Various messages/information/equipment/network element/system/device/action/operation/process/concept that may appear in this application are given names. It can be understood that these specific names do not Constitutes a limitation on related objects, and the assigned names can be changed according to factors such as the scene, context or usage habits. The understanding of the technical meaning of the technical terms in this application should mainly be based on the functions embodied/executed in the technical solution. and technical effects.

In the various embodiments of the present application, if there is no special description or logical conflict, the terms and/or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referred to each other, and the technical features in different embodiments are based on their inherent Logical relationships can be combined to form new embodiments.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

The methods in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are executed in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions may be stored in or transmitted over a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server that integrates one or more available media.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the above-described systems, devices and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. On the other hand, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, and the computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium , including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned readable storage medium includes: U disk, removable hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. should be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

An electronic device for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different atrial fibrillation stages, wherein the electronic device comprises:

processor;

memory;

and a computer program, which is stored on the memory and, when executed by the processor, causes the electronic device to perform the following steps:

obtaining a heart rate variability characteristic value of the user, the heart rate variability characteristic value being determined according to the user's PPG data;

According to the heart rate variability characteristic value, the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value and the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value corresponding to the user are respectively determined, and the long-range atrial fibrillation is the next atrial fibrillation attack after the user's non-atrial fibrillation attack period the first atrial fibrillation in the period, the short-course atrial fibrillation includes atrial fibrillation other than the first atrial fibrillation during the user's atrial fibrillation episode;

According to the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value, it is determined whether a long-range early warning is required, and the long-range early warning is the atrial fibrillation early warning performed during the non-AF attack period;

According to the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value, it is determined whether a short-range early warning is required, and the short-range early warning is the atrial fibrillation early warning performed within the atrial fibrillation attack period;

According to the collection time corresponding to the PPG data, determine the early warning result to be used, and the early warning result includes: the result of the long-range early warning and the result of the short-range early warning;

According to the warning result, the user is warned.
The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether a long-range early warning is required according to the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value comprises:

According to the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value, the first long-range atrial fibrillation risk value corresponding to the user's previous first time length, and the second long-range atrial fibrillation risk value corresponding to the user's previous long-range atrial fibrillation, determine whether it is necessary to Long-range warning.
The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein, when the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value satisfies at least one of the following conditions, it is determined that a long-range early warning is required:

If the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined that long-range early warning is required;

The first long-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first long-range atrial fibrillation risk value;

The long-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the average or maximum value of a plurality of the second long-range atrial fibrillation risk values.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the determining whether a short-range early warning is required according to the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value comprises:

According to the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value, the first short-range atrial fibrillation risk value corresponding to the user's previous second time length, and the second short-range atrial fibrillation risk value corresponding to the user's previous multiple short-range atrial fibrillation risk values, determine whether it is necessary to Long-range warning.
The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein, when the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value satisfies at least one of the following conditions, it is determined that a short-range early warning is required:

If the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that a short-range early warning is required;

The first short-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, and the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the sum of the third threshold and the first short-range atrial fibrillation risk value;

The short-range atrial fibrillation risk value is greater than or equal to the average or maximum value of a plurality of the second short-range atrial fibrillation risk values.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, according to the collection time corresponding to the PPG data, determining an early warning result to be adopted includes:

When the time interval between the collection time corresponding to the PPG data and the time when the last atrial fibrillation occurred before the user is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, it is determined to use the result of the long-range early warning. The results include: performing the long-range early warning or not performing the long-range early warning;

When the time interval between the collection time corresponding to the PPG data and the time when the last atrial fibrillation occurred before the user is smaller than the preset fifth threshold, it is determined to use the result of the short-range early warning, and the result of the short-range early warning includes: : Perform the short-range early warning or not perform the short-range early warning.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, according to the collection time corresponding to the PPG data, determining an early warning result to be adopted includes:

When the time interval between the collection time corresponding to the PPG data and the time when the last atrial fibrillation occurred before the user is greater than or equal to the preset sixth threshold and less than or equal to the preset seventh threshold, determining an average value of the long-range atrial fibrillation risk value and the short-range atrial fibrillation risk value;

When the average value is greater than or equal to the preset eighth threshold, it is determined to use the result of the short-range early warning, and the result of the short-range early warning includes: performing the short-range early warning or not performing the short-range early warning;

When the average value is less than the preset eighth threshold, it is determined to use the result of the long-range early warning, and the result of the long-range early warning includes: performing the long-range early warning or not performing the long-range early warning.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, according to the collection time corresponding to the PPG data, determining an early warning result to be adopted includes:

When the time interval between the collection time corresponding to the PPG data and the time when the last atrial fibrillation occurred before the user is greater than or equal to the preset fifth threshold, and no PPG data is acquired within the time interval In this case, obtain the first PPG data;

According to the first PPG data, the adopted warning result is determined.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electronic device communicates wirelessly with the wearable device of the user, and the alarming to the user according to the warning result includes:

When the long-range early warning is performed, the information of the long-range early warning is synchronized to the APP of the electronic device and the wearable device, and the user is prompted to intervene.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, according to the warning result, the user is warned, comprising:

When the short-range early warning is performed, the information of the short-range early warning is synchronized to the APP of the electronic device.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the electronic device further comprises a PPG data collector; the electronic device further performs the following steps:

Utilize the PPG data collector to obtain the PPG data of the user and the collection time corresponding to the PPG data;

According to the PPG data, the heart rate variability characteristic value of the user is determined.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the electronic device communicates wirelessly with the wearable device of the user, and the electronic device further performs the following steps:

receiving the corresponding collection time of the PPG data sent by the wearable device;

According to the PPG data, the heart rate variability characteristic value of the user is determined.
The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the electronic device communicates wirelessly with the wearable device of the user, and the electronic device further performs the following steps:

receiving the heart rate variability characteristic value of the user sent by the wearable device.
A wearable device, characterized in that the wearable device communicates wirelessly with an electronic device, and the wearable device includes:

processor;

memory;

PPG data collector;

and a computer program, which is stored on the memory and, when executed by the processor, causes the wearable device to perform the following steps:

Utilize the PPG data collector to obtain the PPG data of the user and the collection time corresponding to the PPG data;

filtering the PPG data to determine the heart rate variability characteristic value of the user;

Send the heart rate variability characteristic value and the collection time corresponding to the PPG data to the electronic device.
The wearable device according to claim 14, wherein the wearable device further performs the following steps:

receiving long-range warning information sent by the electronic device, where the long-range warning is the user's ongoing atrial fibrillation warning during a non-AF attack period;

The user is prompted to view the long-range warning information.
A system for early warning of atrial fibrillation based on different stages of atrial fibrillation, wherein the system comprises: the electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and the wearable device according to claim 14 or 15 .