WO2007107333A2

WO2007107333A2 - Arrangement for the selective display of two-dimensional images or images that can be percieved in three dimensions

Info

Publication number: WO2007107333A2
Application number: PCT/EP2007/002460
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stephan Otte; Ferenc Torma
Original assignee: Newsight Gmbh
Priority date: 2006-03-20
Filing date: 2007-03-20
Publication date: 2007-09-27
Also published as: DE102006013407A1; WO2007107333A3

Abstract

The invention relates to arrangements for the selective display of two-dimensional images or images that can be percieved in three dimensions. The inventive arrangements comprise an image reproduction device (I) provided with a plurality of image elements displaying information from a plurality of views in a pre-determined order, a filter array (2), and at least one dispersion layer (3) arranged, in the viewing direction of the observer, behind the image reproduction device (1) and in front of the filter array (2). The dispersion layer can be selectively switched between a transparent state and a dispersion state on at least one partial surface (4a). The filter elements are arranged in such a way that, in the transparent state of the at least one partial surface (4a) of the dispersion layer (3), defined propagations directions are pre-determined for the light radiated by the image reproduction device (I), and in the dispersion state of the at least one partial surface (4a) of the dispersion layer (3), the structuring of the light passing through the filter array (2) and then through the at least one partial surface (4a) of the scattering layer (3) is reduced in relation to the first state. The invention enables the arrangement to be switched on partial surfaces, respectively independently, into a 3D mode and a 2D mode.

Description

Arrangement for optionally three-dimensionally perceptible or two-dimensional

Presentation of pictures

The invention relates to an arrangement for optionally three-dimensional perceptible or two-dimensional representation of images.

In the course of research in the field of autostereoscopic presentation, a large number of methods and arrangements have been developed that provide one or more observers without a sense of spatial impressions. However, these arrangements often only obstruct a limited amount of ordinary text or two-dimensional graphics, e.g. in US 5,457,574 and US 5,606,455 FaH. for the user, however, it is of great advantage if he can optionally switch between a glasses-free 3D display and a high-resolution, as unimpaired 2D-Darstelhmg on one and the same device.

For optically reproducing the perspective views of an object in autostercoscopic display, inter alia electronically controllable color LCD pancls are used, which are also suitable for two-dimensional image reproduction when triggered in the conventional manner. In many cases, there is great interest in being able to make a switch from the spatial autostereoscopic display (which is also referred to below as a three-dimensional representation due to the strong spatial impression) into a two-dimensional representation. This is particularly relevant for the readability of texts, since the image quality in the two-dimensional mode is better due to higher image resolution.

With regard to such switching from 2D to 3D and vice versa, a number of arrangements are known. For example, WO 01/56265 describes a method for spatial representation in which at least one wavelength division array ensures a spatially perceptible representation. In a particular embodiment of this invention, an LCD panel acts as a wavelength filter array with a variable transmittance. This achieves a switchover between 2D and 3D display. The disadvantage here, however, that the light through two LCD panels, i. by a variety of components, e.g. Polarisatiocs Hem, Flüssigkristalbchichten and other components such as carrier substrates must penetrate, so that the brightness is reduced in both the 2D and in the SD representation.

US Pat. No. 6,157,424 describes a 2D / 3D display in which two LCD panels are rear-connected and one of them serves as a switchable barrier. WO 02/35277 describes a 3D display with a substrate which contains strips of first optical properties and intervening strips of second optical properties as well as a polarizer, which inter alia makes the 2D / 3D switching by polarization rotation or adding or subtracting Omission of a polarizer achieved.

Also, a 2D / 3D switchable display is known from US 6,337,721. In this case, a plurality of light sources, a lenticular and at least one fuπktionswesentlicne switchable litter disc are provided. These components provide different lighting modes for organzing each one 2D or 3D presentation!

US Pat. No. 5,897,184 discloses an autostereoscopic display with a reduced-thickness illumination component for transportable computer systems which permits zonemise switching from 3D to 2D and vice versa. The disadvantage here is that it is a two-channel 3D display for only one viewer, which also still has to be in a fixed viewing position. Furthermore, the image brightness in the 3D mode is lower than the comparable two-channel 3D displays. This refers to those 3D displays that represent exactly one left and one right picture. In addition, if the viewing position is not correctly selected in depth in front of the 3D display, strong and disturbing moirό effects can be perceived. In 2D mode, among other things, the light available for the 3D mode is scattered with the aim of homogenizing the illumination to cancel out the 3D image sensor. Thus, in the 2D mode, the image brightness is reduced in the arrangements with the switching-disc lens since the scattering state of such lenses has a transmittance of less than 1 (for example, about 50%). Incidentally, the device can only be produced with a high manufacturing outlay. Another disadvantage is that by inserting a switchable diffusing screen, the distance between the illumination component and the image display panel is increased, which prevents normal viewing distances, particularly in the case of 3D displays with small pixels and / or high resolution.

QS 5, 134,345 describes a lighting system for high-resolution and 3D displays, which initially produces sequentially sequential (stroboscopic) illumination patterns. In order to achieve a 2D / 3D display, another embodiment provides a diffusing screen which can be switched between transparent and diffusing mode, and is switched to diffuse for the 2D mode.

Further, US 5,500,765. how the effect of a lenticular can be canceled, if a complementary Linsenaπorddung folded over wid. As a result, the 3D display is virtually switched off. This approach works only with lenticular systems and requires the production of an exactly complementary lumen arrangement. Further disadvantages are the dust sensitivity and increased reflection loss. In the case of DE 100 53 868 C2, an arrangement for the optional 2D or 3D display with two light sources is described, wherein for the 2D display the 3D illumination is always switched off or the light emitted by it is blocked. The disadvantage here is that the 2D Beleuchtun _j $ slicht b2gl. the luminance can not be made sufficiently homogeneous. Furthermore, with the use of a commercially available light guide as 2D illumination, its macroscopic structure is generally visible to the viewer and produces a disturbing pattern. However, a microscopic structure that is not visually visible is complex and expensive to produce.

JP 10268805 is based on the object of achieving a hdtes 2D image and an equal brightness in 2D and 3D Darstcl1ung. This is achieved by the use of a lenticular grid as a bumper bar behind an imager. Further, there is arranged a weakly scattering disc for temporarily canceling the Linscnwirfαing movable

The disadvantage here is that inherently a light source for collimated light is necessary, so that in the strict sense no 3D viewing room, but only a single fixed 3D viewing position can exist. Further, for parallel light emission, a complicated light guide is used in the US Pat. side Hght mode "is necessary, in the case of an additional" parallelization structure "on the opposite side of the outcoupling side of the light guide, ie The optical surface of the light guide would also require a complicated and expensive "side light." For example, due to the optical lenticular scan, the foci would not lie in a plane of the diffuser at oblique parallel exposure arise.

According to US 2003/001 1884 A1, a 3D / 2D Umschahxιng with "dtffusing means" is provided.The 3D / 2D display contains over a pure 3D display additional "converting means", these "converting means" consist in "the second condition ". What we mean here is the 2D mode of "diffusing means", which are intended to produce a 2D representation in various ways.

A disadvantage of this arrangement is that the resolution in 2D mode is very poor and a full resolution ("fill resolution") is not achieved in 2D mode Therefore, for example, text displayed in the 2D mσdus remains unreadable. Although the optical distance between the scattering layer and the subpixels may be smaller, the optical distance between the scattering layer and the subpixels is nevertheless relatively large, but such a lenticular grid is also shown in US Pat It is costly and expensive to produce, and has further disadvantages due to the additional switchable scattering properties. Also in WO 99/44091, a lenticular screen is preferably used for image separation. The lenticular grid itself is not formed on its convex or planar surface nor in its interior light-scattering.The scattering effect is to arise in the lenticular grid itself The scattering layer must degrade the 2D image on the imager and can not cancel out the image-separating effect of the lenticular grid, therefore, even with these arrangements, text displayed in 2D mode remains illegible. Furthermore, the ambient light capability of conventional 2D displays is not achieved.

Based on this, it is an object of the present invention to provide an arrangement of the type mentioned, which is to be realized by simple means and in particular the Umschaltimg between a 2D and a 3D mode on partial areas of the entire image area allowed. The partial area operated in 3D mode is intended to present a number of viewers with a spatially perceptible image without aids. On subareas that are in 2D mode, it should be possible to display as high-resolution as possible, particularly preferably a full-resolution image.

This object is achieved erfmdungsgemaß of an arrangement for three-dimensionally perceptible or two-dimensional representation of images, comprising an image display device 1 with a plurality of pixels that represent information from one or more views of a scene / a subject / a text in a predetermined assignment , a filter array 2 arranged in the viewing direction B of an observer behind the image reproduction device 1 and comprising a plurality of wavelength elements permeable in certain wavelength ranges, at least one scattering layer 3 arranged behind the image reproduction device 1 and in front of the filter array 2 in the viewing direction of the observer, at least one Part surface 4a, preferably on several faces. 4a, 4b, ... of their total area is selectively switchable between a transparent state and a scattering state, wherein the filter elements are arranged such that in the transparent state of the at least one partial surface 4a of the scattering beam 3 for the light emitted by the image display device 1 defined light Spreading directions are predetermined, so that at a plurality of first observation sites predominantly or exclusively information of a first group of views and at a plurality of second Bc watching locations predominantly or exclusively information of a second group of views are perceived, and in the scattering state of the at least one surface 4 a of the litter layer 3, the structuring of the light passing through the filter array 2 and thereafter through said at least a Teilflächc 4 a of the litter layer 3 compared to the first state is reduced.

The said first and second group of views each comprise one or more views.

Furthermore, the arrangement according to the invention is advantageously designed in such a way that the image display device 1 reproduces information from a plurality, that is, at least two directions of a scene / of an object / of a text essentially on those of its image elements, on which, in the case of parallel projection along the Surface normal of Bildwiedergabeeiπrich- tion 1 one or more such Teilflächeπ the litter layer 3 are projected, which are rm transparent state befindlich. The image-wording device 1 represents on substantially all other images information from exactly one view of a subject / text, resulting in a two-dimensional representation there.

The filter array 2 is preferably designed as a passive filter, for example as a printed glass sheet or as a laser-exposed or flattened film, which is air-blasted on a carrier substrate. The individual filter elements of the filter array 2 each have an arbitrary, preferably rectangular, contour. In an advantageous embodiment, the fiber array 2 exclusively has filter elements which are either opaque or transparent throughout the entire spectrum of visible light.

As Bildwiedergabeeinrichtutig 1 is primarily an LC display panel preferably a color LC display panel. in question. Other design possibilities are not excluded, but in any case, the image reproducing device must be intrinsic to dismutation and not self-acidic.

In the direction of B cήics observer 2 © lighting device 5 is arranged behind the filter array, which emits flatly distributed light, the brightness of the Belcuchtungseinrichtung 5 is preferably changeable.

The scattering layer 3 is preferably a PDLC film, which is embedded in a sandvil structure which contains an ITO layer on each side of the large areas of the PDLC film and optionally also a respective plastic or glass substrate.

Advantageously, one of the two ITO layers is divided into separately controllable columns and the other is subdivided into separately controllable lines, so that partial areas 4a, 4b,... Of the stripe head 3 can be controlled. The production of such ITO layers is possible, for example, flat ITO layers be separated according to the desired line ZSpaltenpositioncn by means of a Schleppmesscr or a laser beam into separate, not in electrical contact with each other standing sections. On the other hand, "the TTO shafts can already be divided into separate areas during application to the litter layer 3, so that no later separation into separate sections is necessary.

The arrangement according to the invention advantageously also comprises an automatic control electronics which, depending on the columns and lines of the ITO layers, determine specific partial areas 4a, 4b,..., Each on the basis of an electrical or electronic input signal. the scattering layer 3 switches into the transparent or the scattering state by applying or splitting off a voltage. Thus, the selective conversion between a 2D and a 3D mode of different partial areas of the arrangement is possible. The Adreßcodicung the faces 4a, 4b, ... the litter layer 3 via a Mikrocσntroller.

Alternatively, an ITO layer without subsections may be formed while the other "; ITO layer consists of many small TTO arrays that can be selectively driven using TFTs (thm film-transistors).

Furthermore, preferably the width of the columns and / or the height of the rows of the ITO layers substantially correspond in each case to an integral τi multiple of the minimum horizontal and / or vertical smallest periods of the multiple views on the picture elements of the picture display device 1 Get representation.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to drawings

It shows

I the PrinripdarsteHung an inventive arrangement,

2 shows the Priπzipdarstellung an erfradungsgemäßeπ arrangement, wherein a partial surface 4a of

Litter layer 3 is in the transparent state

3 shows the Pruvdpdarstellung an inventive arrangement, wherein a partial surface 4a of the

Litter layer 3 is in the scattering state. and

4 shows an example of a distribution of a litter layer 3 in different sub-areas 4a ,. , 4y.

In Fig. 1, the erfjjidungsgcmaße arrangement for three-dimensionally perceptible or two-dimensional representation of images is represented as Prinzipdarsteπung. This comprises an image display device 1 with a multiplicity of picture elements which, in a predetermined assignment, represent information from one or more views of a scene / object / text. a filter array 2 arranged in the viewing direction B of an observer behind the printed image coding device 1, which comprises a multiplicity of waveguide filters permeable to certain wavelengths, at least one scattering layer 3 arranged behind the image exposure device I and in front of the filter array 2 in the viewing direction of the observer at least one target surface 4a, preferably on a plurality of sub-surfaces 4a, 4b,. , Their surface can optionally be switched between a transparent state and a scattering state, the filter elements being arranged in such a way that in the transparent state of the at least one subarea 4 a of the litter layer 3 are defined for the light emitted by the image wiper device 1, then propagation directions are defined predominantly or exclusively information of a first group of views and at a plurality of second observation locations information of a second group of views are perceptible on a multiplicity of first observation objects, and in the scattering state of the at least one partial surface 4a of the scattering layer 3 the structuring of the the filter array 2 and thereafter through said at least a partial area 4 a of the luminescent layer 3 passing light is reduced compared to the first state and thus on the corresponding areas of the image reproduction Einric a two-dimensional representation is possible.

In the viewing direction B of an observer, behind the filter array 2, an illuminating device 5 is arranged, which emits surface-distributed light, the sanctity of the illuminating device 5 preferably being changeable.

The arrangement according to the invention is advantageously designed in such a way that the image display device J reproduces information from a plurality, ie at least two views of a scene / object / text on essentially those of its picture elements, on which parallel projection along the surface normal of the picture display device 1, one or more such partial surfaces of the stripping layer 3 are projected, which are located in the transparent state. The transparent state of the partial surface 4a of the litter layer 3 is shown in FIG. 2: all other surfaces 4b. .. the litter layer 3 are here in the scattering state. The light from the illumination device 5 structured by the filter array thus passes unhindered through the subarea 4 a of the scattering layer 3 and permits a spatial representation in the aforementioned representation of several views. For the mode of action of a filter array for the generation of a spatial perception, reference is made to the documents WO 01/56265 and WO03 / 024122 of the Aomeldsrm. The image display device 1 thus represents on substantially all other picture elements -in FIG. 2 those which are not directly in front of the partial surface 4a of the diffusion layer 3 - information from exactly one view of a scene / object, which there. a two-dimensional representation leads.

Finally, FIG. 3 shows the principle representation of an arrangement according to the invention, wherein now the sub-area c 4a of the scattering layer 3 is in the scattering state. Correspondingly, the associated image reproduction elements c only show image information of a single view

The filter array 2 is preferably formed as a laser-exposed film which exhibits a suitable filter array structure.

As a picture display device I here a color LCD display Pand is used.

Moreover, Figure 4 shows an exemplary division of a litter layer 3 in different part surfaces 4a, ... 4j. In this way, 9 sub-areas 4a,..., 4j could each be switched separately into a 2D or a 3D mode on an arrangement which includes such a scattering layer 3.

The litter layer 3 is a PDLC film, which is embedded in a sandbox assembly. on both sides of the large area of the PDLC film each contains an ITO layer and still each plastic substrate. One of the two ITO layers is m separately controllablec columns and the other subdivided into separately controllable lines so that each TciJflächen 4a, 4b, ... the litter layer: 3 are instrucable.

The arrangement according to the invention advantageously also comprises a control electronics which, for each electrical or electronic input signal, determines the specific partial surfaces 4a, 4b, _{7 of} the scattering layer 3 by means of the gaps and lines of the ITO elements, respectively by applying or splitting off a voltage in the transparent or in the scattering state switches. However, said control electronics are not shown in the drawing.

The invention has the advantage that it can be realized by simple means and in particular allows the switching between a 2D and a 3D mode on sub-areas of the entire Bildfluche. The partial area operated in 3D mode simultaneously presents a viewer with an image that can not be spatially perceived by several observers. A full-resolution image can be displayed on the partial surfaces in 2D mode. Thus, the inventive task is solved advantageously.

Claims

claims

1 arrangement for three-dimensionally perceivable or two-dimensional representation vαn Bil _¬ countries, comprising an image reproducing means (1) having a plurality of Bildclcmenten representing in a predetermined assignment information from one or more views of a scene / an Gegenstan- the / a text, an looking in the direction (B) a viewer behind the Bildwiedergabecinnchtung (I) angeordne- tes filter array (2), comprising a ^"plurality of permeable in certain WeUenlängenbereichcn Wellcnlängenfitterclcmenten, at least one in the viewing direction of the observer behind the image display device (1) and in front of the filter array (2) arranged scattering layer (3) which on at least a Teilfläcbe (4a), preferably on several Teiiflächen (4a _* 4b,.) Of their total area optionally between sinem transparent state and a scattering state umschaJtbar, wherein the Filterelömente are arranged such that in transparent state of at least a sub-area c (4a) of the scattering layer (3) is defined for the propagation directions defined by the image-reproducing device (1), so that at a plurality of first observation locations, predominantly or exclusively, information of a first group of views and a plurality of views second observational sites predominantly or exclusively information of a second group of views are perceptible, and in the scattering state of the at least one partial surface (4a) of the litter layer (3) the Strukturierrag of the filter array (2) and thereafter through said at least one partial surface (4a) Litter layer (3) hmdurchtostenden light compared to the first state is reduced.

2. Arrangement according to claim I, characterized in that the first and the second group of views each comprise one or more views.

3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the image reproducing device (1) reproduces in predetermined assignment information from several, thus at least two, views of a scene / an object / a text on essentially those of its picture elements on which at parallel projection along the surface normal of the image reproduction device (1) one or more such partial surfaces of the scattering layer (3) are projected, which are in the transparent state, and that the Bildwiedergabccuuitt- tion (1) on substantially all other Bildclcmenten Represents information from just one view of a subject of a text.

4 arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the Filtcrarτay (2) is designed as a passive filter.

5. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the individual filter terlaerte the filter array (2) each have an arbitrary, preferably a rectangular outline.

6. Arrangement according to one of claims I to 5, characterized in that the Filterarπiy (2) exclusively those Filtere] emente which are either opaque or transparent in the entire spectrum of visible light.

7. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the image reWeicrgabeeiorichtυng (I) is an LC display panel, preferably a color LC display Pancl.

8. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the viewing direction (B) of a viewer, the illuminating array (2) is arranged with a lighting device (5) which emits surface-distributed light, the brightness of the illumination being nchtung (5) is preferably changeable.

9. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Schjeht (3) is a PDLC FiIm, which is embedded in a sandwich structure on both sides of the large areas of the PDLC film each a TTO-Schtcht and optionally one each Plastic or glass substrate contains.

10. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the one of the two ITO layers in separately controllable columns and the other is divided into separately controllable lines isi; so that each partial surfaces (4a, 4b, ...) of the litter layer (3) can be controlled.

1 1. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a Ansteuerdek- tronik, each on a respective electrical or electronic input signal by virtue of the columns and rows of ITO layers certain sub-areas (4.a 4b, ...) of the litter layer (3) by applying or removing a voltage in the transparent or in the scattering state switches

2. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the address coding of the partial surfaces (4, a 4b,.) Of the scattering layer (3) takes place via a microcontroller.

13. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the width of the columns and / or the height of the rows of ITO layers are substantially each an integer multiple of the minimum horizontal and / or vertical smallest periods of several Ansiebten on the Bildelementcn the image display device (1) corresponds, insofar as they come to the representation.

14. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the one ΪTO layer is formed continuously without sections. and the other ITO layer consists of many small ITO arrays that can be selectively driven using TFTs (thin-film transistors).