WO2008095712A1

WO2008095712A1 - Mobile radio antenna, particularly for a base station

Info

Publication number: WO2008095712A1
Application number: PCT/EP2008/000953
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wolfgang Mummert; Wolfgang Wienzek; Dan Fleancu
Original assignee: Kathrein-Werke Kg
Priority date: 2007-02-09
Filing date: 2008-02-07
Publication date: 2008-08-14
Also published as: DE102007006559B3

Abstract

An improved mobile radio antenna is characterized by the following features - the lateral distance space (19) between two adjacent sector antennas (3) is bridged by a protective cover (21), - the protective cover (21) is partitioned at least in two parts in the circumferential direction transversely to the extension and/or vertical directions and comprises at least two cover aprons (29, 41'), - the cover aprons (29, 41') partially overlap in the circumferential direction, and - each bordering edge of a cover apron (29) provided adjacent to a sector antenna (3) is disposed and/or fastened on, or directly adjacent to the radome (15) of a sector antenna (3).

Description

Mobile antenna, in particular for a base station

The invention relates to a mobile radio antenna, in particular for a base station, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Antennas and antenna arrays, in particular as a stationary antenna arrangement for a base station in the mobile radio area are well known, for example, by the prior art publications DE 197 22 742 A1, DE 196 27 015 A1, US Pat. No. 5,710,569 or WO 00/39 894 A1.

Such antenna structures usually include a vertically arranged reflector, which may be provided with lateral, opposite the reflector plane rising ridges and other beam shaping measures.

Usually in the vertical direction spaced from each other, the individual radiator or radiator arrangements are arranged in a single-band, a dual-band or generally in a multi-band can send or receive. These may be simple or, for example, dual-polarized radiators.

Such antenna devices can be provided with measures to adjust the downtilt angle (ie the Absenkwinkel) manually or remotely controlled different.

The antennas mentioned above can also be used in multiple assemblies, for example as so-called sector antennas. In a 120 ° sector antenna, for example, three such, generally vertically aligned antenna arrays mounted in azimuth angles offset by 120 ° to each other around an antenna mast around. The individual antenna arrays can be constructed in one or more columns.

In the case of sector antennas, it is generally known that they are not necessarily always aligned in such a way that they are aligned exactly in an azimuth angle that is different by 120 ° to an adjacent antenna array. Under certain circumstances, it is desirable to align a sector antenna in a different azimuth angle depending on local conditions or peculiarities. As a result, these antennas can be mounted differently at least over a certain angular range and, if appropriate, later aligned differently. Optionally, a manual or motor-operated angle adjusting device can also be provided.

According to DE 202 18 101 U1 or according to DE 10 2005 034 127 A1 commercial mobile radio antennas for a base station is used which comprises a plurality of superimposed radiator or radiator groups in front of a generally vertically oriented reflector, wherein such a sector antenna is provided with a radome associated with it, whereby the radiators or radiators located behind are protected. According to the above prior publication, three sector antennas are accommodated in a corresponding supporting structure comprising a triangular mast core in the three sectors thus formed, which can be adjusted in their azimuth orientation at an angle of, for example, at least ± 10 °.

All sector antennas are then additionally surrounded by a common cylindrical radome.

In contrast, according to DE 103 59 623 A1, in one embodiment it is proposed to also use a plurality of sector antennas which are arranged offset in the circumferential direction around an antenna mast and which each comprise a reflector and emitter devices seated thereon but which are not provided with their own radome. but all are protected by a cylindrical radome surrounding them together. At the rear side of a respective reflector, the sector antenna thus formed is adjustable about a vertical axis in a certain angular range of different azimuthal orientation.

The latter solution offers the advantage that no double radome is used. The use of an additional second radome naturally leads to a disadvantageous influence and attenuation of the radiation spectrum. But for example, a separate radome for the dispensed with individual antenna arrays, this then again has the disadvantage that no conventional antennas can be used, in which the emitters are protected from the reflector in front of the reflector by a radom assigned to the respective antenna.

Nevertheless, both previously mentioned prior art mobile radio antennas have the advantage that the several sector antennas are hidden behind a common cylindrical radome, that is, the individual sector antennas are not per se recognizable. This also accounts for a trend according to which mobile stations are preferred in which the associated antennas and sector antennas are not or not readily apparent.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved mobile radio antenna starting from the generic state of the art.

The object is achieved according to the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The invention provides a completely new approach, in which conventional sector antennas can be used with their own associated radome, which are also mounted in different azimuth orientation. The arrangement is such that the entire antenna arrangement, including the plurality of sector antennas, is virtually concealed in a cylindrical or cylinder-like radome or envelope. However, in contrast to the prior art, a possibility is provided in the context of the invention that the radiation properties of the sector antennas are not impaired by using a double radome, as is the case, for example, according to DE 202 18 101 U1.

According to the invention, provision is made for the spacing space to be bridged by means of a protective cover between two sector antennas offset in the azimuth direction. The protective cover is designed to be part-circular in cross section for the extension and / or vertical alignment of the mobile radio antenna arrangement. Preferably, this protective cover is at least two parts, i. it comprises at least two cooperating cover skirts, which preferably overlap to a sufficient extent.

This construction now provides the basic possibility of setting two adjacent sector antennas together or only one of them in different azimuth orientation or adjusting them to a different azimuth orientation as required, thereby increasing or decreasing the distance space to the adjacent sector antenna. The aforementioned Abschirmschürzen join the adjacent sector antennas, preferably at a more lateral area of the radome of the sector antenna, so that the radiator devices of the respective sector antenna must radiate only by belonging to the respective sector antenna from home Radom. Depending on the size of the distance space between the two sector antennas, the two shielding aprons overlap more or less and can therefore be adapted to the size of the distance space between two adjacent sectors. Rantennen be easily adapted.

The shielding aprons are preferably located at a radial distance from the central and / or assembly axis of the mobile radio antenna arrangement, which corresponds approximately to the radial distance between the central axis and the remotest region of the radome of the individual sector antenna, so that, viewed from the outside as it were, a cylindrical or cylindrical one Almost cylindrical overall coverage of all sector antennas results.

In order to obtain this cylindrical overall impression even with different azimuth alignment of individual sector antennas, is further provided according to the invention that the adjustment axis by which the individual sector antennas are adjustable to prevent their azimuth, preferably coincide with the central or mast axis of the mobile antenna or, if possible, the distance of this pivot axis is less than 30%, in particular less than 20% or in particular less than 10% or 5%, based on the maximum radial extent of the central mast axis to the maximum distance of the associated radome of a sector antenna.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it also proves to be advantageous to use an integrated, lying within the protective cover support structure for supporting the protective cover between two adjacent sector antennas. Preferably, an outer, non-pivotable cover construction may also be provided in the manner of a cover strip or a cover device, which covers the two overlapping sections of the cover aprons from the outside. covers and after tightening a corresponding fastening device, the overlapping portions of the cover aprons sandwiched.

Further advantages, details and features of the invention will become apparent hereinafter from the embodiments illustrated with reference to drawings. In detail:

Figure 1: a schematic spatial representation of a mobile radio antenna according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a simplified spatial representation of the mobile radio antenna according to the invention in explosive playback (omitting some parts);

FIG. 3 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 2 when viewed axially on the top side of the mobile radio antenna;

Figure 4: a corresponding horizontal section through the inventive mobile radio antenna in the mounted state;

Figure 5: an enlarged detail of the

Clarification of the connection of the edge of a cover skirt to a radome of a sector antenna;

Figure 6: a spatial exploded view of

Clarification of further details of the mobile radio antenna according to the invention; FIG. 7 shows a corresponding axial plan view of the mobile radio antenna shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 shows a representation similar to FIG. 6, in which elongated holes are shown in the covering aprons, showing the fastening and adjustment possibilities of the covering aprons;

Figure 9: a schematic cross section across the

Extension axis of the mobile radio antenna by a holding device with it held in and pushed out covers;

Figure 10 is a detail of the upper end of a sector antenna provided with mounting means for mounting the sector antenna at its upper end;

FIG. 11: a corresponding view to FIG. 10 partly in vertical section in the assembled state of the sector antenna;

FIG. 12 shows a partial sectional representation of the upper end of the mobile radio antenna for illustrating the attachment of a sector antenna;

FIG. 13 shows a schematic side view of the mobile radio antenna for illustrating the mounting of a sector antenna; FIG. 14 shows a detailed spatial illustration to illustrate the anchoring of the lower end of a sector antenna to a supporting and mast construction;

FIG. 15 a: a cross-sectional view comparable

Figure 4 with respect to a modified embodiment;

FIG. 15b: a representation similar to FIG. 15a, but in explosive reproduction;

FIG. 16: an enlarged detail view in horizontal section with respect to a sector antenna shown in FIGS. 15a and 15b with adjoining covering skirts in the manner of a hollow profile;

FIG. 17 a: an exploded view of a sector antenna shown in FIG. 16 in a horizontal cross-section with adjoining cover skirts;

FIG. 17b: a corresponding illustration to FIG. 17a, however, in the preassembled state with cover skirts fastened to the sector antenna and fastening devices located at the top and bottom and a rear holding and connecting device for stiffening and supporting the cover skirts provided laterally;

FIG. 18 a: a perspective rear view in explosive representation with respect to the front explosive representation of a sector antenna with adjacent attachments in Figure 17a; and

FIG. 18b shows a rear view of the preassembled unit shown in FIG. 17b, comprising a sector antenna and associated add-on parts.

the sector antenna shown in Figure 16 with adjacent

Cover aprons and rear retaining and connection profile.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic spatial representation of a mobile radio antenna 1, in particular for a base station.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the mobile radio antenna has three sector antennas 3 which are arranged offset in the circumferential direction about a central supporting and / or mast construction 5, that is to say in a different azimuthal orientation. As a rule, the supporting and / or mast construction 5 is vertical or at least essentially, that is to say oriented approximately vertically, so that at least one longitudinal component of the supporting and / or mast construction 5 extends in the vertical direction.

In this case, the mobile radio antenna according to FIG. 1 comprises an overhead antenna zone A receiving the mentioned sector antennas 3, to which below, for example, two so-called service zones S can connect, in which for the Operating the antenna required components such as amplifier circuits, combiners, filter assemblies, etc. may be provided. Furthermore, a multiplicity of connection connections, in particular cable connections, can be accommodated here. These service zones S are accessible via separate areas, as described, for example, according to the previously published WO 2005/018042 A1, to which reference is made.

The entire arrangement can then be maintained, for example, by a central stand and / or base construction, for example a mast-shaped base structure 7, as shown in FIG. Without the mentioned service station would be connected to this stand or base structure 7 directly mentioned antenna zone.

With reference to FIG. 2, a first exemplary embodiment of a mobile radio antenna according to the invention is reproduced in explosive spatial representation and in plan view in FIG. 3, which will be discussed below.

According to these representations, it can be seen that in the center of the mobile radio antenna the mentioned support and / or mast construction 5 is provided, on which three sector antennas 3 are mounted offset in the circumferential or azimuth direction.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3, three sector antennas are not at a regular distance of 120 ° to each other in the circumferential direction about the central axis 9, which is coaxial with the mast construction 5, but deviating positioned, which will be described in more detail later will be received.

Each of the sector antennas 3 may be constructed in a conventional manner, i. They usually comprise a vertically or in the embodiment shown parallel to the central axis 9 extending reflector 13, in front of the opposite to the support and / or mast structure 5, so preferably in the extension and / or vertical direction 9 of the mobile antenna 1 (in the embodiment shown in FIG vertical longitudinal direction of the reflector 13) are generally arranged a plurality of radiators or radiator devices. These may be single or dual polarized emitters that can transmit and receive in a mono, dual, or multi-band, for example, triple band.

Each of the sector antennas 3 is provided with an associated radome 15 which covers the front of the reflector 13 and receives and protects the aforementioned radiators.

The sector antennas are usually conventional sector antennas, which in this basic configuration can also be installed separately from buildings and / or poles, protected from environmental influences.

It can also be seen from the exemplary embodiment shown that the lateral spacing spaces 19 between two mutually offset sector antennas 3 are also covered and protected by an outer covering 21.

This outer enclosure 21, which is also referred to below as a protective cover 21, is in the vertical, ie in the shown embodiment in axial plan view parallel to the central axis 9 of Figure 3 part-circular design (that is, at least approximately designed partial circular). Since the radome 15 of the individual sector antennas 3 is convexly formed at least on the so-called radome top side 15 ', the aforementioned protective cover 21 preferably connects at the transition from the radome top side 15' to the radome side sections 15 '' (where, therefore, the radome top side 15) The maximum curvature region in the cross-sectional representation of the respective radome 15 results in an overall cross-sectional representation which can be described as at least approximately cylindrical and in the sectional representation as at least approximately circular The curvature behavior by the respective radome 15 of a sector antenna 3 in the horizontal cross-section is at least approximately part-circular, and the curvature is at least approximately of a similar order of magnitude with respect to one another 4 (with respect to a slightly modified embodiment) referenced, in which the circular in cross-section (total cylindrical) or in cross-section circular or cylinder-like overall shape results.

Since, in particular, the radial distance R _{s of} the protective cover 21 from the central axis 9 corresponds approximately to the radial distance R _R (FIG. 4) of the respective radome 15 to the central axis 9, specifically in the middle distance of the radome 15 (ie at its center) Radom top side 15 '), the desired cylindrical totality results from the outside. pressure of the antenna construction, as if all the antennas were housed in a common cylindrical shell or in a common outer cylindrical enclosure 21.

However, the explained antenna construction also makes it possible to adjust the individual sector antennas differently in their azimuth orientation within a certain angular range. In the embodiment shown, for example, three sector antennas are used, which are arranged offset in their basic orientation in a 120 ° distance in the circumferential or azimuth direction to each other. Each of these sector antennas, for example, can be deviated by ± 0 ° to 10 ° thereof.

With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, it is shown, for example, that the lower sector antenna 3.1 has remained in its starting position, whereas the two upper left and rightward sector antennas 3.2 and 3.3 have been pivoted by 10 ° towards each other, so that the distance space there 19 'is now much smaller than the two distance spaces 19 "to each underneath unchanged sector antenna.

Despite the changed orientation of the two mentioned sector antennas 3.2 and 3.3, the overall configuration remains unchanged, as if virtually all sector antennas were accommodated in a common cylindrical or cylinder-like protective cover.

For this purpose, the following additional measures are provided:

The mentioned sector antennas 3 are to quasi coaxial with Central axis 9 adjustable, so around the centrally located support and / or mast construction 5 around, thereby ensuring that the vertical center plane of symmetry (which extends vertically through the center of the reflector 13 in the vertical direction) in each adjustment position with the central axis. 9 coincides. As a result, the connection line 27 of the protective cover 21 at the respective radome 15 of a sector antenna is not changed in its radial distance from the central axis 9. However, the desired effect can still be realized even if the real or virtual vertical pivot axis 109 of the sector antennas 3 does not coincide with the central axis 9, but preferably less than 30%, in particular less than 20%, 15%, 10% or less than 5% of the maximum radial distance of a sector antenna 3 (ie the farthest point of the radome 15 of a sector antenna 3 to the central axis 9) deviates.

In the embodiment shown, the respective protective cover 21 for covering the Abstandräumes 19 of at least two covers 29 each of the two covers 29 has a connection and / or connecting portion 29 ', which faces the respective sector antenna 3 and in the embodiment shown from a inwardly directed, vertically extending mounting angle portion 31 which extends in a corresponding longitudinal groove 15a on the outside of the radome 15 at the transition from the Radomoberseite 15 'to the adjacent Ra- domseitenabschnitt 15 "(see Figure 5).

The opposite, to each radome remote, vertically extending side portion 29 "overlaps with the corresponding side portion of the adjacent This basic structure is best obtained from the exploded spatial reproduction of the mobile radio antenna (omitting the above cover) according to Figure 6, although the basic structure is already apparent from the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2.

The width of the respective cover skirt 29 in the circumferential direction (that is to say in the circumferential direction about the central axis 9) is dimensioned such that in the one maximum achievable extreme position for a sector antenna 3 (ie with maximum adjustment in the azimuth direction relative to the basic position) Cooperating covers 29 maximally overlap (in the embodiment of Figures 2 ff. Cover, for example, the cover 29 with its overlapping region 29 "strongest, since the two adjacent sector antennas 3.2 and 3.3 pivots each ± 10 ° to each other, ie generally adjusted, moved and and / or have been aligned, ie the angular distance between the two antennas 3.2 and 3.3 is no longer 120 °, but only 100 °.) Upon reaching the maximum size of the spacing space 19, the covering skirts still sufficiently overlap, such as this in the case of the cover aprons 29 between the Sektorant 3.1 and 3.3 or 3.1 and 3.3 is shown with reference to the figures 2 ff.

To increase the stability, an additional support structure 35 is preferably provided, which is housed between support and / or mast construction 5 and the protective cover 21 in the respective distance space 29. This additional support structure is not shown or not realized in the embodiments according to Figures 2 and 3. The mentioned support structure 35 may be made continuous or provided in the longitudinal direction of the support and / or mast structure 5 at intervals, for example, web or pin-shaped holding elements 37, which consists of a part-circular in cross-section, preferably over the entire length of the protective cover 21 extending support wall 39. This support structure 35 with the holding elements 37 is shown for example in Figures 4 (part of Figure 5) and Figures 6 and 7. In particular, when the mentioned, preferably to the central axis 9 part-circular or partially cylindrical extending support wall 39 is designed in the axial direction in a corresponding length comparable the cover 29, this support wall 39 can also as preferably fixed, so not adjustable in the circumferential direction additional third cover 39 ' be designated.

Preferably, an outside, in the horizontal cross section also again part-circular shaped outer wall 41 is provided (wherein the outer wall 41 may also be referred to as another cover 41 '), so that between the inner support wall 39 and the outer wall 41, the overlapping side longitudinal portions 29 " This outer wall or cover skirt 41 'is preferably likewise not in the circumferential direction adjustable, but stationary.To provide sufficient space to pivot a sector antenna 3 in both directions from its central position, the inner support wall or Cover apron 39 'as well as the outboard support wall or cover skirt 41' dimensioned so that at opposite vertical longitudinal edges have a sufficient lateral distance to the adjacent sector antenna 3. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 8, it can thus be seen that not only the two cover skirts 29 which are in each case connected to or adjacent to an adjacent sector antenna 3 overlap in the middle region of the protective cover 21 thus formed, but that This cover region of the at least two adjustable covers 29 also an outer cover 41 'in the form of an outer wall 41 and an inner cover skirt 39' in the sense of an inner support wall 39 are provided. Thus, not only overlap the two adjacent cover aprons 29 each adjacent to the sector antenna, but also the above-mentioned further, in this embodiment not circumferentially adjustable Abdeckschürzen 39 'and 41'. Irrespective of this, all cover skirts have a similar curvature course in order to allow the most complete possible contact or concentric alignment with one another.

From the exploded detailed illustration according to FIG. 8, it can be seen that corresponding oblong hole recesses 43 are provided in the cover skirts 29 (in each case in their overlapping area 29 "), which are mounted (welded) radially by screws 45 or preferably fixedly mounted on the holding devices 37 passing through threaded pin 46, which pass through with its outer end a corresponding bore in the radially non-displaceable outer wall 41. If a nut is turned on the outer end of the screw 45, the overlapping portions of the cover 29 between the outer wall 41 and the inner support wall 39th be pressed over the entire surface. In this construction, it is thus also easily possible, after removing and / or loosening the screws 45 or the nut 46, to detach the respective cover apron 29 from the radome of a sector antenna, for example to dismantle a defective sector antenna and replace it with a new one ( or by a new sector antenna designed for other frequency bands). It is also possible to adjust a sector antenna in its azimuth orientation by, for example ± 10 °. For this purpose, only the cover plates 29 must then be pushed together or apart in the circumferential direction in order to allow a corresponding adaptation to the distance space 19 to be covered. Thereafter, the mounting angle portions 31 are again inserted into the corresponding longitudinal grooves 15a in the associated radome 15 (Figure 5), optionally still secured by additional fastening measures such as screws, etc. and then turn the nuts mentioned 46 tightened on the threaded pin 45. As a result of the slot recesses 43 mentioned above, the cover tabs 29 can thus be adjusted in the circumferential direction between two extreme positions in order to achieve the desired adaptation to the size of the clearance clearing 19 in the circumferential direction between two adjacent sector antennas 3.

With reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, it can also be seen that vertically extending support webs 37 projecting in the radial direction (in the case of a 120.degree. Sector antenna offset by 120.degree. In the circumferential direction) are provided on the mast and support structure, to which separate retaining elements 137 are fastened. This holding element 137 comprises the outer, in plan view convex (ie part-circular) designed supporting wall or cover skirt 39 '. In cross-section, this holding element is approximately triangular in shape, the rear support walls are concave in plan view, in order to allow the largest possible adjustment for an adjacent Sekto- rantenne with her slightly bulbous lateral portion of the radome 15 ".

At the rear side facing the mast, this holding element 137 is provided with a vertical groove 137 ', with which this holding element 137 is placed on the radially projecting, vertically extending holding web 37 (which is connected to a supporting and mast construction 5) and there by suitable measures (For example, screws) can be firmly anchored.

In the interior of the vertically extending holding element 137, radially projecting supports 137 "at a distance are provided in the center, which serve in the central region for receiving the forces which act on the supporting wall 39.

From the previous description shows that in principle the use of two circumferentially partially overlapping Abdeckschürzen 29 is sufficient to bridge a different sized distance space 19 between two sector antennas 3 (depending on how they are aligned in the azimuth direction) by appropriate adjustment. For this purpose, the two cover skirts 29 mentioned are preferably adjustable in the circumferential direction, ie at least one and preferably both are relatively adjustable in the circumferential direction. In particular, if a third, for example, fixed cover skirt is provided in the central region, the both mentioned, each adjacent to a sector antenna beginning and differently adjustable covers 29 do not overlap in their opposite sector side to the respective sector antenna. Here, it is basically sufficient if the mutually facing areas of the adjustable covering aprons 29 overlap with a third covering apron (which then also does not have to be adjustable in the circumferential direction). This can be ensured, for example, by the fact that, as shown in the figures (for example FIG. 8), an outer cover 41 '(namely the cover wall 41 there) and / or an inner cover skirt 39' is or are provided, the inner one Cover apron 39 'can also fulfill the function of a support wall 39. The fact that the adjustable cover skirts which can be adapted to the size of the free space 19 to be bridged between two sector antennas does not have to overlap itself results, for example, from FIG. 9 reproduced in a cross-sectional representation. FIG. 9 shows a cross-section through a support structure 35 outwardly facing, in horizontal cross-section preferably part-circular cover wall be provided, which is fixedly connected by a central vertical web 141 with the support wall 39, that is, with the Haltee- element 137. The cover wall forms so far another, not displaceable in the circumferential direction cover. As a result, a cross-sectional representation of part-circular, in the direction of the adjacently arranged sector antenna 3 open groove 139 is formed, in each of which a cover apron 29 engage and inserted differently far and can be pushed out in the circumferential direction. In other words, the overlapping regions 29 "in the groove 139 come to different extents pushed to lie here and overlap here with the cover 39 'and 41', which are part of the holding device 137.

Thus, in this embodiment according to FIG. 9, only two circumferentially adjacent cover skirts always overlap, i. e.g. a first cover apron 29 adjacent to a sector antenna 3, overlapping the sector antenna with outer and inner shrouds 41 ', 39' (which are concentric with each other), these two being adjacent to the central axis 9, 109 in the radial direction Cover skirts 41 ', 39' in turn overlap with a further covering apron 29 which adjoins in the circumferential direction and adjoins or is connected to the next sector antenna 3. In other words, it is provided in this embodiment that in the circumferential direction in each case two consecutive or mutually offset cover aprons each overlap in pairs, so for example a first cover apron 29 with a subsequent cover apron 39 'and 41', and this cover apron 39th '41' again with a further adjustable cover apron following in the circumferential direction. In this arrangement as well, not only the sector antennas, as mentioned above, can be adjusted differently on a part-circular adjustment path for changing their azimuth angle, but also the corresponding adjustable covering aprons on such part circular orbit can be adjusted or moved, whereby a corresponding adjustment to the size of the protective cover 21 is effected.

With reference to FIGS. 10 et seq. shows how a corresponding sector antenna can be mounted and replaced.

For this purpose, the respective sector antenna is provided with an overhead mounting projection 51 at its front end which lies at the top and projects vertically upward in the frontal extension of the sector antenna 3. At the upper end of the support and mast construction 5, the overhead lid-shaped cover 53 is further provided, which comprises, in addition to the front-side upper side 53 ', a peripheral edge 53 "projecting downwards (FIG. 10) engages this edge 53 "and can be held by an externally accessible screw 57. The screw 57 passes through the mounting projection 51 and cooperates with a lying behind the mounting projection 51 first clamping plate 59 (angle plate), so that after tightening the screw 57 (accessible from the outside) of the protruding, part-circular in the horizontal cross-section designed and to the radius of Edge 53 "adapted mounting lug 51 between the first clamping plate 59 and the edge 53" can be clamped and held over it (Figures 11 and 12).

As can be seen from FIGS. 10 and 12, the mounting lug 51 is also provided with a slot recess 61 extending in a horizontal direction (ie in a plane transverse or perpendicular to the central axis 9) and penetrated by the screw 57. After loosening the screw 57, this sector antenna can be adjusted by the desired adjustment angle of, for example ± 10 ° in the azimuth about the central or mast axis 9 around, so be moved. For mounting such a sector antenna, this, as shown in Figure 13, slightly obliquely brought from below to the mast until the overhead mounting projection 51 engages behind the upper edge 53 "of the cover 53 while the aforementioned screw with its threaded portion, the insertion 61st Run through until the threaded shank comes to lie at the level of the slot recess 61. The screw 57 does not have to be completely unscrewed, but only released so that between the peripheral edge 53 "of the upper cover 53 and serving as a counter-pressure plate first clamping plate 59 a there is sufficient distance into which the mounting plate 51 can be inserted. In order to adjust the azimuth alignment of the respective sector antenna, the sector antenna with its upper mounting projection 51, which is likewise preferably circular in plan view, can now be left or right

(Relative to the central axis of the mobile antenna 1) adjusted, so be moved, the bolt or the screw 57 while more or less immersed in the 61 of the insertion 61 'to the left or right extending slot recess 61 while this Langlochausnehmung 61 passes. As a result of the length of the slot recess 61 overall, the maximum adjustment range of the sector antenna is limited for changing the azimuth angle. The adjustment takes place here on a circular path given by the design around a virtual Abschwenkachse 109, which coincides with the central axis 9 of the mobile radio antenna 1 in the embodiment shown. The azimuth adjustment can be made not only mandatory on a part-circular path, but also a deviating from a part-circular displacement cam track, especially when the mounting insert 51 in cross section to the axis 9 and 109th itself is not part-circular, but for example, according to a section of an oval curved path, etc. is designed.

Subsequently, the lower end of the sector antenna is pivoted with a mounting flange 65 fastened there to the mast construction (as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14), this mounting flange 65 being attached to a corresponding radially projecting retaining flange 67 anchored to the support and mast construction 5 rests.

In this embodiment, the mounting flange 65 has two circumferentially offset and vertically extending guide screws 69 which are inserted via corresponding radial insertion 71 into the retaining flange 67, wherein these insertion 71 pass in the circumferential direction, part-circular elongated holes 73. These elongated holes 73 are also designed in size such that the associated sector antenna is offset by a maximum azimuth adjustment angle of, for example,. ± 10 ° (or other preselected angle).

After ^' reaching the desired position, the mentioned screws 69 are tightened, these screws 69 still passes through a parallel to the mounting flange 65 extending second clamping plate 165. In the open or dissolved state of the guide screws 69, the second clamping plate comes to rest below the holding flange 67 located on the mast. When the screws 69 are tightened, the clamping plate is pressed against the retaining flange 67 from the underside, so that the retaining flange 67 is sandwiched between the mounting flange 65 and the second clamping flange 67. plate 165 is clamped, whereby the antenna is ultimately held and secured.

Finally, it should be noted that such a mobile radio antenna can still be secured by appropriate lightning protection measures, i. by corresponding, circumferentially spaced and ultimately from top to bottom extending electrical leads.

In addition, at the top of the antenna still a separate, electrically-galvanically separate lightning protection tip 77 is provided, which via one of the other lightning protection measures galvanically separated, in the interior of the supporting and mast construction 5 down- de discharge with ground or earth connected is.

In the following, reference is made to a further exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 15a ff.

In this embodiment, a protective cover 21 is used between two mutually offset in the circumferential direction sector antennas 3, which is in this embodiment substantially three-membered. For this purpose, an adjustable cover apron 29 adjoins each sector antenna 3. Between two offset in the circumferential direction sector antennas 3, these cover with the sector antennas mitverstellbaren covers 29 but not. For this purpose, between two sector antennas in the circumferential direction therebetween (approximately in the middle) a fixed outer covering apron 41 'is provided, which is designed in plan view substantially according to a circular cross-sectionally circular fixed outer covering or outer wall 41. In other words, the vertical len, offset in the circumferential direction edges 41 a of this fixed cover 41 on the outside of the adjustable cover 29, so that the adjustable covers on the inner axis of the central axis 9 facing inside are adjusted relative to the fixed outer wall 41.

In addition, a holding and Abstützeinrich- device 37 is provided for the middle fixed cover 41 'in the form of the outer wall 41, which is designed in the manner of its vertical web with a predetermined cross-sectional width. About screws 45, 46 (similar to the embodiment of Figure 6), this outer wall 41 can be screwed to the web-shaped holding and supporting device 37 (the screws 45, 46 are not shown in Figures 15a ff.).

Preferably, this outer wall 41 is biased so that the vertically extending and circumferentially offset edges 41a are held firmly pressed in firmly tightened screws 45, 46 in the overlapping region on the adjacent adjustable cover 29.

In order to achieve a rigid structure, in this embodiment, the adjustable or verschiebbbaren or according to the orientation of a sector antenna mountable in different position cover aprons 29 are provided on its back with a stiffening profile 129. Since this stiffening profile 129 is fixedly connected at the rear with the adjustable cover aprons 29, thus a solid unit is produced, a kind of hollow chamber profile 229 in the manner of a cover apron 29th created with integral rear support 129. The rear support means 129 has in the circumferential direction on a length (ie usually in horizontal section), which preferably corresponds to more than 50%, more than 60% or even more than 70% of the width of a cover 29 in the circumferential direction (as in particular from FIG 16 is easy to see).

As can be seen in particular from the cross-sectional view according to FIG. 15a, which shows the explosive reproduction according to FIG. 15b and the enlarged cross-sectional view according to FIG. 16, the two cover skirts 29 provided laterally on a sector antenna 3 are connected via a holding and connecting plate 329 connected with each other. This holding and connecting plate can be seen, for example, in the exploded view according to FIG. 17 and in the rear view according to FIG. Two or more such holding and stiffening plates can be used in the longitudinal direction of such a sector antenna. This allows adaptation to sector antennas having different axial lengths.

Such a holding and connecting device 329, preferably in the form of a holding and connecting plate, can be screwed externally on connecting points 329 'with a rear support of the reinforcing and supporting profile 129.

FIG. 17 a shows a perspective exploded view and in FIG. 17 b shows a single sector antenna with adjoining associated covering profiles 29 in the form of hollow profiles 229 in the preassembled state. 17a and an embodiment of the holding and connecting device 329 is reproduced, as shown by receiving the sector antenna 3 on the inner or back of the sector antenna 3 at attachment points 329th 'Is firmly connected to the hollow section 229. Such holding and connecting devices 329 may be anchored at several points in the longitudinal direction of the sector antenna 3, usually at least in the lower and in the upper region.

In addition, the opposing hollow sections 229 are also connected to intermediate carriers on the rear or inner side of the sector antennas 3 (whereby, on the one hand, a higher rigidity is achieved). In this exemplary embodiment, the mounting lug 51 is attached to and mounted on this connection carrier 429 on the upper side of the sector antenna 3 and the holding flange 65 is attached to the lower connection carrier 429.

Such a preassembled unit according to FIG. 16, 17b or 18b can be provided by the installer in order to then assemble these sector antennas into a complete mobile radio base station according to the described exemplary embodiments, the assembly being carried out by means of the mounting device shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in particular, the uppermost mounting plate 51 and the lower mounting flange 65 can be made.

Such a construction allows, as shown in the cross-sectional view of Figure 15, for example, the right in Figure 15 as well as the Sector down below sector to bring in a minimum mutually aligned orientation in which each overlaps with the sector antenna with adjustable adjacent cover 29 a maximum of the fixed Abdec- apron 41 'in the form of the outer wall 41, so accumulated up to the central web-shaped fastening device 37 is.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 15a, 15b and 16, the co-variable covering skirts 29 adjoining the outer edge of the respective sector antenna are shown with angular edge sections 31 which can engage in a corresponding groove (longitudinal groove) in the radome of a sector antenna and be anchored there. However, it is also possible that, in particular, by the holding and connecting profiles 329 and by the hollow profile-like configuration of the covering aprons 29 with the rear support profile 129, the covering aprons 29 are held on their edge 31 only on the outside of the radome.

Thus, if a sector antenna is to be mounted differently in its azimuth orientation, both the sector antenna and the two covering aprons 29 adjoining the sector antenna are correspondingly displaced, displaced, rearranged, etc., with the sector antenna then being adjoined, depending on the direction of adjustment Cover apron with an adjacent cover further overlaps and provided on the opposite side cover skirt overlaps with the other provided there aprons (for example, in the form of one or more fixed cover walls, etc.) less. The arrangement is overall such that the protective cover 21 between two adjacent However, sectoral antennas 3 always results in a quasi-closed circumferential surface, so that the impression of a more or less closed cylindrical or a cylinder approximate basic construction can be achieved.

Claims

Claims;

1. Mobile antenna, in particular for a base station, having the following features: there is provided at least substantially vertically extending support and / or mast construction (5), there are at least two in the circumferential direction to the support and / or mast construction (5) Sector antennas (3) which can be aligned or arranged with different azimuth angles and which preferably comprise emitters spaced apart in the extension and / or vertical direction (9) of the mobile radio antenna (1), - the sector antennas (3) comprise an associated radome

(15), which forms an associated part of the sector antenna (3), at least one and preferably all sector antennas (3) are associated with an adjustment and / or pivot axis (109) parallel to the extension and / or vertical axis (9) mountable or alignable at a different azimuth angle or adjustable or pivotable to a different azimuth angle, characterized by the following further features: the lateral spacing space (19) between two adjacent sector antennas (3) is bridged by means of a protective cover (21), - the protective cover (21) is divided at least in the circumferential direction transversely to the extension and / or vertical direction and comprises at least two cover aprons (29, 39, 41 ') which at least two cover aprons (29, 39', 41 ') belonging to a protective cover (21) partly overlap one another in the circumferential direction, the end edge respectively adjacent to a sector antenna (3) 29 ') a cover apron

(29) is arranged and / or fixed on or immediately adjacent to the radome (15) of a sector antenna (3), and the adjustment and / or pivot axis (109) of a sector antenna (3) for different azimuth alignment of the sector antenna (3) or to change its azimuth angle is arranged so that it coincides with a central axis (9) of the mobile radio antenna (1) and / or their mast and / or supporting structure or has a radial transverse distance to the less than 30%, in particular less than 20 %, less than 10% and in particular less than 5% of the maximum radial distance between the central axis (9) and the outwardly facing top (15 ") of the radome (15) of an associated sector antenna (3).

2. Mobile radio antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover aprons (29, 39 ', 41') in cross-section transversely and preferably perpendicular to the extension and / or Vertical direction are part-circular or at least approximately part-circular design.

3. Mobile radio antenna according to claim 1 or 2, character- ized in that the covering aprons (29, 39 ', 41') with respect to their outwardly facing surface at a radial distance (R _s ) from the central axis (9) of the mobile radio antenna ( 1) corresponding to the maximum radial distance (R _R ) of the radome (15) of an associated sector antenna (3), or of which less than 30%, in particular less than 20%, less than 10% and less than 5% differs.

4. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 1 to 3, character- ized in that the protective cover (21) on

Transition region from the radome top (15 ') to the adjoining radome side portion (15 ") ends.

5. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 1 to 4, character- ized in that the width of the cover aprons

(29) in the circumferential direction is dimensioned so large that two cooperating cover aprons (29) adjoining the respective radome (15) of two adjacently arranged sector antennas (3) cover even if the adjacent associated sector antennas (3) with their maximum adjustment angle in the azimuthal direction away from each other, moved, mounted or arranged.

6. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 1 to 5, character- ized in that the cover aprons (29) by means of

Engagement portions (31) in outer grooves (15a) in a radome (15) are anchored.

7. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the protective cover (21) comprises only two cover skirts (29) which overlap in the central region of the protective cover (21).

8. Mobile antenna according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the protective cover (21) comprises at least three cover aprons (29; 39 ', 41'), namely in each case one of the respective sector antenna (3) adjacent cover (29) and at least one further covering skirt (39 ', 41') located in the circumferential direction between these two covering skirts (29).

9. A mobile radio antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that an overlap region (29 ") is provided, in which the at least three circumferentially between two sector antennas (3) provided cover aprons (29; 39 ', 41') of a protective cover ( 21) cover.

10. Mobile radio antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that between two circumferentially adjacent arranged sector antennas (3) provided protective cover (21) at least three circumferentially offset from each other covering covers (29; 39 ', 41'), wherein the two Cover aprons (29) adjoining a sector antenna (3) do not overlap, but in each case have only one overlapping region with a further cover apron (39 ¹ , 41 ') located between the cover aprons (29).

11. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the at least two to a protective cover (21) belonging cover aprons (29) in Adjustment to the azimuth alignment of two adjacent sector antennas (3) and thus in adaptation to the size of the distance space (19) between two adjacent sector antennas (3) in the circumferential direction towards each other or from each other adjustable, displaced or mounted.

12. A mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that in addition to each of a protective cover (21) belonging adjustable Abdeckschür- zen (29) at least one circumferentially in between located further cover skirt (39 ', 41') is provided which is not adjustable or stationary in the circumferential direction.

13. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the cover skirts (29) by means of a support structure (35) on the support and / or mast construction (5) are held and / or supported.

14. Mobile radio antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that the supporting structure (35) comprises a holding device or holding devices (137) extending over the entire height of a sector antenna (3) or sections over a partial length of the sector antenna (3) or extend , This holding device (137) is provided with an outwardly facing support wall (39) which is designed in cross-section to the central axis (9) partially circular or at least approximately part-circular, and on the cover aprons (29) are supported on the outside and in the internally offset lying recesses support engaging.

15. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least one and preferably two fixed cover aprons (39 ', 41') are provided, wherein the cover apron (39 ') preferably forms a support wall (39) of a holding device (137) and / or an outer cover apron (41') is provided in the manner of an outer wall (41).

16. A mobile radio antenna according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that two cover aprons (29) act together and, depending on the size of the space to be bridged space (19) between two adjacent sector antennas (3) cover different degrees and preferably on the support and / or rest or at least indirectly support and / or at least indirectly rest on outwardly directed support walls (39), which are part-circular in cross-section, of the holding device (137).

17. A mobile radio antenna according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the adjacent sections of two to cover a distance space (19) cooperating covers (29) on the outwardly facing convex support wall (39) of the holding device (137) rest or engage in corresponding part-circular, circumferentially extending grooves (139) formed between the support wall (39) and a radially outwardly offset outer wall (41).

18. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the two cooperating cover aprons (29) with their respective adjacent to the sector antenna (3) remote side portions (29 ") between the support wall (39) and a Outer wall (41) come to rest, between which they are clamped by means of a locking device.

19. A mobile radio antenna according to claim 18, characterized in that the cover skirts (29) have at their adjacent to the adjacent sector antennas (3) areas a so-called. Overlap region (29 "), with which they come to lie overlapping each other, where they in the overlap region (29 ") wholly or partially see between the inner support wall (39) and the outer wall (41) are positioned outside.

20. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that in the cover aprons (29) horizontally extending slots (43) are introduced, which are penetrated by a screw (45 '), whereby the maximum adjustment of the covers (29) is limited relative to each other.

21. A mobile radio antenna according to any one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the holding device (37) outwardly projecting bolts (45) which comprises the elongated holes (43) in the cover aprons (29) and a bore in the outer wall (41) protrude, wherein on the outside projecting threaded portion a nut (46) is turned on.

22. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that at least two cover aprons (29), preferably each of two adjacent sector antennas (3) adjacent cover (29), adjustable in the circumferential direction and / or in the circumferential direction in different Relative position are mounted to each other.

23. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the sector antenna (3) via a lower holding device preferably in the form of a retaining flange (65) on one of the support and / or mast construction (5) radially projecting retaining flange ( 67) is held supported.

24. A mobile radio antenna according to claim 23, characterized in that the sector antenna (3) by means of its mounting flange (65) in a limited azimuth angle range relative to the retaining flange (67) in the circumferential direction about the central axis (9) or the setting and / or pivot axis (109) adjustable, in particular displaceable.

25. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that a sector antenna (3) is provided with an upwardly projecting mounting lug (51), which preferably under and / or behind a peripheral edge (53 "), which at one Mobile radio antenna (1) is formed with top-end cap-shaped cover (53).

26. A mobile radio antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that the mounting projection (51) has a circumferentially extending oblong hole (61) passing through a threaded or retaining bolt (57) of a clamping device for enabling an azimuth adjustment of a sector antenna (3) is.

27. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that a sector antenna (3) at its underlying holding device (67) and / or her above provided mounting projection (51) can be locked by means of a releasable clamping device.

28. A mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the sector antenna (3) in an azimuth angle range on a part-circular path adjustable, in particular displaceable.

29. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that at least one middle cover skirt (41 '), preferably in the form of an outer wall

(41) is provided, which in the horizontal cross section or cross section to the longitudinal axis (9, 109) is designed at least approximately part-circular, and that this cover apron (41 ') is preferably held by a vertically extending web or rib-shaped support means (37).

30. A mobile radio antenna according to any one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that on a sector antenna (3) on both opposite longitudinal sides respectively adjacent cover skirt (29) is connected to a rear suppression and / or stiffening profile (129).

31. A mobile radio antenna according to claim 30, characterized in that the adjustable cover skirt (29) with the rear stiffening and / or support profile (129) is formed as a fixed unit, resulting in a hollow profile in cross section structure.

32. Mobile radio antenna according to claim 30 and 31, characterized in that the stiffening and / or support profile (129) in the circumferential direction relative to the associated Cover apron (29) has a length which corresponds to greater than 50%, in particular greater than 60% or 70% of the part-circular, extending in the circumferential direction length of the covering apron (29).

33. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 30 to 32, characterized in that the two covers (29) provided on the opposite sides of a sector antenna (3) are connected via a holding and connection construction (329) arranged between the sector antenna and the central axis (9, 109) of the mobile radio antenna runs.

34. Mobile radio antenna according to claim 33, characterized in that in the longitudinal direction of a sector antenna at least two extending only in an axial part height holding and connecting profiles (329) for connecting two adjacent to a sector antenna (3) located cover skirts (29) are provided ,

35. A mobile radio antenna according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that a respective holding and connecting profile (329) via connecting points (329 ¹ ) with the stiffening and / or supporting profile (129) is connected to the respective associated cover skirt (29 ) is connected in one piece, fixed or non-detachable.

36. Mobile radio antenna according to one of claims 8 to 35, characterized in that the middle, preferably in the form of a fixed support or outer wall (41) formed Abdeckschürze (41 ') in the assembled state with its outer, circumferentially offset longitudinal edges (41a) under bias in the respective Overlap area on the adjacent adjustable cover (29) rests.