WO2022102276A1 - 音響レンズ、その製造方法、超音波プローブ及び超音波診断装置 - Google Patents
音響レンズ、その製造方法、超音波プローブ及び超音波診断装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022102276A1 WO2022102276A1 PCT/JP2021/036459 JP2021036459W WO2022102276A1 WO 2022102276 A1 WO2022102276 A1 WO 2022102276A1 JP 2021036459 W JP2021036459 W JP 2021036459W WO 2022102276 A1 WO2022102276 A1 WO 2022102276A1
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- lens portion
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- ultrasonic
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
- G10K11/26—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
- G10K11/30—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning using refraction, e.g. acoustic lenses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an acoustic lens, a method for manufacturing the same, an ultrasonic probe, and an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to an acoustic lens or the like having a small sound attenuation and an acoustic impedance suitable for an ultrasonic probe.
- an acoustic lens has been conventionally used for the purpose of improving the resolution of the obtained image.
- An acoustic lens is a medium for focusing or diverging sound waves.
- the sound wave can be focused or diverged by appropriately adjusting the difference between the propagation speed of the sound wave in the acoustic lens (hereinafter, also referred to as the speed of sound) and the speed of sound in the surrounding substance, and the shape of the lens.
- the speed of sound the propagation speed of the sound wave in the acoustic lens
- the ultrasonic probe an acoustic lens that focuses ultrasonic waves in the slice direction is used.
- An acoustic lens for an ultrasonic probe is close to the acoustic impedance of a subject in order to reduce the reflection of ultrasonic waves with the subject after satisfying the conditions for focusing ultrasonic waves (sound velocity, lens shape). Is required. Further, in order to increase the sensitivity, it is required that the sound attenuation (acoustic propagation attenuation) is small.
- Fine particle-filled silicone rubber is excellent as a material for convex acoustic lenses in that silicone rubber has a suitable sound velocity and that the acoustic impedance is adjusted by filling fine particles such as silica. There was a drawback that the sound attenuation was large due to the influence.
- Patent Document 2 a composite acoustic lens (Patent Document 2) whose overall thickness is reduced by combining a convex lens portion using silicone rubber with a concave lens portion having a high sound velocity, and fine particle-filled silicone.
- Patent Document 3 A composite acoustic lens that does not use rubber (Patent Document 3) is disclosed.
- the composite acoustic lens using the above technique uses a thermosetting resin as the material of at least one lens portion, the bondability between the lens portions is poor and it can be actually manufactured. It was very difficult. Therefore, there has been a demand for the development of an acoustic lens using a material having good bondability.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems and situations, and the problems to be solved are an acoustic lens having a small sound attenuation and an acoustic impedance suitable for an ultrasonic probe, a manufacturing method thereof, and the acoustic. It is to provide an ultrasonic probe and an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus provided with a lens.
- the present inventor has applied a thermoplastic resin to the material of any lens part in an acoustic lens formed by joining a concave lens portion and a convex lens portion.
- a thermoplastic resin to the material of any lens part in an acoustic lens formed by joining a concave lens portion and a convex lens portion.
- An acoustic lens for an ultrasonic probe It is composed of a concave lens portion and a convex lens portion joined together.
- the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the convex lens portion is slower than the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the concave lens portion.
- the acoustic impedance of the lens portion for the subject side of the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion is in the range of 1.3 to 1.8 MRail, and
- An acoustic lens characterized in that the materials of the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion are both thermoplastic resins.
- thermoplastic resin that is the material of the concave lens portion is a thermoplastic hard resin and The acoustic lens according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the convex lens portion is a thermoplastic elastomer.
- thermoplastic resin used as the material of the convex lens portion has a rebound resilience of 60% or more.
- the difference in solubility parameter between at least one component among the components contained in the material of the concave lens portion and at least one component among the components contained in the material of the convex lens portion is 1 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or less.
- the concave lens portion is configured to be on the subject side, and the convex lens portion is configured to be on the ultrasonic transducer side.
- the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the concave lens portion is a polyolefin-based thermoplastic hard resin, and The acoustic lens according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the thermoplastic resin which is the material of the convex lens portion is a thermoplastic elastomer containing a polyolefin-based resin component.
- the concave lens portion is configured to be on the ultrasonic vibrator side, and the convex lens portion is configured to be on the subject side.
- the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the concave lens portion is one of a polycarbonate-based, ABS-based, polybutylene terephthalate-based, and polyamide-based thermoplastic hard resin, and Items 1 to 7 are characterized in that the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the convex lens portion is a thermoplastic elastomer containing at least one of a polyester-based, polyamide-based, and polyurethane-based resin component.
- the acoustic lens according to any one of the above.
- a method for manufacturing an acoustic lens which comprises melt-joining the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion.
- An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus comprising the ultrasonic probe according to item 13.
- an acoustic lens having a small sound attenuation and an acoustic impedance suitable for an ultrasonic probe, a method for manufacturing the same, and an ultrasonic probe and an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus provided with the acoustic lens are provided. Can be done.
- the lens can be established without the need for fine particles by satisfying the shape requirement with the combination of the concave lens portion with a high sound velocity and the convex lens portion with a slow sound velocity, and by satisfying the acoustic impedance requirement with the lens on the subject side. It is effective for sound attenuation.
- the present invention is characterized in that the material of each lens portion is a thermoplastic resin. As a result, the lens portions can be easily joined to each other, and an acoustic lens satisfying each condition such as the speed of sound can be actually provided in consideration of the joining property.
- these expression mechanisms or action mechanisms can provide an acoustic lens or the like having a small sound attenuation and an acoustic impedance suitable for an ultrasonic probe.
- the acoustic lens of the present invention is an acoustic lens for an ultrasonic probe, and is configured by joining a concave lens portion and a convex lens portion, and the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the convex lens portion is the same as that of ultrasonic waves in the concave lens portion.
- the acoustic impedance of the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion for the subject side is in the range of 1.3 to 1.8 MRayl, which is slower than the propagation speed, and the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion.
- the material is characterized by being a thermoplastic resin. This feature is a technical feature common to or corresponding to the following embodiments.
- the acoustic lens of the present invention when the lens surface facing the subject when disposed on the ultrasonic probe is planar or convex, the adhesion to the subject is improved and air entrainment is prevented. However, it is preferable in that a good tomographic image can be obtained.
- the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the convex lens portion is slower than the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the concave lens portion by 300 m / s or more, and the curvature is relaxed to reduce the thickness of the lens. This is preferable in that the sound attenuation can be reduced and the moldability for suppressing the uneven thickness ratio can be suppressed.
- the thermoplastic resin which is the material of the concave lens portion is a thermoplastic hard resin
- the thermoplastic resin, which is the material of the convex lens portion is a thermoplastic elastomer from the viewpoint of the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves.
- the elastic modulus of the thermoplastic resin which is the material of the convex lens portion, is 60% or more, because the sound attenuation due to the material characteristics of the convex lens portion can be reduced.
- the difference in solubility parameter between at least one component among the components contained in the material of the concave lens portion and at least one component among the components contained in the material of the convex lens portion is 1 (cal / cm). 3 ) It is preferable that it is 1/2 or less in terms of bondability.
- the acoustic lens of the present invention is preferably configured such that the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion are melt-joined in that the sound is not attenuated by the adhesive layer.
- the acoustic lens of the present invention is configured such that the concave lens portion is on the subject side and the convex lens portion is on the ultrasonic transducer side, and the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the concave lens portion is a polyolefin-based thermoplastic.
- the thermoplastic resin which is a hard resin and is the material of the convex lens portion, is a thermoplastic elastomer containing a polyolefin-based resin component, is bonded while satisfying the conditions of acoustic impedance and ultrasonic propagation velocity. It is preferable in that it has good properties.
- the acoustic lens of the present invention is configured such that the concave lens portion is on the ultrasonic transducer side and the convex lens portion is on the subject side, and the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the concave lens portion is polycarbonate-based or ABS-based. , Polybutylene terephthalate-based and polyamide-based thermoplastic hard resin, and the thermoplastic resin which is the material of the convex lens portion is at least one of polyester-based, polyamide-based and polyurethane-based.
- a thermoplastic elastomer containing a resin component is preferable in that it has good bondability while satisfying the conditions of acoustic impedance and ultrasonic propagation velocity.
- the method for manufacturing an acoustic lens of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an acoustic lens for manufacturing the acoustic lens according to the present invention, and is characterized in that the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion are melt-bonded.
- the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion by insert molding in that the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion can be melt-bonded without using a special molding machine.
- the method for manufacturing an acoustic lens of the present invention is that the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion are melt-bonded by two-color molding, and the process from molding to joining of the first lens portion can be performed in one process. preferable.
- the ultrasonic probe of the present invention is an ultrasonic transducer that sends ultrasonic waves toward a subject and receives the reflected echo thereof, and an acoustic lens disposed on the transmission / reception surface side of the ultrasonic transducer. It is an ultrasonic probe provided with the above, and the acoustic lens is the acoustic lens of the present invention.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of the present invention is characterized by comprising the ultrasonic probe of the present invention.
- the acoustic lens of the present invention is an acoustic lens for an ultrasonic probe, and is configured by joining a concave lens portion and a convex lens portion, and propagating ultrasonic waves in the convex lens portion.
- the speed is slower than the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the concave lens portion, and the acoustic impedance of the lens portion for the subject side of the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion is in the range of 1.3 to 1.8 MRail.
- the material of the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion is both made of a thermoplastic resin.
- the acoustic lens of the present invention is characterized in that a concave lens portion and a convex lens portion are joined to each other.
- the shape of the cross section of the concave lens portion is a shape in which the thickness of the central portion is thinner than the thickness of the peripheral portion (so-called concave shape). Further, the cross-sectional shape of the convex lens portion is a shape in which the thickness of the central portion is thicker than the thickness of the peripheral portion (so-called convex shape).
- the acoustic lens of the present invention is configured such that the concave lens portion 31 is on the subject side (right side in the figure) and the convex lens portion 32 is on the ultrasonic transducer side (left side in the figure) in the ultrasonic probe as shown in FIG.
- the acoustic lens 26 is configured so that the concave lens portion 31 is on the ultrasonic transducer side (left side in the figure) and the convex lens portion 32 is on the subject side (right side in the figure). Including both.
- the arrow indicates how the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer side is refracted by the acoustic lens and focused on the subject side.
- each lens portion are not particularly limited and can be designed according to the application, but from the viewpoint of sound attenuation, it is preferable that the thickness of each lens portion is thin.
- the lens surface facing the subject when disposed on the ultrasonic probe is planar or convex.
- the adhesion to the subject is improved, air entrainment is prevented, and a good tomographic image can be obtained.
- Thermoplastic Resin The acoustic lens of the present invention is characterized in that the materials of the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion are both thermoplastic resins. As a result, the lens portions can be easily bonded to each other by melt bonding or bonding with an adhesive.
- Thermoplastic resin refers to a resin having thermoplasticity. Further, in the present invention, among the resins, those which do not exhibit rubber elasticity are referred to as hard resins, and those which exhibit rubber elasticity are referred to as elastomers. That is, the thermoplastic resin includes a thermoplastic hard resin and a thermoplastic elastomer.
- each lens portion may be mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin, and may contain a small amount of other additives as long as the thermoplastic resin is not impaired.
- Elastomer is composed of a soft segment, which is a rubber component for imparting elasticity, and a hard segment, which is a component that flows at high temperatures but has a binding role to prevent deformation at room temperature.
- the soft segment and the hard segment may be in the state of a block copolymer that is chemically bonded, or may be in the state of a polymer alloy that is simply mixed without being chemically bonded.
- a block copolymer type elastomer may be used as the soft segment.
- thermoplastic hard resin includes, for example, polyolefin-based, polycarbonate-based, ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin) -based, polybutylene terephthalate-based, and polyamide-based thermoplastic hard resins.
- thermoplastic hard resin examples include low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, crystalline propylene homopolymer, crystalline ethylene / propylene copolymer, and olefin resins such as polymethylpentene.
- Examples include coalescence and carbonate resins.
- thermoplastic elastomer includes, for example, a thermoplastic elastomer containing a resin component such as a polyolefin-based, polyester-based, polyamide-based, or polyurethane-based resin component as a soft segment or a hard segment.
- a resin component such as a polyolefin-based, polyester-based, polyamide-based, or polyurethane-based resin component as a soft segment or a hard segment.
- thermoplastic elastomer examples include ester-based elastomers, olefin-based elastomers, amide-based elastomers, urethane-based elastomers, styrene-based elastomers, and acrylic-based elastomers.
- Solubility parameter (SP value) In the acoustic lens of the present invention, the difference in solubility parameter between at least one component among the components contained in the material of the concave lens portion and at least one component among the components contained in the material of the convex lens portion is 1 (cal / cm 3 ). It is preferably 1/2 or less in terms of bondability.
- the solubility parameter is also called the SP value (solability parameter) and is a value that can be used as an index of the solubility and compatibility of the solvent or resin.
- SP value solubility parameter
- the solubility and compatibility are good, so that the bondability between the thermoplastic resins is good.
- the material of the lens part is a hard resin
- at least one component among the components contained in the material means the hard resin when the material of the lens part contains a single hard resin, and a plurality of components.
- the hard resin of the seed is used as a component, it means at least one of them.
- the material of the lens portion is an elastomer
- at least one component among the components contained in the material means at least one of a soft segment and a hard segment, which are components contained in the elastomer.
- a soft segment and a hard segment which are components contained in the elastomer.
- there are multiple types of soft segments or hard segments it means at least one of the multiple types.
- the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion according to the present invention use a thermoplastic resin for both materials, the lens portions can be easily bonded to each other by melt bonding or bonding with an adhesive.
- Insert molding or two-color molding is preferable as the molding method for melt-joining.
- Insert molding In insert molding, one lens portion that has already been molded is inserted into the mold, and the resin material of the other lens portion is injected into the space inside the mold to perform fusion bonding. Insert molding is preferable in that it can be melt-bonded without using a special molding machine.
- two-color molding the material of one of the lens portions is injected into a mold and filled, and then the material of the other lens portion is filled in the mold to perform melt bonding.
- Two-color molding is preferable in that the process from molding to joining of the first lens portion can be performed in one process.
- There are two-color molding methods such as a rotary method and a core back method, and the acoustic lens of the present invention can be molded by any method.
- the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion according to the present invention can also be bonded with an adhesive. Bonding with an adhesive is preferable because each lens portion that has been molded can be integrated without a molding machine for melt bonding or the like.
- the type of adhesive is not particularly limited, and a general adhesive can be used as one capable of adhering thermoplastic resins to each other.
- a primer before bonding with an adhesive.
- the primer is an adhesive aid used for pretreatment of adhesive application. Bondability can be improved by using a primer suitable for the object to be bonded and the type of adhesive.
- fusion bonding is preferable to bonding using an adhesive.
- Table I shows the evaluation results of the bondability of various thermoplastic elastomers and thermosetting elastomers (silicone rubber) with respect to the thermoplastic hard resin as an example.
- Table II shows the details of the materials used for the adhesiveness evaluation.
- the column of "Joining with TPX” in Table I describes the evaluation when polymethylpentene (TPX) is used for the second layer sheet.
- the column of “Joining with PC” describes the evaluation when polycarbonate (PC) is used.
- thermoplastic resin the column of "SP value" in Table II describes the solubility parameter of the component that contributes to melt bonding among the contained components.
- silicone rubber the solubility parameter of the material itself is simply described.
- the bondability evaluation was performed as follows. An injection molding machine (SE-50DU manufactured by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.) was used to prepare the evaluation sheet. Further, the melting temperature of the resin and the temperature of the mold at the time of producing the evaluation sheet were set to the temperatures recommended by the manufacturer of each resin material.
- a first-layer sheet was produced by injecting a molten resin, which is a material for the first-layer sheet, into a mold having a length of 35 mm, a width of 35 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm, and then cooling and solidifying the mold.
- the prepared first-layer sheet having a thickness of 1 mm was set in a mold having a length of 35 mm, a width of 35 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm.
- a composite sheet for evaluation of melt-bonding was produced by injecting a molten resin, which is a material for the second layer sheet, into the space inside the mold, cooling the resin, and solidifying the resin.
- the first layer sheet and the second layer sheet were separately produced by injecting each molten resin into a mold having a length of 35 mm, a width of 35 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm, and then cooling and solidifying the molten resin.
- the first-layer sheet and the second-layer sheet produced above were adhered with an adhesive containing cyanoacrylate as a main component (PPX set manufactured by Cemedine Co., Ltd.) to prepare a composite sheet for evaluation of bonding with the adhesive.
- the first layer sheet and the second layer sheet were separately produced by injecting each molten resin into a mold having a length of 35 mm, a width of 35 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm, and then cooling and solidifying the molten resin.
- a primer containing n-heptane as a main component (PPX set manufactured by Cemedine Co., Ltd.) was applied to each of the first-layer sheet and the second-layer sheet prepared above.
- the first layer sheet and the second layer sheet coated with the primer are bonded with an adhesive containing cyanoacrylate as the main component (PPX set manufactured by Cemedine Co., Ltd.) to prepare a composite sheet for evaluation of bonding with the adhesive + primer. bottom.
- the first layer sheet made of silicone rubber was made of 100 parts by mass of dimethylpolysiloxane (KE742 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 0.5 parts by mass of 2 as a vulcanizing agent. , 5-Dimethyl-2,5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane was mixed, press-molded at 165 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then subjected to secondary vulcanization at 200 ° C. for 2 hours. It was molded so as to have a thickness of 1 mm.
- dimethylpolysiloxane KE742 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- 5-Dimethyl-2,5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane was mixed, press-molded at 165 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then subjected to secondary vulcanization at 200 ° C. for 2 hours. It was molded so as to have a thickness of 1 mm.
- the bondability between the thermoplastic resins is better than the bondability between the silicone rubber and the thermoplastic resin.
- silicone rubber and thermoplastic resin it is not possible to bond them with an adhesive alone, whereas in the case of thermoplastic resins, it is possible to bond them with an adhesive alone by appropriately combining the materials.
- silicone rubber and thermoplastic resin even if a primer is used for bonding with an adhesive, it will be peeled off when pulled by hand, whereas in the case of thermoplastic resins, it can be bonded well. ..
- silicone rubber and a thermoplastic resin they cannot be joined by melt bonding, whereas in the case of thermoplastic resins, they can be melt-bonded by appropriately combining materials.
- the acoustic lens of the present invention is characterized in that the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the convex lens portion is slower than the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the concave lens portion. This is to focus the ultrasonic waves.
- the thickness of the lens can be reduced. Sound attenuation can be reduced by reducing the thickness of the lens.
- the relationship between the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion and the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the subject can be adjusted as appropriate, and is not particularly limited.
- the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the subject needs to be faster than the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the subject.
- the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the concave lens portion is preferably faster than the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the living body, and therefore, it is preferably 1530 m / s or more.
- thermoplastic hard resin as the material of the concave lens portion
- thermoplastic elastomer as the material of the convex lens portion
- the acoustic lens of the present invention is characterized in that the acoustic impedance of the lens portion for the subject side of the concave lens portion and the convex lens portion is in the range of 1.3 to 1.8 MRayl. This makes it possible to reduce the reflection of ultrasonic waves between the acoustic lens and the subject.
- the difference in acoustic impedance between the lens portion for the subject side and the lens portion for the ultrasonic transducer side is 0.6MLayl or less in that the reflection of ultrasonic waves between the lens portions can be reduced. ..
- the acoustic lens of the present invention preferably has a repulsive elastic modulus of 60% or more of the thermoplastic resin which is the material of the convex lens portion.
- a thermoplastic elastomer as the material of the convex lens portion from the viewpoint of the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves, and the higher the elastic modulus of the thermoplastic elastomer, the smaller the sound attenuation due to the material characteristics tends to be. (See Table III, Figure 3). Therefore, the higher the elastic modulus, the smaller the attenuation of sound due to the material characteristics of the convex lens portion, and considering practicality, the elastic modulus is preferably 60% or more.
- Table III shows examples of materials that can be used for the lens section.
- the material that can be used for the convex lens portion is not limited.
- a measuring sheet was produced by injecting a molten resin as a material into a mold having a length of 35 mm, a width of 35 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm, and then cooling and solidifying the mold.
- An injection molding machine SE-50DU manufactured by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.
- SE-50DU manufactured by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.
- the melting temperature of the resin and the temperature of the mold at the time of producing the measuring sheet were set to the temperatures recommended by the manufacturer of each resin material.
- thermoplastic resin which is the material of the concave lens portion is a polyolefin-based heat. It is preferable that the thermoplastic resin which is a plastic hard resin and is a material of the convex lens portion is a thermoplastic elastomer containing a polyolefin-based resin component.
- the material of the lens part for the subject side needs to have an acoustic impedance of 1.3 to 1.8 MRayl, but in the case of the concave lens part, in addition to the acoustic impedance, it is a thermoplastic resin and the propagation of ultrasonic waves. This is because the material is preferably a polyolefin-based thermoplastic hard resin in consideration of speed. Further, considering the bondability of the concave lens portion with the material, the material of the convex lens portion for the ultrasonic transducer side is preferably a thermoplastic elastomer containing a polyolefin-based resin component.
- the thermoplastic resin used as the material of the concave lens portion is a polycarbonate-based material. , ABS, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyamide, and the thermoplastic resin that is the material of the convex lens portion is at least one of polyester, polyamide, and polyurethane. It is preferably a thermoplastic elastomer containing a kind of resin component.
- the material of the lens part for the subject side needs to have an acoustic impedance of 1.3 to 1.8 MRayl, but in the case of the convex lens part, in addition to the acoustic impedance, it is a thermoplastic resin and propagation of ultrasonic waves.
- the material is preferably a thermoplastic elastomer containing at least one of a polyester-based, polyamide-based and polyurethane-based resin component in consideration of speed.
- the material of the concave lens portion for the ultrasonic vibrator side is one of a polycarbonate-based, ABS-based, polybutylene terephthalate-based, and polyamide-based thermoplastic hard material. This is because it is preferably a resin.
- the ultrasonic probe of the present invention transmits ultrasonic waves toward a subject and receives the reflected echoes of the ultrasonic transducer and the ultrasonic transducer on the transmission / reception surface side. It is an ultrasonic probe provided with an arranged acoustic lens, and the acoustic lens is the acoustic lens of the present invention.
- the ultrasonic oscillator has a piezoelectric material, and is an element (piezoelectric element) that can convert electrical signals into mechanical vibrations and mechanical vibrations into electrical signals, can transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, and has a pyroelectric effect. Is.
- Piezoelectric material is a material containing a piezoelectric material that can convert electrical signals into mechanical vibrations and mechanical vibrations into electrical signals.
- Polymers include lead titanate (PZT) -based ceramics, lead titanate, piezoelectric ceramics such as lead methaniobate, lithium niobate, lead zinc niobate and lead titanate, lead magnesium niobate and lead titanate, etc.
- PZT lead titanate
- PZT lead titanate
- piezoelectric ceramics such as lead methaniobate, lithium niobate, lead zinc niobate and lead titanate, lead magnesium niobate and lead titanate, etc.
- Polyvinylidene fluoride-3ethylene fluoride which is a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), or VDF, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (TrFE).
- PVDF copolymers such as (P (VDF-TrFE)), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDCN) which is a polymer of vinylidene cyanide (VDCN), or vinylidene cyanide-based copolymers or nylon 9, nylon 11 and the like. Odd nylon, aromatic nylon, alicyclic nylon, polylactic acid, polyhydroxycarboxylic acid such as polyhydroxybutyrate, cellulose-based derivatives, and organic polymer piezoelectric materials such as polyurea can be used.
- the thickness of the piezoelectric material is, for example, used in the range of 100 to 500 [ ⁇ m].
- the ultrasonic transducer is used with an I / O (Input / Output) electrode and a GND (GrouND) electrode attached to both sides thereof.
- the configuration other than the acoustic lens and the ultrasonic vibrator is not particularly limited, but the configuration as shown in FIG. 4 can be used, for example.
- the ultrasonic probe 2 shown in FIG. 4 has a back surface layer 21, an I / O (Input / Output) electrode 22 as a first electrode, an ultrasonic vibrator (piezoelectric element) 23, and a second electrode.
- I / O (Input / Output) electrode 22 as a first electrode
- ultrasonic vibrator (piezoelectric element) 23 and a second electrode.
- a GND (GrouND) electrode 24, an acoustic matching layer 25, and an acoustic lens 26 are provided.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic device of the present invention is characterized by comprising the ultrasonic probe of the present invention.
- the configuration other than the ultrasonic probe is not particularly limited, but for example, the configuration as shown in FIG. 5 can be used.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 5 includes an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus main body 1 and an ultrasonic probe 2.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus main body 1 is connected to the ultrasonic probe 2 via a cable 3.
- the ultrasonic probe 2 transmits the transmitted ultrasonic wave to the subject, and the reflected ultrasonic wave from the inside of the subject received by the ultrasonic probe 2 is transmitted.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus main body 1 includes an operation input unit 11 and a display unit 17.
- the present invention can be used for an acoustic lens having a small sound attenuation and an acoustic impedance suitable for an ultrasonic probe, a method for manufacturing the same, and an ultrasonic probe and an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus provided with the acoustic lens.
- Ultrasonic diagnostic device body 2 Ultrasonic probe 3 Cable 11 Operation input unit 17 Display unit 21 Back layer 22 I / O electrode 23 Ultrasonic oscillator 24 GND electrode 25 Acoustic matching layer 26 Acoustic lens 31 Concave lens unit 32 Convex lens unit 100 Super Sonic diagnostic device
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Abstract
Description
より詳しくは、音の減衰が小さく、かつ、音響インピーダンスが超音波プローブに適切な音響レンズ等に関する。
すなわち、本発明に係る上記課題は、以下の手段により解決される。
凹レンズ部及び凸レンズ部が接合されて構成されており、
前記凸レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度が、前記凹レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度よりも遅く、
前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部のうち被検体側用のレンズ部の音響インピーダンスが、1.3~1.8MRaylの範囲内であり、かつ、
前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部の材料が、いずれも熱可塑性樹脂であることを特徴とする音響レンズ。
前記凸レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、熱可塑性エラストマーであることを特徴とする第1項から第3項までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズ。
前記凹レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリオレフィン系の熱可塑性硬質樹脂であり、かつ、
前記凸レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリオレフィン系の樹脂成分を含有する熱可塑性エラストマーであることを特徴とする第1項から第7項までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズ。
前記凹レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリカーボネート系、ABS系、ポリブチレンテレフタレート系及びポリアミド系のうちいずれか一種の熱可塑性硬質樹脂であり、かつ、
前記凸レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリエステル系、ポリアミド系及びポリウレタン系のうち少なくともいずれか一種の樹脂成分を含有する熱可塑性エラストマーであることを特徴とする第1項から第7項までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズ。
前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部を溶融接合することを特徴とする音響レンズの製造方法。
前記音響レンズが、第1項から第9項までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズであることを特徴とする超音波プローブ。
さらに、本発明は、各レンズ部の材料がいずれも熱可塑性樹脂であることを特徴とする。これにより、レンズ部同士を容易に接合することができ、上記音速等の各条件を満たした音響レンズを、接合性を考慮した上で、実際に提供することができる。
この特徴は、下記実施形態に共通する又は対応する技術的特徴である。
前記凸レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、熱可塑性エラストマーであることが、超音波の伝播速度の点から好ましい。
本発明の音響レンズは、超音波プローブ用の音響レンズであって、凹レンズ部及び凸レンズ部が接合されて構成されており、前記凸レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度が、前記凹レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度よりも遅く、前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部のうち被検体側用のレンズ部の音響インピーダンスが、1.3~1.8MRaylの範囲内であり、かつ、前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部の材料が、いずれも熱可塑性樹脂であることを特徴とする。
これらの特徴を有することで、超音波を集束させる条件(音速、レンズ形状)を満たした上で、音響インピーダンスの調節と音の減衰の抑制を両立させることができる。また、製造面においても接合性を考慮した上で、実際に提供することができる。
以下、詳細を記載する。
本発明の音響レンズは、凹レンズ部及び凸レンズ部が接合されて構成されていることを特徴とする。
本発明の音響レンズは、凹レンズ部及び凸レンズ部の材料が、いずれも熱可塑性樹脂であることを特徴とする。これにより、溶融接合や、接着剤による接着によって、レンズ部同士を容易に接合させることができる。
本発明の音響レンズは、凹レンズ部の材料が含有する成分のうち少なくとも一種の成分及び凸レンズ部の材料が含有する成分のうち少なくとも一種の成分の溶解度パラメータの差が、1(cal/cm3)1/2以下であることが、接合性の点で好ましい。
本発明に係る凹レンズ部及び凸レンズ部は、いずれの材料にも熱可塑性樹脂を用いていることから、溶融接合又は接着剤による接合によってレンズ部同士を容易に接合させることができる。
溶融接合によって接合することは、生産性の点で好ましい。また、接着剤やプライマーからなる接着層が不要であるため、接着層による音の減衰への影響がない点でも好ましい。
2色成形にはロータリー方式やコアバック方式などの方式があるが、本発明の音響レンズは、いずれの方式でも成形することができる。
本発明に係る凹レンズ部及び凸レンズ部は、接着剤によっても接合することができる。接着剤による接合は、成形済みの各レンズ部があれば、溶融接合用の成形機等がなくても一体化できる点で好ましい。
接合性を比較するため、例として、熱可塑性硬質樹脂に対する各種熱可塑性エラストマーと熱硬化性エラストマー(シリコーンゴム)の接合性の評価結果を表Iに示す。また、接合性評価に用いた材料の詳細を表IIに示す。
縦35mm×横35mm×厚さ1mmの金型に、1層目のシートの材料となる溶融樹脂を射出した後、冷却し、固化させることで、1層目のシートを作製した。
上記作製した厚さ1mmの1層目のシートを、縦35mm×横35mm×厚さ2mmの金型にセットした。金型内の空間に2層目のシートの材料となる溶融樹脂を射出した後、冷却し、固化させることで、溶融接合の評価用複合シートを作製した。
縦35mm×横35mm×厚さ1mmの金型に、各溶融樹脂を射出した後、冷却し、固化させることで、1層目のシートと2層目のシートを別個に作製した。
上記作製した1層目のシートと2層目のシートを、シアノアクリレートを主成分とする接着剤(セメダイン社製PPXセット)で接着させ、接着剤による接合の評価用複合シートを作製した。
縦35mm×横35mm×厚さ1mmの金型に、各溶融樹脂を射出した後、冷却し、固化させることで、1層目のシートと2層目のシートを別個に作製した。
上記作製した1層目のシートと2層目のシートのそれぞれに、n-ヘプタンを主成分とするプライマー(セメダイン社製PPXセット)を塗布した。プライマーを塗布した1層目のシートと2層目のシートを、シアノアクリレートを主成分とする接着剤(セメダイン社製PPXセット)で接着させ、接着剤+プライマーによる接合の評価用複合シートを作製した。
上記評価用複合シートの作製において、シリコーンゴムを材料とする1層目のシートは、100質量部のジメチルポリシロキサン(信越化学工業社製 KE742)に、加硫剤として0.5質量部の2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサンを混合し、165℃で10分間プレス成形した後、さらに200℃で2時間、2次加硫を行うことで作製した。厚さは1mmとなるように成形した。
上記作製した各評価用複合シートの接合性を、下記のとおり評価し、表Iに記載した。
〇:接合できており、手で引っ張っても剥がれない。
△:接合できているが、手で引っ張ると剥がれる。
×:接合できていない。
本発明の音響レンズは、凸レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度が、凹レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度よりも遅いことを特徴とする。超音波を集束させるためである。
実用的には、凹レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度は、生体における超音波の伝播速度よりも速いことが好ましいため、1530m/s以上であることが好ましい。
本発明の音響レンズは、凹レンズ部及び凸レンズ部のうち被検体側用のレンズ部の音響インピーダンスが、1.3~1.8MRaylの範囲内であることを特徴とする。これにより、音響レンズと被検体との間における超音波の反射を小さくすることができる。
本発明の音響レンズは、凸レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂の反発弾性率が、60%以上であることが好ましい。上述のとおり、凸レンズ部の材料には超音波の伝播速度の点から熱可塑性エラストマーを用いることが好ましく、熱可塑性エラストマーは、反発弾性率が高いほど、材料特性による音の減衰は小さい傾向にある(表III、図3参照)。そのため、反発弾性率が高い程、凸レンズ部の材料特性による音の減衰を小さくでき、実用性を考慮すると、反発弾性率が60%以上であることが好ましい。
レンズ部に使用できる材料の例を表IIIに示す。なお、凸レンズ部に使用できる材料を限定するものではない。
縦35mm×横35mm×厚さ1mmの金型に、材料となる溶融樹脂を射出した後、冷却し、固化させることで、測定用シートを作製した。
なお、測定用シート作製には射出成形機(住友重機械工業株式会社製SE-50DU)を使用した。また、測定用シート作製時の樹脂の溶融温度及び金型の温度は、各樹脂材料のメーカー推奨の温度に設定した。
25℃において、JIS C 2123に従い測定した。
25℃において、測定周波数5MHzで、音速測定装置(超音波工業株式会社製:シングアラウンド式音速測定装置UVM-2型)により測定した。
上記測定した密度及び音速から、下記の式により音響インピーダンスを求めた。
Z=ρ×C
Z:音響インピーダンス[MRayl]
ρ:密度[kg/m3]
C:音速[m/s]
25℃の水を満たした水槽中に測定用シートを入れた状態で、超音波パルサー・レシーバーJPR-10C(ジャパンプローブ株式会社製)により水中に15MHzの超音波を発生させて、超音波が測定用シートを透過する前の振幅と、超音波が測定用シートを透過した後の振幅とを測定した。測定した振幅から、下記の式により減衰率を求めた。
Px=P0e-αx
Px:透過後の振幅
P0:透過前の振幅
e:自然対数
α:減衰率[dB/mm]
x:透過距離[mm]
本発明の音響レンズにおいて用いる好ましい材料の組み合わせを説明する。
本発明の超音波プローブは、被検体に向けて超音波を送波し、かつ、その反射エコーを受波する超音波振動子及び前記超音波振動子の送受波面側に配設された音響レンズを備えた超音波プローブであって、音響レンズが、本発明の音響レンズであることを特徴とする。
本発明の超音波診断装置は、本発明の超音波プローブを具備することを特徴とする。
2 超音波プローブ
3 ケーブル
11 操作入力部
17 表示部
21 背面層
22 I/O電極
23 超音波振動子
24 GND電極
25 音響整合層
26 音響レンズ
31 凹レンズ部
32 凸レンズ部
100 超音波診断装置
Claims (14)
- 超音波プローブ用の音響レンズであって、
凹レンズ部及び凸レンズ部が接合されて構成されており、
前記凸レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度が、前記凹レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度よりも遅く、
前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部のうち被検体側用のレンズ部の音響インピーダンスが、1.3~1.8MRaylの範囲内であり、かつ、
前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部の材料が、いずれも熱可塑性樹脂であることを特徴とする音響レンズ。 - 超音波プローブに配設されたときに被検体に対向するレンズ面が、平面状又は凸面状であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の音響レンズ。
- 前記凸レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度が、前記凹レンズ部における超音波の伝播速度よりも300m/s以上遅いことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の音響レンズ。
- 前記凹レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、熱可塑性硬質樹脂であり、かつ、
前記凸レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、熱可塑性エラストマーであることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズ。 - 前記凸レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂の反発弾性率が、60%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズ。
- 前記凹レンズ部の材料が含有する成分のうち少なくとも一種の成分及び前記凸レンズ部の材料が含有する成分のうち少なくとも一種の成分の溶解度パラメータの差が、1(cal/cm3)1/2以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズ。
- 前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部が、溶融接合されて構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか一項に記載に記載の音響レンズ。
- 前記凹レンズ部が被検体側、前記凸レンズ部が超音波振動子側になるように構成されており、
前記凹レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリオレフィン系の熱可塑性硬質樹脂であり、かつ、
前記凸レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリオレフィン系の樹脂成分を含有する熱可塑性エラストマーであることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズ。 - 前記凹レンズ部が超音波振動子側、前記凸レンズ部が被検体側になるように構成されており、
前記凹レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリカーボネート系、ABS系、ポリブチレンテレフタレート系及びポリアミド系のうちいずれか一種の熱可塑性硬質樹脂であり、かつ、
前記凸レンズ部の材料である熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリエステル系、ポリアミド系及びポリウレタン系のうち少なくともいずれか一種の樹脂成分を含有する熱可塑性エラストマーであることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズ。 - 請求項1から請求項9までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズを製造する音響レンズの製造方法であって、
前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部を溶融接合することを特徴とする音響レンズの製造方法。 - 前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部をインサート成形によって溶融接合することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の音響レンズの製造方法。
- 前記凹レンズ部及び前記凸レンズ部を2色成形によって溶融接合することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の音響レンズの製造方法。
- 被検体に向けて超音波を送波し、かつ、その反射エコーを受波する超音波振動子及び前記超音波振動子の送受波面側に配設された音響レンズを備えた超音波プローブであって、
前記音響レンズが、請求項1から請求項9までのいずれか一項に記載の音響レンズであることを特徴とする超音波プローブ。 - 請求項13に記載の超音波プローブを具備することを特徴とする超音波診断装置。
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