WO2001088293A1

WO2001088293A1 - Building framework

Info

Publication number: WO2001088293A1
Application number: PCT/BE2001/000078
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jacques Wybauw
Original assignee: Rebuild World Rbw, S.A.
Priority date: 2000-05-12
Filing date: 2001-05-07
Publication date: 2001-11-22
Also published as: CN1426502A; AU2001259959A1

Abstract

The invention concerns a building frame whereof the posts (2, 3, 4) consist of one, two or four L-shaped steel sections, depending on whether they are located at corners of the building, on the sides of the building or inside it. External beams (6, 8) made of steel are fixed by their ends against the wings of the sections of two posts (2, 3) located on the periphery of the building. Main (5) and transverse (7) beams are fixed by their ends between pairs of wings of the sections of the posts (3, 4). Floor elements (9) are also supported on main beams (5) and spandrel beams (6) parallel to the main beams (5). Openings (28) for the passage of ducts (29, 30) are provided in at least some of the wings of the L-shaped sections which form the posts (3, 4) of the frame.

Description

BUILDING FRAMEWORK

The present invention relates to a building frame formed by the assembly on site of prefabricated elements. It is known to construct buildings using prefabricated elements in the factory. Many such construction systems have already been proposed and used.

FR-A-2 471 461 discloses a technique for producing building frames in which the posts are formed by assembling steel angles between them so that the edges of these angles are located towards the center of the pole. , small "cross" plates being bolted or welded at intervals between the wings of the angles, thus providing a groove between the wings of angles parallel to each other. The beams of this framework consist of steel beams with an I-profile, the horizontal sections of which are however notched for a certain distance at the two ends of each beam. At each of its ends, such a beam is therefore in the form of a vertical flat iron and it is this vertical flat iron which is introduced between two parallel wings of a post and which is bolted in place there.

In FR-A-2 613 403 is described a technique for making frames which is quite similar to that described in FR-A-2 471 461 but the posts and beams are preferably made of wood.

The techniques described in these two previous documents make it possible to produce frameworks for buildings by assembling lightly diversified light prefabricated elements on site, easy to mass produce, easy to store and transport and easy to assemble and disassemble by a unskilled labor.

In these known techniques, however, nothing is provided for the protection against fire of the frames produced and, by design, these frames do not lend themselves to being equipped with a simple and effective system of protection against fire. However, good fire protection is very important, not only for wooden frames but especially for steel frames.

In addition, in these known techniques, nothing is provided to allow simple and effective installation of pipes (electrical pipes, water pipes, sanitary pipes, heating pipes, air conditioning ducts, etc.) in the buildings to be built.

The object of the present invention is to provide a building framework constructed by assembling on the building site prefabricated elements which are not very diversified, of simple shapes and easy to mass produce, relatively light and which can be assembled by an unskilled workforce. .

The invention also aims to produce such a frame that can be produced by a technique which offers the advantages due to the ease of organization of a "dry site".

The object of the invention is also to provide a technique for producing building frames which provides great architectural flexibility and which in particular facilitates possible modification or enlargement works of a building and which also facilitates dismantling and full reuse of the frame elements in the event of partial or total dismantling of a building.

A particular object of the invention is to produce such a building frame which can be simply fitted with a fire protection installation.

Another particular object of the invention is to produce such a building framework designed so as to allow simple and efficient installation of pipes in the building to be produced. According to this object of the invention, it is particularly important to facilitate the installation of pipes embedded in the partitions of the building.

The present invention relates to a two-storey building frame, formed by the assembly on site of prefabricated elements comprising posts, beams the ends of which are fixed to the posts and floor elements supported on beams.

This framework is presented in plan as a rectangular mesh canvas having: - a perimeter made of straight lines corresponding to alignments of beams called “external beams”, one or more straight lines located inside said perimeter, parallel to the one of the sides thereof and corresponding to one or more alignments of beams called "main beams", - one or more straight lines located inside said periphery, perpendicular to the main beams and corresponding to one or more alignments of said beams "Transverse beams". The posts are located at the intersections of said lines. The posts situated on the successive stages are arranged vertically from one another, the superposed posts being directly connected to one another. In the frame according to the invention, the posts located at the corners of said periphery consist of a steel section having a section substantially in the shape of an L, the opening of the L being directed towards the interior of the building, the wings of the profile being horizontally oriented along this periphery, the other posts located on said periphery each consist of an assembly formed by two steel profiles having a substantially L-shaped section, arranged in such a way that one wing of each profile is directed towards the interior of the building, these two wings being mutually parallel and spaced from one another, the other two wings of the profiles being located in the same plane and directed in diverging directions, the posts located inside said perimeter each consists of a set of four steel profiles having a cross section substantially L-shaped, arranged in such a way that the opening of each L is directed towards the outside of the post, each profile wing being parallel to a wing of a neighboring profile and spaced from it, each external beam, made of steel, is, by each of its ends, bolted against the wings of L-shaped profiles oriented along said periphery, of two posts situated on this periphery, each main beam and each transverse beam consists of a hollow steel profile with rectangular section and is, by each of its ends, bolted between a pair of wings of L-profiles parallel to each other, of the same post, these wings being spaced from each other by a distance substantially equal to the width of this beam, openings adapted to allow the passage of pipes are formed in at least some of the wings of the L-shaped sections which form the posts of the frame. Advantageously, the ends of the wings of the steel sections having a substantially L-shaped section have a right-angled rim directed towards the inside of the L. Preferably, the ends of these wings are doubly folded at an angle straight inward from L.

In posts consisting of a set of two or four L-shaped profiles, the profile wings which are parallel to each other are connected to each other, providing between them a spacing substantially equal to the width of the beam which is bolted between these wings. These profile wings (of the same post) which are parallel to one another can be joined together thanks to connecting and spacing pieces which can consist, for example, of two or more wooden blocks fixed by screwing between these wings. These connecting and spacing parts can in particular also consist of steel parts welded or bolted between these parallel wings. The L-shaped profiles which form the posts are provided, at each of their ends, with means capable of rigidly connecting together superposed posts. These means may in particular consist of attached parts fixed by welding and / or bolting to the ends of these profiles. For posts formed of two or four steel sections having an L-shaped section, said means capable of connecting superposed posts to each other advantageously comprise at each end of the post and between each pair of wings of parallel sections between them, a steel plate fixed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the post, between this pair of wings and pierced with at least one bolt hole, thus making it possible to connect, by bolting, stacked posts.

For posts made up of two or four steel sections having an L-shaped section, said means capable of interconnecting stacked posts, may comprise, at each end of the post and between each pair of wings of parallel sections between them, a connecting means formed of three steel plates connected together at a right angle thereby forming an assembly having the appearance of a stylized U, the two steel plates forming the vertical branches of the U being fixed to the wings of the profiles so that the steel plate which forms the horizontal branch of the U is arranged at the end of the post, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis thereof, this steel plate being pierced with at least a bolt hole, thus making it possible to connect, by bolting, stacked posts.

Outer beams made of steel may also consist of hollow profiled elements of rectangular section, but they may also each consist of a profiled element having a substantially stylized C-shaped section, comprising a substantially planar central section and two flanges with right angle directed on the same side of this central section. Advantageously, the external beams consist of profiled steel elements having a substantially stylized C-shaped section, comprising a substantially planar central panel whose two lateral edges are doubly folded at right angles to the same side of this central panel. . The components of the framework can be easily manufactured by well known industrial processes, such as cold profiling of large steel plates.

It should be noted that the main beams and / or the transverse beams may possibly be produced by assembling together (by welding and / or bolting) pairs of steel profiles having a cross section substantially in the form of

C stylized, so that a pair of C profiles forms a hollow steel profile with rectangular section.

Similarly, the L-shaped sections constituting the posts can optionally be manufactured by assembling by welding and / or bolting two elements which each form an L-profile wing.

In a frame according to the invention, the floor elements can be made of very diverse materials, in particular concrete, wood or steel.

The floor elements preferably bear, by two of their opposite sides, on the main beams and on the external beams parallel to the main beams.

Openings are preferably made in the floor elements, near at least some posts, in the angles formed by the wings of the L-profiles which form these posts, thus allowing the realization of vertical technical ducts passing from floor upstairs, in the corners formed by these wings.

Advantageously, an attached (removable) panel connects the ends of the wings of each L-shaped section to each other, in the corner of which such a vertical technical sheath is produced, thereby closing this technical sheath.

It is generally advantageous that the height of the main beams and of the external beams parallel to the main beams is greater than the height of the transverse beams.

The external beams parallel to the transverse beams can possibly have the same height as the transverse beams, but it can be advantageous that the outer beams parallel to the main beams are higher than the transverse beams.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the frame is equipped with a fire protection installation, comprising vertical water supply pipes extending over substantially the entire height of the frame and mounted near the L-shaped sections of the studs of the frame or of some of them, means for spraying the frame being connected to these vertical pipes.

Said vertical conduits are preferably located near the edge of said L-shaped profiles, on the side of their external angle. In the case of a post consisting of a set of four L-shaped sections, said vertical pipe is thus preferably preferably located substantially in the center of the post.

Said spraying means include in particular means capable of spraying the L-shaped profiles with water near which they are mounted. These spraying means are distributed over the height of the vertical pipe.

The spraying means also advantageously comprise means capable of spraying water with at least one face of the external beams and / or means capable of spraying water on the main beams and the transverse beams, at least on the inside. of these beams. Said spraying means may in particular consist of sprinklers connected directly to the vertical pipes.

The spraying means can also include small water pipes connected to the vertical pipes and penetrating into the main beams and the transverse beams. Sprinklers can then be connected to these small pipes.

The fire protection installation may include a set of thermal probes and a central control station which, depending on the signals received thermal probes, controls the operation of solenoid valves, so as to send water to some or all of the spraying means of the installation.

The present invention also relates to a multi-storey building which includes a framework as described above. The constituent elements of the framework according to the invention are not very diversified and easily manufactured by well known methods. They can also be easily stored and transported, and then mounted in place and assembled by low-skilled labor.

Thanks to the shape and the arrangement of the constituent elements of the framework, this framework can be easily equipped with a fire protection installation.

The framework according to the invention also allows simple and efficient installation of pipes in the building produced. This is achieved in particular by taking advantage of the spaces which exist between the wings of the L-shaped sections constituting the posts.

Vertical technical ducts can be produced in the corners of at least some of the L-shaped sections which form the posts. Thanks to the openings in the floor elements at the appropriate places near these L-shaped profiles, these vertical technical ducts can thus pass from floor to floor over the entire height of the building.

In columns made up of two or four L-shaped profiles, the ends of the beams (main or transverse) are bolted between the pairs of L-shaped profile wings which are parallel to each other. As a result, these parallel wings are spaced apart by a distance of the order of 10 cm. Thanks to openings in the appropriate places in the wings of the L-shaped sections, pipes can be passed from said vertical technical ducts to the spaces between the parallel wings of the posts. From these spaces between the parallel wings of the posts, the said pipes can pass through partitions mounted between the posts. These pipes can be electrical pipes or water supply or descent pipes. The many possibilities and facilities provided by the framework according to the invention, with regard to protection against fire and the installation of various pipes, will be better understood on reading the comments in the appended figures (see in particular Figures 21 to 25).

It will also be noted that, for the construction of the framework, the posts corresponding to a given level of the building can be assembled in place after the installation of the floor elements of this level, which clearly facilitates the work.

Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description given below, without implied limitation, of an exemplary embodiment, reference being made to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view with partial cutaway, of a building frame part according to the invention, viewed obliquely from above; Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the frame part shown in FIG. 1; Figs. 3 and 4 are views in vertical section, respectively along lines III-III and IV-IV of FIG. 2, showing, on an enlarged scale, details of the structure; Fig. 5 is a perspective view on a larger scale, with cutaway and exploded view, showing the ends of the beams and columns which can be assembled in a framework node located inside the building, these elements being viewed obliquely from above; Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are views similar to FIG. 5, showing the successive phases of the realization of the framework node; Figs. 1 1 and 12 are views similar to FIGS. 5 and 9 but show a framework node at the junction of two external beams, a transverse beam and two superimposed posts located along one of the sides of the building; Figs. 13 and 14 are views similar to FIGS. 11 and 12, but show a frame assembly node at the junction of two external beams, a main beam and two superimposed posts located along one of the sides of the building; Figs. 15 and 16 are views similar to FIGS. 13 and 14, but show a framework node at the junction of two external beams and two superimposed posts located at a corner of the building; Figs. 17 to 19 are detailed views, on a larger scale, illustrating the assembly of two superimposed posts; Fig. 20 is a view of the same framework node as that shown in FIG. 10, but shown obliquely below; in this Fig. 20 are shown, in addition, floating slab elements (shown with cutouts) resting on the floor elements; Fig. 21 is a section, along a horizontal plane, of a framework post located inside a building; this Fig. 21 shows in particular vertical technical sheaths formed in the corners of the post; Fig. 22 is a perspective view of a frame portion viewed obliquely from above; this Fig. 22 shows in particular a post located inside a building, this post being equipped with a fire protection installation as well as various pipes; Fig. 23 is a section along a horizontal plane of a post located inside the building, this post being equipped with a fire protection installation; Fig. 24 is a section along the line XXIV - XXIV of FIG. 23; Fig. 25 is a partial plan view, with interruptions, of a frame part, showing frame posts equipped with a fire protection installation.

The building frame 1 shown in Figs. 1 to 25 is made up of posts 2, 3, 4, main beams 5, external beams 6 parallel to the main beams 5, transverse beams 7 and external beams 8 parallel to the transverse beams 7. All of these posts and beams are steel elements prefabricated in the factory, which allows great precision in terms of their dimensions. The frame 1 also includes floor elements 9 in reinforced concrete, prefabricated in the factory.

The posts 2, located at the corners of the building consist of a steel section having a substantially L-shaped cross section at right angles. However, the ends of the wings of this profile are doubly folded at right angles, towards the interior of the L. The opening of the L is turned towards the interior of the building.

The other posts 3 located along the periphery of the building each consist of an assembly formed by two steel sections identical or similar to those which constitute the posts 2. These two sections are arranged in such a way that one wing of each section is directed towards the interior of the building, these two wings being parallel to each other and spaced from each other by a distance substantially equal to the width of the beam (5 or 7) which is fixed between these wings. The two other wings of the profiles are located in the same plane and directed in divergent directions. The two L-shaped profiles which together form a post 3 are kept at a distance from each other by means of two connection elements 10 fixed respectively to the two ends of a post 3. Each connection element 10 is formed of three small steel plates connected to each other at right angles (by welding), thus forming a whole that looks like a stylized U. The two steel plates 11 which form the vertical branches of the U are fixed, by bolting, to the wings of the profiles so that the steel plate 12 which forms the horizontal branch of the U is disposed at the end of the post 3, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis thereof. This steel plate 12 is pierced with at least one bolt hole 13 thus making it possible to connect, by bolting, posts 3 superimposed. It will be noted that the connection elements 10 serve both as a spacer and as a connection between the L-shaped profiles which form a post 3 and as a means making it possible to connect posts 3 superimposed to each other.

In addition to the connection elements 10, each post 3 can optionally be provided with one or more additional spacers (not shown) fixed between the wings parallel to each other by two L-shaped profiles. Such an additional spacer can, for example, be fixed to halfway up the post 3.

The posts 4 located inside the building each consist of an assembly formed by four steel sections identical or analogous to those which constitute the posts 2. These four sections are arranged so that the opening of each L is turned towards the outside of the post, each wing of each profile being parallel to a wing of a neighboring profile and spaced from it by a distance substantially equal to the width of the beam (5 or 7) which is fixed between these wings. The four sections are joined together in a similar manner to those of a post 3, connection elements 10 being fixed, by bolting, between each pair of parallel wings of the L sections, at each end of a post 4 As shown in Fig. 2, the framework 1 of the building shown in FIG. 1, appears in plan as a rectangular mesh canvas formed by three straight lines parallel to each other, cut perpendicularly by other straight lines parallel to each other. Posts 2, 3, 4 are located at the intersections of these lines. The main beams 5 and the external beams 6 parallel to the main beams 5 are arranged along said three parallel lines, the transverse beams 7 and the external beams 8 parallel to the transverse beams 7 being arranged along the lines perpendicular to these three lines. The main beams 5 and the transverse beams 7 are hollow steel sections having a rectangular cross section. The height of the main beams 5 is greater than that of the transverse beams 7. Each main beam 5 and each transverse beam 7 is, by each of its ends bolted between a pair of wings of L-profiles parallel to each other of a post 3 or a post 4.

The outer beams 6 and 8 are steel sections having a substantially stylized C-shaped section, comprising a substantially planar central section, the two lateral edges of which are doubly folded at right angles to the same side of this central section. The height of an external beam 6 arranged parallel to a main beam 5 is greater than that of an external beam 8 arranged parallel to a transverse beam 7. Each external beam (6 or 8) is bolted, by each of its ends , against wings oriented along the perimeter of the building, of two posts (2 or 3) located along this perimeter. To allow the assembly of the beams 5, 6, 7, 8 to the posts 2, 3, 4, all these prefabricated elements are provided with holes 14 for bolts, near their ends.

The reinforced concrete floor elements 9 are supported by two opposite edges on a main beam 5 and on an external beam 6 parallel to this main beam 5. They are juxtaposed so as to form a continuous slab. Openings 15 are made in the floor elements 9, near the posts 2, 3, 4, in the angles formed by the wings of the L-shaped sections which form these posts, thus allowing the realization of vertical technical ducts passing from floor to floor. floor, in the corners formed by these wings. Furthermore, openings 16 formed in the main beams 5 and in the transverse beams 7 allow the passage of certain horizontal pipes in the building. These horizontal pipes can possibly be hidden by false ceilings located substantially at the level of the underside of the transverse beams 7.

When mounting a frame 1, and after mounting the posts 2, 3, 4 corresponding to a level of the building, the connecting elements 10 fixed to the upper part of these posts 3, 4 are temporarily removed or possibly loosened, to allow the main beams 5 and the transverse beams 7 to be put in place, at the top of the posts 3, 4. After the bolting in place of the main beams 5 and the transverse beams 7, the connecting elements 10 are at new bolted in place at the top of the posts 3, 4 (or the bolting of the connection elements 10 is possibly tightened in case they have not been removed). The external beams 6, 8 can be bolted in place before or after the bolting in place of the connecting elements 10.

After bolting in place of all the beams 5, 6, 7, 8, floor elements 9 are laid in place.

After the floor elements 9 have been put in place, floating floors 17 can optionally be placed on the floors (see Fig. 1, 3, 4, 20). The manufacture and installation of these floating slabs 17 are advantageously carried out according to the technique described in EP-A-0 750 709. After the production of a floor, the posts 2, 3, 4 can then be put in place to the next level of the building, these posts 2, 3, 4 being fixed by bolting to the corresponding posts on which they rest.

The prefabricated steel elements (beams and columns) constituting the framework 1 can be manufactured with good precision as regards their dimensions.

To take account of certain tolerances concerning the dimensions, it may however be necessary to interpose a shim between the elements of connection 10 of certain stacked posts. These shims may in particular consist of steel plates with a thickness of 1 or 2 mm.

The ends of the L-shaped profiles which form the posts 2 are provided with inserts 18 which are fixed by welding and / or by bolting to these ends of the profiles (see Fig. 15 and 16).

With regard to the posts 3, the wings of the L-shaped sections which are located in the same plane are also provided, at each end of a post 3, with such an insert 18 (see FIGS. 13 and 14).

Holes for bolts 19 made in these inserts 18 allow the wings of the L-shaped sections of the superposed posts 2, 3 to be rigidly joined together.

Figs. 17 and 18 show the shape and the fixing of the connecting elements

10 at the ends of posts 4. FIG. 17 is a partial view, in horizontal section, of such a post 4. FIG. 18 is a section (on a smaller scale) along the line XVIII - XVIII of FIG. 17. Note that in Figs. 17 and 18, the vertical dishes

11 of the connecting elements 10 are bolted against the parallel wings of the L-shaped profiles, on the side of the space between these parallel wings.

Fig. 19 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 18 but illustrates a variant of attachment of the connecting element 10. It will be noted, in fact, that in FIG. 19, the vertical plates 11 of the connection elements 10 are bolted against the face of the wings of the L-shaped profiles which is opposite the space between the parallel wings.

Fig. 21 is a section, along a horizontal plane, of a post 4. In the corners formed by the wings of the L-shaped sections of this post 4, vertical technical sheaths are installed through which pipes 29, 30, 31 and 32 pass. Such a technical sheath can be closed by an attached panel (such as

21, 22, 23 or 24) which interconnects the wings of the L-shaped profile in the corner of which such a vertical technical sheath is produced. Note that, depending on the shape of the attached closure panel (21, 22, 23 or 24), the technical sheath has a more or less large section.

The production of building frames according to the invention offers many advantages and in particular the well-known advantages which are due to the ease of organization of what is commonly known as the "dry site". It will also be easily understood that with such a construction technique, the modification or enlargement of a building is greatly facilitated. It is also very advantageous to be able to easily dismantle and reuse the framework elements of the buildings that one wishes to dismantle. The frame 1 according to the invention, however, offers very particular advantages, because it can be easily equipped with a fire protection installation and that it also makes it possible to install, in a simple and effective manner, pipes in the completed building.

These features of the framework are illustrated in Figs. 21 to 25. Fig. 22 is a perspective view which shows in particular a post 4 located inside the building. The frame 1 is equipped with a fire protection installation, which has vertical water supply pipes 25 which extend over substantially the entire height of the frame 1. These vertical pipes 25 are located nearby of the edge of the L-shaped profiles which form the posts 2,3, 4, on the side of their external angle.

In the case of a post 4 consisting of a set of four L-shaped profiles (as shown in Figs. 21, 22, 25), said vertical pipe 25 is therefore located in the center of the post 4.

Fig. 25 shows the location of the vertical pipes 25 installed in or near the various posts 2, 3, 4 that comprises the framework 1.

Fig. 25 which is a plan view, with interruptions, also shows the front panels 26 of the building. The vertical pipes 25 are equipped with nozzles 27 (see Fig. 22, 23 and 24) capable of spraying the elements of the framework 1 near which they are mounted. These nozzles 27 are distributed over the height of the vertical conduits 25. Some of these nozzles 27 are directed towards the edge of the L-shaped profiles near which they are located. They can thus spray the posts 2, 3, 4 of the frame 1. Other nozzles 27 located at the beams 5, 6, 7, 8 are directed substantially in the direction of these beams (as shown by arrows in dotted, in Figs. 23 and 24) and can thus spray water inside the main beams 5 and transverse 7 and at least one face of the outer beams 6, 8. Figs. 23 and 24 show the position of the nozzles 27 connected to a vertical pipe 25 mounted in a post 4.

For the water spraying of the beams of the frame 1, horizontal pipes can optionally be connected to the vertical pipes 25. These horizontal pipes (not shown) then run along the external beams 6, 8 and penetrate into the main beams 5 and transverse 7. Sprinklers 27 can then be connected to these horizontal pipes.

It should be noted that the nozzles 27 may, in certain cases, consist of simple small holes formed in the water supply pipes.

The fire protection installation comprises a set of thermal probes (not shown) and a central control station which, according to signals received from the thermal probes, controls the operation of solenoid valves so as to send water to some or all of the means of spraying the fire protection installation. The operation of these solenoid valves can also be controlled manually. Figs. 21 and 22 also show that a frame 1 according to the invention makes it possible to install, in a simple and effective manner, pipes in the building produced. To this end, openings 28 adapted to allow the passage of pipes are formed in at least some of the wings of the L-shaped sections which form the posts of the frame. These openings 28 are advantageously formed in these L-shaped profiles, during the factory prefabrication of these elements. Figs. 21 and 22 show in particular that in the vertical technical sheaths formed in the corners of the L-shaped sections of a post 4, it is possible to pass very diverse pipes and in particular cables 29 (which may be electrical cables, telephone cables , television, etc.), water pipes 30 (which may be water distribution pipes, central heating pipes, waste water discharges, etc.), WC falls 31, air supply or exhaust ducts 32 (for air conditioning, hot air heating, range hoods, etc.).

Thanks to the openings 28 formed in the wings of the L-shaped profiles, pipes 29, 30 can, at the appropriate places, pass from a vertical technical sheath towards the space between two parallel wings of L-shaped profiles. From these spaces, these pipes 29, 30 can then pass through partitions 33 mounted between posts of the framework 1.

These pipes 29, 30 which are thus embedded in the partitions 33 can, depending on the case, be connected to electrical sockets, telephone sockets, sanitary appliances, etc.

Sleeves 34 also make it possible to communicate a duct 32 for supplying or discharging air mounted in the vertical technical duct formed in one of the L-shaped sections of the post 4, with the interior space of one or more of the ducts vertical techniques formed in the other L-shaped sections of the post 4. Thanks to the shape and arrangement of the constituent elements of the posts 3, 4 of the frame 1, and to the openings 28 made at the appropriate places in the wings of the L-shaped sections of these posts 3, 4 ,. the framework 1 according to the invention makes it possible to install a wide variety of pipes in the building and this in a manner simple and efficient. The vertical pipes are, in fact, enclosed in the vertical technical ducts and from these vertical technical ducts, horizontal pipes can, in an original way, be introduced into the partitions 33.

Claims

1.- Multi-storey frame structure, formed by assembling prefabricated elements on site comprising posts (2, 3, 4), beams (5, 6, 7, 8) whose ends are fixed to the posts ( 2, 3, 4), and floor elements (9) bearing on beams, this framework (1) being presented in plan like a rectangular mesh canvas having: a periphery made of straight lines corresponding to alignments of beams said "external beams" (6, 8), - one or more straight lines located inside said periphery, parallel to one of the sides thereof and corresponding to one or more alignments of beams called "main beams" (5), one or more straight lines located inside said periphery, perpendicular to those of the main beams (5) and corresponding to one or more alignments of beams called "transverse beams" (7), the posts (2, 3 , 4), located on the succe floors ssifs and located at the intersections of said lines, being arranged vertically from one another, the superposed posts (2, 3, 4) being directly connected together, characterized in that - the posts (2) located at the corners of said periphery consist in a steel section having a substantially L-shaped section, the opening of the L being directed towards the interior of the building, the wings of the section being horizontally oriented along this periphery, the other posts (3) located on said perimeter each consisting of a set of two steel profiles having a substantially L-shaped section, arranged in such a way that one wing of each profile is directed towards the interior of the building, these two wings being parallel to each other and spaced from each other, the two other wings of the profiles being located in the same plane and directed in divergent directions, the posts (4) located inside said periphery each consisting of a set of four steel profiles having a section in substance in

5 L-shaped, arranged in such a way that the opening of each L is directed towards the outside of the post, each profile wing being parallel to a wing of a neighboring profile and spaced from it, each external beam (6 , 8), made of steel, being by each of its ends, bolted against the wings of L-shaped profiles oriented along said circumference, of two posts (2, 3) located on this circumference, each main beam (5) and each transverse beam (7), consisting of a hollow steel profile with rectangular section, being, by each of its ends, bolted between a pair of L-profile wings parallel to one another, of the same post (3, 4 ), these wings being spaced from each other by a distance substantially equal to the width of this beam (5, 7), openings (28) adapted to allow the passage of pipes (29, 30) being formed in at least some of the wings of the L-shaped sections which form the posts (3, 4) of the backbone.

2.- Frame according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the wings of the steel sections having a substantially L-shaped section, have a flange at right angles directed towards the interior of the L.

3. A framework according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the wings of the steel sections having a substantially L-shaped section are doubly folded at right angles towards the interior of the L.

4.- Frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the posts (3, 4) consisting of a set of two or four L-shaped profiles, the profile wings which are parallel to each other are connected to each other, providing between them a spacing substantially equal to the width of the beam (5, 7) which is bolted between these wings.

5. Framework according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said L-shaped profiles are provided, at each of their ends, with means (10, 18) capable of rigidly connecting posts (2, 3, 4) superimposed.

6. A framework according to claim 5, characterized in that, for the posts (3, 4) formed of two or four steel sections having a substantially L-shaped section, said means capable of connecting together superimposed posts (3, 4), comprise, at each end of the post (3, 4) and between each pair of profile wings parallel to each other, a steel plate (12) fixed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the post (3, 4), between this pair of wings and pierced with at least one hole (13) for bolt, thus making it possible to connect, by bolting, posts (3, 4) superimposed.

7. Framework according to claim 5, characterized in that, for the posts (3, 4) formed of two or four steel sections having a substantially L-shaped section, said means capable of connecting together posts (3, 4) superimposed, comprise, at each end of post (3, 4) and between each pair of wings of profiles parallel to each other, a connecting means (10) formed of three steel plates connected to each other at right angles, thus forming an assembly having the appearance of a stylized U, the two steel plates (11) forming the vertical branches of the U being fixed to the wings of the profiles so that the steel plate (12 ) which forms the branch horizontal of the U is disposed at, the end of the post (3, 4), perpendicular to the longitudinal axis thereof, this steel plate (12) being pierced with at least one hole (13) for bolt , thus making it possible to connect, by bolting, superimposed posts (3, 4).

8.- Frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said external beams (6, 8) consist of profiled elements having a substantially C-shaped section stylized, comprising a substantially flat central pan and two ledges at right angles to the same side of this central section.

9. A framework according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said external beams (6, 8) consist of profiled elements having a substantially C-shaped section stylized, comprising a substantially flat central pan the two lateral edges of which are doubly folded at right angles to the same side of this central section.

10.- Frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the floor elements (9) bear on the "main" beams (5) and on the external beams (6) parallel to the main beams (5).

11.- Frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that openings (15) are formed in the floor elements (9), near at least some posts (2, 3, 4), in the angles formed by the wings of the L-shaped profiles which form these posts (2, 3, 4), thus allow the realization of vertical technical sheaths passing from floor to floor, in the corners formed by these wings.

12.- Frame according to claim 1 1, characterized in that an attached panel (21, 22, 23, 24) connects between them the ends of the wings of each L-shaped profile in the corner of which is made such a technical sheath vertical, thus closing this technical sheath.

13.- Frame according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the height of the main beams (5) and of the external beams (6) parallel to the main beams (5) is greater than the height of the transverse beams (7 ).

14.- Framework according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with a fire protection installation, comprising vertical pipes (25) for supplying water extending over substantially all the height of the frame (1) and mounted near the L-shaped sections of the posts (2, 3, 4) of the frame or some of them, means for spraying the frame (1) being connected to these vertical pipes (25).

15.- Frame according to claim 14, characterized in that said vertical pipes (25) are located near the edge of said L-shaped profiles, on the side of their external angle.

16.- Frame according to any one of claims 14 and 15, characterized in that said spraying means comprise means (27) capable of spraying water the L-shaped profiles near which they are mounted.

17. A framework according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that said spraying means comprise means (27) capable of spraying water with at least one face of the external beams (6, 8).

18. A framework according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that said spraying means comprise means (27) capable of spraying water on the main beams (5) and the transverse beams (7), at least inside these beams (5, 7).

19.- Frame according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that said spraying means comprise nozzles (27).

20.- Multi-storey building, characterized in that it comprises a framework (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.