WO2018087057A1

WO2018087057A1 - Movable base and method for transporting equipment

Info

Publication number: WO2018087057A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/078395
Authority: WO
Inventors: Nicolas DUPEYRON; Baptiste BRAULT
Original assignee: Excent France
Priority date: 2016-11-09
Filing date: 2017-11-07
Publication date: 2018-05-17
Also published as: ES2795277T3; CN110167868A; FR3058408B1; FR3058408A1; CN110167868B; US11377332B2; FR3058407B1; EP3455156B1; US20190284032A1; PT3455156T; FR3058407A1; EP3455156A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a movable base (2) for transporting equipment by land, in particular aeronautical equipment. The movable base (2) comprises a frame (120) including two side arms (122) designed to move parallel to one another and means (21) for rolling on the ground, which are connected to the frame (120). Each side arm (122) comprises lifting means (103) designed to move the equipment vertically and to tilt same between the side arms (122).

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of equipment for laying and removing an aircraft engine, particularly during a maintenance operation. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In a known manner, an aircraft comprises several engines that serve to propel the aircraft. An engine is a crucial technological equipment of an aircraft that needs to be periodically inspected accurately. For this purpose, it is necessary to disassemble the engine of the aircraft to control it (removal step) and then reassemble after the control (laying step).

The installation and removal steps are critical and complex because an engine can weigh several tons and its connection to the aircraft must be carried out with precision.

In the prior art, with reference to FIG. 1, in order to place a motor M on its aircraft, the motor M is first placed in a transport carriage 100 equipped with wheels in order to allow the motor M to move in a hangar. The transport carriage comprises a receiving cradle 101 in which the motor M is stably held. Then, the transport trolley 100 is raised by means of cables known to those skilled in the art under the English name "bootstrap" or by telescopic supports equipped with forks. In other words, it is necessary to have, on the one hand, a means of transport and, on the other hand, a lifting means.

In order to eliminate this logistical and financial inconvenience, it has been proposed, by the patent application DE3427042A1, a transport carriage incorporating lifting means. Such a transport trolley has a high cost since it integrates the lifting means. In addition, the cradle is suitable for only one type of engine and it is necessary, when possible, to provide adapters if a different engine must be supported, which increases the costs and the risk of errors.

The invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a new tool for the transport, installation and removal of an aircraft engine that can accelerate the rates of installation / removal while providing increased ergonomics and a limited cost. GENERAL PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a mobile base for the transport of equipment on the ground, in particular, aeronautical equipment, the mobile base comprises a frame comprising two lateral branches adapted to move parallel to each other so as to to change their spacing and ground bearing means connected to said frame, each side branch having lifting means configured to move vertically and tilt equipment located between said side branches. Thanks to the mobile base, many different types of equipment can be lifted and tilted between the side branches. The mobile base can advantageously move a motor positioned in a cradle but also a motor positioned in a transport carriage. The mobile base is universal and allows you to transport large and heavy equipment in a convenient way to put it on / off.

Preferably, the lifting means of a side branch comprise at least one lifting member extending towards the other of the two lateral branches. Thus, the lifting means can support laterally equipment, which facilitates its inclination. Preferably, the lifting member extends to a height of the ground of between 0 cm and 20 cm when the lifting means are lowered. Thus, the lifting member can slip into a cavity or a relief of the equipment to lift it in a practical way, even when the latter rests on the ground. Preferably, the lifting means are configured to achieve a vertical displacement of at least 100 cm.

Preferably, the lifting member has an L shape to extend to the low altitude to lift equipment.

Preferably, each lateral branch comprises at least two lifting members spaced from each other along the length of said lateral branch in order to distribute the lifting forces and facilitate the inclination.

More preferably, the frame has a U-shape defining a base and two lateral branches. A U-shape advantageously defines a cavity in which can be positioned equipment to lift. According to a preferred aspect, the lifting means of a lateral branch comprise at least two independent lifting mechanisms connected to said lateral branch so as to allow inclination. Preferably, each lifting mechanism comprises a force sensor so as to ensure the control of displacements.

According to one aspect of the invention, the base comprises fine displacement means, independent of the rolling means, configured to support the frame on the ground. Preferably, the fine displacement means comprise rolling balls, preferably integrated in the feet of the jack. Such fine displacement means allow to provide flexibility for the installation / removal of the equipment.

According to another aspect of the invention, the lifting means of each lateral branch comprise fine displacement means configured to provide flexibility during the installation / removal of the equipment. Thus, the lower part of the mobile base does not move, the flexibility is provided only in the upper part.

Preferably, when the lifting means are in the form of a lifting arm, the fine displacement means are located in the upper part of the lifting arm so as to provide flexibility as close as possible to the engine when it is pose and its removal. This advantageously allows the operators to have a game for laying / removal that can be used in a practical manner at the height of man.

Preferably, the fine displacement means comprise a plurality of rods configured to allow fine movement in several directions in the manner of a swing or a pendulum. Preferably, the connecting rods are configured to allow a displacement in the horizontal plane of at least 10 mm relative to an equilibrium position. Preferably, the ends of each connecting rod are connected by a ball joint.

Preferably, each connecting rod has a length of between 250mm and 450mm.

According to a preferred aspect, each lifting arm comprises a plate and lifting mechanisms connected to the ends of the plate by means of fine displacement, in particular, at least one connecting rod, preferably two connecting rods.

Preferably, each lifting arm comprises a plate and two lifting mechanisms connected to the ends of the plate, each lifting mechanism is connected to one end of the plate by two connecting rods. The invention also relates to a system for fine displacement of an equipment. The displacement system comprises at least one support member of said equipment and a frame, mobile or fixed, which is connected to said support member by at least three connecting rods having ball joints at their ends so as to allow a pendular support of said equipment in order to move it conveniently and ergonomically.

Preferably, the fine displacement system can be integrated in a mobile base as well as in other tools adapted to move or position a piece of equipment accurately.

Preferably, the side branches are configured to be spaced at least 200 cm, preferably at least 250 cm. Preferably, the minimum internal spacing is less than 160 cm to facilitate road transport on trailers. Indeed, the overall width is less than 250 cm to enter a flatbed truck.

The invention also relates to a method of transporting equipment by means of a mobile base as presented above, the method comprising:

a step of positioning the lateral branches of the frame so that the equipment is located between said lateral branches;

a step of approaching the lateral branches so as to cooperate with said equipment;

a step of lifting the equipment by the lifting means so that said equipment is supported by said mobile base, and

a step of moving said mobile base on the ground so as to move said equipment.

The transport is carried out in a secure manner by means of the mobile base which makes it possible to grasp the equipment before lifting and / or tilting it.

The invention also relates to an aircraft engine transport carriage comprising a cradle for receiving an aircraft engine and a mobile base adapted to support said receiving cradle and move it on the ground. The invention is remarkable in that the receiving cradle and the movable base are independent and adapted to be removably connected. Thus, advantageously, the receiving cradle can be used independently of the mobile base, in particular to temporarily store an aircraft engine. Similarly, the mobile base can be used independently of the receiving cradle to connect to another cradle connection. Advantageously for depositing a first aircraft engine and installing a second aircraft engine, it can be used two reception cradles but only a mobile base, which provides a financial and logistical gain. Preferably, the receiving cradle comprises a frame for receiving an aircraft engine and support legs adapted to elevate said frame relative to the ground. Thus, during the temporary storage of an engine, it is raised above the ground so as to be easily transported later by means of a lifting device or by means of the mobile base. In addition, this prevents the aircraft engine from being in contact with the ground dust.

More preferably, the support legs are adapted to move between a retracted transport position and a storage output position. Thus, the size of the receiving cradle is reduced when it is connected to the mobile base to allow the positioning of the transport carriage under a motor. When the receiving cradle is used independently, the support legs are deployed so as to increase the scale and thus the stability, which is advantageous given the mass of an aircraft engine.

Preferably, each support leg has a pivoting part. More preferably, each support leg has a sliding portion. Thus, each support leg can be retracted in the retracted position. Preferably, the receiving cradle comprises at least 3 feet, preferably 3 or 4.

According to a preferred aspect, the mobile base comprises lifting means configured to vertically move said receiving cradle so as to allow the installation and removal of the aircraft engine. In other words, the lifting means are integrated directly into the mobile base, which avoids the use of reported means. This is particularly advantageous since the base is independent of the receiving cradle. Thus, to handle several aircraft engines, it is not necessary to have several carriages with lifting means as in the prior art. Preferably, the lifting means are configured to achieve a vertical movement at least equal to 100cm. Preferably, the lifting means are adapted to be removably connected to said receiving cradle. Thus, the receiving cradle can be used independently and have a reduced cost since the lifting means belong to the mobile base.

According to one particular aspect, the lifting means comprise a plurality of lifting arms, preferably at least three lifting arms in order to lift a cradle in a balanced manner while allowing its inclination along 2 axes.

Preferably, each lifting arm is adapted to perform a "Scott Russel" type kinematical displacement, preferably by horizontal actuation. Thus, the vertical movement of the arm is high while having a limited space in height.

Preferably, the mobile base comprises a frame and rolling means on the ground. Thus, the mobile base can be simply moved. Preferably, the lifting means are attached to said frame. Preferably, the receiving cradle is configured to be connected to the mobile base in a first transport configuration and in a second lifting configuration. The connection between the receiving cradle and the mobile base is different depending on the use of the carriage. More preferably, the mobile base comprises damping means adapted to cooperate with the receiving cradle according to the first transport configuration. Thus, during transport, the vibrations are damped by the mobile base and are thus not transmitted to the aircraft engine. Preferably, the lifting means comprise connecting members adapted to cooperate with the receiving cradle according to the second lifting configuration. Preferably, only the lifting means are connected to the receiving cradle.

Preferably, the receiving cradle comprises support arms adapted to maintain a stable aircraft engine disposed in said receiving cradle. The invention also relates to an assembly of an aircraft engine and a transport carriage as presented above, the aircraft engine being arranged in the receiving cradle. The invention further relates to a method of transporting an aircraft engine by means of a transport carriage as presented above, the aircraft engine being arranged in the receiving cradle in a storage position, the method comprising:

a step of connecting the mobile base with the receiving cradle so that said reception cradle is supported by said mobile base, and

- A step of moving said mobile base on the ground so as to move the aircraft engine disposed in the receiving cradle.

Thus, the receiving cradle can be used independently to support an aircraft engine, which is advantageous. The mobile base can thus be used with several receiving cradles and connected / connected to a receiving cradle only during transport and lifting.

Preferably, the method comprises a step of lifting said receiving cradle by said mobile base so as to allow the installation of the aircraft engine. Thus, the transport trolley can lift an engine without additional technical means.

PRESENTATION OF FIGURES

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example, and referring to the appended drawings in which:

- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an aircraft engine transport carriage according to the prior art;

- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an aircraft engine transport carriage according to the invention comprising a movable base and a receiving cradle which are disconnected;

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an aircraft engine transport trolley according to the invention comprising a mobile base and a receiving cradle which are connected;

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a receiving cradle in the transport position (FIG. 4) and in the storage position (FIG. 5); - Figure 6 is a schematic close representation of a support arm of a receiving cradle;

- Figures 7 and 8 show a movable base in the transport position (Figure 7) and in the lifting position (Figure 8); and

- Figures 9 and 10 show a second embodiment of a receiving cradle;

- Figures 1 1-1 1 F represent steps of storage, transport and lifting of an aircraft engine by means of a transport carriage according to the invention.

Figures 12-14 show a second embodiment of a movable base 2; - Figure 15 shows an end of a side branch of the movable base according to the second embodiment;

- Figure 16 shows a cylinder base comprising rolling balls;

Fig. 17 is a schematic representation of a lifting member of the movable base according to the second embodiment;

- Figure 18 is a schematic representation of the movable base according to the second embodiment prior to the lifting of a motor;

- Figure 19 is a schematic representation of the movable base according to the second embodiment when lifting and orientation of a motor;

Figs. 20A-20F show steps of moving an engine on a truck bed by means of a movable base according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 21 is a perspective representation of a mobile base including means for fine displacement in the upper part,

FIG. 22 is a close-up representation of the end displacement means of FIG. 21,

- Figure 23 is a schematic representation of the pendular support by the fine displacement means.

It should be noted that the figures disclose the invention in detail to implement the invention, said figures can of course be used to better define the invention where appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF ONE OR MORE MODES OF REALIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

Referring to Figures 2 and 3, there is shown a transport carriage C of aircraft engine M according to one embodiment of the invention. As will be described in detail later, such a transport trolley C makes it possible to carry out in a practical and reliable manner stages of transport, installation and removal of an aircraft engine M while limiting the costs related to logistics. As a reminder, an aircraft engine M may have a high mass, of the order of 2 tons to 7 tons, and must be mounted accurately and controlled on an aircraft. The invention will be presented for the transport of an engine but it applies for the transport of any equipment, including aeronautics.

The transport carriage C comprises a reception cradle 1 of an aircraft engine M and a mobile base 2 which are removably connected. Thus, the reception cradle 1 and the mobile base 2 can be used independently. In particular, an operator may have a plurality of receiving cradles 1 to receive a plurality of aircraft engines M and have only a single mobile base 2 to move the receiving cradles 1 during the laying steps and removal.

The dimensions of the transport trolley C are adapted to have a vertical footprint of less than 60 cm so as to be slid under a motor M mounted to an aircraft whose hoods thrust reversers are open.

Subsequently, with reference to FIG. 3, the transport carriage C will be presented in a reference (X, Y, Z) in which the X axis extends longitudinally from back to front, the Y axis 'extends laterally from left to right and the Z axis extends vertically from bottom to top.

Referring more particularly to Figure 3, the receiving cradle 1 comprises a frame 10 on which are mounted support arms January 1 and support rods 12 to maintain a motor M optimally. In this embodiment, the frame 10 is in the form of a mechanically welded structure, in particular mechanical, which has a high mechanical strength so as to withstand a mass of several tons. The support arms January 1 are pivotally mounted relative to the frame 10 so as to facilitate the release of the motor M during a laying / removal operation as will be presented later. In this embodiment, each support arm January 1 comprises at its upper end a clamping jaw to block the position of the motor M.

Referring to Figure 6, the support arms January 1 are articulated on the frame 10 about a longitudinal axis of articulation so as to retract during the installation / removal of the motor M to release it from the 'space. It goes without saying that the number and shape of support arms January 1 and support rods 12 may vary depending on the motor M to support.

In this embodiment, the receiving cradle 1 further comprises support legs 13 adapted to raise the frame 10 of said cradle 1 with respect to the floor, preferably with a vertical height of between 30 cm and 70 cm. preferably between 40 cm and 60 cm, preferably in the order of 50 cm. Such support legs 13 advantageously make it possible to raise the motor M in order to place the mobile base 2 under the receiving cradle 1 to transport it. In addition, the motor M is protected from dust or other pollutants from the ground. As illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5, the receiving cradle 1 comprises four support legs 13 which are mounted on the frame 10. In this example, the receiving cradle 1 comprises two pairs of support legs 13 (a front pair and a rear pair) but it goes without saying that the number and position of the support legs 13 could be different.

Advantageously, the support legs 13 are retractable relative to the frame 10 between a retracted position and an extended position. In the retracted position, as illustrated in Figure 4, the support legs 13 extend horizontally close to the frame 10 to have a minimum footprint. In the extended position, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the support legs 13 extend vertically to move the frame 10 away from the ground. In the output position, the support legs 13 are also configured to deviate from the center of the frame 10 so as to move the support legs 13 away from each other and thus improve the stability.

In this example, with reference to Figure 5, each support foot 13comporte a spacer element 131 which is slidably mounted in the frame 13 to allow to separate the support foot 13 in the extended position as previously presented. Preferably, the spacer element 131 is adapted to slide laterally along the Y axis. Each support leg 13 further comprises a hinged stand 130 adapted to pivot relative to its spacer element 131 between the retracted position and exit.

With reference to FIG. 3, the receiving cradle 1 further comprises sleeves 16 integral with the frame 10 and configured to allow insertion of a lifting fork in order to move said cradle 1. Referring to Figure 3, the sleeves 16 extend laterally in the receiving cradle 1 along the Y axis. It goes without saying that the receiving cradle 1 could also include lifting rings to be moved by means of a hook. Preferably, a receiving cradle 1 is specific to each aircraft engine M in order to support it optimally. It goes without saying that adaptation elements could also be provided to adapt a reception cradle 1 of standard form to a plurality of aircraft engines M.

Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the movable base 2 comprises a framework of substantially parallelepipedal shape which has a high mechanical strength so as to withstand a mass of several tons. The frame 20 is preferably metallic. The mobile base 2 comprises rolling means which are, in this example, in the form of four wheels 21 (a front pair and a rear pair). Thus, the mobile base 2 can be moved by rolling on the ground. Preferably, the wheels 21 are equipped with brakes in order to be able to immobilize the mobile base 2 in a secure manner. It goes without saying that other rolling means could be suitable, including omni-directional wheels type mechanum.

In this embodiment, the mobile base 2 has at its front end a drawbar 22 to allow the mobile base 2 to be towed. Nevertheless, the mobile base 2 could also include autonomous movement means such as a motor.

Similar to the receiving cradle 1, the mobile base 2 comprises sleeves 26 secured to the frame 20 and configured to allow the insertion of a lifting fork to move the movable base 2. With reference to FIGS. 8, the sleeves 26 extend laterally in the mobile base 2 along the Y axis. It goes without saying that the mobile base 2 could also include lifting rings to be moved by means of a hook.

Still with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, the mobile base 2 further comprises lifting means configured to vertically move said receiving cradle 1 relative to the frame 20 of said mobile base 2 so as to allow the installation and removal of the aircraft engine M.

In this embodiment, the lifting means are in the form of three lifting arms 3 configured to raise the receiving cradle 1 vertically. In this example, each lift arm 3 is configured to perform a "Scott Russel" kinematics movement to allow a large vertical displacement by realization of a horizontal control stroke which limits the overall size in height. Nevertheless, it goes without saying that other kinematics could be suitable, in particular, a scissors kinematics. As illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, each lifting arm 3 comprises a first element 31 whose lower end is slidable longitudinally and adapted to articulate on the framework 20 along a lateral axis of articulation and a second element 32, one of which upper end is articulated to the first element 31 along a lateral axis of articulation and whose lower end is articulated on the framework 20 so as to guide the dressing of the first element 31. Preferably, the lower end of the first element 31 is equipped with a wheel to facilitate its longitudinal movement. In this example, each lifting arm 3 further comprises a motor configured to move the lower end of the first element 31 and, consequently, the rise / fall of said lifting arm 3. Each motor can be controlled by an operator, preferably, by means of a remote control.

Advantageously, each lifting arm 3 can be controlled independently in order to vertically lift the receiving cradle 1 but also to tilt it in the 2 axes in order to facilitate a laying and removal operation. Such a degree of freedom makes it possible to facilitate the orientation of the motor M. In this embodiment, the displacement means are configured to achieve a vertical displacement of at least 100 cm, preferably at least 150 cm. Furthermore, the degree of permitted inclination is of the order of +/- 5 ° about the longitudinal axis X is ⁰ +/- 10 around the lateral axis Y.

Each lifting arm 3 further comprises a connecting member 5 to the receiving cradle 1 which will be presented later.

In this embodiment, the receiving cradle 1 is adapted to connect to the mobile base 2 according to two different types of connection depending on the mode of use of the transport carriage C. The two types of connection allow a removable connection between the reception cradle 1 and the mobile base 2.

The receiving cradle 1 is adapted to connect to the mobile base 2 according to a first type of connection during the transport of a motor M. For this purpose, with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, the mobile base 2 comprises means of which are in the form of a plurality of damping members 4 mounted on the frame 20 of the mobile base 2 and configured to damp the relative displacements between the receiving cradle 1 and the mobile base 2. Preferably, each damping member 4 is in the form of an elastomer or of a suspension. Preferably, the receiving cradle 1 comprises four damping members 4 in order to achieve optimum damping, stall the motor M and limit its lateral deflection. The movable base 2 comprises two front damping members 4 comprising an inclined wall in order to allow a wedging and centering of the receiving cradle 1. The mobile base 2 further comprises two rear damping members4b adapted to extend externally to the receiving cradle 1 in the transport position and thus limit its lateral deflection.

The receiving cradle 1 comprises primary connection means configured to cooperate with the damping means of the mobile base 2. In this example, with reference to FIG. 3, the primary connection means comprise two primary connection members 14 presenting each in the form of an inclined wedge. Each primary connection member 14 is fixed to the frame 10 of the receiving cradle 1 and adapted to correspond with the rear damping members 4 of the mobile base 2 when the receiving cradle 1 is placed in the mobile base 2. The part rear of the receiving cradle 1 is also maintained laterally between the rear damping members 4b. The reception cradle 1 is thus securely supported in order to prevent the transmission of vibrations from the mobile base 2 to the reception cradle 1. The cooperation of the inclined walls advantageously allows a self-centering of the receiving cradle 1 in the mobile base 2. The receiving cradle 1 is adapted to connect to the mobile base 2 according to a second type of connection when lifting an engine Mr.

For this purpose, with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, the mobile base 2 comprises, at the end of each lifting arm 3, a connecting member 5 configured to cooperate with secondary connection means of the receiving cradle 1. In this example, the connecting member 5 is in the form of a ball joint so as to allow a tilting play between the receiving cradle 1 and the mobile base 2, which makes it possible to offer flexibility when lifting and allow tilts. In this example, with reference to FIG. 3, the secondary connection means comprise three secondary connection members 15 each in the form of a wall vertically adapted to be moved vertically from bottom to top. Each secondary connection member 15 is fixed to the frame 10 of the receiving cradle 1 and adapted to correspond with the connecting members 5 of the lifting arms 3. Advantageously, when handling the receiving cradle 1, the all the ball joints make it possible to control the inclination of the reception cradle 1. In addition, such ball joints facilitate the self-centering of the receiving cradle 1 in the mobile base 2. Preferably, the connection of the lifting arms 3 with the receiving cradle 1 forms a bond of Boys or the like in order to get an isostatic connection. Preferably, each lifting arm 3 is equipped with at least one force sensor in order to measure, limit and / or record the forces applied to each lifting arm 3.

Advantageously, the same mobile base 2 can cooperate with any receiving cradle 1 comprising such connection means. In other words, the same mobile base 2 can connect universally to different types of receiving cradle 1, the support arms January 1 and the support rods 12 have different characteristics to accommodate different motors M.

A second embodiment of a receiving cradle 1 is described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. The references used to describe the elements of structure or function that are identical, equivalent or similar to those of the elements of FIG. 3 are the same, for simplify the description. Moreover, the entire description of the embodiment of FIG. 2 is not repeated, this description being applied to the elements of FIGS. 9 and 10 when there are no incompatibilities. Only notable differences, structural and functional, are described.

Referring to Figures 9 and 10, there is shown a second embodiment of a receiving cradle 1, the support arms 1 1 are retractable so as to extend in the plane of the frame 10 in the retracted position as shown in FIG. 10. In particular, the support arms 11 are adapted to bend along the length of the frame 10. Similarly, the connecting rods 12 are also retractable so as to extend in the plane of the frame. 10 in the retracted position as shown in Figure 10. In particular, the rods 12 are adapted to bend according to the width of the frame 10. The receiving cradle 1 also comprises support legs 13 in the form of retractable crutches. In this second embodiment, the receiving cradle 1 has a simplified structure and comprises neither sleeves nor primary connection means. In order to allow its movement by a mobile base 2, the receiving cradle 1 comprises secondary connection means comprising a plurality of lifting supports, in particular four to allow a balanced lifting. The secondary connection means comprise a vertical wall, separated from the ground, so as to be lifted vertically by the mobile base 2.

In this second embodiment, the frame 10 comprises, at one end, lifting supports in the form of hollow tubes 17 whose opening is oriented laterally and, at a second end, lifting supports are presenting in the form of a flat wall18. The lifting supports are configured to retract into the framework 10 in the rest position and to deploy, in particular during the lifting and / or the support of a motor M. Preferably, the hollow tubes 17 are slidably mounted in the frame 10 while the flat walls 18 are hinged. In the rest position, a plurality of unused reception cradles 1 can be stacked in order to limit their bulk.

It will now be presented a method of replacing a first aircraft engine with a second aircraft engine in an aircraft by means of the transport carriage C according to the invention.

Firstly, the transport trolley C is in the transport position, the receiving cradle 1 being mounted on the damping means of the mobile base 2. The transport trolley C is empty and is positioned under the nacelle of the trolley. aircraft to which the aircraft engine to be replaced is suspended (hereinafter referred to as the first engine M1).

Advantageously, the transport carriage C has a reduced vertical dimension, less than 60 cm, which allows it to slip conveniently under many types of motors M with the covers open.

Once in position, the connection between the receiving cradle 1 and the mobile base 2 is changed. Indeed, during transport, the receiving cradle 1 rests on the damping members 4 to dampen shocks and vibrations. In view of the removal operation, the connecting members 5 of the lifting arms 3 of the mobile base 2 are connected to the secondary connection members 15 of the receiving cradle 1. For this purpose, the lifting arms 3 are controlled so as to raise the receiving cradle 1. The weight of the receiving cradle 1 is then supported by the lifting arms 3.

Then, the lifting arms 3 of the mobile base 2 are again mounted by the operator, in particular by means of a remote control, so that the receiving cradle 1 is moved vertically upwards close to the first one. M1 engine. The support arms 1 1 and the support rods 12 of the receiving cradle 1 are then positioned on the first motor M1 in order to maintain it. The connection between the receiving cradle 1 and the mobile base 2 provides flexibility for positioning, which facilitates removal. Indeed, thanks to the lifting arms 3, the receiving cradle 1 can be inclined slightly around the X and Y axes. Then, the first motor M1 is disconnected from the aircraft to be supported by the transport carriage C. The weight of the first motor M1 is then supported by the mobile base 2 via the lifting arms 3. Advantageously, the control of the charge transfer is ensured by the force sensors.

The first motor M1 is then lowered by the lifting arms 3 so that the receiving cradle 1 rests on the damping members 4 of the mobile base 2 in order to be transported away from the aircraft without hitch. In this example, the first motor M1 is moved, thanks to its wheels 21, in a shed for revision. The vibrations during transport are advantageously damped by the damping members 4.

Once the transport carriage C, supporting the first motor M1, has arrived at its destination, the lifting arms 3 are mounted so that the weight of the receiving cradle 1 is supported by the lifting arms 3. The feet support 13 of the receiving cradle 1 are then deployed and the lifting arms 3 are lowered so that the support legs 13 rest on the ground. The weight of the first motor M1 is then supported by the support legs 13. During their descent, the lifting arms 3 are automatically disconnected from the cradle 1.

The weight of the first motor M1 is then no longer supported by the mobile base 2 which can then be removed. It is translated longitudinally to release the receiving cradle 1 and the first motor M1 can then stored independently. With reference to FIGS. 11A and 11B, the mobile base 2 can then be moved to another receiving cradle 1 supporting the new engine to be installed on the aircraft (designated second engine M2). As illustrated in FIG. 11B, the mobile base 2 is slid under the receiving cradle 1 of the second motor M2, then the lifting arms 3 are mounted so that the weight of the second motor M2 is no longer supported by the support legs 13 but by the mobile base 2. The support legs 13 are then retracted in the retracted position and the lifting arms 3 are then lowered so that the receiving cradle 1 rests on the damping members 4 so to move the second motor M2 under the nacelle of the aircraft as shown in Figuresl 1 C and 1 1 D.

Once in position, the connecting means between the receiving cradle 1 and the mobile base 2 are modified, the lifting arms 3 of the mobile base 2 are deployed so as to lift the second motor M2 to suspend it to the nacelle as illustrated in Figure 1 1 E. After placing the second motor M2, the support arms 12 are retracted and the receiving cradle 1 is lowered so as to limit its size and facilitate removal of the transport carriage C. Advantageously, the mobile base 2 is equipped with fine positioning means in order to enable the second motor M2 to be moved without effort and thus to achieve the optimum pose. In this example, with reference to FIG. 11F, the fine positioning means are in the form of blowing members 27 arranged under the mobile base 2 so as to form air cushions under the mobile base 2. It goes without saying that other fine positioning means could be suitable, in particular, bearing bearing balls or elastomeric plates.

Thanks to the invention, a single mobile base 2 is used to move the two motors M1, M2, which provides a financial and logistical gain. In addition, the motors that are not transported advantageously remain in a receiving cradle 1, which allows their transport by other equipment, including a forklift. In addition, the transport carriage 1 comprises its own lifting means, which limits the number of equipment necessary for the installation and removal of an aircraft engine M1, M2. Advantageously, it can be proposed a range of reception cradles 1 in order to be able to correspond to each type of aircraft engine M while being able to be connected from universal way to a mobile base 2. It is no longer necessary to have laying means for each type of engine.

The transport of an aircraft engine is thus simple, fast, economical and reliable. Such advantages make it possible to limit the duration of the installation and removal operations, which limits the duration of immobilization of an aircraft, the usefulness of use of an aircraft is then greatly improved.

Such a transport carriage C advantageously improves the rates of installation / removal for many aeronautical stakeholders, including aircraft manufacturers, airlines, repair companies (MRO), engine manufacturers, nacelle specialists, etc. The transport carriage C is transportable by plane, helicopter, train or by road with or without engine. The cradle 1 is also transportable by road and air transport, for this purpose additional dampers may be necessary.

A second embodiment of a mobile base 2 is described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 17. The references used to describe the elements of structure or function which are identical, equivalent or similar to those of the elements of FIGS. 7-8 are the same, to simplify the description. Moreover, the entire description of the embodiment of Figures 7-8 is not repeated, this description applies to the elements of Figures 12 to 17 when there are no incompatibilities. Only notable differences, structural and functional, are described. As illustrated in Figures 12 to 17, the movable base 2 comprises a frame 120 which has a high mechanical strength so as to withstand a mass of several tons. The frame 120 has a U-shape and defines a body 121 and two lateral branches 122 adapted to move parallel to each other. In a manner analogous to that previously, the mobile base 2 comprises rolling means, in particular wheels 21 as illustrated in FIG. 15. In addition, the mobile base 2 is equipped with fine positioning means in order to make it possible to move without effort. the frame 120 and provide flexibility when installing / removing equipment. Preferably, fine positioning means are distributed on the lower surface of the frame 120, in particular near the rolling means. In this example, with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16, the fine positioning means comprise a jack base 127 adapted to lift the frame 120 relative to the ground, in particular, so that the rolling means are no longer in contact with the ground. With reference to FIG. 16, the fine positioning means further comprise rolling balls 128 mounted in the jack foot 127 so as to allow a bearing of the framework 120 during the laying / removal when the jack feet 127 are deployed. .

According to another aspect of the invention, with reference to FIG. 21, the lifting means of each lateral branch 122 comprise fine displacement means 129 configured to provide flexibility during the installation / removal of the equipment. Thus, the lower part of the mobile base 2 does not move, the flexibility is provided only in the upper part. With reference to FIGS. 21 and 22, the fine displacement means 129 are situated at the upper part of the lifting arm 103 so as to provide flexibility as close as possible to the motor during its installation and removal. Each lifting arm 103 comprises a plate 105 and lifting mechanisms 104 connected to the ends of the plate 105 by the fine displacement means 129. In this example, the fine displacement means 129 comprise a plurality of rods 1290 configured to allow a fine movement in several directions like a swing or a pendulum. Each end of the plate 105 is connected to the lifting mechanism 104 by two links 1290. The ends of each connecting rod 1290 are connected to the plate 105 and the lifting mechanism 104 by a ball joint. The rods with ball 1290 allow a flexible movement in several directions to optimally orient the motor while being supported by the plate 105. Preferably, each rod 1290 has a length between 250 and 450 mm, preferably order of 350 mm. Advantageously, an equilibrium position is obtained naturally because of gravity. It is not necessary to use lifting cylinders or inclinometers. The system is advantageously mechanical and passive, which reduces the risk of malfunction. In addition, the integration of the connecting rods 1290 makes it possible to maintain a compact mobile base 2.

It goes without saying that the lifting means could comprise only three rods 1290 to allow an isostatically pendulum support adapted to support an eccentric load relative to the center of gravity. The use of four rods 1290 advantageously makes it possible to increase the rigidity.

With reference to FIG. 23, during the support of an engine by the lifting members 106, a load F is applied to the plate 105 and transmitted to the lifting mechanisms 104 by means of the connecting rods 1290 in order to provide a pendular support. . In this example, each end of the plate 105 is connected to the lifting mechanism 104 by a connecting rod 1290 working in tension and a connecting rod 1290 working in compression. This advantageously allows the operators to have a game for laying / removal that can be used in a practical manner at the height of man. In practice, a device of 7t can be moved in the horizontal plane of 15mm with respect to the equilibrium position.

In this second embodiment, the movable base 2 is remarkable in that the lateral branches 122 of the frame 120 are configured to move relative to one another so as to modify their spacing in order to grasp a piece of equipment. and lift it. In this example, the lateral branches 122 remain parallel during their movements. Preferably, the spacing between the lateral branches 122 varies between 200 cm and 250 cm.

In this embodiment, the two lateral branches 122 of the frame 120 are movable relative to the body 121 of the frame 120, but it goes without saying that only a lateral branch 122 could be movable. Preferably, the body 121 is hollow and comprises equipment for moving and controlling the lateral branches (motor, radio communication module, batteries, etc.).

In a similar manner to the first embodiment, the mobile base 2 comprises lifting means configured to move vertically and incline an equipment relative to the frame 120 so as to allow the installation and removal of said equipment.

In this second embodiment, each lateral arm 122 comprises lifting means. With reference to FIGS. 12 to 13, each lateral arm 122 comprises

a lift arm 103 configured to lift equipment. In this example, each lifting arm 103 can be raised and inclined in the vertical plane in which the lateral arm 122 of the frame 120 extends.

With reference to FIG. 13, each lifting arm 103 comprises a plate 105 connected at its ends to lifting mechanisms 104. In this example, each lifting mechanism 104 is configured to perform a kinematic movement in scissors or half-scissors. .

As illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, each lifting mechanism 104 comprises a first element 141 and a second element 142 and a displacement cylinder for raising / lowering an end of the plate 105. Each displacement cylinder can be controlled by an operator, preferably by means of a remote control. Advantageously, each lifting arm 103 can be controlled independently in order to lift a device vertically but also to tilt it in the 2 axes in order to facilitate a laying and removal operation as illustrated in FIG. In this second embodiment, the displacement means are configured to achieve a vertical displacement of at least 100 cm, preferably at least 150 cm. Furthermore, the degree of permitted inclination is of the order of +/- 5 ⁰ around the longitudinal axis X is ⁰ +/- 10 around the lateral axis Y. In this second embodiment, each arm Lifting device 103 further comprises lifting members 106 of equipment, similar to forks. Referring to Figure 12, two lifting members 106 are positioned on the plate 105 and protrude into the cavity of the U whose frame 120 has the shape. Preferably, the longitudinal spacing between the lifting members 106 of the same lifting arm 103 is adjustable. Thus, the connecting members 106 can cooperate with equipment positioned between the side branches 122.

Referring more particularly to Figure 17, the lifting member 106 is secured to the plate 105 and has on its upper surface a coating 161 adapted to not damage the equipment to be grasped, preferably an elastomeric coating. Preferably, the lifting member 106 has on its lower surface rolling means 162 to allow displacement of the lifting member 106 on a flat surface, which is particularly advantageous for the loading of a truck like this will be presented later. Preferably, with reference to FIG. 17, the lifting member 106 extends laterally projecting over a distance I of between 10 cm and 20 cm. More preferably, the lifting member extends to a height of the ground between 0 cm and 20 cm when the lifting means are lowered.

It goes without saying that the mobile base 2 could also include damping means as presented above.

With reference to FIGS. 18 to 19, a motor M is positioned on a receiving cradle 1 according to the second embodiment of the invention. The movable base 2 is moved on the ground so that the lateral branches 122 extend outwardly to the receiving cradle 1, that is to say, until the receiving cradle 1 extends into the cradle 1. the cavity of the U whose frame 120 has the shape. The lateral branches 122 of the frame 120 are then brought together so that the lifting members 106 cooperate with the lifting supports 17, 18 of the receiving cradle 1. The lifting arms 103 are then activated so as to raise the cradle 1. The weight of the motor M is then carried by the mobile base 2 which can be moved close to the aircraft. Once in position at the place of assembly, the fine positioning means are activated. The jack feet 127 are lowered so as to raise the frame 120 above the ground and position it on the bearing balls 128. The frame 120 can then be moved effortlessly by operators in order to mount the motor M of Precise way and with flexibility in an open platform engine mast. Moreover, each lifting mechanism 104 is independently activated in order to precisely orient the motor M.

Advantageously, the spacing capacity of the side branches 122 can carry cradles, trolleys and equipment of various sizes. In addition, such a mobile base 2 of simple design makes it possible to avoid any interference with the hoods of the nacelle of the aircraft.

The mobile base 2, according to the second embodiment of the invention, is particularly advantageous for loading equipment, including a motor, on a truck in the absence of loading dock.

Referring to Figures 20A, there is shown a truck having a loading tray P which extends to a height of about 100 cm from the ground. To load the motor M, the mobile base 2, whose side branches 122 are spaced apart, moves the motor M with its lifting arms 103 in the horizontal high position so as to introduce the tray P of the truck between the lateral branches 122 and under the cradle 1 of the motor M as shown in Figure 20B.

The lateral branches 122 of the frame 120 are then brought together so that the lifting members 106 extend above the plate P. Then, the lifting arms 103 are lowered so that the lifting members On the other hand, as a result of the support of the lifting members 106 and the bringing together of the lifting arms 103 of the frame 120, the frame 120 rises above the ground as illustrated in Figure 20C. With the cradle 1 resting on the plate P, the lifting supports 17 are retracted to allow the lateral branches 122 of the frame 120 to be brought together to extend above the plate as illustrated in FIG. 20D. Then the lateral branches 22 are brought together so that the mobile base 2 extends on the plate P as shown in FIG. 20E. In other words, the motor M and the mobile base 2 can be mounted from the ground on a truck plate P without effort and without risk for the motor M.

Advantageously, the motor M can then be moved by the mobile base 2 on the plate P securely so as to store, in the same truck, a plurality of motors M as shown in Figure 20F.

It has been presented the installation of an engine in its cradle by the mobile base 2 but it is obvious that other equipment could be moved by the mobile base 2, including a landing gear, etc. In addition, the mobile base 2 is adapted to move an engine placed in a transport carriage according to the prior art, the lifting members 106 cooperating with the sleeves of said transport carriage.

Claims

1. Mobile base (2) for the transport of ground equipment, in particular, aeronautical equipment, the mobile base (2) comprises a frame (120) comprising two lateral branches (122) adapted to move parallel to one another. relative to each other so as to vary their spacing and ground bearing means (21) connected to said frame (120), each side branch (122) having lifting means (103) configured to move vertically and tilting equipment located between said side branches (122), the lifting means (103) being in the form of a lifting arm, each lifting arm having a plate (105) and lifting mechanisms (104) connected at the ends of the plate (105) by fine displacement means (129) configured to provide flexibility during installation / removal of the equipment.

2. movable base (2) according to claim 1, wherein the lifting means (103) of a lateral branch (122) comprise at least one lifting member (106) extending towards the other of the two lateral branches (122).

3. movable base (2) according to claim 2, wherein the lifting member (106) extends to a height (h) of the ground between 0 cm and 15 cm when the lifting means (103) are lowered .

4. movable base (2) according to one of claims 2 and 3, wherein each lateral branch (122) comprises at least two lifting members (106) spaced apart from each other along the length of said side branch (122).

5. Mobile base (2) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the frame (120) has a U-shaped defining a body (121) and two lateral branches (122).

6. movable base (2) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lifting means (103) of a side branch (122) comprise at least two independent lifting mechanisms (104) connected to said side branch (122) so as to allow inclination.

7. Mobile base (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, comprising fine displacement means (127) independent of the rolling means (21), configured to support the frame (120) on the ground.

8. movable base (2) according to claim 7, wherein the fine displacement means (127) comprise rolling balls (128).

9. Mobile base (2) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the lateral branches (122) are configured to be spaced at least 200 cm, preferably at least 250 cm.

10. movable base (2) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fine displacement means (129) comprise a plurality of rods (1290) configured to allow fine movement in several directions in the manner of a swing or pendulum.

11. Mobile base (2) according to claim 10, wherein the connecting rods (129) are configured to allow a displacement in the horizontal plane of at least 10 mm relative to an equilibrium position.

12. Mobile base (2) according to one of claims 10 to 1 1, wherein the ends of each connecting rod (1290) are connected by a ball joint.

13. Mobile base (2) according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein each rod (1290) has a length between 250mm and 450mm.

14. Mobile base (2) according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein each lifting arm comprises a plate (105) and two lifting mechanisms (104) connected to the ends of the plate (105), each lifting mechanism (104) is connected to one end of the plate (105) by two connecting rods (1290).

15. A method of transporting (C) equipment using a mobile base (2) according to one of claims 1 to 14, the method comprising:

- A step of positioning the lateral branches (122) of the frame (120) so that the equipment is located between said lateral branches (122);

a step of approaching the lateral branches (122) so as to cooperate with said equipment;

a step of lifting the equipment by the lifting means (103) so that said equipment is supported by said mobile base (2), and a step of moving said mobile base (2) on the ground so as to move said equipment.