WO2018153912A1

WO2018153912A1 - System for setting up and operating a wide-area-coverage network of battery changing stations for electric vehicles

Info

Publication number: WO2018153912A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/054270
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gerhard ERASMUS
Original assignee: Erasmus Gerhard
Priority date: 2017-02-22
Filing date: 2018-02-21
Publication date: 2018-08-30
Also published as: CH713481A2

Abstract

The system serves for setting up and operating a wide-area-coverage network of battery changing stations for electric vehicles and, in particular, for electric motorbikes. It is composed of a multiplicity of changing stations, wherein an individual changing station includes a locker system (1) with a number of lockers (2) for various battery types (5). Each locker (2) has a power connection (8) with a charging unit (6) for one or more specific battery types, as well as also with measuring devices for determining the state of charge of the inserted battery. Each individual changing station can communicate with mobile phones (9) with a corresponding app (10) using a computer (CPU) which is connected to the measuring devices, using a wireless interface via the Internet and vice versa. The changing stations can be operated via the app with at least the following functions: 1. Identification of the user (12) or requesting party, 2. Statement of the currently present battery types and the number as well as state of charge thereof; 3. The time when the full charge of the battery has been reached or is reached, 4. Reserving one or more batteries (5) during a time window for a reservation fee; 5. Coded automatic opening and closing of a specific locker (2) in order to exchange the flat or partially charged battery (5) for a fully charged battery by an identified and authorized user (12), 6. Billing according to the battery capacity which has been drawn by debiting a user account.

Description

Plant for the construction and operation of a nationwide network of battery changing stations for

electric vehicles

This invention relates to a system which allows an owner or user of an electric vehicle or such with an electric auxiliary drive, in particular a so-called pedelec electric bicycle or e-bike to cover larger distances no matter in which parts of the country by within the Range of its battery capacity can always replace its partially or completely depleted battery with a built-in or matching fully charged battery. Thus, the users of such vehicles can also be relieved of the concern about the state of charge, and they are not limited by local and temporal restrictions associated with the charging of their batteries.

Electric bikes are enjoying increasing popularity and today belong to the general street scene. While their battery capacity is sufficient for shorter trips, as long as the battery can be recharged in the evening and overnight on the mains, the user of an electric vehicle and especially the user of an electric bicycle soon reaches the capacity limits of the battery when traveling a long distance at a stretch want. Often the range is about 30km, with more advanced batteries, it will soon be bigger. Cyclists in particular would like to go on longer tours with electric bicycles and, in particular, tours lasting several days and not be bound to specific routes. The drivers do not want to constantly ask the question where they can recharge their batteries. So far, they can only manage to take a second or third charged battery for replacement and use it on the move as soon as the battery in use is empty. An additional battery to be carried increases the loading of the bike by a few kilograms and is not very desirable. In addition, the batteries have to be recharged over the next night on the power supply, which would then be carried according to two or even three chargers, and finally it comes that these batteries are quite expensive.

If all batteries were identical, the construction of a network of change stations would not be so complicated. The fact remains that there are a variety of battery patterns, and these are not compatible with each other. A certain specific battery fits only in certain battery storage compartments on the bike.

In addition, there is a problem to be solved also to find somewhere on the way the next charging or changing station, if there were such at all nationwide. But not only that, you also need to know where, how many batteries of the type you are looking for, and then only when charged. Finally, a charged battery will cost something in exchange with a discharged one, so a billing system should be included that is accessible to everyone, and finally, a change station should be as automated as possible and work around the clock, so without staff and therefore economically optimized. It's all a challenge. Another goal to be achieved with these change stations is to be able to offer the charges cheaper than what would cost a public transport ticket for the same route, or in the case of electrically powered mountain bikes, which would cost the ticket of a mountain railway.

For these reasons, it is the object of the present invention to provide a system for building and operating a nationwide network of rechargeable battery change stations for electric vehicles, so that with an electric vehicle or an electric bike route independent within its range, a change station is reached at which battery is available in a charged state, and this battery can be exchanged there for a fee is in exchange with the depleted battery. This network should allow you to plan and de-route routes criss-cross in a certain region or part of the country or in a whole country, and always have enough change stations so that you never get left behind with a dead battery. You have to know for this purpose, which battery type is available in which amount in the loaded state at which time, at any time, and you must be able to reserve the battery binding and communicate with the exchange station.

This object is achieved by a system for building and operating a nationwide network of battery changing stations for electric vehicles with removable batteries of all kinds, and especially for electric bicycles, consisting of a variety of exchange stations, with a single exchange station a locker shelf includes, with a number of lockers for inserting different types of batteries in associated locks in the lockers, each locker has a power connector with charging unit for the battery type in question and a measuring device for measuring the state of charge of a battery inserted, and that the changeover station a computer (Central Processing Unit CPU) with connection to the measuring devices and a wireless interface for communication with mobile phones with the corresponding app so that the system and all its switching stations communicate via mobile phone app with the mobile phones and where the change stations can be used with the following functions:

1 . Identification of the user or requester

2. indication of the currently available battery types and their number, as well as their state of charge;

3. Time when their full load has been reached or reached,

4. Reserve one or more batteries during a time window against a reservation fee;

5. Coded automatic opening and closing of a particular shooting compartment for replacement of the empty or partially charged battery with a fully charged battery of associated secured locks by an identified and authorized user, 6. Billing for related battery capacity by charging a user account.

Based on the figures, a system with changing stations is shown, as well as various change stations and battery types, and the system and its function and management is described in detail below:

An installation with a multitude of changing stations in the form of a shelf with lockers, as well as a cyclist with his electric bicycle on a route connecting them and next to it the display of his mobile phone;

The display of a smartphone with the app loaded on it to manage the system by a single user;

The display of the smartphone after selecting and opening the app and after the login;

The display of the smartphone after selecting a specific battery change station on the map shown;

The display of the smartphone after booking or reserving a desired battery at the selected changing station;

The display of the smartphone after re-selecting and opening the app after arrival at the selected battery change station;

Figure 7 The display of the smartphone after selecting OPEN

(Opening), looking for the corresponding locker and then opening it; A locker shelf with lockable RFID-readable battery ID of the user (e-cyclist) or locker doors that can be opened by entering codes;

A single locker with open door and power connection, as well as next to put down in the locker battery and its associated standard charger; a larger, locker shelf in a building whose lockers are therefore heated;

A locker shelf with lockers of different sizes for holding more or less large batteries;

A specific battery type, as well as in front of a bicycle frame to be installed receptacle;

Another specific battery type, and next to it the associated charger and power cord;

Another specific type of battery;

An assortment of differently sized rechargeable batteries of a certain type;

Another specific battery type, secured to its frame with a key system, and next to it the associated charger and power cord; FIG. 18 shows another specific type of battery with its receiving compartment for mounting on a bicycle;

Figure 19 shows another specific battery types with mounting bracket and associated charger with power cord;

Figure 20 is a square battery with associated charger with power cord;

Figure 21 A triangular battery with associated charger

Power cord.

There are currently a variety of e-bike batteries, but no standard, no uniform battery, not even uniform chargers to which all battery types would be loadable. The chargers have conventional power plugs and these are common to almost all chargers. While there are e-bike charging stations, there are no pre-charged batteries available on-site that can be reserved by mobile phone for pickup. In Switzerland, for example, there is the Herzroute (www.herzroute.ch), along which there are preferably inns in which batteries are charged to a certain type of rental bicycle, and when a group of cyclists arrives, the batteries of their bicycles are changed and the bicycles can now be recharged with charged batteries, so that the whole route from Lake Constance to Lake Geneva and vice versa, that is, can be traveled throughout Switzerland. There are a number of other routes within Switzerland that are organized in the same way.

There are also isolated and electronically lockable lockers for other purposes, but without socket with power connection for charging a bicycle batteries, and without heating, while temperatures of 20-25 ° C would be ideal when loading, and no way to measure and display the charge status of a battery. The charging status is a mathematical calculation of the associated software app of the present appendix. For example, a battery type xy needs 5 hours to charge. The time from connection to the charger plus 5 hours gives the time when the said battery is fully charged again. And there are electronic lockers, but they work with a central locker Reading head (reader / scanner) for QR, barcodes, RFID, etc. Furthermore, electronic lockers with HEID push button are known, but not with variable match frequencies on the locker lock side, but only in a chip of the user, for example in a bracelet or in integrated into a card in credit card format. Finally, reservation system applications are known, but none to be able to send a new frequency indication to selected RFID readers that correspond to, for example, the RFID adhesive transmit signal on the user's battery. There are all sorts of technical components available, but never before have these been coupled in an intelligent way so that the desired service is feasible, namely that a driver of an electric bicycle can check at any time, where charged batteries are available in a large number or be available in a charged state until a certain selectable time. And the cyclist can not reserve one or more such charged batteries at a change station under payment without the help of local helpers on the spot, and then actually change the battery for a uniform exchange rate or charge capacity. For many payments, cards, codes, keys, coins, etc. are still used, rather than an electronic billing system that accepts prepayments or, after use, allows immediate debits or generates monthly billing.

The system presented here should offer just that. The concept is described below with reference to Figure 1, in which a system is shown from a variety of change stations, and a user 12 and his mobile phone 9. The exchange stations are symbolized by rectangles, each exchange station has a plurality of lockers, in which batteries of different types can be charged. Such exchanges are set up over a whole territory distributed so that each road section within this territory passes within a range of, for example, 30 km at a change station. Depending on the chosen route, a cyclist passes as shown at one or more such changing stations, where he can replace the bicycle battery and thus can continue with a fully charged battery. In the example shown, his route leads over fictional towns with changing stations. His mobile phone 9 has an app belonging to the app, by means of which the plant is manageable. Among other things, the app allows at least the following functions:

1 . Identification of the user or requester by the system,

2. Specification of the battery types currently available in a selectable change station and their number, as well as their charge state. (The user data of each user are stored in the system of the system, ie his e-bike and the corresponding battery type are known to the system.An electric biker can also have several e-bikes, or battery types deposited, which he then as needed Depending on the choice, he then only sees, for example, the type of battery he is currently using and the availability of this specific type of battery.)

3. Time when the full charge of the desired battery has been reached or reached,

4. Reserve one or more batteries during a time window, optionally against a reservation fee. Alternatively, the system can only work with a change fee - no reservation fee. A reservation is then canceled by the system if the e-biker does not change the battery within a certain time window.

5. Coded automatic opening and closing of a particular shooting compartment of a particular exchange station for replacement of the empty or partially charged battery with a fully charged battery by an identified and authorized user,

6. Billing per battery change or battery capacity by loading a user account.

[001 1] With the aid of the mobile telephone display 10 shown separately in FIG. 1, one recognizes the representation of a possible image which the app can display among other things. The display 10 here displays the change stations on a map, and with the cyclist, the location of the user 12 is displayed, which is achieved via the GPS function of the mobile phone 9. It confirms a reservation of a battery in a certain selected changing station, as well as whether the reservation was successfully carried out and, if necessary, paid depending on the system design. The app continuously calculates the driving distances to the various reachable change stations and in particular to those on the selected route. Before starting a journey, the user 12 plans a route and recognizes the distance information he, at which exchange stations, the exchange of his battery is displayed with a fully charged battery. Accordingly, he reserves these battery types in the selected change stations of his route. For this he enters his battery types and his change time window from calendar day and time hh: mmi to calendar day 02 and time hh: mm2 and immediately recognizes in which changing station fully charged batteries of the respective type are available for this time slot. He can reserve a fully charged battery for replacement in a specific time slot - preferably free. In another interpretation of the system, it may also be that depending on the size of the time window and the length of time to the effective collection of the battery, a reservation fee will be charged directly to his account, if he confirms this reservation. In any case, a charge to his account after a battery change takes place. The system or its software will detect if the reservation is not possible, such as when no charged battery is available in the desired period, because all have already been reserved by other users or no battery of the desired type is available. As mentioned, reservations can be made for free or for a fee - depending on the wishes of the operator of the facility. If a user represents several persons of a group, he can register their bicycles for all group members and deposit the battery types and load the app on the mobile phone. So he can also reserve several batteries when he is organizing a trip as a leader of a group of cyclists. It is clear that the app can include other pages and functions that are available with the touch screen function, such as displaying the account balance, specific requests to each selectable change station, etc. The computer (CPU) of each exchange station via the Internet Access to the account of each user make and after successful battery change by the user a debit from his bank account, Postfinance- or credit card account perform, and deduct penalty fees directly from the designated account of the user. Above all, it is possible to provide a monthly billing, with prepayments being credited to the user account. Such prepayments also help to systematically push the system through large membership and help the system make a breakthrough.

Figure 2 shows a more sophisticated display of a smartphone with the loaded app for managing the system by a single User. An arrow points to the icon CyclOn, which shows in the example shown this specific app on the smartphone display.

Figure 3 shows the display of the smartphone after selecting and opening the App CyclOn. The purpose of this image is to orientate yourself to locate a battery that suits the needs of the user. When a user uses multiple Small Electric Vehicles (SEVs) that are also registered in the CyclOn, a pop-up window pops up and asks the user, "Which Small Electrical Vehicle (SEV)? E-bike driving or which battery you need for an exchange. "The highlighted, marked with an arrow point on the map section indicates where the user is currently located, it will then display only those changing stations in the wider area, Other change stations do not appear, which relieves the amount of image information First, the user must log in, if the automatic log in is not activated After the sign at the bottom right edge of the map, which here ein Arrow points, tapped, the map is centered around the user site's point, dami the user can easily orient themselves. The other points marked on the map section indicate alternate stations with these batteries. Below the designated user - here as an example below the name admin5 - will be displayed: booked batteries - 0. So no battery has been reserved yet. The user next selects on the map the closest change station for him by tapping on the corresponding location point.

Figure 4 shows the display of the smartphone after selecting a specific battery changing station on the map shown. The prominent location point, here the one for the place Restaurant Linde, Dorfstrasse 2, 8424 Embrach, now appears in a different color. In the black and white illustration shown here, this point is marked with the top arrow in the map, while the current location of the user is displayed with the point pointed to by the bottom arrow in the map. The battery availability or the number of suitable batteries at this exchange station in Embrach is in the lower half of the picture, with the upper arrow on the left side of the screen (5 available), so that the user can now reserve one of these five batteries accordingly. To the right of this is still displayed with graphic symbols. No battery is reserved or booked yet, which is indicated by the lower arrow (0 booked). After the user has tapped on the display on BOOK, he can still enter a time window for the planned pickup, so that in the event that he does not pick up this reserved battery in this time window, the battery will automatically be available again for the next user is done. His user account (or his payment) is only charged for a battery when he has actually picked up the battery and / or exchanged.

FIG. 5 shows the display of the smartphone after this reservation has been made. In the map section, the location of the changing station is shown with a point highlighted in color where the arrow points in the black and white illustration. In the lower half of the screen is now shown that 1 battery was reserved or booked (1 booked), and that four more suitable batteries are available in this exchange station. This is shown on the right with graphic symbols. The program would suggest a different time if the arrival time of the user was not plausible, for example too early to cycle from the current location to the selected change station. The user drives to the selected change station after the successful reservation.

When he arrived at the change station, he opens the app again and it appears again the image as shown in Figure 6. The arrow points to the location of the change station, where the user is now with his smartphone. The user then selects OPEN to open the safe via NFC, Bluetooth and other common short-distance communication methods integrated in the SmartPhone.

It then appears the image of Figure 7, while the locker searched with the reserved battery and then unlocked controlled by the CPU of this changing station and is opened. This is displayed here with Started lock search ..., and the locker is finally unlocked and opened and the batteries can be replaced. Should the door of the safe, in which the Discharged battery in exchange for the charged battery for the new charge is not properly closed, so the user gets a message that he should please close the door properly, otherwise he would have to pay for the costs incurred in the case of theft of the battery from the open Deposit box. If the battery is not plugged in correctly, or if it is not properly stored in the locker during induction charging, the user also receives a message. If, as an option, the user wishes to exchange the same for his specific battery when the temperatures are too low, he can also send a corresponding message to his app from the battery sensor.

Work is currently underway to establish an alliance with the purpose of making the industry a standard for induction charging, as is already known in mobile telephony. This alliance will be made up of interest groups such as e-bike manufacturers and manufacturers of smaller electric vehicles that run on batteries of currently 36 volts and 48 volts. The goal is to establish an induction standard like Qi in mobile telephony. This standard will then replace the mechanical connection or connection of the batteries to electrical sockets. It will then be possible to simply place the battery in the lockable compartment and to charge it by induction, ie electromagnetically by means of wirelessly transmitted energy, depending on the applicable standard. In the development of BICAR, a current project of the Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW in Winterthur, Switzerland, it is planned to establish such a network for public transport by 2020. There are already prototypes of such batteries used that can be charged with induction. For older batteries, which still do not allow induction charging according to this standard, there is the possibility of using suitable connectors, which must be present in the locker to make them also induction-Iadetauglich, as is possible today with older mobile phones. The battery form and the plugs will no longer be an issue in the future, because charging by means of induction standards will replace all cables and plugs.

If the user arrives at a targeted exchange station, he can there by sending the code to a particular locker number, which is communicated to him by the app, open the locker door and the charged battery remove. He puts his discharged battery into this open locker and connects the battery, and via the charge control in the locker, the system detects whether the battery is being actively charged. Only then does the system confirm via the app to the user that he can now close the locker door. In order to always use a discharged battery of the same type in exchange with a charged one, various measures can help. For example, the system may be designed so that a charged battery can only be removed when a discharged battery has been successfully connected for charging, otherwise a lock will not release the charged battery. The discharged battery is then latched into the separate lock, which only opens again when another battery has been connected in the other lock. In addition, the user account may be charged a penalty fee if he leaves the locker door open for more than a certain amount of time. Once the user has taken the fully charged battery from the safe and the discharged battery in the locker and the door was successfully closed, this is confirmed via app and otherwise the system alerts the user within a certain time and indicates a possible penalty. Under normal circumstances, after purchasing a charged battery, a watt hour fee will be deducted from the user's account. The measuring device in the locker determines the difference between the state of charge of the related charged battery and the discharged battery used and the CPU calculated due to this charging difference the due charge for the electricity purchased at a price per watt-hour. A user therefore needs nothing more than a mobile phone as well as the specific app for managing the system with his conventional electric bicycle. From now on it has an almost endless range within the territory in which the plant is built, and which is provided with a sufficient density of changing stations.

If the user comes within the reserved time window at the exchange station, where he has reserved the battery, the empty locker recognizes the RFID of the incoming empty battery and opens automatically, or the locker can be by means of Near Filed Communication NFC, Bluetooth etc. with the user's mobile phone. Alternatively, the system may be arranged so that the user opens the locker door by sending a code to a particular locker number communicated to him by the app and remove the charged battery. The user inserts his discharged battery into this open locker and connects the battery to the charging station. Through the charge control in the locker, the system detects whether the battery is being actively charged and only then allows the door to lock if this is ensured. Alternatively, the system can be designed so that first the discharged battery is inserted into an empty locker and connected to the charging station and that only when the start of charging the empty battery is confirmed, the door of another locker with the fully charged Battery opens. Once the e-biker (user) has removed the fully charged battery, the door will automatically close if the e-biker did not lock the door properly. For each change, the user account will be charged a change fee. This fee is stored for the battery type in the system. The exchange price is determined by all relevant costs for the system, eg. B. Battery cost (battery charge divided by the specified possible number of charges), locker costs (number lockers, number of battery charging options over 5 years), operating costs (electricity, App and software development costs) over 5 years divided by the number of proposed changes, possibly. Personnel costs for maintenance, trouble for "trouble shooting", software error messages, battery replacement, transport costs, etc. A change price in the order of a maximum of CHF 5.- is intended for standard capacity batteries.

Figure 8 shows a possible locker shelf 1 with lockable and openable by entering codes lockers 2 with their electrically operated locks 4 openable doors 3. Such shelves 1 can be placed outside or in a building. When installed outdoors, they are equipped with roofs, heating and cooling, so that they are weatherproof and suitable for winter and high summer. The shelf shown here can hold 36 batteries, 10 such shelves therefore 360 batteries.

Figure 9 shows a single locker 2 of this shelf 1 with open door 3. Each such door 3 may be equipped with a reading head (reader / scanner) 15 for QR, barcodes or RFIDs, as well as with a HEID push button 16 for Opening of the lockers 2. In addition, a battery 5, its charger 6 and a power cord 7 is shown. Inside the compartment 2 can be seen the power connector. 8 There, a charger 6 is plugged, to which the battery to be charged 5 is docked. The battery 5 can be secured for this purpose with a lock, not shown, which opens only when another battery is successfully connected to a second lock for loading the charging station, and the door 3 can only be successfully closed when the battery to be charged in turn secured in this castle. It can also be a reading head (reader / scanner) for QR, barcodes or RFIDs installed on the shelf 1, and a HEID push button 16 on each door to open the relevant locker 2. Each locker 2 of the system is in addition to the socket 8 in addition to a charger and a meter for detecting the state of charge of the connected battery 5 and with electrical connections to a belonging to the shelf 1 computer (CPU) (smart chip) equipped, all doors and transmitters (RFID) centrally controls the shelf and in which all systemically relevant Signals are processed and which has an interface to the mobile phones 9 all users.

10 shows two larger, covered locker shelves 1, which are housed inside a building and are therefore particularly safe and weather-independent, and in Figure 11, a locker system with shelves 1 is shown, the lockers 2 have different sizes, For accommodating different sized battery types, because there are a large variety of different batteries, with different shape and size and charging capacity. When changing, it is important to follow the order, as well as to charge only batteries with 85% or less charge. The system is also suitable as a sales platform for the handling of any products, such. Eg for products ordered online etc.

The figure 12 shows, for example, a specific type of battery, as well as in front of a bicycle frame to be installed receiving compartment 1 1, which is mounted on the bike and from which the battery 5 can be removed. FIG. 13 shows another specific type of battery 5, and next to it the associated charger 6 and power cable 7.

FIG. 14 shows another specific battery type 5, here in the form of a box-shaped battery with its connection poles. For this as well as for in figure 15 battery packs of different sizes 5 of a certain type, terminals are required with which the charger in the locker can be connected to the poles.

Figure 16 shows again another specific battery types, and next to the associated charger and power cord, as well as the figures 17 to 21. Figure 21 shows a triangular battery, only to show how vielgestaltig the various batteries are in the market. There are a variety of shapes, sizes, mounting systems on the bike, as well as different charging systems or chargers. Therefore, specific storage compartments on the shelf are needed for specific batteries, so that everything fits together, which must fit. The size and shape of the batteries of course affects the necessary locker sizes. In the future, new developments will lead to the launch of ever lighter and smaller rechargeable batteries, which can also be charged using induction. These batteries will be more and more standardized, to one or more compact standard sizes, so you have to take into account with the locker sizes on much less deviations in the battery dimensions.

Below, further explanations for the management of the system are disclosed. By means of RFID readers in lockers can be determined whether a battery in the locker is properly connected to the charger therein and is charged, and only then can the locker close and lock. The locker lock can therefore only be completed when the system has detected that the charging cycle of a battery deposited in the safe deposit box has begun. In the case of induction charging, however, this is no longer necessary because the induction surface can be made larger than the one or more batteries to be charged. Thus, the lockers can also be designed as induction boxes in which, for example, 12 rechargeable batteries or more can be charged at the same time, and which merely have to be put into the locker.

The size of the lockers is matched to the average size of the battery and its corresponding charger, for example, as mentioned width 30cm x height 40cm x depth 50cm. Each battery in the system is equipped with a passive RFID transmitter, which can be glued on, for example, or a LoRa chip, if These can be smaller and can be easily welded to the battery. Each locker can also have an active RFI D reader, which can detect via a central GPS communicator, if a corresponding battery in sufficient proximity of the safe deposit box appears. Then the safe is automatically opened. As mentioned, the installation includes a communication app on the mobile phones 9 of the users 12, so that the users 12 can orient themselves via a reservation function and further information functions about the current state of the installation and the offer. In addition, their mobile phone 9 is connected to the GPS, so that the system knows where the individual users 12 are, if they have activated the app and communicate with the system. The app also makes it possible to perform any updates to the system online, such as integrating new to the plant changing stations or new batteries and changes and shifts of battery types per locker to integrate and open the communication with them and thus their use.

When a user 12 arrives at the change station to which he reserved a battery, the change station will recognize his battery via RFID reader or his mobile phone via, for example, Near Field Communication NFC or RFI D reader and open a locker, in which is the matching battery charger. The locker, where the battery is fully charged, opens when the empty or partially charged battery is properly connected and when using two lockers, one for the new one to load and one for the fully charged battery to be charged battery was closed again. Thus, the e-biker can connect his empty battery to the charging station in the locker and then remove the fully charged battery and close the locker afterwards and lock. This, however, is only possible if the system has previously confirmed that the charging process started with the empty or partially discharged battery. A locker with a horizontally extending hinge axis, whose locker door is hinged at the bottom, can be controlled by a Senor open as flap down. This is also the better solution, because a flip-down from top to bottom flap then provides a welcome storage space for the exchange of batteries. The application controls the choices on the basis of the data stored in the system: Each user and e-bikers has a user name known to the plant and a password. The system knows his e-bike, which he has announced via the app of the system, and the system thus knows the associated battery types, and other favorites for the selection process, the battery charging time per battery, the locker numbers, in which the corresponding batteries are located, and via the app, all locations of the change stations belonging to the system can be displayed on a map.

Further data is collected and stored when a battery is changed. Thus, it is recorded which e-biker reserved at which battery changing station how many batteries of which type for which time for pickup, which locker numbers contain these batteries, and when changing exactly when this change took place, from when the newly set battery is fully charged again, and the rechargeable batteries, which are displayed as fully charged in the network, are visible to all users. Such calculations are based on stored master data. Information is sent via program to location apps, such as LEMnet, so that route planning is possible. In remote areas, the choice of battery types is smaller, which is why this information is significant. The user should therefore be able to immediately see if and when which battery will be available. Accordingly, he can put together his route and reserve the necessary batteries for himself via the app, whereby the principle first comes first served applies, however, a reservation fee is charged and punishment fees a misuse is prevented. The longer a battery is reserved in advance, the higher the reservation fee will be. If a battery is not picked up within the selected time window, it will be released from the system again and will be made available to other users again. However, the user may extend an existing reservation by, for example, an hour or two or more, if he realizes that he will not be able to arrive at the changeover station at the time previously chosen. It is also possible to reserve a group of lockers for a rental company, a company, for e-biker groups, mountain railways, individuals, etc. for a specific or indefinite period, eg. Such customized settings can also be realized by the CyclOn system presented here. This system thus makes it possible that the e-bikers no longer manage their own batteries alone or use a single battery, but they only use the charges of a variety of batteries that are available to them. For this they do not need these batteries - they just need their electrical charge, just as the pantographs do not have the power network, but only have to have the rights to receive from the same electricity for a fee.

Such systems as presented and described herein may be operated by a non-profit association to ensure that old batteries wherever they are recognized by the system due to poor or reduced end load capacity are replaced. The club members can take over the coordination and the replacement of such batteries when cleaning and maintaining the individual exchange stations of the system. Such activities may also be organized by employment offices or municipalities, which may otherwise give unemployed people a welcome job.

The cost to operate such a system will decrease with increasing distribution of the associated change stations and their use. The proposed robust locker systems will be the first to be amortized, after which it will take years before maintenance or replacement is needed. For example, there are space for changing stations with associated lockers in the numerous empty spaces created by the digitization of the economy from former post offices and shops, or at restaurants that want to attract people, or at public transport bus stops and stations, or at suitable locations in cities and municipalities when they want to offer and operate small electric vehicles such as the BICAR vehicle or similar vehicles.

The currently large number of different battery types makes it impossible to use existing equipment. If an e-bike is changed, all batteries, charger plugs, etc. must be changed. The e-biker pays the bill so far, but he can not go anywhere with a different battery. First If, as suggested here, he can change the battery anywhere in his radius of action thanks to such a system, he becomes autonomous, so to speak. The implementation of such a system will in future favor e-bikes whose battery types are available at the changing stations of the plant and can be replaced there at any time. This is how the standardization is driven. Some e-bike shoppers are disappointed to see how much their battery's capacity decreases over time, especially when the bike is often left unused. A system as described offers the e-biker always good charged batteries, because they are much better, that is used by many. Because the purchase of new batteries is carried by many users, the purchase price is allocated to many users and thus cheaper. One pays only the use, namely the electric charge. Old, much-used batteries in the right conditions as operated with CyclOn are even better than new, not properly operated batteries. This has been accepted so far, simply because there were no such intelligent loading lockers as presented here, and the users could be made aware of them by means of sensors.

In addition, the entire battery level of a system and its exchange stations is always checked constantly and inadequate batteries can be immediately recognized and replaced, from which the user notices anything. He can always get a charged battery within easy reach and need not worry about the whole store and a place or place to shop.

Claims

Plant for the construction and operation of a nationwide network of rechargeable battery change stations for electric vehicles with removable batteries of all kinds and especially for electric bicycles, consisting of a variety of exchange stations, with a single exchange station includes a locker shelf (1), with a number lockers (2) for inserting different battery types (5) in the lockers, each locker (2) a power connector (8) with charging unit (6) for an induction charging or charging via cable connection for the respective battery types and a measuring device for Measuring the state of charge of a battery used, and that the individual exchange stations via a computer (CPU) with connection to the measuring devices and a wireless interface for communication with mobile phones (9) with appropriate app (10), so that the system and all their change stations via mobile app (10) with d en mobile telephones (9) can communicate, and wherein the change stations via the apps (10) with at least the following functions are manageable:

1 . Identification of the user (12) resp.

2. indication of the battery types currently available in a selectable change station and their number, as well as their state of charge;

3. Time when their full load has been reached or reached,

4. Reserve one or more batteries (5) during a time window against a reservation fee;

5. Coded automatic opening and closing of a particular shooting compartment (2) of a specific exchange station for replacement of the empty or partially charged battery (5) with a fully charged battery from associated lockers by an identified and authorized user (12),

6. Billing for each battery change or related battery capacity by loading a user account.

2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a part of the lockers are equipped with locker doors, which are posted at the bottom of the lockers on a horizontally extending hinge axis and are hinged to open down and thus form a shelf for changing its battery ,

3. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a part of the lockers (2) of the system or all are designed as induction charging boxes, in which one or more batteries by merely setting in without mechanical connection with charging cables are loadable.

4. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each locker (2) of the system with a socket, a charger, and a measuring device for determining the state of charge of the battery and electrical connections to a to the shelf (1) associated computer ( CPU) is equipped, in which computer the signals of the measuring devices are processed and which has an interface to the mobile phones (9) of all users (12).

5. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each locker (2) of the system is equipped with a central read head (reader / scanner) for QR, barcodes or RFIDs, as well as with a HEID push-button (16) for opening the Lockers (2), which can communicate with a chip of the user (12).

6. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the computers (CPU) of all exchange stations are connected to each other via the Internet, for the current exchange of data on their occupancy and the state of charge of their batteries.

7. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the computer (CPU) allows each exchange station via the Internet access to the account of each user (12), and after confirmation by the user (12) a debit from his bank, Postfinance or credit card account is feasible, and penalties directly on the designated account of the user (12) are chargeable.

8. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Schliessfacher (2) with a measuring device for the state of charge of a charged battery and the exchanged discharged or partially discharged batteries, and the measuring device with signal cables to the computer (CPU) of the shelf ( 1), so that by means of the computer (CPU) due to the charge difference a fee for the consumption of Watt hours calculable and the user (12) directly via the Internet his bank account, postal financial or credit card account or any other by the user (12) specified Account is resilient.

9. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the computers (CPU) of the individual exchange stations, the user behavior and statistics for the e-bike and e-bike battery market can be determined and evaluated.