WO2017054951A1

WO2017054951A1 - System and method for automatically eliminating an excessively increased influencing voltage in an energy bus

Info

Publication number: WO2017054951A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/066920
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bernhard Koller; Anton Reichlin
Original assignee: Siemens Schweiz Ag
Priority date: 2015-10-02
Filing date: 2016-07-15
Publication date: 2017-04-06
Also published as: EP3356199A1; EP3150461A1

Abstract

The invention discloses a system (Sys) and a method for automatically eliminating an excessively increased influencing voltage in an energy bus (EB) via which decentralized functional units (E) arranged in an industrial system are supplied with electrical energy, wherein: a) superordinate control system (STW) is provided which exchanges information with the decentralized functional units (E) by means of data telegrams via a data bus (CB, NB1, NB2), b) network node units (SND) are arranged sequentially between two feed points (PS1, PS2) of a ring-type energy bus (EB), which feed points (PS1, PS2) provide the decentralized functional units (E) with access to the energy bus (EB) and optionally also to the data bus (CB, NB1, NB2), c) the network node units (SND) have a controllable switching module (S) which comprises a first switch (S1) and a second switch (S2), wherein each of the two switches (S1, S2) can be used to switch access to the two feed points (PS1, PS2), d) an evaluation module (CPU, SL) is provided which measures the influencing voltage and compares it with a limiting value and/or examines the energy bus (EB) for the presence of an earth fault of one of the conductors of the energy bus, wherein, when the limiting value for the influencing voltage is exceeded and/or when there is an earth fault, one of the two switches (S2) of a network node unit (SND4) can be opened.

Description

A system and method for automatically eliminating excessive bias voltage in an energy bus

The present invention relates to a system and method for automatically eliminating a

excessive influencing voltage in a power bus, are supplied via the arranged in an industrial plant decentralized functional units with electrical energy.

Such decentralized functional units are in

Particular in rail networks, for example, used as the railway where they are used to

To control vehicle influencing and / or vehicle monitoring units and to monitor the functionality and to record process data and report back to a central control and / or monitoring center, such as a control center or a signal box. As train-influencing units, that is

Give instructions to the driver or even make direct intervention in the vehicle control or directly set a safe track, for example, signals, switches, balises, line conductors, track magnets and the like, as well as sensors for detecting

Process variables of the moving train, such as

Power consumption, speed and the like can be considered. As a train and track section

Monitoring units can also use balises and

Line conductors, but also axle counters and track circuits and other train detection systems are called.

Basically, however, the present invention relates to all industrial installations in which functional

Units are distributed over longer distances and still need to be controlled centrally. The central controller can be perceived by a stationary control center, but also by a non-stationary virtual control center. In railway traffic, it is usually the case that these decentralized functional units are controlled by an interlocking or a remote interlocking computer. For the data transfer between the signal box and the

Function units in the track area are today in the

Usually standardized copper cables are provided for whose classical travel distances due to the physical transmission parameters, the cable coverings (RLC), at 10 km in practice is the upper limit. For certain types of functional units, however, this upper limit can only be at a maximum of 6.5 km.

From the project Sinet® Siemens Siemens AG and the corresponding European patent application EP 2 301 202 AI are a device and a method for controlling and / or monitoring of along a

Transport network arranged decentralized

Functional units are known which comprise the following key points:

a) a higher-level control system which exchanges information with the decentralized functional units by means of data telegrams,

b) a data transport network with a number of

Network access points, where the parent

Control system is coupled via at least one network access point on the data transport network;

c) communication units, each at a

Network access point are connected, wherein:

d) the decentralized functional units are combined into subgroups, each with its own subnetwork; and where

e) the subnetwork of each of the subgroups at each of its two ends is coupled to the data transport network via a communication unit and via a network access point.

In this way, for the coupling of the decentralized functional units, a digital data transport network which in any way is robust against a simple error event, nevertheless a very

skillful use of very widely used in railway engineering copper cables, for example, previously available interlocking cables, and finally requires only a relatively small number of network access points.

Such a device is in particular

advantageous for a rail network for the

Railway traffic can be used. Consequently, then

expediently, by means of the decentralized functional units traffic-monitoring and traffic-controlling

Functional units, in particular signals, switches, axle counters, track circuits, point and line-shaped

Train control elements to couple to the data transport network.

The construction of technical facilities, especially in the railway infrastructure, is due to the more than 100 years of history of industrial plant construction and the

Railway system designed for robustness and reliability. In the former conception, the outer elements of the railway safety systems were connected in particular via relatively strong cable cores in order to be able to reliably detect the switching states over the defined distances, ie. the design is carried out according to the

Peak loads with sufficient reserve. With the switching operation of the outer elements is on the

Energy supply also transmitted the information. It follows, however, in an obvious way, that the

possible distances are limited by the detectable energy flow. Under current flexibility, cost and resource policy aspects, these established concepts are urgently needed in addition to the communication structure disclosed by EP 2 301 202 AI

Energy supply to innovate and so the previous

Coupling of information and energy dissolve. For this purpose, the international patent application WO 2013/013908 AI discloses a solution. This solution sees one

Device and method for operating distributed in an industrial plant decentralized

Functional units, comprising:

b) a data transport network with a number of

Network access points, where the parent

c) communication units which are connected to a network access point and provide access to the data transport network to the decentralized functional units, and

d) an energy transport network to which the decentralized

Function units are connected and that the

decentralized functional units supplied with electrical energy. That's the way it is now

Energy transport network completely decoupled from a signal box. Based on today's interlocking architecture with decentralized stations, but point-to-point energy supply, this is a new, innovative approach, which was sold by Siemens Switzerland AG under the name Sigrid®. Today's cable-intensive and labor-intensive point-to-point connections for the

Power supply or the power supply of the peripheral elements along the track (element controller or decentralized functional unit called) are replaced by wire-saving and easy-to-install bus or

Ring lines.

However, the solution disclosed in WO 2013/013908 A1 is by no means limited to the one described above Application of the interlocking architecture of railway facilities, but goes far beyond. As future

Examples are the energy management for buildings or for large plants in the producing or

manufacturing industry based on decentralized

Seen energy supply.

If the power bus between two interlockings or other facilities with connection to the

Energy supply networks is laid, so the

Supply of the connected consumers (decentralized functional units) from both feed sides. This creates a previously unavailable redundancy of the energy supply. The decentralized

Function units - also called element controllers or EC for short) are thereby connected to the data bus and the power bus by means of network node units - also called bus couplers or SNDs for short - Smart Node Device

Control, monitoring and diagnostic functions

can take over. The SND can, for example, the

Disconnect or connect the power bus and measure currents and voltages in the power bus.

Simple defects, such as short circuits,

Earth faults or interruptions, in the power bus do not lead with correct treatment due to the redundancy

directly to a failure of elements. In the case of a failed feed side, the supply of all decentralized functional elements would be taken over by the second feed side.

When supplying the decentralized functional units, distances of 20 km and more are now to be achieved for the energy bus. All cables and here

Particularly in the present case of the power bus for railway operation, the wires of the power bus, which are arranged in the vicinity of the traction power supply (contact wire), are an influencing voltage due to the cable covering exposed. In this case, the influencing ohmic, capacitive and / or inductive nature. The inductive mode of influence is with the presence of the

Traction power supply in this case, the dominant influence and acts as a common mode source, coupled with potential-free wires an equal, in-phase noise signal with the frequency of the contact wire feed.

In accordance with the current regulations in the railway sector, precautions must be taken at the plant so that the

Influence voltage on the cables along the

Never greater than a predetermined limit value for the influencing voltage, e.g. 250 VAC, will. With the knowledge of the maximum possible traction current and

further affecting the influencing voltage

Sizes, e.g. the characteristics of the power cable, the grounding conditions, etc.) and the given

Limit value, it is possible to calculate the maximum allowable length of the power bus mathematically. Current calculations currently show that at

conventional systems, TSI (Technical Specifications for Interoperability) or high-speed lines with energy bus lengths in the range of 10 km, the permissible limits are reached, which is unsatisfactory in terms of the actually desired length of 20 km and more. Therefore, the effects of the influence voltages are to be considered exactly. The present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a system and a method for automatically eliminating an excessive influencing voltage in an energy bus, which provides decentralized functional units arranged in an industrial plant with electrical energy. It should be too high influencing voltage in the power bus and / or a

Earth fault can be reliably and quickly detected, so that immediate measures to restore the correct function of the power bus can be initiated.

The object is achieved with respect to the system according to the invention by a system for automatically eliminating an excessive influencing voltage in an energy bus, over which in an industrial plant

arranged decentralized functional units with

electrical energy are supplied, wherein:

a) a higher-level control system is provided, which with the decentralized functional units means

Data telegrams exchanges information via a data bus,

b) network node units sequentially between two

Feeding points of a ring-shaped power bus are arranged, the decentralized functional units access to the power bus and optionally also to

Provide data bus,

c) the network node units via a controllable

Have switching module comprising a first switch and a second switch, wherein with the two switches per access to the two feed points is switchable, d) an evaluation module is provided which the

Measures influencing voltage and compares it with a limit value and / or examines the energy bus for the presence of a ground fault of one of the wires of the power bus, wherein when the limit value for the influencing voltage and / or in the presence of a ground fault, one of the two switches

Network node unit is apparent.

Regarding the method, this task

According to the invention, solved by a method for automatically removing an excessive influencing voltage in an energy bus, are supplied via the arranged in an industrial plant decentralized functional units with electrical energy, wherein: a) a higher-level control system is provided, which with the decentralized functional units means

Data telegrams exchanges information via a data bus,

b) network node units sequentially between two

Provide data bus,

c) the network node units via a controllable

Network node unit is opened.

In this way, it is ensured that the power bus is interrupted by the targeted separation of one of the two switches of a network node unit, but due to the redundant feed into the power bus from the two sides no consumer is disconnected from the power bus and thus all decentralized functional units for the industrial / rail operations

stay available.

In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the two feed points can draw their energy from two independent energy networks and feed them electrically isolated in the power bus. Thus, the power bus is potential-free display and has due to the independence of the two energy networks on an extremely high availability. It may be particularly advantageous if the network node unit which opens a switch has previously been configured for this application. In this way, no communication among the network node units with each other is required, but it is enough alone the detection of excessive interference voltage

and / or a ground fault. The network node unit thus determined may perform the bus disconnection even when the power bus is in the state

Ground fault is located and if necessary. In addition, even the influencing voltage exceeds the corresponding limit. This measurement can be left to this predetermined network node unit alone.

In a further advantageous embodiment of

Invention can open a switch

Network node unit may be arranged in the region of the geographical center of the power bus. For example, in the event of a ground fault, it is possible to roughly halve the inductive effect of the contact wire on the power bus, so that twice as much distance can be achieved for the power bus. In addition, in the case of a

Ground fault, the danger for the maintenance staff also about halved.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention, which practically requires no communication between the network node units in this regard, can be achieved if each network node unit itself has the evaluation module.

Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention can be taken from the remaining subclaims.

Advantageous embodiments of the present invention

Invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Showing: Figure 1 in schematic view a

Interlocking architecture with a data bus and an energy bus;

Figure 2 is a schematic view of a network node unit for connecting a decentralized

Functional unit with the data bus and power bus; and

Figure 3 is a schematic view of an example of the

Interruption of the power bus by a network node unit. Figure 1 shows schematically a interlocking architecture with a system Sys, which i.a. a signal box STW, a redunant degraded data backbone NB1, NB2, one

Data bus CB and an energy bus EB with two

Supply points PS1 and PS2 has. The interlocking STW controls a train traffic on a track section G, in which signals S, points W, a level crossing Bue and axle counter AC are arranged. These train protection and train control components each couple to a decentralized functional unit - also called element controller unit E - on the data bus CB and the power bus EB. The decentralized functional units E are connected to the annular data bus CB in such a way that either access to the data backbone NB1 or NB2 is given via each side of the annular data bus CB. The data bus CB couples with corresponding

Routers / switches SW to the respective data backbone NB1, NB2. In addition, the sequential connection of the element controller unit E to the ring-shaped power bus EB ensures that each element Controller Unit E can be supplied redundantly with electrical energy from both sides. FIG. 2 shows schematically the data and energy supply connection of the element

Controller unit E of a train control component, here for example a switch W, to the data bus CB and the power bus EB. Such an attachment point comprises a network node unit SND and the actual element

Controller EC. The network node unit SND comprises a communication unit SCU for data exchange over both branches of the data bus CB. Energy side is the

Network node unit SND designed so that it couples to both branches of the power bus EB and thus always, if necessary, over other network node units SND away - an access to two feed points PS1 and PS2 consists (as shown in Figure 1).

The network node unit SND further has a

Control and evaluation logic SL, which may be integrated, for example, in a switching module S, and thus controls and monitors the power bus EB. In particular

detects the control and evaluation logic SL

Overcurrents and / or voltage dips

and / or bias voltages within the

Energy bus EB and / or the connected

Consumers (SPU with EC) and evaluates this data u.a. to a possible ground fault of a wire of the power bus EB and / or exceeding the threshold value for the influencing voltage.

Thus, the network node unit SND is always supplied in redundant manner from two sides with electrical energy and therefore has in the context of the switching module S via a left switch Sl and a right switch S2 and a load switch S3 to

Supply unit SPU of the element controller EC.

The network node unit SND also supplies the

Communication unit SCU with voltage and can use this also via an Ethernet connection data and is thus integrated into the data bus CB (eg activating the manual operation of the SND via

Remote access and actuation of the switches Sl to S3, delivery of diagnostic data to the interlocking or a

superordinate service and diagnostic system, query of the current voltages, currents, energy and energy

Power values, parameterization of the SND, data for

Charging a not shown here

Energy storage or the registration of a future power requirement). In the network node unit SND is here via the switch S3, the supply unit SPU

integrated, the voltage of the power bus EB to those required for the element controller EC

Input voltage converted. There is also one

Data connection between the switching module S of

Network node unit SND and the supply unit SPU, e.g. in the form of a serial RS 422, provided.

Energy-technically typical here is, for example, a three-phase connection with 400 VAC. The element

Controller EC controls and supplies the switch W in FIG. 2 in the present case. The element controller EC receives data telegrams from a higher-level one

Signaling computer CPU via an Ethernet connection from the communication unit SCU and gives about this

Communication unit SCU the feedback to the

Interlocking CPU. The interlocking computer CPU can also represent a corresponding evaluation module that evaluates the received data as intended. In the present case, however, emphasis is placed in this embodiment on the control and evaluation logic SL integrated in the network node unit.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an example of the separation of the power bus EB in the case of FIG

Detection of a ground fault and / or an excessive

Value for the influencing voltage. PS1 or PS2 are the feed points for the power bus EB. In the course of the feed point PS1 is also as left Feed point PS1 and correspondingly the feed point PS2 referred to as the right feed point PS2. In the present illustration, seven network node units SND1 to SND7 are sequentially inserted in the power bus EB

connected. The entire power consumers of the Element Controller Unit E are hereby referred to as consumers VI to V7. Power consumers in this sense are u.a. the element controller EC and the upstream supply unit SPU.

Each network node unit SND1 to SND7 measures the

Influence voltages and checks for the presence of a non-operational ground fault. If now the limit value for the influencing voltage is exceeded and / or the presence of a ground fault is detected, the energy bus EB is correspondingly separated by the network node units SND4. For this purpose, the network node unit SND 4 is configured such that it opens its right switch S2. Consumers VI to V4 are then only one-sided from the left

Supply point PS1 supplied and the consumers V5 to V7 accordingly only from the right feed point PS2. By the separation of the energy busses in the

Fault "ground fault" and / or in case of fault "excessive influence voltage", which is located approximately at the closest to the geographical center of the power bus

Node unit SND4 is made, the effect of the inductive influence of the wires of the power bus EB is approximately halved by a contact wire not shown here. In this way, the power bus, as shown in Figure 3, have a length of about 20 km.

In the present case, the energy bus EB is fed by two independent energy networks ENI, EN2. The infeed at the supply points PS1, PS2 is isolated. In the solution by the separation of the power bus EB is particularly taken into account that the influencing voltage usually then becomes systemically important if, due to a fault in a wire of the power bus EB, there is a ground fault, which also represents a considerable source of danger for an electric shock for the maintenance personnel. By the separation of the energy bus EB approximately in the

Geographical center also this danger is approximately halved. After the separation, the correspondingly configured network node unit SND4 sends a corresponding message to a diagnosis and maintenance unit, which can then take care of the elimination of the ground fault and / or the excessive influencing voltage.

Claims

claims

1. System (Sys) for automatically eliminating an excessive interference voltage in an energy bus (EB), via the arranged in an industrial plant decentralized functional units (E) with electrical

Be supplied with energy, wherein:

a) a higher-level control system (STW) is provided, which with the decentralized functional units (E) by means of data telegrams information about a

Data bus (CB, NB1, NB2) exchanges,

b) network node units (SND, SND1 to SND7) are arranged sequentially between two feed points (PS1, PS2) of a ring-shaped power bus (EB), which gives the decentralized functional units (E) access to the power bus (EB) and optionally also to the data bus ( CB),

c) the network node units (SND) have a controllable switching module (S) comprising a first switch (Sl) and a second switch (S2), wherein the two switches (Sl, S2) each have access to the two feed points (S) PS1, PS2) is switchable,

d) an evaluation module (CPU, SL) is provided which measures the influencing voltage and compares it with a limit value and / or examines the energy bus (EB) for the presence of a ground fault of one of the wires of the power bus, wherein when the limit value for the influencing voltage is exceeded and / or in the presence of a ground fault one of the two switches (S2) of a network node unit (SND4) is opened.

2. System according to claim 1,

characterized in that

the two feeding points draw their energy from two independent energy networks and these

electrically isolated feed into the power bus.

3. System according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized in that the switch opening network node unit has been previously configured for this application.

4. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

the switch opening network node unit is arranged in the region of the geographical center of the power bus.

5. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

Each network node unit (SND, SND1 to SND7) has an evaluation module (SL).

6. Method for automatically eliminating a

excessive influencing voltage in an energy bus (EB), via the arranged in an industrial plant decentralized functional units (E) with electrical

Be supplied with energy, wherein:

Data bus (CB, NB1, NB2) exchanges,

b) network node units (SND) sequentially between two feed points (PS1, PS2) of a ring-shaped

Energy bus (EB) are arranged, the decentralized functional units (E) access to the power bus (EB) and optionally also to the data bus (CB, NB1, NB2)

provide,

c) the network node units (SND) via a controllable

Switching module (S) having a first switch (Sl) and a second switch (S2), wherein with the two switches (Sl, S2) each have access to the two feed points (PS1, PS2) is switchable,

d) an evaluation module (CPU, SL) is provided which measures the influencing voltage and compares it with a limit value and / or the energy bus (EB) for the presence of a ground fault of one of the wires of the power bus investigated, wherein when exceeding the threshold value for the influencing voltage and / or in the presence of a ground fault one of the two switches (S2) of a network node unit (SND4) is apparent.

7. The method according to claim 6,

characterized in that

electrically isolated feed into the power bus.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7,

characterized in that

the switch opening network node unit has been previously configured for this application.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 6 to 8, characterized in that

the switch-opening hub unit is located near the geographic center of the power bus.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 6 to 9, characterized in that

Each network node unit (SND, SND1 to SND7) has an evaluation module (SL).