WO2021232509A1

WO2021232509A1 - Method and apparatus for expanding tree block chain

Info

Publication number: WO2021232509A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/095083
Authority: WO
Inventors: 文格彬
Original assignee: 昆明大棒客科技有限公司
Priority date: 2020-05-21
Filing date: 2020-06-09
Publication date: 2021-11-25
Also published as: CN111598569A; CN111598569B

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for expanding a tree block chain. The method comprises: first sending a branching transaction to a pre-designated parent chain, then designating an anchor block, and when block generation configuration parameters are acquired, generating blocks in a time sequence according to the block generation configuration parameters, and connecting the blocks, the anchor block being used for calibrating the validity of all subsequent child chains. On this basis, in a branching transaction, a tree block chain can be branched on a pre-designated parent chain, so as to form sub chains, avoiding the disadvantage in a traditional single-chain structure of filling blocks of a main chain with all transactions, achieving the horizontal expansion of a whole block chain system.

Description

Tree-shaped block chain expansion method and device

Technical field

This application relates to the technical field of blockchain expansion, and in particular to a tree-shaped blockchain expansion method and device.

Background technique

In the process of Bitcoin formation, blocks are storage units one by one, recording all the communication information of each block node within a certain period of time. Each block is linked by a random hash (also known as a hash algorithm). The next block contains the hash value of the previous block. One block and one block are connected one after another to form a chain. The data structure, we call it a blockchain.

In today’s common blockchain projects, all transaction information is stored in blocks and organized in the form of a single chain, making the entire system lack sufficient flexibility in the face of ever-increasing transaction scale, and low transaction processing Speed and overly complex deployment issues.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the problems existing in the related technology to a certain extent, this application provides a tree-shaped blockchain expansion method and device.

According to the first aspect of this application, a tree-shaped blockchain expansion method is provided, including:

Send a fork transaction to the pre-designated parent chain;

Designate an anchor block, so that all sub-chains after the anchor block are valid;

Obtain block generation configuration parameters; the block generation configuration parameters include block generation interval, total number of tokens, distribution of tokens, block generation rewards and additional issuance methods;

Blocks are produced and connected in chronological order according to the block production configuration parameters.

Optionally, the tree block chain includes a security main chain and at least one application branch chain;

The security main chain is used to record the token transfer data of the security main chain and EDPoS node negotiation target process data;

The security main chain is the parent chain; the application branch is the parent chain or the child chain.

Optionally, the generation process of the secure main chain includes:

Set a genesis block; the genesis block is the first block of the tree-shaped blockchain;

Designate the chain composed of blocks that meet the judgment conditions of the main chain as the parent chain;

The main chain judgment condition is that it is connected after the genesis block and is generated through a preset consensus sequence;

The preset consensus sequence is EDPoS consensus and CPoW consensus.

Optionally, the block generation and connection in chronological order according to the block generation configuration parameter includes:

Obtain the mortgage token of the parent chain of the target number;

Store the mortgage token in the target address and freeze it;

Get the block height of the child chain;

According to the block height, the mortgage token is thawed according to the preset thawing rule.

Optionally, the transaction mechanism of the secure main chain includes: EDPoS node voting, EDPoS node registration transaction, and CPoW block production reward transaction.

According to the second aspect of the present application, a tree-shaped blockchain extension module is provided, including:

The sending module is used to send the fork transaction to the pre-designated parent chain;

The designated module is used to designate the anchor block so that all the sub-chains after the anchor block are valid;

The obtaining module is used to obtain block generation configuration parameters; the block generation configuration parameters include block generation interval, total number of tokens, distribution of tokens, block generation rewards and additional issuance methods;

The processing module is configured to produce blocks and connect them in chronological order according to the block production configuration parameters.

Optionally, the generating device of the security main chain includes:

The setting unit is used to set a genesis block; the genesis block is the first block of the tree-shaped blockchain;

The designated unit is used to designate the chain composed of blocks that meet the judgment conditions of the main chain as the parent chain;

The preset consensus sequence is EDPoS consensus and CPoW consensus.

Optionally, the processing module includes:

The first obtaining unit is used to obtain the mortgage token of the parent chain of the target quantity;

The freezing unit is used to store and freeze the mortgage token in the target address;

The second obtaining unit is used to obtain the block height of the sub-chain;

The unfreezing unit is used to unfreeze the mortgage token according to the block height according to the preset unfreezing rule.

The technical solution provided by this application may include the following beneficial effects: first send a fork transaction to a pre-designated parent chain, then specify an anchor block, and when the block generation configuration parameters are obtained, blocks are generated in chronological order according to the block generation configuration parameters And connect, among them, the anchor block is used to calibrate all subsequent sub-chains to be valid. Based on this, the tree block chain can be used in uranium bifurcation transactions to bifurcate on the pre-designated parent chain to form a child chain, which eliminates the drawbacks of filling all transactions in the main chain block in the traditional single chain structure, and realizes the district Horizontal expansion of the overall block chain system.

It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the application.

Description of the drawings

The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, show embodiments that conform to the application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principle of the application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a tree-shaped blockchain expansion method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tree-shaped blockchain extension module provided in the second embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail here, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the application as detailed in the appended claims.

In the process of Bitcoin formation, blocks are storage units one by one, recording all the communication information of each block node within a certain period of time. Each block is linked by a random hash (also known as a hash algorithm), the next block contains the hash value of the previous block, and one block and one block are connected one after another to form a chain The data structure, we call it a blockchain.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a tree-shaped blockchain extension method and device, which are described below by way of embodiments.

Example one

Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a tree-shaped blockchain extension method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application.

As shown in Fig. 1, the tree-shaped blockchain expansion method provided in this embodiment may include:

Step S101: Send a fork transaction to a pre-designated parent chain.

It should be noted that the fork transaction is sent by the application side, and the pre-designated parent chain is formulated by the application side. After the parent link receives the fork transaction, the parent chain will start to branch, that is to say , The data of the application side can be stored in the branch of the parent chain, and the branch is the child chain in step S102.

Step S102: Specify an anchor block so that all sub-chains after the anchor block are valid;

Of course, when the parent chain branches, the application side will specify the anchor block to determine whether the later transaction is valid in the parent chain and the child chain. When the anchor block is a block in the parent chain (referred to here as the designated parent chain block), the later transactions of the child chain will be included in all child chains connected to the designated parent chain block ; When the anchor block is a block in the sub-chain (referred to here as the designated sub-chain block), then the later transactions of the sub-chain will only be included in the sub-chain connected to the designated sub-chain block .

Step S103: Obtain block generation configuration parameters; the block generation configuration parameters include block generation interval, total number of tokens, distribution of tokens, block generation rewards and additional issuance methods;

It should be noted that the block generation interval needs to be consistent with the block generation interval of the security main chain, and other parameters can be configured by the application side.

Among them, the security main chain mentioned above is one chain in the entire tree-shaped blockchain system, and other chains in the tree-shaped blockchain system can be application side chains. The security main chain is used to record the token transfer data of the security main chain and the negotiation target process data of EDPoS nodes; the security main chain is used to support the security and consensus of the whole block system, and all application branch nodes need to synchronize and verify security The block header information of the main chain. After the new node is connected to the network, the security main chain synchronization is completed first, and then the application branch chain synchronization is started.

In addition, the generation process of the secure main chain includes: setting a genesis block; the genesis block is the first block of the tree-shaped blockchain; and the chain consisting of blocks that meet the judgment conditions of the main chain is designated Is the parent chain;

Wherein, the main chain judgment condition is that it is connected after the genesis block and is generated through a preset consensus sequence; the preset consensus sequence is EDPoS consensus and CPoW consensus.

Specifically, the security main chain of this embodiment can be set to start from the genesis block, the maximum block size is 2MB, the block generation reward is 15 tokens by default, the minimum difficulty of CPoW block generation is 8, and the maximum difficulty is 255. , The expected time to generate a block is 60 seconds, and the difficulty coefficient between two adjacent blocks will be adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the block generation time interval is close to the expected value. In addition, since the security main chain does not need to participate in practical applications, the transaction volume processed per second may not be very high, for example, only the theoretical value of 156TPS. Of course, these parameters can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

In addition, compared with the application branch chain, there are three types of transactions related to the consensus mechanism that are unique to the security main chain: EDPOS node voting transactions, EDPOS node registration transactions, and CPOW block reward transactions.

Among them, in the EDPoS node registration transaction, the EDPoS node needs to raise enough token votes in each round of negotiation, and use this to create a registration transaction to register on the chain in advance and publish its initial negotiation parameters. Only the nodes that have completed the registration before the negotiation round starts. (More than 2% of the total votes) is allowed to enter the negotiation process and obtain the right to block.

In the EDPoS node registration transaction, the EDPoS node needs to raise enough token votes in each round of negotiation, and use this to create a registration transaction to register on the chain in advance and release its initial negotiation parameters. Only the nodes that have completed the registration before the negotiation round (more than Only 2% of the total votes are allowed to enter the negotiation process and obtain the right to produce blocks.

In the CPoW block production reward transaction, the CPoW consensus is only used for the main chain consensus block production by default, and the corresponding block production reward is provided to participants through this type of transaction. Since the function of this type of transaction is similar to the coinbase transaction in Bitcoin, it will not be repeated here.

In step S104, blocks are generated and connected in chronological order according to the block generation configuration parameters.

In order to prevent someone from causing unnecessary resource consumption through high-frequency malicious forks, each time an application branch is created, it is necessary to use the parent chain's token for mortgage, and the token used for mortgage is sent to a special address for freezing , The frozen token can be unfrozen in stages according to the height of the block, and the creator can use his own private key to transfer the unfrozen token to another address.

Specifically, the freezing and unfreezing process can be: obtaining a target number of mortgage certificates of the parent chain; storing the mortgage certificates in the target address and freezing; obtaining the block height of the child chain; The preset unfreeze rules will unfreeze the mortgage tokens.

Since the fork transaction is first sent to the pre-specified parent chain, and then the anchor block is specified, when the block generation configuration parameters are obtained, the blocks are generated and connected in chronological order according to the block generation configuration parameters. Among them, the anchor block is used for All subsequent sub-chains after calibration are valid. Based on this, the tree block chain can be used in uranium bifurcation transactions to bifurcate on the pre-designated parent chain to form a child chain, which eliminates the drawbacks of filling all transactions in the main chain block in the traditional single chain structure, and realizes the district Horizontal expansion of the overall block chain system.

It should be noted that the distribution of the tokens in step S103 can be but not limited to the following three:

1) Create an independent branch, and reset the total number of tokens and the distribution method of the starting block of the branch;

2) Completely inherit the distribution of fork points;

3) Inherit the distribution of the bifurcation point token, and perform additional issuance on this basis. The distribution of the additional issuance part is in the starting block of the branch.

As for the block generation of the application branch chain, based on the consensus mechanism of the secure main chain, the application branch chain can either use the nodes of the secure main chain to generate blocks, or build a node to generate the block, or customize the consensus mechanism to generate the block. . For example, with the help of the EDPoS node of the secure main chain to produce blocks, there is no need to set up a block producing node. The EDPoS node obtains the right to produce blocks on the main chain while generating new blocks for the branch. This method corresponds to the public business model; self-built nodes can produce blocks. The application side builds a block node in the application branch, and borrows the random beacon generated by the security main chain to set the block generation mechanism of this branch. This method corresponds to a closed business model; of course, the application party can customize the consensus mechanism for the generation of branch chain blocks and sub-blocks.

It should be noted that in order to make the transaction on the chain lower delay, in the normal block generation interval per minute, the application branch chain can generate sub-blocks, and the parameters generated by the sub-blocks can be customized, for example, the sub-block interval is not less than 2 Seconds, and no empty blocks can be generated. The node that generates the sub-block is determined by the independent random beacon of the same height block of the security main chain. There is no additional block reward for the sub-block, but it can obtain high transaction fee income.

Considering the sub-blocks in the application branch chain, the transaction capacity of each application branch chain can be increased by 30 times, and the TPS can reach 5200. When business data is too large and higher transaction capacity and concurrency are required, multiple application branches can be created to meet the demand.

In addition, the application side chain height is maintained in synchronization with the block of the security main chain, which is used to support cross-branch chain transactions between application side chains and facilitate the side chain blocks to refer to the consensus results of the same height of the main chain, reducing the number of traversal queries. In order to maintain the high consistency between the application side chain and the security main chain, the application side chain can generate empty blocks. Specifically, when the application branch selects the EDPoS node of the main chain to generate blocks, the EDPoS node of the security main chain will take the token value of the application branch as a priority reference and independently select the supported application branch. Application side chains with relatively low value may be excluded from the block list by some EDPoS nodes of the security main chain. At this time, in order to maintain the high synchronization of the main chain, the branch will automatically fill in an empty block.

Example two

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a tree-shaped blockchain extension module provided in the second embodiment of the present application.

As shown in Figure 2, the tree-shaped blockchain extension module provided by this embodiment may include:

The sending module 21 is used to send a fork transaction to a pre-designated parent chain;

The designation module 22 is used to designate an anchor block so that all sub-chains after the anchor block are valid;

The obtaining module 23 is configured to obtain block generation configuration parameters; the block generation configuration parameters include block generation interval, total number of tokens, distribution of tokens, block generation rewards and additional issuance methods;

The processing module 24 is configured to produce blocks and connect them in chronological order according to the block production configuration parameters.

Further, the tree block chain includes a security main chain and at least one application branch chain;

Further, the generating device of the security main chain includes:

The preset consensus sequence is EDPoS consensus and CPoW consensus.

Further, the processing module includes:

The second obtaining unit is used to obtain the block height of the sub-chain;

Further, the transaction mechanism of the secure main chain includes: EDPoS node voting, EDPoS node registration transaction, and CPoW block production reward transaction.

Regarding the device in the foregoing embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operation has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and detailed description will not be given here.

It can be understood that the same or similar parts in the foregoing embodiments may be referred to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments may refer to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two.

Any process or method description described in the flowchart or described in other ways herein can be understood as a module, segment, or part of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process , And the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes additional implementations, which may not be in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the functions involved. This should be It is understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

It should be understood that each part of this application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if it is implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one or a combination of the following technologies known in the art: Discrete logic circuits, application specific integrated circuits with suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate array (PGA), field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps carried in the method of the foregoing embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware to complete. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, it includes one of the steps of the method embodiment or a combination thereof.

In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.

The aforementioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean specific features described in conjunction with the embodiment or example , The structure, materials, or characteristics are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above-mentioned terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art can comment on the foregoing within the scope of the present application. The embodiment undergoes changes, modifications, substitutions, and modifications.

Claims

A tree-shaped blockchain expansion method, which is characterized in that it includes:

Send a fork transaction to the pre-designated parent chain;

Designate an anchor block, so that all sub-chains after the anchor block are valid;

Obtain block generation configuration parameters; the block generation configuration parameters include block generation interval, total number of tokens, distribution of tokens, block generation rewards and additional issuance methods;

Blocks are produced and connected in chronological order according to the block production configuration parameters.
The tree-shaped blockchain expansion method according to claim 1, wherein the tree-shaped blockchain includes a security main chain and at least one application branch chain;

The security main chain is used to record the token transfer data of the security main chain and EDPoS node negotiation target process data;

The security main chain is the parent chain; the application branch is the parent chain or the child chain.
The tree-shaped blockchain expansion method according to claim 2, characterized in that:

The generation process of the security main chain includes:

Set a genesis block; the genesis block is the first block of the tree-shaped blockchain;

Designate the chain composed of blocks that meet the judgment conditions of the main chain as the parent chain;

The main chain judgment condition is that it is connected after the genesis block and is generated through a preset consensus sequence;

The preset consensus sequence is EDPoS consensus and CPoW consensus.
The tree-shaped blockchain expansion method according to claim 1, wherein the generating and connecting blocks in chronological order according to the block generation configuration parameters comprises:

Obtain the mortgage token of the parent chain of the target number;

Store the mortgage token in the target address and freeze it;

Get the block height of the child chain;

According to the block height, the mortgage token is thawed according to the preset thawing rule.
The tree-shaped blockchain expansion method according to claim 2, wherein the transaction mechanism of the secure main chain includes: EDPoS node voting, EDPoS node registration transaction, and CPoW block production reward transaction.
A tree-shaped blockchain extension module, which is characterized in that it includes:

The sending module is used to send the fork transaction to the pre-designated parent chain;

The designated module is used to designate the anchor block so that all the sub-chains after the anchor block are valid;

The obtaining module is used to obtain block generation configuration parameters; the block generation configuration parameters include block generation interval, total number of tokens, distribution of tokens, block generation rewards and additional issuance methods;

The processing module is configured to produce blocks and connect them in chronological order according to the block production configuration parameters.
The tree-shaped blockchain expansion module according to claim 6, wherein the tree-shaped blockchain includes a security main chain and at least one application branch chain;

The security main chain is used to record the token transfer data of the security main chain and EDPoS node negotiation target process data;

The security main chain is the parent chain; the application branch is the parent chain or the child chain.
The tree-shaped blockchain expansion module according to claim 7, wherein:

The generating device of the security main chain includes:

The setting unit is used to set a genesis block; the genesis block is the first block of the tree-shaped blockchain;

The designated unit is used to designate the chain composed of blocks that meet the judgment conditions of the main chain as the parent chain;

The main chain judgment condition is that it is connected after the genesis block and is generated through a preset consensus sequence;

The preset consensus sequence is EDPoS consensus and CPoW consensus.
The tree-shaped blockchain expansion module according to claim 6, wherein the processing module comprises:

The first obtaining unit is used to obtain the mortgage token of the parent chain of the target quantity;

The freezing unit is used to store and freeze the mortgage token in the target address;

The second obtaining unit is used to obtain the block height of the sub-chain;

The unfreezing unit is used to unfreeze the mortgage token according to the block height according to the preset unfreezing rule.
The tree-shaped blockchain expansion module according to claim 7, wherein the transaction mechanism of the secure main chain includes: EDPoS node voting, EDPoS node registration transaction, and CPoW block production reward transaction.