WO2012161131A1 - Fluidized bed drying device - Google Patents
Fluidized bed drying device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012161131A1 WO2012161131A1 PCT/JP2012/062838 JP2012062838W WO2012161131A1 WO 2012161131 A1 WO2012161131 A1 WO 2012161131A1 JP 2012062838 W JP2012062838 W JP 2012062838W WO 2012161131 A1 WO2012161131 A1 WO 2012161131A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drying chamber
- drying
- fluidized bed
- lignite
- wet fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
- F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluidized bed drying apparatus that dries while flowing wet fuel such as lignite.
- control device capable of controlling a coal drying / classifying device that blows hot air from below the coal supplied to the fluidized drying chamber to dry the coal while flowing (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the drying / classification device controlled by this control device has a fluidized drying chamber and a classification chamber, and in the fluidized drying chamber, the coal is dried, and in the classification chamber, the coal is classified into fine coal and coarse coal. ing.
- the coal in the fluidized drying chamber is dried while flowing from the upstream side to the downstream side in the flow direction of the coal.
- the coal supplied into the fluidized drying chamber is likely to diffuse in the flow direction, there is a possibility that a part of the coal flows into the classification chamber on the downstream side in the flow direction while remaining in an undried state.
- undried coal and dry coal are mixed in the classification chamber, and it is difficult to sufficiently dry the coal.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed drying apparatus capable of sufficiently drying wet fuel.
- the fluidized bed drying apparatus of the present invention includes a drying furnace that forms a fluidized bed inside by flowing wet fuel with a fluidized gas, and the drying furnace includes a first drying chamber that performs initial drying of the wet fuel, A second drying chamber that performs the latter drying of the wet fuel supplied from the first drying chamber, and in the first drying chamber, the supplied wet fuel is dried while being in a completely mixed flow, so that the second drying is performed.
- the chamber is characterized in that the wet fuel supplied from the first drying chamber is dried while flowing along the flow direction of the wet fuel.
- the first drying chamber can be dried so that the moisture content of the supplied wet fuel becomes uniform by the complete mixing flow, and the homogenized wet fuel is fed to the second drying chamber.
- the supplied wet fuel can be dried along the flow direction by the flow along the flow direction.
- the flow along the flow direction of the wet fuel is preferably an extrusion flow.
- the supplied wet fuel can be dried by the extrusion flow without diffusing in the flow direction. This makes it difficult for the wet fuel in the undried state to flow beyond the wet fuel in the dry state, so that the discharge of the wet fuel in the undried state can be suppressed, and the wet fuel can be sufficiently dried. It becomes.
- the second drying chamber preferably has a plurality of drying compartments divided into a plurality of wet fuel flow directions.
- the wet fuel supplied from the first drying chamber passes through all the drying compartments of the second drying chamber and is dried. Thereby, since the wet fuel can be dried in a plurality of drying compartments, the wet fuel can be sufficiently dried over time.
- the wet fuel is caused to flow out from the first drying chamber, the recirculation line through which the drained wet fuel flows back into the first drying chamber, and the wet fuel that is interposed in the recirculation line and passes through the recirculation line. It is preferable to further include foreign matter removing means for removing the contained foreign matter.
- the wet fuel being dried can be discharged from the first drying chamber, and the discharged wet fuel can be supplied again to the first drying chamber. For this reason, since the wet fuel during drying and the wet fuel before drying are supplied to the first drying chamber, the drying of the wet fuel is promoted as much as the wet fuel during drying is supplied. it can. At this time, since the foreign matter removing means is provided in the recirculation line, the foreign matter contained in the wet fuel flowing through the recirculation line can be removed, so that the recirculation line can be prevented from being blocked by the foreign matter. In addition, as a foreign material, there exist the metal, wood, or the solid substance of the condensed wet fuel etc. which were mixed in the wet fuel.
- the recirculation line has a fuel discharge port through which wet fuel flows out from the first drying chamber, and the fuel discharge port sandwiches the boundary portion between the first drying chamber and the second drying chamber, It is preferable that it is connected to the bottom face on the side of 1 drying chamber.
- the wet fuel before flowing into the second drying chamber that is, the wet fuel after the initial drying can be recirculated, so that the drying of the wet fuel in the first drying chamber can be further promoted.
- the second drying chamber is provided with a damming portion on the bottom surface on the second drying chamber side with a boundary portion between the first drying chamber and the second drying chamber interposed therebetween.
- a portion of the wet fuel supplied from the first drying chamber to the second drying chamber can be blocked by the blocking portion, and the partially blocked wet fuel is discharged from the recirculation line. Can flow into the port.
- the wet fuel which flows into a recirculation line can be increased, and drying of the wet fuel in a 1st drying chamber can further be promoted.
- the recirculation line has a resupply port through which wet fuel that has flowed out of the first drying chamber flows, and the resupply port is connected to the first drying chamber.
- the wet fuel flowing through the recirculation line can be directly supplied to the first drying chamber.
- the recirculation line has a resupply port through which wet fuel that has flowed out from the first drying chamber flows, and the resupply port is connected to a fuel bunker that stores wet fuel to be supplied toward the first drying chamber. It is preferable that
- the wet fuel flowing through the recirculation line can be indirectly supplied to the first drying chamber via the fuel bunker.
- each partition member preferably has a panel tube in which a heat transfer tube is formed in a panel shape.
- the wet fuel in the second drying chamber can be heated by the panel tube, the wet fuel can be sufficiently dried.
- the arrangement pattern may be a staggered pattern or a lattice pattern.
- the gap is preferably provided so as to narrow toward the downstream side in the flow direction.
- the wet fuel between the plurality of partition members becomes difficult to flow toward the downstream side in the flow direction. For this reason, since the residence time in which the wet fuel stays can be lengthened, the heating time of the wet fuel can be lengthened, and the drying of the wet fuel can be further promoted.
- the plurality of partition members further include a partition plate connected to the panel tube, the panel tube is disposed inside the fluidized bed, and the partition plate is disposed outside the fluidized bed.
- the partition plate by providing the partition plate, it is possible to prevent the wet fuel in an undried state from moving beyond the panel tube. Thereby, since the wet fuel can be made to flow through the gap between the partition member and the bottom of the drying chamber, the wet fuel can be sufficiently dried.
- an outflow amount adjusting means provided in a gap formed between the partition member located on the most downstream side in the flow direction and the bottom of the second drying chamber and capable of adjusting the outflow amount of wet fuel flowing out from the gap Is preferably further provided.
- the wet fuel in an undried state is in a dry state. It becomes difficult to flow beyond the wet fuel, and the wet fuel can be suitably dried while suppressing the discharge of the wet fuel in an undried state.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a coal gasification combined power generation facility to which a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to a first embodiment is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically illustrating the fluidized bed drying apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically illustrating the fluidized bed drying apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically illustrating a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to a modification.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically illustrating the fluidized bed drying apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a combined coal gasification combined power generation facility to which a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to Example 1 is applied.
- the coal gasification combined power generation facility (IGCC: Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle) 100 to which the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1A of Example 1 is applied adopts an air combustion system that generates coal gas in a gasification furnace using air as an oxidizing agent.
- the coal gas refined by the gas purifier is supplied as fuel gas to the gas turbine equipment for power generation.
- the combined coal gasification combined power generation facility 100 according to the first embodiment is an air combustion type (air blowing) power generation facility.
- lignite is used as a wet raw material supplied to the gasifier.
- lignite was applied as a wet raw material, but low-grade coal including subbituminous coal or the like, peat such as sludge, etc. may be applied as long as the moisture content is high. Even charcoal is applicable.
- the wet raw material is not limited to coal such as lignite, but may be biomass used as organic resources derived from renewable organisms. For example, thinned wood, waste wood, driftwood, grass, waste, It is also possible to use sludge, tires, and recycled fuel (pellets and chips) made from these raw materials.
- the coal gasification combined power generation facility 100 includes a coal supply device 111, a fluidized bed drying device 1A, a pulverized coal machine (mill) 113, a coal gasification furnace 114, and a char recovery device 115. , A gas purifier 116, a gas turbine facility 117, a steam turbine facility 118, a generator 119, and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) 120.
- the coal feeder 111 includes a raw coal bunker 121, a coal feeder 122, and a crusher 123.
- the raw coal bunker 121 can store lignite, and drops a predetermined amount of lignite into the coal feeder 122.
- the coal feeder 122 transports the brown coal dropped from the raw coal bunker 121 by a conveyor or the like and drops it on the crusher 123.
- the crusher 123 finely pulverizes the dropped lignite into fine particles.
- the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1A supplies drying steam such as superheated steam to the lignite supplied by the coal supply apparatus 111, thereby drying by heating while flowing the lignite, and removing moisture contained in the lignite. It is.
- the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1 ⁇ / b> A is provided with a cooler 131 that cools dried lignite (dry coal) taken out from the lower portion, and the dried and cooled dried coal is stored in the dried coal bunker 132.
- the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1A is provided with a dry coal cyclone 133 and a dry coal electrostatic precipitator 134 for separating dry coal particles from steam taken out from above, and the dry coal particles separated from the steam are dried coal bunker. 132 is stored.
- the steam from which the dry coal is separated by the dry coal electrostatic precipitator 134 is compressed by the steam compressor 135 and then supplied to the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1A as drying steam.
- the pulverized coal machine 113 is a coal pulverizer, and pulverized coal (dried coal) dried by the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1A is pulverized into fine particles to produce pulverized coal.
- pulverized coal dried coal
- the pulverized coal machine 113 converts the dry coal into pulverized coal having a predetermined particle size or less.
- the pulverized coal after being pulverized by the pulverized coal machine 113 is separated from the conveying gas by the pulverized coal bag filters 137a and 137b and stored in the pulverized coal supply hoppers 138a and 138b.
- the coal gasification furnace 114 is supplied with the pulverized coal processed by the pulverized coal machine 113 and the char (unburned coal) recovered by the char recovery device 115.
- the coal gasification furnace 114 is connected to a compressed air supply line 141 from a gas turbine facility 117 (compressor 161), and can supply compressed air compressed by the gas turbine facility 117.
- the air separation device 142 separates and generates nitrogen and oxygen from air in the atmosphere.
- a first nitrogen supply line 143 is connected to the coal gasifier 114, and a pulverized coal supply hopper is connected to the first nitrogen supply line 143.
- Charging lines 144a and 144b from 138a and 138b are connected.
- the second nitrogen supply line 145 is also connected to the coal gasifier 114, and the char return line 146 from the char recovery device 115 is connected to the second nitrogen supply line 145.
- the oxygen supply line 147 is connected to the compressed air supply line 141. In this case, nitrogen is used as a carrier gas for coal and char, and oxygen is used as an oxidant.
- the coal gasification furnace 114 is, for example, a spouted bed type gasification furnace that combusts and gasifies coal, char, air (oxygen) supplied therein or water vapor as a gasifying agent, and produces carbon dioxide.
- a combustible gas (product gas, coal gas) containing carbon as a main component is generated, and a gasification reaction takes place using this combustible gas as a gasifying agent.
- the coal gasification furnace 114 is provided with a foreign matter removing device 148 that removes foreign matter mixed with pulverized coal.
- the coal gasification furnace 114 is not limited to the spouted bed gasification furnace, and may be a fluidized bed gasification furnace or a fixed bed gasification furnace.
- the coal gasification furnace 114 is provided with a gas generation line 149 for combustible gas toward the char recovery device 115, and can discharge combustible gas containing char.
- a gas generation line 149 for combustible gas toward the char recovery device 115, and can discharge combustible gas containing char.
- the combustible gas may be cooled to a predetermined temperature and then supplied to the char recovery device 115.
- the char collection device 115 includes a dust collecting device 151 and a supply hopper 152.
- the dust collector 151 is constituted by one or a plurality of bag filters or cyclones, and can separate the char contained in the combustible gas generated in the coal gasification furnace 114.
- the combustible gas from which the char has been separated is sent to the gas purifier 116 through the gas discharge line 153.
- the supply hopper 152 stores the char separated from the combustible gas by the dust collector 151.
- a bin may be disposed between the dust collector 151 and the supply hopper 152, and a plurality of supply hoppers 152 may be connected to the bin.
- a char return line 146 from the supply hopper 152 is connected to the second nitrogen supply line 145.
- the gas purification device 116 performs gas purification by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds from the combustible gas from which the char has been separated by the char recovery device 115.
- the gas purifier 116 purifies the combustible gas to produce fuel gas, and supplies it to the gas turbine equipment 117.
- the sulfur is finally removed by removing it with the amine absorbent. Is recovered as gypsum and used effectively.
- the gas turbine facility 117 includes a compressor 161, a combustor 162, and a turbine 163, and the compressor 161 and the turbine 163 are connected by a rotating shaft 164.
- the combustor 162 has a compressed air supply line 165 connected from the compressor 161, a fuel gas supply line 166 connected from the gas purification device 116, and a combustion gas supply line 167 connected to the turbine 163.
- the gas turbine equipment 117 is provided with a compressed air supply line 141 extending from the compressor 161 to the coal gasification furnace 114, and a booster 168 is interposed in the compressed air supply line 141.
- the compressed air supplied from the compressor 161 and the fuel gas supplied from the gas purifier 116 are mixed and burned, and the rotating shaft 164 is rotated by the generated combustion gas in the turbine 163.
- the generator 119 can be driven.
- the steam turbine equipment 118 has a turbine 169 connected to the rotating shaft 164 in the gas turbine equipment 117, and the generator 119 is connected to the base end portion of the rotating shaft 164.
- the exhaust heat recovery boiler 120 is provided in the exhaust gas line 170 from the gas turbine equipment 117 (the turbine 163), and generates steam by exchanging heat between air and high-temperature exhaust gas. Therefore, the exhaust heat recovery boiler 120 is provided with a steam supply line 171 and a steam recovery line 172 between the turbine 169 of the steam turbine equipment 118, and a condenser 173 is provided in the steam recovery line 172. Yes. Therefore, in the steam turbine equipment 118, the turbine 169 is driven by the steam supplied from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 120, and the generator 119 can be driven by rotating the rotating shaft 164.
- the exhaust gas from which heat has been recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 120 has harmful substances removed by the gas purification device 174, and the purified exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney 175 to the atmosphere.
- raw coal brown coal
- the lignite in the raw coal bunker 121 is crushed by the coal feeder 122. It is dropped to 123, where it is crushed to a predetermined size.
- the crushed lignite is heated and dried by the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1 ⁇ / b> A, cooled by the cooler 131, and stored in the dry coal bunker 132.
- the steam taken out from the upper part of the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1A is separated into dry coal particles by the dry coal cyclone 133 and the dry coal electrostatic precipitator 134 and compressed by the steam compressor 135 before being supplied to the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1. Returned as drying steam.
- dry coal particles separated from the steam are stored in the dry coal bunker 132.
- the dry coal stored in the dry coal bunker 132 is supplied to the pulverized coal machine 113 by the coal feeder 136, where it is pulverized into fine particles to produce pulverized coal, and the pulverized coal bag filters 137a and 137b are used. And stored in pulverized coal supply hoppers 138a and 138b.
- the pulverized coal stored in the pulverized coal supply hoppers 138 a and 138 b is supplied to the coal gasification furnace 114 through the first nitrogen supply line 143 by nitrogen supplied from the air separation device 142.
- the char recovered by the char recovery device 115 described later is supplied to the coal gasifier 114 through the second nitrogen supply line 145 by nitrogen supplied from the air separation device 142.
- compressed air extracted from a gas turbine facility 117 described later is boosted by a booster 168 and then supplied to the coal gasifier 114 through the compressed air supply line 141 together with oxygen supplied from the air separation device 142.
- the supplied pulverized coal and char are combusted by compressed air (oxygen), and the pulverized coal and char are gasified, so that combustible gas (coal gas) mainly containing carbon dioxide is obtained. Can be generated.
- This combustible gas is discharged from the coal gasifier 114 through the gas generation line 149 and sent to the char recovery device 115.
- the combustible gas is first supplied to the dust collector 151, and the dust collector 151 separates the char contained in the combustible gas.
- the combustible gas from which the char has been separated is sent to the gas purifier 116 through the gas discharge line 153.
- the fine char separated from the combustible gas is deposited on the supply hopper 152, returned to the coal gasifier 114 through the char return line 146, and recycled.
- the combustible gas from which the char has been separated by the char recovery device 115 is subjected to gas purification by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds in the gas purification device 116 to produce fuel gas.
- gas purification by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds in the gas purification device 116 to produce fuel gas.
- the compressor 161 when the compressor 161 generates compressed air and supplies the compressed air to the combustor 162, the combustor 162 is supplied from the compressed air supplied from the compressor 161 and the gas purifier 116.
- Combustion gas is generated by mixing with fuel gas and combusting, and the turbine 163 is driven by this combustion gas, so that the generator 119 is driven via the rotating shaft 164 to generate power.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the turbine 163 in the gas turbine facility 117 generates steam by exchanging heat with air in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 120, and supplies the generated steam to the steam turbine facility 118. .
- the turbine 169 is driven by the steam supplied from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 120, whereby the generator 119 can be driven via the rotating shaft 164 to generate power.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically illustrating the fluidized bed drying apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1A of Example 1 heats and drys lignite, which is coal having a high water content, while flowing with fluidized gas.
- the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1 ⁇ / b> A includes a drying furnace 5 in which lignite is supplied and a gas dispersion plate 6 provided in the drying furnace 5.
- the drying furnace 5 is formed in a rectangular box shape.
- the lignite supplied to the drying furnace 5 flows by the fluidizing gas, thereby forming the fluidized bed 3 in the drying furnace 5.
- the flow direction of the fluidized bed 3 formed in the drying furnace 5 is the longitudinal direction of the drying furnace 5 (the left-right direction in FIG. 2).
- the gas distribution plate 6 divides the space inside the drying furnace 5 into a chamber chamber 11 located on the lower side in the vertical direction (lower side in the drawing) and a drying chamber 12 located on the upper side in the vertical direction (upper side in the drawing). Yes.
- a number of through holes are formed in the gas dispersion plate 6, and a fluidizing gas such as steam is introduced into the chamber chamber 11.
- the drying chamber 12 formed in the drying furnace 5 includes a first drying chamber 21 provided on the upstream side in the flow direction and a second drying chamber 22 provided on the downstream side in the flow direction.
- the chamber 21 and the second drying chamber 22 communicate with each other.
- the first drying chamber 21 is a complete mixing region where initial drying is performed
- the second drying chamber 22 is an extrusion region (plug flow region) where late drying is performed.
- the first drying chamber 21 is configured so that the supplied lignite becomes a completely mixed flow in the chamber.
- the complete mixing flow is a flow in which the fluidized bed 3 formed in the first drying chamber 21 is mixed so that the moisture content of the lignite is uniform. For this reason, in the 1st drying chamber 21, the back mixing which mixes while flowing back in the flow direction is permitted.
- the first drying chamber 21 is provided with a supply port 31 for supplying lignite and a heat transfer tube 33 for heating the lignite.
- the supply port 31 is connected to the side wall of the first drying chamber 21 on the upstream side in the flow direction of the lignite, and serves as a supply port for supplying the lignite to the first drying chamber 21.
- the crusher 123 described above is connected to the supply port 31, and the pulverized lignite is supplied to the first drying chamber 21.
- the heat transfer tube 33 is provided inside the fluidized bed 3.
- the heat transfer pipe 33 is supplied with drying steam therein to remove moisture in the brown coal of the fluidized bed 3. Accordingly, when the drying steam is supplied to the heat transfer tube 33, the heat transfer tube 33 uses the latent heat of the drying steam to dry the lignite in the first drying chamber 21. Thereafter, the drying steam used for drying is discharged outside the first drying chamber 21.
- the supplied lignite flows by the fluidized gas supplied via the gas dispersion plate 6, thereby forming the fluidized bed 3.
- the lignite that has become the fluidized bed 3 is dried by being heated by the fluidizing gas and the heat transfer tube 33.
- the lignite forming the fluidized bed 3 of the first drying chamber 21 can be made into a completely mixed flow. Therefore, in the fluidized bed 3 in the 1st drying chamber 21, the lignite which became the complete mixed flow can be dried, homogenizing. At this time, the generated steam generated by drying the lignite is discharged toward a dry coal cyclone 133 described above from a steam discharge port 42 provided in the second drying chamber 22 described later. The brown coal initially dried in the first drying chamber 21 is supplied to the second drying chamber 22. In the first drying chamber 21, for example, lignite having a moisture content of about 60% is initially dried until the moisture content becomes about 40%.
- the second drying chamber 22 is configured so that the supplied lignite flows in the flow direction along the flow direction, and is particularly configured to be an extrusion flow.
- An extrusion flow is a flow which extrudes lignite in the flow direction so that the lignite does not diffuse in the flow direction in the fluidized bed 3 formed in the second drying chamber 22.
- the discharge port 41 is connected to the bottom of the second drying chamber 22 on the downstream side in the flow direction of the lignite, and serves as a discharge port for discharging the lignite from the second drying chamber 22.
- the discharge port 41 the lignite that has been dried in the second drying chamber 22 is discharged as dry coal, and the discharged dry coal is supplied to the cooler 131 described above.
- the steam discharge port 42 is connected to the upper surface of the second drying chamber 22 on the downstream side in the flow direction of the lignite, and discharges generated steam generated from the first drying chamber 21 and the second drying chamber 22 when the lignite is dried. It is a discharge port for.
- the generated steam discharged from the steam discharge port 42 is supplied toward the dry coal cyclone 133.
- the plurality of partition members 43 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the flow direction of the lignite. For this reason, since the several partition member 43 has divided
- Each partition member 43 has a panel tube 51 provided inside the fluidized bed 3 and a partition plate 52 provided outside the fluidized bed 3, and the partition plate 52 is connected to the upper side of the panel tube 51. ing.
- the panel tube 51 is configured in a panel shape by arranging heat transfer tubes in the vertical direction.
- the panel tube 51 circulates superheated steam inside the panel tube 51 and heats the lignite forming the fluidized bed 3.
- the partition plate 52 suppresses the movement of lignite that flows into the drying compartment 45 on the downstream side beyond the panel tube 51.
- the partition plate 52 is provided so that its plate surface is orthogonal to the flow direction.
- Each partition member 43 configured in this way is provided with a gap between it and the gas dispersion plate 6 of the second drying chamber 22, and this gap serves as a lignite distribution port 46.
- the plurality of partition members 43 are provided such that the plurality of circulation ports 46 (gap) are narrowed toward the downstream side in the flow direction.
- the plurality of partition members 43 are each formed such that the length of the panel tube 51 in the vertical direction becomes shorter toward the downstream side.
- the plurality of heat transfer tubes 44 are respectively provided in the plurality of drying compartments 45, and the axial direction thereof is the same as the width direction of the drying furnace 5.
- the plurality of heat transfer tubes 44 are arranged in a grid by being arranged in the vertical direction and the flow direction, respectively.
- the plurality of heat transfer tubes 44 are arranged in a lattice shape, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration and may be arranged in a staggered manner.
- the outflow amount adjusting unit 47 has a flow partition plate 55 provided on the downstream side of the flow port 46 on the most downstream side in the flow direction, and the flow partition plate 55 is moved in the vertical direction by a drive mechanism (not shown). Thereby, the outflow amount adjustment part 47 can adjust the outflow amount of the brown coal discharged
- the outflow amount adjusting unit 47 increases the discharge amount of the lignite by widening the circulation port 46, and shortens the residence time of the lignite in the drying compartment 45, thereby reducing the lignite.
- the heating time can be shortened.
- the supplied lignite is passed through the flow port 46 between the partition member 43 on the most upstream side in the flow direction and the gas dispersion plate 6. , And supplied to the most upstream drying compartment 45 of the second drying chamber 22.
- the lignite supplied to the drying compartment 45 flows by the fluidizing gas supplied via the gas dispersion plate 6, thereby forming the fluidized bed 3.
- the lignite that has become the fluidized bed 3 is heated and dried by the fluidized gas, the panel tube 51, and the plurality of heat transfer tubes 44.
- the lignite dried in the drying compartment 45 is pushed out to the downstream drying compartment 45 through the flow port 46 between the partition member 43 on the downstream side in the flow direction and the gas dispersion plate 6.
- the lignite flows out from the most downstream distribution port 46 in which the outflow amount is adjusted by the outflow amount adjusting unit 47.
- the outflow amount adjustment part 47 adjusts the opening area of the distribution port 46 according to the drying condition of lignite, and adjusts the outflow amount of the lignite discharged from the distribution port 46, so that the lignite in the dry compartment 45 is adjusted. The amount of residence is adjusted. In this way, the lignite moves while being pushed out from the upstream drying compartment 45 to the downstream drying compartment 45 and passes through all the drying compartments 45, whereby late drying is performed.
- the lignite forming the fluidized bed 3 of the second drying chamber 22 can be made to flow by moving the plurality of drying compartments 45 in order from the upstream side. Therefore, in the fluidized bed 3 in the 2nd drying chamber 22, the lignite which became the extrusion flow can be dried, without making it diffuse in a flow direction. At this time, the generated steam generated by drying the lignite is discharged from a steam discharge port 42 provided in the second drying chamber 22. Then, the lignite that has been subjected to late drying in the second drying chamber 22 becomes dry coal and is discharged from the discharge port 41. In the second drying chamber 22, for example, lignite having a moisture content of about 40% is dried late until the moisture content becomes about 10%.
- the first drying chamber 21 can be dried by heating so that the moisture content of the supplied lignite becomes uniform by the completely mixed flow, and is homogenized.
- Brown lignite can be supplied to the second drying chamber 22.
- the 2nd drying chamber 22 it can heat-dry without diffusing the supplied lignite along a flow direction by extrusion flow. Thereby, since undried lignite becomes difficult to flow beyond dried lignite, discharge
- the lignite supplied from the first drying chamber 21 toward the second drying chamber 22 can be dried by passing through all the drying compartments 45. Thereby, since a lignite can be dried in the some drying compartment 45 in order along a flow direction, a lignite can be fully dried over time.
- the panel tube 51 is provided in the second drying chamber 22 so that the lignite can be dried by heating with the panel tube 51. Thereby, drying of the lignite in the 2nd drying chamber 22 can be accelerated
- the lignite can be heated and dried by the heat transfer tubes 44. Thereby, drying of the lignite in the 2nd drying chamber 22 can further be accelerated
- the flow port 46 becomes narrower toward the downstream side in the flow direction, so that the residence time of lignite in the dry compartment 45 can be increased. Thereby, since the heating time of lignite can be lengthened, drying of lignite can further be accelerated
- the partition plate 52 on the upper side of the panel tube 51, it is possible to suppress lignite from moving beyond the panel tube 51. Thereby, since the lignite can be moved from the upstream drying compartment 45 to the downstream drying compartment 45 via the circulation port 46, the extruded lignite can be dried.
- the dry state of lignite can be adjusted by adjusting the outflow amount of lignite from the most downstream distribution port 46 by the outflow amount adjusting unit 47.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically illustrating the fluidized bed drying apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically illustrating a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to a modification.
- different parts will be described to avoid redundant description.
- the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1A according to the first embodiment the panel tube 51 is provided in the second drying chamber 22 of the drying furnace 5, but the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1B according to the second embodiment has a configuration in which the panel tube 51 is omitted. It has become.
- the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1B according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1B includes a drying furnace 5 in which lignite is supplied and a gas dispersion plate 6 provided inside the drying furnace 5. .
- the drying chamber 12 formed in the drying furnace 5 includes a first drying chamber 21 and a second drying chamber 22, and the first drying chamber 21 and the second drying chamber 22 communicate with each other.
- the first drying chamber 21 is a complete mixing region where initial drying is performed
- the second drying chamber 22 is an extrusion region (plug flow region) where late drying is performed.
- the second drying chamber 22 is provided with a discharge port 41 through which brown coal is discharged, a steam discharge port 42 through which generated steam is discharged, and a plurality of partition plates 43. Since the discharge port 41 and the steam discharge port 42 are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the plurality of partition plates 43 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the flow direction of the lignite.
- Each partition plate 43 is provided such that its plate surface is orthogonal to the flow direction. Therefore, the plurality of partition plates 43 divide the second drying chamber 22 into a plurality of drying compartments 45, and the plurality of drying compartments 45 are formed side by side in the flow direction of lignite.
- each partition plate 43 is provided with a gap between it and the gas dispersion plate 6 of the second drying chamber 22, and this gap serves as a brown coal distribution port 46.
- the supplied lignite is supplied via the flow port 46 between the partition plate 43 on the most upstream side in the flow direction and the gas dispersion plate 6.
- the lignite supplied to the drying compartment 45 flows by the fluidizing gas supplied via the gas dispersion plate 6, thereby forming the fluidized bed 3.
- the lignite that has become the fluidized bed 3 is dried by the fluidizing gas.
- the lignite dried in the drying compartment 45 is pushed out to the drying compartment 45 on the downstream side through the flow port 46 between the partition plate 43 and the gas dispersion plate 6 on the downstream side in the flow direction. In this way, the lignite moves while being pushed out from the upstream drying compartment 45 to the downstream drying compartment 45 and passes through all the drying compartments 45, whereby late drying is performed.
- the lignite forming the fluidized bed 3 of the second drying chamber 22 can be made to flow by moving the plurality of drying compartments 45 in order from the upstream side. Therefore, in the fluidized bed 3 in the 2nd drying chamber 22, the lignite which became the extrusion flow can be dried, without making it diffuse in a flow direction. At this time, the generated steam generated by drying the lignite is discharged from a steam discharge port 42 provided in the second drying chamber 22. Then, the lignite that has been subjected to late drying in the second drying chamber 22 becomes dry coal and is discharged from the discharge port 41. In the second drying chamber 22, for example, lignite having a moisture content of about 40% is dried late until the moisture content becomes about 10%.
- the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1 includes a recirculation line L through which the lignite discharged from the first drying chamber 21 flows again into the first drying chamber 21, and a foreign matter removing device (foreign matter removal) interposed in the recirculation line L. Means) 57 and a damming portion 58 for damaging a part of the lignite supplied to the second drying chamber 22.
- the recirculation line L has a lignite discharge port (fuel discharge port) 61 through which lignite flows out from the first drying chamber 21, and a resupply port 62 for resupplying lignite to the first drying chamber 21.
- the brown coal discharge port 61 is provided on the first drying chamber 21 side with the boundary portion between the first drying chamber 21 and the second drying chamber 22 interposed therebetween, and is provided on the gas distribution plate 6 serving as the bottom surface of the first drying chamber 21. It is connected.
- the lignite discharge port 61 is connected to the gas dispersion plate 6 serving as the bottom surface of the first drying chamber 21 on the downstream side in the flow direction.
- the resupply port 62 is formed on the side wall of the first drying chamber 21 on the upstream side in the flow direction of the lignite, and is substantially at the same position as the supply port 31. For this reason, the lignite discharged via the lignite discharge port 61 passes through the recirculation line L and is supplied again to the first drying chamber 21 via the resupply port 62.
- the damming portion 58 is provided on the second drying chamber 22 side with the boundary portion between the first drying chamber 21 and the second drying chamber 22 interposed therebetween, and is provided on the gas distribution plate 6 serving as the bottom surface of the second drying chamber 22. It has been. In other words, the damming portion 58 is provided on the gas dispersion plate 6 serving as the bottom surface of the second drying chamber 22 on the upstream side in the flow direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the damming portion 58 of the second embodiment is provided in the flow port 46 between the partition plate 43 and the gas dispersion plate 6 on the upstream side in the flow direction. May also be provided upstream.
- the foreign matter removing device 57 removes foreign matter contained in the lignite passing through the recirculation line L.
- the foreign material include metal mixed with lignite, wood, or solid matter of coal formed by particle condensation.
- a cyclone type foreign material removing device that can be separated by specific gravity can be applied.
- a part of the lignite flowing in the first drying chamber 21 is dammed by the damming portion 58, and the damped lignite flows into the lignite discharge port 61 of the recirculation line L.
- the lignite after the initial drying that has flowed out of the first drying chamber 21 through the lignite discharge port 61 flows into the foreign matter removing device 57.
- the lignite that has flowed into the foreign matter removing device 57 is separated into the foreign matter and the lignite from which the foreign matter has been removed in the foreign matter removing device 57.
- the separated foreign matter is discharged to the outside of the foreign matter removing device 57, and the lignite from which the foreign matter has been removed is supplied toward the resupply port 62 of the recirculation line L. Thereafter, the lignite from which the foreign matter has been removed is supplied to the upstream side of the first drying chamber 21 via the resupply port 62.
- the recirculation line L by providing the recirculation line L, it is possible to discharge the brown coal being dried from the first drying chamber 21 and supply it to the first drying chamber 21 again. it can. For this reason, since the lignite after initial drying and the lignite before drying are supplied to the first drying chamber 21, the amount of lignite in the first drying chamber 21 is equivalent to the amount of lignite supplied after initial drying. Can promote drying. At this time, since the foreign matter contained in the lignite flowing through the recirculation line L can be removed by providing the foreign matter removing device 57 in the recirculation line L, the blockage of the recirculation line L by the foreign matter is suppressed. Can do.
- a part of lignite supplied from the 1st drying chamber 21 to the 2nd drying chamber 22 can be dammed by the damming part 58, and a part of the lignite that has been dammed up, It can flow into the lignite discharge port 61 of the recirculation line L.
- the lignite flowing into the recirculation line L can be increased, and the drying of the lignite in the first drying chamber 21 can be further promoted.
- lignite that passes through the recirculation line L can be directly supplied to the first drying chamber 21.
- Example 2 the re-supply port 62 of the recirculation line L is connected to the first drying chamber 21, but the configuration shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically illustrating a fluidized bed drying apparatus according to a modification.
- the recirculation line L has a resupply port 62 connected to the raw coal bunker 121. For this reason, the lignite after the initial drying which flowed out from the lignite discharge port 61 of the recirculation line L is separated into the foreign matter and the lignite from which the foreign matter has been removed in the foreign matter removing device 57.
- the lignite from which the foreign matter has been removed is supplied toward the resupply port 62 of the recirculation line L, and is supplied to the raw coal bunker 121 via the resupply port 62.
- the coal which flows through the recirculation line L can be indirectly supplied to the 1st drying chamber 21 via the raw coal bunker 121.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically illustrating the fluidized bed drying apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- the second drying chamber 22 of the drying furnace 5 is configured so that the supplied lignite becomes an extruded flow in the chamber, but the fluidized bed according to the third embodiment.
- the second drying chamber 72 of the drying furnace 5 is configured so that the supplied lignite flows along the flow direction in the chamber, and in particular, configured to be an overflow flow (overflow). Yes.
- the second drying chamber 72 of the drying furnace 5 in the fluidized bed drying apparatus 1C according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the second drying chamber 72 is provided with a discharge port 41 through which brown coal is discharged, a steam discharge port 42 through which generated steam is discharged, and a plurality of partition plates 73.
- the discharge port 41 and the steam discharge port 42 have the same configuration as that of the second embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the plurality of partition plates 73 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the flow direction of the lignite. Each partition plate 73 is provided such that its plate surface is orthogonal to the flow direction. For this reason, the plurality of partition plates 43 divide the second drying chamber 22 into a plurality of drying compartments 75, and the plurality of drying compartments 75 are formed side by side in the flow direction of the lignite. In addition, each partition plate 73 is provided so as to be connected to the gas dispersion plate 6 of the second drying chamber 22, and the upper end portion thereof is located below the upper surface of the fluidized bed 3.
- the supplied lignite exceeds the partition plate 73 on the most upstream side in the flow direction and is dried on the most upstream side of the second drying chamber 22. It flows into the compartment 75.
- the lignite that has flowed into the drying compartment 75 flows by the fluidizing gas supplied through the gas dispersion plate 6, thereby forming the fluidized bed 3.
- the lignite that has become the fluidized bed 3 is dried by the fluidizing gas.
- the dried lignite moves to the upper side of the dry compartment 75, while the undried lignite moves to the lower side of the dry compartment 75.
- the lignite dried in the drying compartment 75 overflows into the downstream drying compartment 75 over the downstream partition plate 73 in the flow direction.
- the lignite moves while overflowing from the upstream drying compartment 75 to the downstream drying compartment 75 and passes through all the drying compartments 75, whereby late drying is performed.
- the second drying chamber 72 can be dried by heating while flowing the supplied lignite along the flow direction due to the overflow flow. Thereby, the undried lignite moves to the lower side of the drying compartment 75, the dried lignite moves to the upper side of the drying compartment 75, and flows along the flow direction. For this reason, 1 C of fluidized-bed drying apparatuses of Example 3 can suppress the discharge
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Abstract
Description
1B 流動層乾燥装置(実施例2)
1C 流動層乾燥装置(実施例3)
3 流動層
5 乾燥炉
6 ガス分散板
11 チャンバ室
12 乾燥室
21 第1乾燥室
22 第2乾燥室
31 供給ポート
33 伝熱管
41 排出ポート
42 蒸気排出ポート
43 仕切り部材
45 乾燥分室
46 流通口
47 流出量調整部
51 パネルチューブ
52 仕切り板
55 流量仕切り板
57 異物除去装置(実施例2)
58 せき止め部(実施例2)
61 褐炭排出ポート(実施例2)
62 再供給ポート(実施例2)
72 第2乾燥室(実施例3)
73 仕切り板(実施例3)
75 乾燥分室(実施例3)
L 再循環ライン 1A Fluidized bed dryer (Example 1)
1B Fluidized bed dryer (Example 2)
1C Fluidized bed dryer (Example 3)
DESCRIPTION OF
58 Damping part (Example 2)
61 Brown coal discharge port (Example 2)
62 Resupply port (Example 2)
72 Second drying chamber (Example 3)
73 Partition (Example 3)
75 Drying compartment (Example 3)
L Recirculation line
Claims (14)
- 湿潤燃料を流動化ガスにより流動させることで、内部に流動層を形成する乾燥炉を備え、
前記乾燥炉は、前記湿潤燃料の初期乾燥を行う第1乾燥室と、前記第1乾燥室から供給された前記湿潤燃料の後期乾燥を行う第2乾燥室と、に区分けされており、
前記第1乾燥室では、供給された前記湿潤燃料を完全混合流れとしながら乾燥させ、
前記第2乾燥室では、前記第1乾燥室から供給された前記湿潤燃料を、前記湿潤燃料の流動方向に沿った流れとしながら乾燥させることを特徴とする流動層乾燥装置。 Provided with a drying furnace that forms a fluidized bed inside by flowing wet fuel with fluidized gas,
The drying furnace is divided into a first drying chamber that performs initial drying of the wet fuel and a second drying chamber that performs late drying of the wet fuel supplied from the first drying chamber.
In the first drying chamber, the supplied wet fuel is dried in a completely mixed flow,
In the second drying chamber, the wet fuel supplied from the first drying chamber is dried while flowing along the flow direction of the wet fuel. - 前記湿潤燃料の流動方向に沿った流れは、押し出し流れであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flow along the flow direction of the wet fuel is an extruded flow.
- 前記第2乾燥室は、前記湿潤燃料の流動方向に複数に分割した複数の乾燥分室を有していることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second drying chamber has a plurality of drying compartments divided into a plurality in the flow direction of the wet fuel.
- 前記第1乾燥室から前記湿潤燃料を流出させ、流出させた前記湿潤燃料を前記第1乾燥室に再び流入させる再循環ラインと、
前記再循環ラインに介設され、前記再循環ラインを通過する前記湿潤燃料に含まれる異物を除去する異物除去手段と、をさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 A recirculation line that causes the wet fuel to flow out of the first drying chamber and flows the wet fuel back into the first drying chamber;
4. The foreign matter removing means that is provided in the recirculation line and removes the foreign matter contained in the wet fuel that passes through the recirculation line. 5. The fluidized bed drying apparatus described in 1. - 前記再循環ラインは、前記第1乾燥室から前記湿潤燃料を流出させる燃料排出ポートを有し、
前記燃料排出ポートは、前記第1乾燥室と前記第2乾燥室との間の境界部分を挟んで、前記第1乾燥室側の底面に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 The recirculation line has a fuel discharge port for allowing the wet fuel to flow out of the first drying chamber;
The said fuel discharge port is connected to the bottom face by the side of the said 1st drying chamber on both sides of the boundary part between the said 1st drying chamber and the said 2nd drying chamber. Fluidized bed drying equipment. - 前記第2乾燥室には、前記第1乾燥室と前記第2乾燥室との間の境界部分を挟んで、前記第2乾燥室側の底面にせき止め部が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 The second drying chamber is provided with a damming portion on a bottom surface on the second drying chamber side with a boundary portion between the first drying chamber and the second drying chamber interposed therebetween. The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to claim 5.
- 前記再循環ラインは、前記第1乾燥室から流出させた前記湿潤燃料を流入させる再供給ポートを有し、
前記再供給ポートは、前記第1乾燥室に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項4ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 The recirculation line has a resupply port for flowing in the wet fuel that has flowed out of the first drying chamber;
The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the resupply port is connected to the first drying chamber. - 前記再循環ラインは、前記第1乾燥室から流出させた前記湿潤燃料を流入させる再供給ポートを有し、
前記再供給ポートは、前記第1乾燥室へ向けて供給する前記湿潤燃料を溜める燃料バンカに接続されていることを特徴とする請求項4ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 The recirculation line has a resupply port for flowing in the wet fuel that has flowed out of the first drying chamber;
The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the resupply port is connected to a fuel bunker that stores the wet fuel supplied toward the first drying chamber. . - 前記第1乾燥室および前記第2乾燥室は、その床面積比が、「前記第1乾燥室:前記第2乾燥室=30~50%:70~50%」となっていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 The floor area ratio of the first drying chamber and the second drying chamber is “the first drying chamber: the second drying chamber = 30 to 50%: 70 to 50%”. The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
- 前記第2乾燥室に設けられ、前記湿潤燃料の流動方向に所定の間隔を空けて配設された複数の仕切り部材と、を備え、
前記複数の仕切り部材は、前記第2乾燥室の底部との間に隙間を形成しており、
前記各仕切り部材は、伝熱管をパネル状に形成したパネルチューブを有していることを特徴とする請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 A plurality of partition members provided in the second drying chamber and disposed at predetermined intervals in the flow direction of the wet fuel,
The plurality of partition members form a gap with the bottom of the second drying chamber,
The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein each partition member includes a panel tube in which a heat transfer tube is formed in a panel shape. - 前記仕切り部材同士の間における前記流動層の内部に配置された複数の伝熱管をさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising a plurality of heat transfer tubes arranged inside the fluidized bed between the partition members.
- 前記隙間は、前記流動方向の下流側に向けて狭くなるように設けられていることを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the gap is provided so as to narrow toward the downstream side in the flow direction.
- 前記複数の仕切り部材は、前記パネルチューブに連結された仕切り板をさらに有し、
前記パネルチューブは、前記流動層の内部に配置され、
前記仕切り板は、前記流動層の外部に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項10ないし12のいずれか1項に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 The plurality of partition members further include a partition plate connected to the panel tube,
The panel tube is disposed inside the fluidized bed,
The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the partition plate is disposed outside the fluidized bed. - 前記流動方向の最下流に位置する仕切り部材と、前記第2乾燥室の底部との間に形成された隙間に設けられ、前記隙間から流出する前記湿潤燃料の流出量を調整可能な流出量調整手段をさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項10ないし13のいずれか1項に記載の流動層乾燥装置。 Outflow adjustment that is provided in a gap formed between the partition member located on the most downstream side in the flow direction and the bottom of the second drying chamber and that can adjust the outflow amount of the wet fuel flowing out of the gap. The fluidized bed drying apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising means.
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