WO2017116333A1 - A charging system for wireless charging of electric vehicles and an electric vehicle operating suitably with this system - Google Patents

A charging system for wireless charging of electric vehicles and an electric vehicle operating suitably with this system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017116333A1
WO2017116333A1 PCT/TR2015/050306 TR2015050306W WO2017116333A1 WO 2017116333 A1 WO2017116333 A1 WO 2017116333A1 TR 2015050306 W TR2015050306 W TR 2015050306W WO 2017116333 A1 WO2017116333 A1 WO 2017116333A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
road
vertical
vehicle
charging
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2015/050306
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Abdurrahman AYYILDIZ
Original Assignee
Gebze Teknik Universitesi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebze Teknik Universitesi filed Critical Gebze Teknik Universitesi
Publication of WO2017116333A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017116333A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M7/00—Power lines or rails specially adapted for electrically-propelled vehicles of special types, e.g. suspension tramway, ropeway, underground railway
    • B60M7/003—Power lines or rails specially adapted for electrically-propelled vehicles of special types, e.g. suspension tramway, ropeway, underground railway for vehicles using stored power (e.g. charging stations)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/005—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles without mechanical contact between the collector and the power supply line
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/32—Constructional details of charging stations by charging in short intervals along the itinerary, e.g. during short stops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/68—Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M7/00—Power lines or rails specially adapted for electrically-propelled vehicles of special types, e.g. suspension tramway, ropeway, underground railway
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
    • B60L2240/62—Vehicle position
    • B60L2240/622—Vehicle position by satellite navigation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/147—Emission reduction of noise electro magnetic [EMI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a charging system which enables wireless charging of electric vehicles and an electric vehicle operating suitably with said system.
  • the invention is particularly related to a charging system which charges the vehicle by means of the magnetic field created and returns the magnetic field created back to the network when the vehicle is present or not present and an electric vehicle operating suitably with this system.
  • Electric energy is seen as the best alternative for vehicles that operate with fossil fuels as it is environment friendly and renewable.
  • Motor land vehicles that operate with electric energy basically comprise an engine which operates with electric energy and a battery which supplies the energy required by the engine to said engine.
  • the most important problem of these systems is that the battery needs to be charged.
  • the batteries are either charged via wire by being connected to an electricity source, or by wireless charging by means of the developed technology.
  • the basic logic of wireless charging systems is to form a magnetic field using electric energy and to charge a vehicle by providing the required electric energy to be obtained from this magnetic field by keeping the vehicle that is to be charged inside said magnetic field.
  • the aim of this invention is to provide a charging system which enables wireless charging of electric vehicles and an electric vehicle which operates in compliance with said system.
  • Another aim of this invention is to provide a charging system which charges a vehicle with the magnetic field created and which returns the created energy back to the network when the vehicle is present or not present in said magnetic field in order to prevent electric wastage, and to provide an electric vehicle which suitably operates with this system.
  • the charging system provided in order to reach the aims of this invention comprises;
  • a transformer core preferably positioned beside the charging lane located on the road, shaped like the letter L, wherein one arm is embedded into the ground under the charging lane, and the other arm is positioned at the edge of the road, such that it is vertical to the road, having a bottom protrusion, at the end of the arm that is embedded to the road wherein said protrusion is vertical to said arm, and a top protrusion at the end of the arm that is vertical to the ground, which is biased towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to said arm, wherein said core captures the magnetic field that is created by the current cable over which the electric current is transferred, and passes this magnetic current from the bottom protrusion that is vertical to the arm being located at the end of the arm that is embedded into the ground, to the top protrusion which is inclined towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to the arm being located at the end of the arm that is vertical to the road,
  • the electric vehicle which operates in compliance with said charging system comprises;
  • a horizontal charging section comprising metal cross sections that are aligned in a sequence between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle at the side of the road having the transformer core, which captures the magnetic field arriving from the bottom protrusion that is vertical to the arm, located at the end of the arm of the transformer core that is embedded to the ground and converts this magnetic current to the vertical charging section,
  • a vertical charge section which captures the magnetic current received from the horizontal charge section and transfers it to the top protrusion located at the end of the arm of the transformer core which is vertical to the road and, is biased toward the road, preferably at a 45° angle to the arm,
  • FIG-1 is the schematic perspective view of the charging system
  • FIG-2 is the detailed schematic view of the charging system.
  • FIG. 3 is the detailed schematic rear view of the vehicle operating in compliance with the charging system.
  • Figure-4 is the detailed schematic side view of the vehicle operating in compliance with the charging system.
  • Figure-5 is the perspective view of one charge lane partition.
  • Figure-6 is the perspective view of two charge lane partitions.
  • Figure-7 is the perspective view of three charge lane partitions.
  • the charging system carried out in order to reach the aims of this invention comprises;
  • a transformer core (2) preferably positioned beside the charging lane located on the road, shaped like the letter L, wherein one arm is embedded into the ground under the charging lane, and the other arm is positioned at the edge of the road, such that it is vertical to the road, having a bottom protrusion (3), at the end of the arm that is embedded into the road wherein said protrusion is vertical to said arm, and a top protrusion (4) at the end of the arm that is vertical to the ground, which is biased towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to said arm, wherein said core captures the magnetic field that is created by the current cable (1) over which the electric current is transferred, and passes this magnetic current from the bottom protrusion (3) that is vertical to the arm being located at the end of the arm that is embedded into the ground, to the top protrusion (4) which is inclined towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to the arm being located at the end of the arm that is vertical to the road,
  • the electric vehicle which operates in compliance with said charging system comprises;
  • a horizontal charging section (6) comprising metal cross sections that are aligned in a sequence between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle at the side of the road having the transformer core (2), which captures the magnetic field arriving from the bottom protrusion (3) that is vertical to the arm, located at the end of the arm of the transformer core (2) that is embedded to the ground and converts this magnetic current to the vertical charging section (7),
  • a vertical charge section (7) which captures the magnetic current received from the horizontal charge section (6) and transfers it to the top protrusion (4) located at the end of the arm of the transformer core (2) which is vertical to the road and, is biased toward the road, preferably at a 45° angle to the arm,
  • the current that flows from the current cable (1) takes form on the transformer core (2) and creates a magnetic field between the bottom protrusion (3) and the top protrusion (4). If an electric vehicle is not present on the charging lane, a magnetic field is formed between the transformer core (2), horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) (( Figure-2 and Figure-3).
  • the current cable (1) is divided into two arms and is positioned such that it surrounds the arm that is embedded into the ground below the charge lane of the transformer core (2) ( Figure-5, Figure-6 and Figure-7)
  • the transformer cores (2) that have been positioned in sequence below the lane and next to the lane, enable the wireless charging (transfer of magnetic field) of the vehicle that moves along the road.
  • the magnetic field (14) formed by the current cable (1) around itself is captured (this has been shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 as the magnetic current (15) that has been transferred from the transformer core (2) to the horizontal charge section (6)) by the horizontal charge section (6) comprising iron cores aligned in sequence inside the vehicle and the magnetic field that is formed on the horizontal charge section (6) passes from the horizontal charge section (6) to the vertical charge section (7).
  • the distance between the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) is rather short, as it is a few millimeters. Therefore the magnetic field is transferred onto the vertical charge section (7) located inside the doors of the vehicle toward the side of the vehicle from the base of the vehicle almost without any loss. A space is necessary because the doors of the vehicle should be able to be opened and closed.
  • the magnetic field that moves upward inside the door then leaves the vehicle and is re-captured by the top protrusion (4) of the transformer core (2), located at the end of the arm that is vertical to the road and is biased toward the road preferably at a 45° angle to said arm (This has been shown in Figure 3 as the magnetic current (16) transferred from the vertical charge section (7) to the transformer core). While the magnetic field moves over the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) located in the vehicle, it is converted into electric current (induced) over the charge cable (8) that extends inside the vehicle along the horizontal charge section (6) and the edge of the vertical charge section (7).
  • the part that cannot be converted into electric current is captured by the top protrusion of the arm of the transformer core (2) located at the end of said arm vertical to the road such that it is biased toward the road preferably at a 45° angle, and is recovered by being converted into electric current over the recovery cables (5).
  • the recovered electric current is brought to the desired form by the electric current recovery station (13) and is returned back to the network; therefore electric wastage is significantly minimized.
  • Some sections of the peripheries of the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) may be wrapped with an insulating material (low magnetic permeability) in order to protect the users inside the vehicle.
  • the vehicle is not located on the charge lane, as the current flowing from the current cable (1) formed on the transformer core (2) may create a magnetic field between the top protrusion (3) and the bottom protrusion (4), the magnetic field flowing from the bottom protrusion (3) shall be captured with a small amount of loss by the top protrusion (4); therefore electric wastage is prevented.
  • the system may provide electric current according to the location of the vehicle.
  • the location of the vehicle can be determined by means of GPS connection.
  • the charge lane partition according to the location of the vehicle may be operated, the switch of the partitions from which the vehicle exits as the vehicle moves may be opened, the flow of electric current in said partitions may be prevented, and the switches of the lane partitions that the vehicle has entered into may be closed and the flow of electric current is said partition may be enabled.
  • the partition where the vehicle is present can be activated and therefore electricity wastage shall be reduced.
  • the charge lane partitions (19) that have a distance of approximately 2 cars between them (approximately 7-8 meters) that have been formed by the alignment of the transformer cores (2) in sequence, may be activated/passivated by means of the switches (18).
  • a magnetic field is not formed in the related charge lane partition (19) when the switch (18) is on. Only the charge lane partitions (19) over which the vehicle passes, emit a magnetic field. In this case the switch is off (18) and the charge lane partition (19) active.
  • the system which receives the location information of the electric vehicle that is connected to the system via a mobile network only activates the lane partitions over which the vehicle moves from. As a result electric wastage is significantly prevented.
  • the information of being charged or not, speed information, GPS coordinates and the 6 digit number on the sign (17) which notifies the exact location of the vehicle on the road, is submitted by the vehicle to the system via a mobile network.
  • the data received by the system is processed and the switches (18) of the charge lane partitions (19) along the road shall be turned on and off as the vehicle moves and as new data is received (in synchronization with the movement of the vehicle).
  • the delay that may occur (time difference) during this process may lead to difference, between the locations of the charge lane partitions that have been activated, and the location of the vehicle; and the vehicle may not be charged.
  • the system Upon the "non- charge" information received from the vehicle, the system shall assume that there is a delay during data transfer and processing and until a signal that the vehicle is being charged is received from the vehicle, the numbers of the partitions that shall be activated shall be increased one by one (the partitions further on shall be activated). As a result even in conditions where internet connection is slow (higher ping time) it is guaranteed for the vehicle to be charged with high efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is related to a charging system which enables wireless charging of electric vehicles and an electric vehicle which operates in compliance with said system. The invention is particularly related to a charging system which charges the vehicle by means of the magnetic field created and returns the magnetic field created back to the network when the vehicle is present or not present and an electric vehicle operating suitably with this system.

Description

A CHARGING SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS CHARGING OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE OPERATING SUITABLY
WITH THIS SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
Technical Field
The present invention is related to a charging system which enables wireless charging of electric vehicles and an electric vehicle operating suitably with said system.
The invention is particularly related to a charging system which charges the vehicle by means of the magnetic field created and returns the magnetic field created back to the network when the vehicle is present or not present and an electric vehicle operating suitably with this system.
Prior Art
Nowadays studies are being conducted regarding alternative energy usage directed to meet the energy requirements of motor land vehicles. Electric energy is seen as the best alternative for vehicles that operate with fossil fuels as it is environment friendly and renewable.
Motor land vehicles that operate with electric energy, basically comprise an engine which operates with electric energy and a battery which supplies the energy required by the engine to said engine. The most important problem of these systems is that the battery needs to be charged. The batteries are either charged via wire by being connected to an electricity source, or by wireless charging by means of the developed technology. The basic logic of wireless charging systems is to form a magnetic field using electric energy and to charge a vehicle by providing the required electric energy to be obtained from this magnetic field by keeping the vehicle that is to be charged inside said magnetic field.
Studies are being carried out in order to apply such systems in motorways so that particularly, vehicles that are on the move can be charged. In the United States Patent document numbered US20150239356 an apparatus is described for wireless charging of electric vehicles. A receiver that forms a magnetic field by receiving electricity current in order to charge the battery inside the vehicle is provided.
An apparatus which enables to wireless charging of vehicles is described in the Chinese Patent document numbered CN102487205 of the known state of the art.
An apparatus which enables wireless charging of electric vehicles by means of a magnetic field created is described in the United States Patent document numbered US20110291615 of the known state of the art.
However electricity is wasted in order to create a magnetic field in all of these applications and only a part of this magnetic field can be used in order to charge the battery of the vehicle by means of an apparatus inside the vehicle and the remaining magnetic field cannot be used. This situation leads to problems of high electricity wastage and low charging efficiency. Additionally other problems are faced such as there is little space for batteries in vehicles, the whole system cannot address all electric vehicles, even if a vehicle is present in the lanes that have been partitioned, magnetic field (electricity) is still wasted, and the current that is charged is reduced to zero unless the vehicle moves at a certain alignment of the charge lane.
For this reason the need for the development of a new system which overcomes the problems mentioned above and a novel vehicle that is suitable to be operated with said system has risen. Brief Description and Aims of the Invention
The aim of this invention is to provide a charging system which enables wireless charging of electric vehicles and an electric vehicle which operates in compliance with said system.
Another aim of this invention is to provide a charging system which charges a vehicle with the magnetic field created and which returns the created energy back to the network when the vehicle is present or not present in said magnetic field in order to prevent electric wastage, and to provide an electric vehicle which suitably operates with this system.
The charging system provided in order to reach the aims of this invention comprises;
- A current cable over which electric current is passed,
- A transformer core, preferably positioned beside the charging lane located on the road, shaped like the letter L, wherein one arm is embedded into the ground under the charging lane, and the other arm is positioned at the edge of the road, such that it is vertical to the road, having a bottom protrusion, at the end of the arm that is embedded to the road wherein said protrusion is vertical to said arm, and a top protrusion at the end of the arm that is vertical to the ground, which is biased towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to said arm, wherein said core captures the magnetic field that is created by the current cable over which the electric current is transferred, and passes this magnetic current from the bottom protrusion that is vertical to the arm being located at the end of the arm that is embedded into the ground, to the top protrusion which is inclined towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to the arm being located at the end of the arm that is vertical to the road,
- Recovery cables extending parallel with each other at the inner section of the arm of the transformer core, that is vertical to the road, at the edge of the road, which covert the magnetic current captured by the top protrusion which is inclined towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to the arm of the transformer core, that is vertical to the road, into electric current.
The electric vehicle which operates in compliance with said charging system comprises;
- A horizontal charging section comprising metal cross sections that are aligned in a sequence between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle at the side of the road having the transformer core, which captures the magnetic field arriving from the bottom protrusion that is vertical to the arm, located at the end of the arm of the transformer core that is embedded to the ground and converts this magnetic current to the vertical charging section,
- A vertical charge section which captures the magnetic current received from the horizontal charge section and transfers it to the top protrusion located at the end of the arm of the transformer core which is vertical to the road and, is biased toward the road, preferably at a 45° angle to the arm,
- Charge cables located at the edges of the horizontal charge section and the vertical charge section, which enable the battery to be charged by capturing the magnetic current that passes from the horizontal charge section and the vertical charge section and converting it to electric current, and
- A battery to which the charge cables are connected and which provides electric energy to the vehicle.
Detailed description of the Invention
The protective charging system developed in order to reach the aims of this invention and the electric vehicle operating in compliance with this system have been illustrated in the figures. According to the figures;
Figure-1 is the schematic perspective view of the charging system
Figure-2 is the detailed schematic view of the charging system.
Figure-3 is the detailed schematic rear view of the vehicle operating in compliance with the charging system.
Figure-4 is the detailed schematic side view of the vehicle operating in compliance with the charging system.
Figure-5 is the perspective view of one charge lane partition.
Figure-6 is the perspective view of two charge lane partitions.
Figure-7 is the perspective view of three charge lane partitions.
The parts in the figures have each been numbered and the references of each number have been listed below.
1. Current Cable
2. Transformer core
3. Bottom protrusion
4. Top protrusion
5. Recovery cable
6. Horizontal charge section
7. Vertical charge section
8. Charge cable
9. Battery
10. Electric pole
11. Carrier wire
12. Primary station
13. Recovery station
14. Magnetic field formed by the current cable around itself
15. Magnetic current transferred from the transformer core to the horizontal charge section 16. Magnetic current transferred from the vertical charge section to the transformer core
17. Sign
18. Switch
19. Charge lane partition
The charging system carried out in order to reach the aims of this invention comprises;
- A current cable (1) over which electric current is passed,
- A transformer core (2), preferably positioned beside the charging lane located on the road, shaped like the letter L, wherein one arm is embedded into the ground under the charging lane, and the other arm is positioned at the edge of the road, such that it is vertical to the road, having a bottom protrusion (3), at the end of the arm that is embedded into the road wherein said protrusion is vertical to said arm, and a top protrusion (4) at the end of the arm that is vertical to the ground, which is biased towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to said arm, wherein said core captures the magnetic field that is created by the current cable (1) over which the electric current is transferred, and passes this magnetic current from the bottom protrusion (3) that is vertical to the arm being located at the end of the arm that is embedded into the ground, to the top protrusion (4) which is inclined towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to the arm being located at the end of the arm that is vertical to the road,
- Recovery cables (5) extending parallel with each other at the inner section of the arm of the transformer core (2), that is vertical to the road, at the edge of the road, which covert the magnetic current captured by the top protrusion (4) which is inclined towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to the arm of the transformer core (2), that is vertical to the road, into electric current. The electric vehicle which operates in compliance with said charging system comprises;
- A horizontal charging section (6) comprising metal cross sections that are aligned in a sequence between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle at the side of the road having the transformer core (2), which captures the magnetic field arriving from the bottom protrusion (3) that is vertical to the arm, located at the end of the arm of the transformer core (2) that is embedded to the ground and converts this magnetic current to the vertical charging section (7),
- A vertical charge section (7) which captures the magnetic current received from the horizontal charge section (6) and transfers it to the top protrusion (4) located at the end of the arm of the transformer core (2) which is vertical to the road and, is biased toward the road, preferably at a 45° angle to the arm,
- Charge cables (8) located at the edges of the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7), which enable the battery (9) to be charged by capturing the magnetic current that passes from the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) and converting it to electric current, and
- A battery (9) to which the charge cables (8) are connected and which provides electric energy to the vehicle.
The electricity received from the carrier wires (1 1) located on the electric poles (10) or from the network embedded under the ground, passes through the primary stations (12) and the electricity in these stations are adjusted to the desired voltage, current and frequency values. Following this, the current flows over the current cable (1). The current that flows from the current cable (1), takes form on the transformer core (2) and creates a magnetic field between the bottom protrusion (3) and the top protrusion (4). If an electric vehicle is not present on the charging lane, a magnetic field is formed between the transformer core (2), horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) ((Figure-2 and Figure-3).
In a preferred application of the invention the current cable (1) is divided into two arms and is positioned such that it surrounds the arm that is embedded into the ground below the charge lane of the transformer core (2) (Figure-5, Figure-6 and Figure-7)
As it can be observed from the figures, the transformer cores (2) that have been positioned in sequence below the lane and next to the lane, enable the wireless charging (transfer of magnetic field) of the vehicle that moves along the road.
The magnetic field (14) formed by the current cable (1) around itself is captured (this has been shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 as the magnetic current (15) that has been transferred from the transformer core (2) to the horizontal charge section (6)) by the horizontal charge section (6) comprising iron cores aligned in sequence inside the vehicle and the magnetic field that is formed on the horizontal charge section (6) passes from the horizontal charge section (6) to the vertical charge section (7). The distance between the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) is rather short, as it is a few millimeters. Therefore the magnetic field is transferred onto the vertical charge section (7) located inside the doors of the vehicle toward the side of the vehicle from the base of the vehicle almost without any loss. A space is necessary because the doors of the vehicle should be able to be opened and closed. The magnetic field that moves upward inside the door then leaves the vehicle and is re-captured by the top protrusion (4) of the transformer core (2), located at the end of the arm that is vertical to the road and is biased toward the road preferably at a 45° angle to said arm (This has been shown in Figure 3 as the magnetic current (16) transferred from the vertical charge section (7) to the transformer core). While the magnetic field moves over the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) located in the vehicle, it is converted into electric current (induced) over the charge cable (8) that extends inside the vehicle along the horizontal charge section (6) and the edge of the vertical charge section (7). While the part of the magnetic field that moves along the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) that can be converted into electric current charges the battery (9), the part that cannot be converted into electric current is captured by the top protrusion of the arm of the transformer core (2) located at the end of said arm vertical to the road such that it is biased toward the road preferably at a 45° angle, and is recovered by being converted into electric current over the recovery cables (5). The recovered electric current is brought to the desired form by the electric current recovery station (13) and is returned back to the network; therefore electric wastage is significantly minimized.
Some sections of the peripheries of the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) may be wrapped with an insulating material (low magnetic permeability) in order to protect the users inside the vehicle.
If the vehicle is not located on the charge lane, as the current flowing from the current cable (1) formed on the transformer core (2) may create a magnetic field between the top protrusion (3) and the bottom protrusion (4), the magnetic field flowing from the bottom protrusion (3) shall be captured with a small amount of loss by the top protrusion (4); therefore electric wastage is prevented.
According to another application of the invention, the system may provide electric current according to the location of the vehicle. The location of the vehicle can be determined by means of GPS connection. By means of the GPS system the charge lane partition according to the location of the vehicle may be operated, the switch of the partitions from which the vehicle exits as the vehicle moves may be opened, the flow of electric current in said partitions may be prevented, and the switches of the lane partitions that the vehicle has entered into may be closed and the flow of electric current is said partition may be enabled. By this means only the partition where the vehicle is present can be activated and therefore electricity wastage shall be reduced.
The charge lane partitions (19) that have a distance of approximately 2 cars between them (approximately 7-8 meters) that have been formed by the alignment of the transformer cores (2) in sequence, may be activated/passivated by means of the switches (18). A magnetic field is not formed in the related charge lane partition (19) when the switch (18) is on. Only the charge lane partitions (19) over which the vehicle passes, emit a magnetic field. In this case the switch is off (18) and the charge lane partition (19) active.
While the electric vehicle moves over the charge lane, the numbers on the ground of the road and the sign (17) at the side of the road are read by the camera located in the vehicle. By means of the six digit number detected, the location information of the vehicle on the road can be determined with high precision even if GPS is not present and even if the vehicle is moving at high speed. Therefore the system which receives the location information of the electric vehicle that is connected to the system via a mobile network only activates the lane partitions over which the vehicle moves from. As a result electric wastage is significantly prevented.
The information of being charged or not, speed information, GPS coordinates and the 6 digit number on the sign (17) which notifies the exact location of the vehicle on the road, is submitted by the vehicle to the system via a mobile network. The data received by the system is processed and the switches (18) of the charge lane partitions (19) along the road shall be turned on and off as the vehicle moves and as new data is received (in synchronization with the movement of the vehicle).
The delay that may occur (time difference) during this process (receiving and processing new data by the system, and submitting opening and closing commands of road partition (19) switches (18)) may lead to difference, between the locations of the charge lane partitions that have been activated, and the location of the vehicle; and the vehicle may not be charged. Upon the "non- charge" information received from the vehicle, the system shall assume that there is a delay during data transfer and processing and until a signal that the vehicle is being charged is received from the vehicle, the numbers of the partitions that shall be activated shall be increased one by one (the partitions further on shall be activated). As a result even in conditions where internet connection is slow (higher ping time) it is guaranteed for the vehicle to be charged with high efficiency.

Claims

CLAIMS 1.) The invention is a charging system for wireless charging of an electric vehicle characterized in that it comprises;
A current cable (1) over which electric current is passed,
A transformer core (2), preferably positioned beside the charging lane located on the road, shaped like the letter L, wherein one arm is embedded into the ground under the charging lane, and the other arm is positioned at the edge of the road, such that it is vertical to the road, having a bottom protrusion (3), at the end of the arm that is embedded into the road wherein said protrusion is vertical to said arm, and a top protrusion (4) at the end of the arm that is vertical to the ground, which is biased towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to said arm, wherein said core captures the magnetic field that is created by the current cable (1) over which the electric current is transferred, and passes this magnetic current from the bottom protrusion (3) that is vertical to the arm being located at the end of the arm that is embedded into the ground, to the top protrusion (4) which is inclined towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to the arm being located at the end of the arm that is vertical to the road,
Recovery cables (5) extending parallel with each other at the inner section of the arm of the transformer core (2), that is vertical to the road, at the edge of the road, which covert the magnetic current captured by the top protrusion (4) which is inclined towards the road preferably at a 45° angle to the arm of the transformer core (2), that is vertical to the road, into electric current.
2.) A charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a current cable (1) divided into two arms such that it surrounds the arm that is embedded into the road below the charge lane of the transformer core (2).
3.) An electric vehicle operating in compliance with the charging system of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises;
- A horizontal charging section (6) comprising metal cross sections that are aligned in a sequence between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle at the side of the road having the transformer core (2), which captures the magnetic field arriving from the bottom protrusion (3) that is vertical to the arm, located at the end of the arm of the transformer core (2) that is embedded to the ground and converts this magnetic current to the vertical charging section (7),
- A vertical charge section (7) which captures the magnetic current received from the horizontal charge section (6) and transfers it to the top protrusion (4) located at the end of the arm of the transformer core (2) which is vertical to the road and, is biased toward the road, preferably at a
45° angle to the arm,
- Charge cables (8) located at the edges of the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7), which enable the battery (9) to be charged by capturing the magnetic current that passes from the horizontal charge section (6) and the vertical charge section (7) and converting it to electric current, and
- A battery (9) to which the charge cables (8) are connected and which provides electric energy to the vehicle.
4.) A charging system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a sign (17) which notifies charge information submitted by a mobile network to the system, speed information, GPS coordinates and the net position of the vehicle on the road.
PCT/TR2015/050306 2015-12-30 2015-12-31 A charging system for wireless charging of electric vehicles and an electric vehicle operating suitably with this system WO2017116333A1 (en)

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CN102487205A (en) 2010-12-05 2012-06-06 丹阳市鹏飞科技有限公司 Automatic wireless charging system for highway electrical vehicle
EP2704292A1 (en) * 2011-04-26 2014-03-05 Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology Feed apparatus, current collector, and power transfer apparatus of the magnetic induction type, considering lateral deviation
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