WO2017064924A1

WO2017064924A1 - Wireless device

Info

Publication number: WO2017064924A1
Application number: PCT/JP2016/074331
Authority: WO
Inventors: 宏行松木
Original assignee: 古野電気株式会社
Priority date: 2015-10-16
Filing date: 2016-08-22
Publication date: 2017-04-20

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a configuration capable of transmitting voice with high quality to a partner station in a wireless device capable of performing wireless voice communication between a ship and land or between ships. [Solution] When in a wireless device of a station, a partner station with which the station communicates is designated by a user and a frequency to be used for the communication with the partner station is designated, the wireless device A/D converts voice produced by uttering a content that the user of the station wants to transmit to the partner station to a microphone, and stores the converted voice as digital data of a voice mail in a storage unit. Thereafter, a call/transmission unit of the wireless device creates a call message that a communication mode is a digital mode, and transmits the call message to the partner station. When a receipt notification that communication is acceptable has been received from the partner station, a transmission unit of the wireless device transmits the digital data stored in the storage unit to the partner station by digital communication.

Description

Wireless device

The present invention mainly relates to a radio apparatus for performing voice communication installed in a ship or the like.

Conventionally, a wireless device for performing voice communication between a ship and the land (such as a port or a lighthouse) or between a ship and a ship is known. Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 disclose this type of wireless device.

The wireless apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 transmits a call information requesting that the local station start communication with the counterpart station, and transmits a response information to the call station. Thus, communication between the own station and the partner station is established, and the voice processing unit can execute a voice call between the host station and the partner station.

The ship radio apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 determines whether or not a plurality of other ships are within a communicable range by using a range determination means, displays the result together with the ship identification information on the display means, By inputting from the input means, a call signal is transmitted to another ship, and a user of the other ship is called to start communication.

The inter-mobile communication device disclosed in Patent Document 3 automatically designates a target to be a communication partner (partner station) on the display screen and presses a call switch to automatically voice between the own station and the partner station. It is the structure which can start a telephone call.

JP 2014-107678 A JP 2008-160706 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-84311

In the wireless device having the above configuration, audio transmission / reception is generally performed by an analog modulation method. When talking by analog modulation wireless communication, there is a general problem that the sound quality is likely to deteriorate due to radio wave interference or the like. Further, when a telephone call is made by analog modulation wireless communication, communication cannot be established unless the partner station transmits response information to the call information transmitted by the own station. On the other hand, when transmitting and receiving audio using the digital modulation method, there is a problem that it is difficult to simply widen the band due to frequency allocation and characteristics of an antenna possessed by existing wireless equipment.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is not to be supported in real time in a wireless device capable of performing voice communication between a ship and the land or between the ship and the ship by radio. However, it is an object to provide a wireless device that can cope with adaptation.

Means and effects for solving the problems

The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, means for solving the problems and the effects thereof will be described.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a radio apparatus having the following configuration is provided. That is, this wireless device can perform voice communication between the ship and the land or between the ship and the ship by radio. The wireless device includes a voice input unit, an A / D conversion unit, a transmission voice storage unit, a call transmission unit, a reception notification reception unit, and a transmission unit. The voice input unit inputs the voice of the user of the own station and converts it into an analog signal. The A / D conversion unit converts an analog signal output from the voice input unit into a digital signal. The sending credit voice storage unit stores digital data based on a digital signal output from the A / D conversion unit. The call transmission unit transmits a call message including identification information for identifying a partner station with which to communicate, a frequency used for communication with the partner station, and information on a communication method. The reception notification receiving unit receives a reception notification transmitted from a partner station that has received the call message. The transmission unit transmits the digital signal stored in the transmission voice storage unit to the partner station by digital communication when the reception notification reception unit receives a reception notification to accept communication.

As a result, the voice of the user of the local station can be transmitted to the user of the counterpart station by digital communication using, for example, error correction technology, etc., so that deterioration in sound quality is reduced even in communication over a long distance. Can do.

The wireless device preferably includes a compression unit that compresses the digital signal converted by the A / D conversion unit.

This makes it possible to reduce the size of the audio data to be transmitted, so that the audio data can be transmitted to the other station at a higher speed. Further, since the size of the audio data is reduced, the transmission audio storage unit can be used efficiently, and the audio data can be easily stored in the partner station.

Preferably, the above wireless device has the following configuration. That is, this wireless device includes a D / A converter that converts a digital signal into an analog signal. The call sending transmission unit transmits a first call message including information on a communication method of digital communication. After the first call message is transmitted, if the reception notification reception unit does not receive the reception notification indicating that the communication is accepted within a predetermined time, the call transmission unit transmits information indicating that the communication method is analog communication. Send the second call message that contains it. After the second call message is transmitted, when the reception notification receiving unit receives a notification of acceptance of communication, the transmission unit is configured to perform digital data based on the digital data stored in the transmission voice storage unit. A signal converted into an analog signal by the D / A converter is transmitted to the counterpart station by analog communication.

This makes it possible to deliver the voice of the user of the local station to the counterpart station that does not support digital voice communication by analog communication, and can flexibly cope with it.

In the wireless device, when the transmission unit transmits a digital signal based on the digital data stored in the transmission voice storage unit to an analog signal, the analog signal is transmitted to the other station by analog communication. It is preferable to transmit the signal including voice guidance indicating that the response is an automatic response.

This makes it possible to prevent the user at the other station from replying or interacting with previously recorded voice by voice guidance.

In the wireless device, after the second call message is transmitted, if the reception notification reception unit does not receive a reception notification indicating that the communication is accepted within a predetermined time, the call transmission unit transmits the second call message. It is preferable to send the message again.

In other words, depending on the radio wave condition etc., it may be assumed that the call message does not reach the other station, so by sending the call message again after a while, the user of the other station reliably transmits the voice data from the own station. You can listen.

Preferably, the above wireless device has the following configuration. That is, after the first call message is transmitted, if the reception notification receiving unit does not receive a reception notification for accepting communication within a predetermined time, the call transmission unit transmits the first call message again. To do. If the reception notification receiver does not receive a reception notification even though the call transmission unit transmits the first call message for a predetermined number of times more than once, the call transmission unit transmits the second call message. .

As a result, the call message may not reach the other station depending on the radio wave conditions, etc., so it is possible to use digital communication that is unlikely to cause deterioration in sound quality by sending the call message again after a while. Can be increased.

Preferably, the above wireless device has the following configuration. That is, an operation unit that accepts user input is provided, and designation of a partner station is performed by the user of the own station selecting from a list of pre-registered registration items by operating the operation unit. The call transmission unit automatically selects a frequency to be used for communication with the counterpart station from at least one available frequency registered in advance.

This can improve operability. In addition, it is possible to automatically select a frequency and communicate between the user of the local station and the user of the partner station, and communication can be performed smoothly.

In the wireless device, the voice of the user of the own station is transmitted to the other station as a voice mail by digital communication, or the user of the own station and the user of the other station make a two-way call by analog communication. It is preferable to further include a communication switching unit for switching to any one.

As a result, depending on the situation, it is possible to select either the two-way call between the own station and the other station, or the voice from the own station to be transmitted in one direction as voice mail. Will improve.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a radio apparatus having the following configuration is provided. That is, this wireless device can perform voice communication between the ship and the land or between the ship and the ship by radio. The wireless device includes a call reception unit, a call message analysis unit, a process switching unit, a user call unit, a reception notification transmission unit, a reception voice storage unit, a sound reproduction unit, a reproduction processing unit, Is provided. The call receiving unit receives a call message from a partner station. The call message analyzing unit analyzes the call message received by the call receiving unit. The processing switching unit changes the processing on the local station side according to the communication method designated by the partner station acquired by analyzing the call message by the call message analysis unit. The user calling unit calls a user of the own station. The reception notification transmission unit transmits a reception notification for the call message received by the call reception unit to the partner station. The reception voice storage unit stores digital voice data of the voice of the user of the partner station, which is subsequently received from the partner station that has received the call message. The audio reproduction unit reproduces audio. The reproduction processing unit causes the audio reproduction unit to reproduce audio based on the digital audio data stored in the reception audio storage unit in accordance with an operation of a user of the own station. As a result of the call message analysis unit analyzing the call message, if the communication method designated by the counterpart station is analog communication, the process switching unit is configured to change the local station called by the user call unit. Based on the user's communication acceptance operation, the reception notification for accepting communication is transmitted to the partner station, and voice is exchanged between the partner station and the subject station by analog communication. On the other hand, as a result of the call message analysis unit analyzing the call trap message, if the communication method designated by the other station is digital communication, the reception notification transmission unit automatically sends a reception notification to the effect that the communication is accepted. And the digital voice data transmitted thereafter from the counterpart station is stored in the reception voice storage unit.

As a result, when the partner station requests the reception of the voice mail from the own station, a reception notification is automatically transmitted, and the voice mail received thereafter from the partner station is stored in the reception voice storage unit. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the work burden and monitoring burden on the user of the local station. In this case, since voice mail from the partner station is delivered to the local station by digital communication, it is possible to reduce deterioration of sound quality even in long-distance communication. In addition, since the voice reproduction data stored in the reception voice storage unit can be reproduced by the voice reproduction unit at an arbitrary timing by the user's operation, it is excellent in convenience.

In the above wireless device, the bag preferably has the following configuration. That is, the wireless device further includes a communication record display unit that displays a reception record that is a recording bag in which the digital voice data based on the voice of the user of the partner station is stored in the reception voice storage unit. The reproduction processing unit causes the audio reproduction unit to reproduce sound based on digital audio data corresponding to the reception record selected by the user of the own station among the displayed reception records.

Thus, when the user selects the displayed reception record, the sound corresponding to the reception record can be reproduced. As a result, operability is improved.

In the wireless device, it is preferable that the communication record display unit displays a transmission record, which is a record of transmitting voice data of the user of the user station, in time-series order together with the reception record.

This makes it easier for the user to understand what kind of communication has been performed between the local station and the partner station.

In the above wireless device, it is preferable that the communication record display unit can display the reception record by narrowing down to only a portion between the partner station selected by the user and the own station.

This makes it possible to display received records in a more organized form.

Preferably, the above wireless device has the following configuration. That is, it further includes a response selection unit for the user to select either the user call mode or the automatic recording mode as a mode related to the response on the local station side when the call receiving unit receives the call message. If the communication switching method designated by the partner station is analog communication, and the automatic recording mode is selected by the response selection unit, the process switching unit is notified that the communication is accepted. Is automatically transmitted to the other station, and thereafter, an analog signal received from the other station is converted into a digital signal, and the digital voice data is recorded in the reception voice storage section. On the other hand, when the communication method designated by the partner station is analog communication and the user call mode is selected by the response selection unit, the processing switching unit is Based on the communication acceptance operation of the called user of the local station, the reception notification to the effect of accepting the communication is transmitted to the counterpart station, and the voices of the user of the counterpart station and the user の of the local station are transmitted by analog communication. Make two-way calls by exchanging.

As a result, when the user of the local station cannot make a call in response to the call from the partner station, the message from the partner station is automatically stored in the reception voice storage unit by setting the automatic recording mode. Memorize and play back later to listen. At this time, since the analog signal received from the counterpart station is converted into a digital signal, the data can be easily compressed, and the reception sound storage unit can be used efficiently. When the user of the local station can make a call in response to a call from the other station, the user can make a call in both directions in real time by setting the user call mode.

Explanatory drawing which shows schematically the usage example of the radio | wireless apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the main structures of a radio | wireless apparatus. The sequence diagram explaining the process in which the local station requests | requires the exchange of the sound by digital communication to a partner station, and starts communication. FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram for explaining processing in a case where the local station requests the partner station to exchange voice by digital communication, but the partner station supports only analog communication. FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram for explaining processing in a case where an exchange of voice by analog communication is requested from a partner station when the user call mode is selected by a response selection switch. FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram for explaining processing in a case where an exchange of voice by analog communication is requested from the partner station when the automatic recording mode is selected by a response selection switch.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a usage example of a wireless device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration of the wireless device 1.

The wireless device 1 is a device for performing DSC (Digital Selective Calling) communication and performing voice communication between the local station and the partner station wirelessly. In the present embodiment, the wireless device 1 is configured to perform wireless communication using the MF band / VHF band, and is installed in a ship, a lighthouse, a harbor, and the like as shown in FIG. That is, the radio apparatus 1 can function as a land radio station (coast station) that communicates with a ship, for example, and can also function as a radio station (ship station) established on a ship.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wireless device 1 includes a signal / information processing unit 10 構成 configured as a computer. In addition, the wireless device 1 includes an operation unit (designation unit) 91, a display (display unit) 92, a microphone (audio input unit) 93, a speaker (audio reproduction unit) 94, a buzzer (call unit) 95, A communication changeover switch (communication changeover unit) 96 and a response selection switch (response selection unit) 97 are provided.

The signal / information processing unit 10 performs processing based on an electrical signal received by the wireless device 1 or generates an electrical signal to be transmitted from the wireless device 1 to the outside. Details of the signal / information processing unit 10 will be described later.

The operation unit 91 is used to specify a communication partner station or a frequency used for communication with the communication partner station. The operation unit 91 includes, for example, a dial, numeric keys, arrow keys, and the like. The operation unit 91 is electrically connected to the signal / information processing unit 10.

The display 92 is configured by a liquid crystal display, for example, and can display various information. The display 92 is electrically connected to the signal / information processing unit 10.

When the user wants to start communication with the partner station, the user can designate the partner station by inputting MMSI (identification number that is identification information for identifying the wireless station) to the wireless device 1. The partner station can designate the MMSI by directly inputting the MMSI using the operation unit 91 (the above numeric keys or the like), but displays a list of MMSI (registration items) registered in the wireless device 1 in advance. It is also possible to make a designation by selecting the MMSI of the partner station from the list by operating the operation unit 91. The MMSI data registered in advance is stored in, for example, a nonvolatile memory provided in the signal / information processing unit 10. Further, a name for easily understanding and understanding the communication partner is associated with the MMSI and stored as a registration item in the memory (hereinafter, the data stored in this way may be referred to as address book data). The name may be displayed together with the above list.

Similarly, the user selects the channel (frequency) to be used for communication with the other station from the list of channels (frequency) displayed on the display 92 by the operation of the operation unit 91, and is used for communication. You can specify the frequency to be used. Channels that can be selected are, for example, channel 06, channel 08, channel 10, and the like. However, the frequency used for communication can be automatically selected and designated by the signal / information processing unit 10 from at least one available frequency registered in advance. In this case, since the operation of specifying the frequency can be omitted, the convenience of the bag can be improved.

The microphone 93 is for inputting a voice such as a speech of the user of the own station and outputting an analog signal. The microphone 93 is built in a transmitter (not shown) included in the wireless device 1. The microphone 93 generates an analog signal based on the voice that the user speaks toward the transmitter. The microphone 93 is electrically connected to the signal / information processing unit 10.

The speaker 94 outputs sound according to an analog signal input from the receiving unit 37 described later, for example. The speaker 94 is electrically connected to the signal / information processing unit 10.

The buzzer 95 is for urging the user to respond by, for example, ringing a call sound when the other station is calling itself. The buzzer 95 is electrically connected to the signal / information processing unit 10.

The communication changeover switch 96 switches between a voice mail mode and a bidirectional mode (normal mode) as a communication mode which is requested from the own station to the partner station and started. The voice mail mode is a mode in which the voice of the user of the own station is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the other station as a voice mail by digital communication. The two-way mode is a mode in which a two-way call is performed in real time by performing transmission / reception between the user of the local station and the user of the partner station by analog communication in the state of an analog signal. Details of each communication method will be described later. The communication changeover switch 96 is electrically connected to the signal / information processing unit 10.

The response selection switch 97 switches between a user call mode and an automatic recording mode as a mode when the counterpart station requests analog communication and calls itself. The user call mode is a mode in which the user of the own station is called to make a call in real time. The automatic recording mode is a mode for recording the message of the user at the other station. Details of each mode will be described later. The response selection switch 97 is electrically connected to the signal / information processing unit 10.

The signal / information processing unit 10 includes hardware including an unillustrated CPU, RAM, ROM, signal conversion circuit, transmission / reception circuit, and the like. The ROM stores software such as various programs. Then, the above hardware and software cooperate to change the signal / information processing unit 10 into an A / D conversion unit 13, a D / A conversion unit 18, a transmission voice storage unit 14, and a reception voice storage unit 36. , Transmitter 17, receiver 37, call transmitter 15, call message generator 20, reception notification receiver 16, reception notification analyzer 21, call receiver 31, call message analyzer 40, reception notification transmitter 32, reception It can be operated as the notification creation unit 41, the processing switching unit 33, the communication record display unit 38, the reproduction processing unit 39, and the like.

The A / D converter 13 converts an analog signal into a digital signal. The A / D conversion unit 13 converts an analog signal input from the microphone 93 or an analog signal input from the receiving unit 37 described later into a digital signal as necessary.

The D / A converter 18 converts a digital signal into an analog signal. The D / A conversion unit 18 converts a digital signal based on the digital data stored in the transmission audio storage unit 14 or the reception audio storage unit 36 into an analog signal as necessary.

The transmission voice storage unit 14 stores digital data based on the analog signal input from the microphone 93 and converted into a digital signal by the A / D conversion unit 13. The digital data stored in the transmission voice / voice storage unit 14 can be read at an appropriate timing and transmitted to the other station by the transmission unit 17.

The reception voice storage unit 36 stores the voice received by the reception unit 37 from the partner station as digital data. Specifically, when the own station receives voice mail from the partner station via digital communication, the received digital data is stored in the reception voice storage unit 36 as it is. On the other hand, when the own station is performing analog communication with the partner station and the user's message of the partner station is recorded, digital data based on the received analog signal converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 13 Is stored in the reception voice storage unit 36. The digital audio data stored in the reception audio storage unit 36 is read at an appropriate timing, converted into an analog signal by the D / A conversion unit 18, and can be reproduced by the speaker 94.

The transmission unit 17 transmits the analog signal input from the microphone 93 to the partner station via the transmission / reception antenna 82 by analog communication. Thereby, the user of the other station can hear the voice of the user of the own station in real time.

However, the transmission unit 17 is also configured to be able to perform digital communication. In certain cases, the digital input signal based on the digital audio data stored in the transmission audio storage unit 14 is sent as voice mail to the other station by digital communication. Can be sent. Further, in another specific case, the transmission unit 17 can transmit the digital audio data converted into an analog signal by the D / A conversion unit 18 to the counterpart station by analog communication as a recording message.

The receiving unit 37 receives an analog signal transmitted from the partner station via the transmission / reception antenna 82. The received analog signal is reproduced by the speaker 94 in principle. Thereby, the user of the other station can hear the user's own voice in real time.

However, the receiving unit 37 is also configured to be able to perform digital communication, and can receive a digital signal transmitted from the partner station as a voice mail. In this case, as described above, the voice mail digital data is stored in the reception voice storage unit 36. In addition, even when the receiving unit 37 performs analog communication, instead of reproducing the sound based on the analog signal received by the receiving unit 37 with the speaker 94, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the A / D conversion unit 13. It is also possible to store the digital soot data based on the received voice storage unit 36.

Although not shown, the signal / information processing unit 10 includes a compression unit capable of compressing digital data by a known method (for example, a method such as G.729), and a decompression unit capable of decompressing the compressed digital data. Prepare. With this configuration, the above digital audio data is stored in the transmission audio storage unit 14 or the reception audio storage unit 36 in an appropriately compressed form. The digital audio data stored in the transmission audio storage unit 14 or the reception audio storage unit 36 is expanded as necessary. Thereby, since the size of the digital audio data can be reduced, the transmission audio storage unit 14 and the reception audio storage unit 36 can be used efficiently. In addition, the communication time when digital audio data is transmitted to the partner station can be shortened.

The call transmission unit 15 transmits a call message for requesting the other station to start communication by DSC communication. The paging message includes, for example, the MMSI of the partner station, the MMSI of the local station, the transmission / reception frequency used for communication (the frequency that the local station proposes to use for communication), the communication method used for communication (Subsequence Communication), And information such as urgency. The call message is a digital signal, and is generated by a call message bag generator 20 described later. The call message is transmitted on the predetermined carrier wave from the call transmission unit 15 via the DSC antenna 81.

The call message creating unit 20 creates the call message according to a predetermined format based on information input by the user of the own station using the operation unit 91.

The reception notification receiving unit 16 receives a call message transmitted from the own station and receives a reception notification transmitted from the other station by DSC communication. The reception notification is a digital signal, and may include information such as the MMSI of the transmission source of the reception notification, the MMSI of the transmission destination of the reception notification, whether to accept the communication, and the transmission / reception frequency specified when the communication is accepted.

The reception notification analysis unit 21 analyzes the reception notification, and acquires information such as whether or not the partner station accepts communication and the transmission / reception frequency specified by the partner station when the partner station accepts the communication.

The call receiving unit 31 receives a call message from the partner station. The call message is a digital signal as described above, is transmitted from the partner station on a predetermined carrier wave, and is received by the call reception unit 31 of the own station via the DSC antenna 81. The call receiving unit 31 automatically and continuously receives call messages transmitted from the partner station.

The call message analysis unit 40 analyzes the call message received by the call reception unit 31 to specify the MMSI of the partner station, the transmission / reception frequency that the partner station proposes to use for communication, and the partner station. Information such as the communication method being used and the presence or absence of urgency.

The reception notification transmission unit 32 transmits a reception notification as a response to the call message from the partner station to the partner station by DSC communication. The reception notification is a digital signal as described above, and is transmitted from the reception notification transmission unit 32 via a DSC antenna 81 on a predetermined carrier wave.

The reception notification creation unit 41 creates a reception notification for transmission from the reception notification transmission unit 32 according to a predetermined format. As a general rule, the reception notification creation unit 41 waits for an instruction from the user after the station receives the call trap message, and creates a reception notification based on the instruction. However, in a fixed case, the reception notification creation unit 41 automatically creates a reception notification bag.

The process switching unit 33 changes the subsequent processing on the local station side according to the communication method designated by the partner station to exchange voice when the local station receives a call message. The communication method designated by the partner station can be obtained by analyzing the call message as described above.

Specifically, when the communication method designated by the other station is digital communication, the process switching unit 33 automatically generates a reception notification to the effect that the communication is accepted for the call message by the reception notification creation unit 41. The reception notification is transmitted immediately by the reception notification transmission unit 32. When the digital communication is started, the process switching unit 33 stores the voice mail received by the receiving unit 37 in the receiving voice storage unit 36.

On the other hand, when the communication method designated by the other station for exchanging voice is analog communication, the process switching unit 33 is in the case where the user call mode is selected by the response selection switch 97. The buzzer 95 calls the user of the own station and waits for the user's operation, causes the reception notification creation unit 41 to generate a reception notification corresponding to the operation content, and causes the reception notification transmission unit 32 to transmit the reception notification. Further, the processing switching unit 33 is in the case where the communication method designated by the other station for exchanging voice is analog communication, and when the automatic recording mode is selected by the response selection switch 97. Then, the reception notification creating unit 41 automatically creates a reception notification indicating acceptance of communication for the call message, and the reception notification transmitting unit 32 immediately transmits the reception notification. When the analog communication is started, the process switching unit 33 automatically transmits a response voice indicating that the message can be recorded by the transmission unit 17, and then receives the analog voice signal (partner station) received by the reception unit 37. ) Is stored in the reception voice storage unit 36 based on the digitized message of the user) by the A / D conversion unit 13.

The communication record display unit 38 arranges reception records, which are records obtained by converting the user's voice from the other station into a signal (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “voice data”), for example, in a list format in time series order. The display 92 is controlled to be displayed. This reception record includes, for example, information such as the date and time when the voice data was recorded at the other station, the date and time when the voice data was received at the own station, the MMSI of the other station, and the degree of urgency.

Further, the communication record display unit 38 can also control to display transmission records, which are records in which audio data is transmitted from the local station to the partner station, in time-series order and displayed on the display 92 in a list format. It should be noted that only one of the reception record and the transmission record may be displayed on the bag display 92, or both may be displayed simultaneously.

The communication record display unit 38 can narrow down the reception record and the transmission record based on the MMSI of the partner station and display them on the display 92. In addition, when the user selects an arbitrary partner station while the address book data is displayed, the above-described narrowing is performed, and the communication record display unit 38 receives the gap between the partner station and the own station. Only recording or transmission recording is displayed on the display 92. Thereby, operativity can be improved.

The reproduction processing unit 39 reads the digital audio data corresponding to the reception record designated by the user's operation from the reception audio storage unit 36, and the analog signal is reproduced by the D / A conversion unit 18 and is reproduced by the speaker 94.

Next, the processing performed by the signal / information processing unit 10 when the voice mail mode is selected by the communication switch 96 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows the processing when the wireless device 1 having the above-described configuration is installed in each of the local station and the partner station, and the reception notification can be normally received from the partner station that has received the call message. is there.

First, a voice mail to be transmitted to the partner station is created in advance on the own station side (sequence number 1). Specifically, the user of the local station instructs DSC communication, and designates the MMSI of the partner station and the frequency to be used for transmission / reception by the operation unit 91. After the voice mail mode is selected, the signal / information processing unit 10 controls to display “Please record voice mail” on the display 92. When the user of the own station speaks to the microphone 93 about the content to be transmitted to the other station, the analog signal output from the microphone 93 is digitized by the A / D conversion unit 13 and the digital audio data is transmitted to the transmission audio storage unit. 14 is memorized.

When the storage of the voice mail is completed, the call message creating unit 20 creates a call message for starting communication with the partner station (sequence number 2). As described above, the paging message includes the MMSI of the other station, the MMSI of the own station, the soot frequency proposed to be used for communication by the own station, and information on the communication method for exchanging voices. In the call message created with sequence number 2, digital communication is designated as a communication method for exchanging voice. Signal / information processing unit 10 transmits this call message from call transmission unit 15 to the partner station (sequence number 3).

The signal / information processing unit 10 of the wireless device 1 of the partner station receives the call message by the call reception unit 31 and analyzes the call message by the call message analysis unit 40 (sequence number 4). In the radio apparatus 1 of the counterpart station, a reception notification for accepting the digital communication is automatically created immediately by the reception notification creation unit 41 and transmitted by the reception notification transmission unit 32 (sequence number 5). As described above, the reception notification includes whether or not to accept the communication and the frequency of sending and receiving specified when the communication is accepted. In sequence number 5, if there is no problem with the frequency proposed in the call message, the reception notification creation unit 41 designates the frequency with the reception notification, and if there is a problem, automatically selects another frequency appropriately and receives the notification. Specify with.

When the reception notification receiving unit 16 of the wireless device 1 of the local station receives the reception notification from the partner station, the reception notification analyzing unit 21 analyzes the reception notification (sequence number 6). If the partner station accepts digital communication with the own station and there is no problem with the frequency designated by the partner station, the signal / information processing unit 10 adjusts the frequency to the designation of the partner station as necessary. After that, digital communication is started using the transmission unit 17 and the reception unit 37.

When the digital communication is started, the transmission unit 17 of the wireless device 1 of the local station transmits the voice mail digital voice data stored in the transmission voice storage unit 14 to the partner station (sequence number 7). This voice mail is received by the receiving unit 37 in the radio apparatus 1 of the partner station, and stored as digital voice data in the bag receiving voice storage unit 36 (sequence number 8). When the transmission of the voice mail is completed, a transmission record is created at the own station and stored in an appropriate memory, and a reception record is created at the partner station and stored in an appropriate memory (sequence numbers 9 and 10). The user of the partner station can reproduce and listen to the voice mail stored in the reception voice storage unit 36 at an appropriate timing.

As described above, when both the local station and the partner station support digital communication (that is, a new communication method for transmitting and receiving voice mail as a digital signal), the voice mail (digital voice data) of the user of the local station is used. ) Since is transmitted to the user of the other station by digital communication, it is possible to realize easy to hear sound quality. That is, digital communication is less likely to cause sound quality degradation due to radio wave interference or the like even when communication is performed over a long distance compared to analog communication. In the present embodiment, deterioration in sound quality can be prevented by applying digital communication having such properties in preference to existing analog communication and performing voice communication.

In the case of the wireless device 1 using the MF band / VF band as in the present embodiment, although it is possible to communicate at a low cost, real-time communication by digital communication is difficult because the speed of digital communication is slow with normal band allocation. It is. Since the wireless device 1 of this embodiment, the wireless device 1 of this embodiment transmits the voice in the form of the voice mail to the other station as described above, such as “scheduled to enter the port X on what day of the week after one week” This is suitable for a case where contact is not required for promptness.

In addition, as described above, the voice of the user of the own station is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 13 and compressed, so that the volume of the voice data can be reduced, and the voice data can be transferred at a higher speed. It can be transmitted to the user. Further, since the capacity of the voice soot data is reduced, there is also an advantage that the voice data can be easily stored and stored in a memory or the like at the partner station.

In addition, a known error detection method is used for digital communication for transmitting voice mail from the own station to the other station. If the number of errors detected exceeds a predetermined threshold, the frequency (channel) Changes are proposed from one to the other, and frequency changes are made automatically when possible. Thereby, the quality and stability of digital communication can be improved.

Next, referring to FIG. 4, the processing performed by the trap signal / information processing unit 10 when the voice mail mode is selected by the communication changeover switch 96 in a situation where the partner station does not support digital voice communication. The processing on the local station side will be mainly described. Note that FIG. 4 shows processing in the case where the wireless station 1 of the present embodiment is installed in the own station and the conventional wireless apparatus is installed in the counterpart station. Further, in FIG. 4 and the following description, the description of the same procedure as that shown in FIG.

In FIG. 4, when voice mail data is stored in the transmission voice storage unit 14 in the same manner as described above, the call transmission unit 15 calls a call message (first call message) whose communication method for exchanging voice is digital communication. ) To the other station (sequence number 3).

In the case of the example shown in FIG. 4, the counterpart station receives the call message (sequence number 4). Unlike the case of FIG. 3, the counterpart station should not respond to the voice digital communication, so it responds to this call message. do not do. In this way, if the own station is unable to receive a reception notification from the other station within a certain time, it is assumed that the other station may not support voice digital communication, Try analog communication instead of digital communication.

Specifically, the call message creating unit 20 creates a call message (second call message) including information that uses analog communication as a communication method for exchanging voice (sequence number 5). The call transmitter 15 transmits this call message to the partner station (sequence number 6).

The partner station receives the call message (sequence number 7). Since the partner station is compatible with voice analog communication, when the user of the partner station accepts the communication and designates an appropriate frequency, a reception notification indicating that the communication is accepted is transmitted (sequence number 8).

When the wireless device 1 of the local station receives the reception notification from the partner station, the reception notification analysis unit 21 analyzes the reception notification (sequence number 9). If the partner station has approved the start of analog communication and there is no problem with the frequency designated by the partner station, the signal / information processing unit 10 adjusts the frequency to the designation of the partner station as necessary. Then, analog communication is started using the transmitter 17 and the receiver 37. This analog communication is performed by SSB, for example.

When analog communication is started, the signal / information processing unit 10 transmits a predetermined voice guidance by analog communication by the transmission unit 17 (sequence number 10). The voice guidance includes at least one of a message that the previously recorded message is to be reproduced and a message that the call is dedicated for reproduction. After transmitting the voice guidance, the signal / information processing unit 10 converts the voice mail digital voice data stored in the transmission voice storage unit 14 into an analog signal によって by the D / A conversion unit 18, and the transmission unit 17 Transmit by analog communication (sequence number 11). Therefore, the user of the partner station can substantially listen to the content of the voice mail created on the local station side following the voice guidance. Thereafter, a transmission record is created in the own station and stored in an appropriate memory (sequence number 12).

As described above, the local station supports digital audio communication. However, if the partner station supports only analog audio communication, the user's voice of the local station is converted into an analog signal for analog communication. It can be delivered and can respond flexibly according to the situation of the partner station. In other words, even if the wireless device of the partner station is the wireless device 1 (wireless device supporting digital audio communication) having the configuration of the present embodiment, the conventional wireless device (corresponding only to audio analog communication) is supported. Even a wireless device that is not connected can perform voice communication. Further, since analog voice is transmitted to the other station with voice guidance added, it is possible to prevent a user of the other station from answering or interacting with the voice.

In the sequence diagram of FIG. 4, a call message including information in which the communication method for exchanging voice is digital communication is transmitted from the call transmission unit 15 only once (sequence number 3), and then a predetermined time is set. If the reception notification receiving unit 16 does not receive the reception notification even after the elapse of time, the communication method is changed from digital communication to analog communication, and the call message is transmitted again (sequence number 6). However, there may be a case where the call message does not reach the other station due to radio wave conditions. Therefore, before changing the communication method to analog communication, a call message including information indicating that the communication method is digital communication may be transmitted from the call transmission unit 15 again. The re-calling may be performed only once or may be repeated several times. That is, for the first time when the reception notification receiving unit 16 does not receive a reception notification within a predetermined time even if the call transmission unit 15 transmits a call message whose communication method is digital communication for a predetermined number of times of two or more, the communication is not performed. It is possible to configure to send a call message in which the above method is changed to analog communication. In this case, it is possible to increase the possibility of using digital communication that is unlikely to cause deterioration in sound quality.

Further, in the sequence diagram of FIG. 4, when changing the communication method for exchanging voice from digital communication to analog communication, the caller sends a call message including information indicating that the communication method is analog communication from the call transmission unit 15. It is transmitted only once (sequence number 6). However, in the same way as described above, if the call message including the information that the communication method is analog communication is not transmitted only once, but the reception notification from the partner station is not received within a predetermined time after transmission, It is also possible to re-transmit a call message including information on the method of analog communication. The re-calling may be performed only once or may be repeated a plurality of times. In this way, the user of the other station can surely hear the voice data from the own station by transmitting the same call message 再度 again after the time has passed.

Note that when the communication changeover switch 96 is switched to the bidirectional mode instead of the above voice mail mode, the wireless device 1 operates in substantially the same manner as a conventional wireless device. Hereinafter, the operation of the kite in the bidirectional mode will be briefly described. When the user of the local station instructs the DSC communication and designates the MMSI of the partner station and the frequency to be used for transmission / reception by the operation unit 91, the call trap message creating unit 20 includes information indicating that the communication method is analog communication. A call message is created, and this call message is transmitted from the call transmission unit 15 to the partner station (no voice mail is created). Thereafter, the call reception unit 31 receives a reception notification from the partner station, and the reception notification analysis unit 21 analyzes the reception notification. If the analog communication is accepted, the analog communication is established and a two-way real-time call is realized.

As described above, in the wireless device 1 according to the present embodiment, when the user appropriately operates the communication changeover switch 96, the pre-recorded voice is transmitted unilaterally from the own station or between the own station and the partner station. It is possible to select whether to make a two-way real-time call according to the situation, and it can be said that the convenience is excellent.

Next, the processing of the signal / information processing unit 10 when the partner station calls the wireless device 1 of the present embodiment as its own station by requesting analog communication will be described. As described above, by appropriately operating the response selection switch 97, the user can switch the mode relating to the operation of the wireless device 1 in this case to either the user call mode or the automatic recording mode.

First, the processing in the user call mode will be described with reference to FIG. It is assumed that the wireless device 1 described above is installed at least in the own station.

First, information that the communication method for exchanging voice is analog communication and information on the frequency used for the call (frequency proposed by the partner station) when the user appropriately operates the radio device of the partner station. Is created (sequence number 1). The created call message is transmitted from the partner station by DSC communication (sequence number 2).

The call message is received by the call reception unit 31 of the local station via the DSC antenna 81 and analyzed by the call message analysis unit 40 (sequence number 3). As a result, the signal / information processing unit 10 acquires that the communication method proposed by the partner station for analog communication is analog communication, and the frequency proposed by the partner station.

Since the user call mode is selected by the response selection switch 97, the processing switching unit 33 performs subsequent processing (control) so that the local station and the partner station can make a two-way call in real time.

Specifically, the signal / information processing unit 10 rings the buzzer 95 to call the user of the own station and waits for the user's instruction (sequence number 4). The user of the local station operates the operation collar unit 91 to instruct whether to accept communication. In addition, when accepting communication, the user instructs the frequency to accept the use by operating the operation unit 91 with reference to the frequency proposed by the partner station by the call message. When the user performs an operation of accepting the communication, the reception notification creating unit 41 creates a reception notification indicating that the communication is accepted based on the operation (hereinafter, referred to as a “communication acceptance operation”), This reception notification is transmitted to the other station by the reception notification transmitting unit 32 (sequence number No. 5).

The partner station that received this reception notification adjusts the frequency as necessary to establish analog communication. Thereafter, a two-way call is performed in real time between the own station and the other station.

Next, the processing in the automatic recording mode will be described with reference to FIG.

As in the case of FIG. 5, a call message is generated from the other station that includes information indicating that the communication method for exchanging voice is analog communication, and information on the frequency used for the call (frequency proposed by the other station). And transmitted by DSC communication (sequence numbers 1 and 2).

The call message transmitted from the partner station is received by the call reception unit 31 of the own station and analyzed by the call message analysis unit 40 (sequence number 3). As a result, the signal / information processing unit 10 obtains that the communication method proposed by the counterpart station for voice exchange is analog communication, and the frequency proposed by the counterpart station.

Since the automatic recording mode is selected by the response selection switch 97, the process switching unit 33 records the audio data from the partner station and then allows the user of the own station to listen at an arbitrary timing. The process (control) is performed.

Specifically, the reception notification creation unit 41 automatically creates a reception notification indicating that the communication is accepted (without calling a user or waiting for an operation). To the other station (sequence number 4). At this time, if there is no particular problem as the frequency for which the use is approved, the same frequency as the frequency proposed by the partner station is designated in the call message.

The partner station that received this reception notification receives the reception notification and analyzes it (sequence number 5). Thereafter, the partner station establishes analog communication by adjusting the frequency as necessary.

When analog communication is started, the signal / information processing unit 10 of the own station immediately transmits a response voice indicating that the user of the own station cannot record a call but can record a message by analog communication (sequence number). 6). The user of the partner station speaks the content of the message according to the response voice, and the partner station transmits the voice by analog communication (sequence number 7). The receiving unit 37 of the own station receives the analog signal, converts the analog signal into a digital signal by the A / D conversion unit 13, and stores it as digital audio data in the reception audio storage unit 36 (sequence number 8). Thereafter, a reception record is created in the own station and stored in an appropriate memory (sequence number 9).

The communication record display unit 38 can display a list of reception records stored in the memory on the display 92. When the user operates the operation unit 91 to select a reception record corresponding to the digital audio data from the displayed reception record list, the reproduction processing unit 39 corresponds to the reception record. Digital audio data is acquired from the reception audio storage unit 36, converted into an analog signal by the D / A conversion unit 18, and reproduced by the speaker 94. Thereby, since the user of the own station can listen to the message of the user of the other station at an arbitrary timing, the convenience can be improved.

As described above, the configuration in which the user call mode or the automatic recording mode can be selected by the response selection switch 97 has the following advantages. That is, when there is a situation in which a call cannot be started immediately when there is a call message from the partner station, the automatic recording mode is selected and the voice data from the partner station is sent to the reception / notification transmission unit 32. After recording, it can be played back and heard through the speaker 94. At this time, since the analog signal received from the partner station is converted into a digital signal, the data can be easily compressed, thereby efficiently using the storage area of the reception voice storage unit 36 (memory). Can do. On the other hand, in a situation where a call can be started immediately when a call message is received from the other station, a two-way call can be started immediately by selecting the user call mode.

Further, as described above, in the wireless device 1, the communication record display unit 38 can display the transmission record or the reception record on the display 92 in chronological order, and can grasp the outline of the communication performed in the past. It is easy. In addition, when the user performs an appropriate operation, it is possible to display only the content (transmission record or reception record) of communication between a specific partner station and the own station, so that a more organized form can be displayed. The display with is possible.

As described above, the wireless device 1 according to the present embodiment is capable of performing voice communication between a ship and the land or between the ship and the ship by radio. The wireless device 1 includes a microphone 93, an A / D conversion unit 13, a transmission voice storage unit 14, a call transmission unit 15, a reception notification reception unit 16, and a transmission unit 17. The microphone 93 hatches the user's voice of its own station as an analog signal. The A / D converter 13 converts the analog signal output from the microphone 93 into a digital signal. The transmission voice storage unit 14 stores digital data based on the digital signal output from the A / D conversion unit 13. The call transmission unit 15 transmits a call message including MMSI as information for specifying a communication partner station, a frequency used for communication with the communication partner station, and communication method information for exchanging sound and voice. The reception notification receiving unit 16 receives a reception notification transmitted from the partner station that has received the call message. When the reception notification receiving unit 16 receives a reception notification indicating that communication is accepted, the transmission unit 17 transmits the digital signal stored in the transmission voice storage unit 14 to the other station by digital communication.

Thereby, since the voice of the user of the local station can be transmitted to the user of the partner station by digital communication, it is possible to reduce the deterioration of the sound quality even in the long distance communication.

Although a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the above configuration can be modified as follows, for example.

When the other station does not support digital communication for exchanging voice, the other station does not respond to the call message as shown by sequence number 4 in FIG. You may send to. In this case, the local station that has received the notification that the call is rejected can immediately be configured to send a call message that uses analog communication as a communication method for exchanging voice to the other station. .

The digital data stored in the reception voice storage unit 36 may be configured to be output from the wireless device 1 to an external device via an appropriate network. By using a known audio file format as the digital audio data storage format in the reception audio storage unit 36, the contents of the data can be easily confirmed by an external device. In particular, since the digital audio data stored in the reception audio storage unit 36 is a message transmitted unilaterally from the other station, a device that does not have a receiver with a Press-To-Talk button (for example, ECDIS or general-purpose PC), the contents of the digital data can be confirmed without any problem.

Connect the GNSS receiver to the wireless device 1, acquire and store the position information of the ship at the time of voice mail recording from the GNSS receiver, and store the position information of the ship at the time of transmission of the voice mail by digital communication. You may comprise so that it may transmit together.

Instead of the configuration in which the mode is switched by the communication switch 96 and the response selection switch 97, the mode may be switched by, for example, a key or a button. The operation unit 91 may also function as the communication changeover switch 96 and the response selection switch 97.

In the above-described embodiment, the operation unit 91 is configured as a so-called dial, key, or the like. Alternatively, for example, the operation unit 91 may be configured as a touch panel bag integrated with the display 92. Further, instead of the buzzer 95, the user may be prompted to respond by lighting a lamp or the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Radio | wireless apparatus 13 A / D conversion part 14 Transmission voice memory | storage part 15 Call transmission part 16 Reception notification reception part 17 Transmission part 18 D / A conversion part 33 Process switching part 36 Reception voice memory part 38 Communication recording display part 39 Playback Processing unit 40 Call message analysis unit 91 Operation unit 93 Microphone (voice input unit)
94 Speaker (Audio playback unit)
96 Communication selector switch (communication selector)
97 Response selection switch (Response selection section)

Claims

In a wireless device capable of performing voice communication between a ship and land or between a ship and a ship by radio,
A voice input unit that inputs the voice of the user of the local station and converts it into an analog signal;
An A / D converter that converts an analog signal output by the voice input unit into a digital signal;
An audio storage unit for transmission that stores digital data based on the digital signal output by the A / D converter;
A call transmission unit for transmitting a call message including identification information for identifying a communication partner station, a frequency used for communication with the communication partner station, and a communication method;
A reception notification receiving unit that receives a reception notification transmitted from the partner station that has received the call message;
A transmission unit that transmits a digital signal stored in the transmission voice storage unit to the other station by digital communication when the reception notification reception unit receives a notification of acceptance of communication;
A wireless device comprising:
The wireless device according to claim 1,
A radio apparatus comprising: a compression unit that compresses the digital signal converted by the A / D conversion unit.
The wireless device according to claim 1 or 2,
A D / A converter for converting a digital signal into an analog signal;
The call transmission unit transmits a first call message including information on a communication method of digital communication;
After the first call message is transmitted, if the reception notification receiving unit does not receive a reception notification indicating that the communication is accepted within a predetermined time, the call transmission unit transmits information indicating that the communication method is analog communication. Send a second call message containing
After the second call message is transmitted, when the reception notification receiving unit receives a notification of acceptance of communication, the transmission unit receives digital data based on the digital data stored in the transmission voice storage unit. A radio apparatus characterized in that a signal converted into an analog signal by the D / A converter is transmitted to an opposite station by analog communication.
The wireless device according to claim 3,
When the transmission unit transmits a digital signal based on the digital data stored in the transmission voice storage unit to an analog signal and transmits the analog signal to the other station by analog communication, the response is sent to the analog signal. A wireless device that transmits voice guidance including an automatic response.
The wireless device according to claim 3 or 4,
After the transmission of the second call message, if the reception notification receiving unit does not receive a notification of acceptance of communication within a predetermined time, the call transmission unit transmits the second call message again. A wireless device characterized.
A wireless device according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
After the transmission of the first call message, if the reception notification receiving unit does not receive a notification of acceptance of communication within a predetermined time, the call transmission unit transmits the first call message again,
If the reception notification receiver does not receive a reception notification even though the call transmission unit transmits the first call message for a predetermined number of times more than once, the call transmission unit transmits the second call message. A wireless device characterized by the above.
A wireless device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
It has an operation unit that accepts user input,
The designation of the partner station is performed by the user of the own station selecting from the list of registered items registered in advance by operating the operation unit,
The call transmission unit automatically selects a frequency to be used for communication with a partner station from at least one available frequency registered in advance.
The wireless device according to claim 1 or 2,
A communication switching unit for switching between the user's own user's voice being transmitted to the other station as a voice mail by digital communication or the user of the own station and the user of the other station making a two-way call by analog communication A wireless device further comprising:
In a wireless device capable of performing voice communication between a ship and land or between a ship and a ship by radio,
A call receiver for receiving a call message from the other station;
A call message analysis unit for analyzing a call message received by the call reception unit;
According to the communication method designated by the other station, obtained by analyzing the call message by the call message analysis unit, a process switching unit that changes the processing on the local station side,
A user call section for calling a user of the own station;
A reception notification transmission unit that transmits a reception notification for the call message received by the call reception unit to a partner station;
A receiving voice storage unit for storing digital voice data of the voice of the user of the partner station, which is subsequently received from the partner station that has received the call message;
An audio playback unit for playing audio,
A reproduction processing unit that causes the audio reproduction unit to reproduce audio based on the digital audio data stored in the reception audio storage unit in response to an operation of a user of the own station;
With
The process switching unit
As a result of analyzing the call message by the call message analysis unit, if the communication method specified by the other station is analog communication, the communication approval operation of the user of the own station called by the user call unit On the basis of the transmission of the reception notification to the effect that the communication is accepted to the partner station, while exchanging voice by analog communication between the partner station and the own station,
As a result of the call message analysis unit analyzing the call message, if the communication method specified by the other station is digital communication, the reception notification transmission unit automatically sends a reception notification to the effect that the communication is accepted. A radio apparatus characterized by storing digital audio data transmitted to a counterpart station and subsequently transmitted from the counterpart station in the reception voice storage unit.
The wireless device according to claim 9, comprising:
A communication record display unit for displaying a reception record that is a record of the digital voice data based on the voice of the user at the other station stored in the reception voice storage unit;
When the user of the local station performs an operation of selecting a specific received record from the received records displayed on the communication record display unit, the reproduction processing unit performs audio based on the digital audio data corresponding to the received record. Is reproduced by the audio reproduction unit.
The wireless device according to claim 10, comprising:
The wireless apparatus, wherein the communication record display unit displays a transmission record, which is a record of transmitting voice data of a user of the local station, in time-series order together with the reception record.
The wireless device according to claim 10 or 11,
The radio apparatus characterized in that the communication record display unit can narrow down and display the received records only to those between the other station selected by the user and the own station.
The wireless device according to any one of claims 9 to 12,
As a mode related to a response on the local station side when the call receiving unit receives a call message, the call receiving unit further includes a response selection unit for the user to select either the user call mode or the automatic recording mode,
The process switching unit
If the communication method specified by the partner station is analog communication and the automatic recording mode is selected in the response selection unit, a reception notification indicating that the communication is accepted is sent. The unit automatically transmits to the other station, and then converts the analog signal received from the other station into a digital signal and records the digital voice data in the reception voice storage unit,
If the communication method specified by the other station is analog communication and the user call mode is selected in the response selection unit, the communication of the user of the own station called by the user call unit Based on the acceptance operation, the reception notification to the effect that the communication is accepted is transmitted to the partner station, and a two-way call is performed by exchanging each voice by analog communication between the user of the partner station and the user of the own station. A wireless device.