WO2001047182A2 - Surveillance et affichage de ressources dans un systeme de communication - Google Patents

Surveillance et affichage de ressources dans un systeme de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001047182A2
WO2001047182A2 PCT/SE2000/002557 SE0002557W WO0147182A2 WO 2001047182 A2 WO2001047182 A2 WO 2001047182A2 SE 0002557 W SE0002557 W SE 0002557W WO 0147182 A2 WO0147182 A2 WO 0147182A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connection
resources
resource
node
network
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2000/002557
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2001047182A3 (fr
Inventor
Kurt-Erik Eriksson
Lars Andersson
Susanne Falk
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority to EP00989095A priority Critical patent/EP1240749A2/fr
Priority to AU25642/01A priority patent/AU2564201A/en
Publication of WO2001047182A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001047182A2/fr
Publication of WO2001047182A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001047182A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
    • H04L43/0882—Utilisation of link capacity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/10—Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route
    • H04L43/106—Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route using time related information in packets, e.g. by adding timestamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to the field of communications systems, and in particular, by way of example but not limitation, to continuous resource tracing in a wireless communications system with contemporaneous or subsequent display of the tracked resources.
  • Access to wireless networks is becoming increasingly popular for business, social, and recreational purposes. Users of wireless networks now rely on them for both voice and data communication. Additionally, such users demand an ever increasing array of services and capabilities, as well as ever improving quality of service (QoS). To meet such demands, network operators and network vendors constantly strive to create and implement a more diverse variety of features, many of which consume increasingly greater amounts of bandwidth. Designing, installing, and testing the infrastructure necessary to provide these new services and capabilities is an expensive and time-consuming undertaking.
  • systens provide only a minimal call tracing capability.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • BSC Base Station Controller
  • the picture is only a static snapshot of the allocated resources at a particular moment.
  • the picture provided by the CPT function only reflects the resources in the BSC, but not those of the Base Transceiver Station (BTS).
  • An object of certain embodiment(s) of the present invention is to provide a view of resource changes down to the level of individual hardware and software elements.
  • the view of resource changes may correspond to, for example, instances of call setups, times when a device is blocked, mobile terminals (MTs) that are moving around within a wireless network, etc.
  • Another object of certain embodiment(s) of the present invention is to enable viewing of dynamic allocation and deallocation of resources for a connection path through multiple traffic nodes.
  • resources utilized during a connection may be continuously detected during all or a portion of the lifetime of the connection.
  • resource tracking trigger mechanisms are activated in all involved nodes.
  • the resource tracking trigger mechanisms dynamically detect changes (e.g., additions, deletions, exchanges/substitutions) in the resources that are utilized in each node during the connection.
  • the tracked resource changes may be recorded (e.g., stored, transmitted, compiled, etc.).
  • the resource tracking may continue until the connection is terminated or a command is received that terminates the tracking.
  • continuous/dynamic connection tracing i.e., connection "tracking" enables detected resource changes to be organized into a data structure that facilitates display of the tracking results.
  • connection resource tracking results may be presented graphically to aid in the analysis of a connection or in the diagnosis of the network.
  • the connection resource tracking results may be displayed as a chronological, icon-based graphical display; a tree-like, nodal-based graphical display that may be expanded or collapsed in order to focus the display on the connection portion of interest; etc.
  • An important technical advantage of the present invention is that it enables dynamic call tracing of resources during a connection.
  • Another important technical advantage of the present invention is that it provides for the recording of various resources utilized during a connection as the resources change.
  • Yet another important technical advantage of the present invention is the ability to improve analysis of the connection path by graphically displaying the results of the tracking. Yet another important technical advantage of the present invention is the ability to optimally pinpoint faulty device equipment when field testing new user equipment.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates an exemplary multi-network environment in which the present invention may be advantageously practiced
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates an exemplary wireless network system with which the present invention may be advantageously practiced
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates an exemplary network node in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 4A illustrates an exemplary message format having a tracking trigger block in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURES 4B and 4C illustrate exemplary resource tracking data structures in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 5 illustrates an exemplary method in flowchart form for resource tracking in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 6A illustrates an exemplary graphical display of a resource tracking result in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 6B illustrates another exemplary graphical display of a resource tracking result in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 6C illustrates yet another exemplary graphical display of a resource tracking result in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURES 1 -6B of the drawings like numerals being used for like and corresponding parts of the various drawings.
  • a wireless network system of the multi-network environment 100 includes several exemplary components. These components include radio base stations (RBSs) 1 15(X,Y,Z), which may be in wireless communication with MTs 120, and radio network controllers (RNCs) 110(1,2).
  • the wireless network system also includes a representation of the core network (CN) 105.
  • the wireless network system may also incorporate a satellite-based component 125.
  • a continuous/dynamic tracing (or a "tracking" herein) of resources utilized for a connection may be provided (e.g., displayed) to a network operator or vendor.
  • the CN 105 may be in communication with other networks (e.g., that maybe either separate networks and/or a (possibly overlaid) control network).
  • the exemplary networks illustrated in the multi-network environment 100 include an intelligent network (IN) (e.g., a Signaling System 7 (SS7) network) 130, the Internet 135, a generic network 145, an Integrated
  • ISDN Services Digital Network
  • the wireless network 200 may correspond to, for example, the wireless network illustrated as part of the multi -network environment 100 (of FIGURE 1 ).
  • the wireless network 200 may operate in accordance with any of many exemplary wireless network standards, such as the Personal Digital Cellular System (PDC) of Japan (RCR STD-27F) (formerly called the Japanese Digital Cellular System (JDQ), the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), the Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System (D-AMPS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)-based systems, etc.
  • PDC Personal Digital Cellular System
  • RCR STD-27F originally called the Japanese Digital Cellular System (JDQ)
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • D-AMPS Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • An MT 120(B) may establish a connection towards more than one RBS 115(X,Y,Z) and/or also towards more than one sector of the same RBS 115(X,Y,Z) simultaneously.
  • the resource picture changes accordingly.
  • the resource picture also changes, for example, when the MT 120(B) requests a change in the QoS for an existing connection.
  • the more dynamic resource allocation in WCDMA systems complicate the resource picture and thereby make it more difficult to understand.
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telephone Service
  • the present invention meets this need by providing a view of continuous changes in the resource picture.
  • certain embodiments of the present invention cause the allocated resources of the RBSs 115(X,Y,Z) and the RNCs 110(1,2), for example, to be mirrored in a dynamically changed picture.
  • the wireless network 200 is illustrated with three MTs 120(A,B,C), although many more MTs may be present in the wireless network 200.
  • the MT 120(A) may be in wireless communication with the RBS
  • the CN 105 is also illustrated with a general node 205, which may be part of a signaling and control network, for example.
  • a control and management center (CMC) 210 is also illustrated as being connected to, or part of, the CN 105.
  • a terminal with a display 215 is connected to, or part of, the CMC 210.
  • resources for a connection between the MT 120(B) and the MT 120(C) e.g., through the RBS 115(X), the RNC 110(1), possibly one or more nodes 205 in the CN 105, the
  • RNC 110(2), and the RBS 115(Z)) may be tracked and reported to a network operator or vendor (e.g., at the CMC 210 via the terminal and display 215).
  • the present invention further enables an operator/vendor to acquire a presentation of allocated resources in multiple traffic nodes for a specific call.
  • a call in this context, may be considered as a number of connections between an MT 120 and the CN 105.
  • a connection in this context, may be considered a signaling or logical connection between an MT 120 and a node 205 of the CN 105, the connection providing a specified service between the two access points.
  • the exemplary network node 300 may correspond to, for example, the RNC 110, the RBS 115, the general (CN) node 205, the CMC 210, etc.
  • a communications port 305 e.g., an antenna for a wireless link, a network adapter device for a wireline link, etc.
  • signal handler 310 e.g, a transceiver (TRX)
  • the signal handler 310 may forward the signals to a data extractor 315 (e.g., filters, demodulators, etc.) for further (e.g., baseband) processing.
  • the signal handler 310 and the data extractor 315 may be connected to a bus 320, which interconnects various elements of the network node 300.
  • a controller 325, a processing unit 330, and a memory 335, for example, may also be connected to the bus 320.
  • two separate processors e.g., a controller 325 and a processing unit 330
  • processors e.g., one, two, three, or more processors
  • These exemplary aspects of the network node 300 maybe interconnected and interrelated in manners known to those of ordinary skill in the art to accomplish standard tasks assigned to respective types of network nodes.
  • the one or more logic modules 340 may also be part of the network node 300.
  • the one or more logic modules 340 may be designed, programmed, etc. to effectuate the principles of the present invention.
  • the one or more logic modules 340 may be software residing in the memory 335 (or another memory (not shown)) that may program the processing unit 330 to implement the principles of the present invention.
  • the one or more logic modules 340 may be hardware realized in the controller 325 (e.g., an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)) that implements the principles of the present invention.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • Other hardware, software, firmware, some combination thereof, etc. realization(s) of the one or more logic modules 340 are also alternatives within the scope of the present invention for controlling/effectuating the functions and/or operations of the network node 300, including those corresponding to the principles of the present invention.
  • the one or more logic modules 340 may also represent one or more other resources 345.
  • the other resources 345 may alternatively be a physical device, such as a transceiver; a radio frequency (RF) transmission channel, such as a traffic channel assignable to an MT 120; an Internet Protocol (IP) address from an IP address pool, etc.
  • the other resources 345 may be connected to the bus 320.
  • RNC Packet Data Router
  • CC Common Channel
  • RRC Regional Radio Connection
  • RAB Radio Access Bearer
  • the connection tracking may be activated by command.
  • a trigger mechanism in the RNC where the call is expected to be set up is activated by command.
  • the trigger mechanism(s) for the same MT may also be activated for the RBS node(s) involved in the connection.
  • a modified MT or a specially configured test MT may include a tracking trigger in a call set-up message.
  • the message format 400 includes a destination address block 405 (e.g., an address of a network node), a resource tracking trigger block 410 in accordance with the present invention, a general block 415 (e.g., representing additional elements of the message), and an information block 420 (e.g., containing control or voice data or other type(s) of message payload).
  • the message format 400, including the resource tracking trigger block 410 may be sent, for example, from the CMC 210 to the RNC that initially receives a command to activate the resource tracking.
  • the resource tracking trigger block 410 may include various information related to the resource tracking, such as an identification of the connection to be tracked, a nodal address to which tracked resource information is to be sent, etc.
  • a trigger mechanism in the RNC or any involved RBS node(s) detects that a resource for the specified MT and connection is being or has been allocated or deallocated, the resource change information is transferred to a function that sorts the information into an appropriate data structure (e.g., a queue). As long as the function is active, detected resource changes are transferred to the function.
  • the function may be, for example, a software application
  • a recording functionality is therefore introduced into the network for tracking resource changes.
  • the sorting scheme is established in such a manner so that every specific connection path for a call, through all involved traffic nodes, can be easily extracted for (e.g., graphical) presentation.
  • the detected resource changes may be amalgamated and/or organized in many ways.
  • each individual node involved in a resource-tracked connection can record resource changes into its own memory and transmit (e.g., using the message format 400) the entire data structure of resource changes after the connection or tracking is terminated. Transmitting the entire set of resource at once minimizes signaling load on the network.
  • each individual node involved in a resource-tracked connection can transmit (e.g., using the message format 400) each resource change to a "controlling" node (e.g., the RNC first receiving or sending a tracking activation command, the CMC 210, etc.) as the resource change is detected.
  • a "controlling" node e.g., the RNC first receiving or sending a tracking activation command, the CMC 210, etc.
  • the exemplary resource tracking data structures 430 and 460 may include a connection identifier 435, which includes information that identifies the connection (e.g., the involved MT, the call time, etc.).
  • the exemplary resource tracking data structures 430 and 460 may also include additional information relating to the (e.g., call) connection, such as a notation when a connection extends beyond the CN 105 and into an auxiliary network (e.g., the IN 130, the Internet 135, generic network 145, the ISDN 140, etc.).
  • the resource tracking data structure 430 differs from the resource tracking data structure 460 in terms of storage organization of the resources tracked. For example, the tracked resources 445 (of FIGURE 4B) are stored chronologically as each resource is allocated and/or deallocated, regardless of the location of the resource. Each resource entry therefore includes a corresponding nodal identifier.
  • Each network node grouping 465 includes entries (e.g., listed chronologically) that correspond to tracked resources.
  • entries e.g., listed chronologically
  • an allocation/deallocation exchange of resources may be stored, for example, as either a single entry or a pair of entries.
  • each resource entry includes a time stamp to facilitate the ultimate display of the tracked resources in a manner designed to aid network analysis. For example, a network operator or vendor can elect to see all the resources being utilized at a particular instant of time.
  • FIGURE 5 an exemplary method in flowchart form for resource tracking in accordance with the present invention is illustrated generally at 500.
  • the exemplary flowchart 500 is now described with additional reference to
  • FIGURE 2 in order to further illuminate the exemplary method with an exemplary call connection event.
  • Flowchart 500 begins when a connection is initiated (step 505).
  • the MT 120(B) may initiate a connection to the CN 105 via the RNC 110(1) and the RBS 115(X).
  • the resource tracking trigger mechanisms in the involved nodes are activated/engaged for the initiated connection (step 510).
  • the activation may be instituted, for example, via a command (e.g., using the message format 400) sent to the RNC 110(1) from the terminal and display 215 of the CMC 210 or directly in the RNC 110(1) responsive to detection of a preselected MT identification associated with a connection.
  • a command e.g., using the message format 400
  • the trigger mechanisms e.g., which may be logic module(s) of the one or more logic modules 340
  • the resources may be recorded in data structures equivalent or similar to the resource tracking data structures 430 and 460.
  • the triggering mechanisms detect allocation and/or deallocation changes in the resource picture (step 520). If a resource change is detected (at step 520), then the change is recorded (step 515). If, on the other hand, a resource change is not detected (at step 520), then it is determined whether the connection is terminated (step 525). If the connection is terminated (at step 525), then the tracking results are reported (step 530). If, on the other hand, the connection is not terminated (at step 525), then it is determined whether the tracking has been terminated (step 535). The tracking may be terminated by a command (e.g., issued by the relevant network vendor or operator) or by a predetermined condition.
  • a command e.g., issued by the relevant network vendor or operator
  • step 535 the triggering mechanism(s) can again attempt to detect a resource change (step 520).
  • steps 520, 525, and 535 for example, may occur essentially simultaneously, instead of in the exemplary order presented in flowchart 500.
  • the tracking results may be reported (step 530).
  • the tracking results may be reported, for example, by sending any recorded resources (e.g., the data structures 430, 460 or any remaining portions thereof) to the CMC 210.
  • the tracking results may thereafter be presented for analysis using the terminal and display 215. It should be noted that other manners and locations may alternatively be selected for the reporting and the display of the tracking results.
  • the network operator or vendor responsible for the resource tracking may request to view the changes of the resource picture that have been stored in a queue (or other data structure) one after the other in a forward or backward direction.
  • the dynamic changes of the resources may be represented on the terminal and display 215.
  • a play functionality of the resource tracking is thus introduced into the network system.
  • the dynamic resource presentation may be presented in a multitude of formats. These formats include a chronological, icon-based graphical display; a tree- like, nodal-based graphical display; a listing in tabular form (e.g., similar to the illustrated representations of the data structures 430 and 460 of FIGURES 6B and 6C); etc.
  • the graphical display 600 is a chronological, icon-based graphical display that shows an example of how resource allocation and deallocation dynamically changes during the lifetime of a connection. Time elapses from the top of the graph to the bottom. A new connection path and resource diagram is displayed each time the resource picture changes.
  • the specifics of the graphical display 600 reflect the exemplary call connection event described above with reference to FIGURE 5. In other words, a connection between the MT 120(B) and the RNC 110(1) is established through the RBS 115(X) in the first graph.
  • a resource is removed/deleted from the connection path in the RNC 110(1), and a resource exchange occurs along the connection path in the RBS 115(X).
  • a resource is added to the connection path through the RNC 110(1 ), and a new resource picture is presented for the connection path through the RBS 115(Y) (e.g., after a handover).
  • the display may also include a precise indication of the actual resource (name, number, or other designation) on the icon for each resource. Alternatively, such a precise indication may be displayed after a graphical user interface (GUI) pointer (e.g., an arrow) is moved over or actually clicks on the icon for a particular resource.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • FIGURE 6B another exemplary graphical display of a resource tracking result in accordance with the present invention is illustrated generally at 650(1) and 650(2).
  • These graphical tree views are sorted per connection through involved nodes.
  • the network operator or vendor may expand or collapse such views to focus on the information that is most useful for a given task or at a given moment.
  • the specifics of the graphical displays 650(1) and 650(2) also reflect the exemplary call connection event described above with reference to FIGURE 5.
  • the graphical display 650(1) is a detailed diagram that shows all the resources used during the entire connection, which is divided into three graphs in the graphical display 600 (of FIGURE 6A).
  • the 'Rsrc A' of 'RBS(x)' is not necessarily identical to the 'Rsrc A' of 'RBS(y)'. It should be understood that the resources may be further subdivided into resources of resources, as appropriate.
  • the graphical display 650(2) is a higher-level diagram that shows the nodes used during the entire connection, without "confusing” or “cluttering” the display with lower-level details.
  • this collapsibility and expandibility enhances a vendor's or operator's ability to diagnose a call connection event.
  • Also shown on graphical displays 650(1) and 650(2) are possible connections to the Internet and to the RNC 110(2) (not included as part of the example described above with reference to FIGURE 5). If the connection from the MT 120(B) were to extend beyond the CN 105 into other auxiliary networks or to other RNCs, for example, the graphical displays 650(1) and 650(2) (and 650) can display such a progression of the connection.
  • FIGURE 6C yet another exemplary graphical display of a resource tracking result in accordance with the present invention is illustrated generally at 660.
  • These graphical tree views are sorted per connection through involved nodes.
  • the network operator or vendor may expand or collapse such views (e.g., using the box with a horizontal line in the center) to focus on the information that is most useful for a given task or at a given moment.
  • the exemplary preferred treelike, nodal-based graphical display 660 illustrates both a circuit-switched connection 665 and a packet-switched connection 670 that are routed through a CN1 and a CN2, respectively.
  • connection 665 and 670 is also routed through the "Stockholm” RNC and the "Kista” RBS, albeit via different cells.
  • the graphical display 660 in addition to providing a picture of the nodes through which the connections traverse, provides indications of the resources utilized in such connections. For example, the signaling connection 675 utilizes “RRC 2", and the traffic connection 680 utilizes the "PDR 3", the "RRC 1", and the "CC 2".
  • the presentation of allocated and deallocated resources may be filtered a number of ways. For example, a network vendor or operator may request that only certain resources that fit a particular criterion or criteria be displayed. The criterion/criteria may be requested to be Radio Network resources only, Transport Network resources only, resources allocated for a specific Packet Data
  • Embodiment(s) of the present invention therefore enable network operators and vendors to review the dynamic behavior of resource allocation/deallocation during the lifetime of a connection. Operators and vendors can therefore verify that the intended devices are allocated and deallocated as expected in different traffic situations, especially during the setup and release of a call.
  • the present invention provides significant improvements over conventional systems when detecting faulty device equipment or testing new user equipment, especially in field environments. New user equipment, such as new MTs with new characteristics and features, will have an influence on resource allocation and deallocation in traffic nodes.
  • the present invention ameliorates testing difficulties associated with rolling out such new characteristics and features, especially when introducing a new system such as UMTS. Consequently, the present invention not only reduces the difficulty in testing new or changed hardware and software during system integration and verification, but it also reduces the time required for doing so.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé, un système et un appareil permettent à un opérateur de réseau ou un vendeur de suivre (c.-à-d. de surveiller) les ressources utilisées par une connexion durant toute la période de connexion ou seulement une partie. Lorsqu'une connexion d'appel est établie, chaque noeud participant à la connexion détecte les ressources y participant à l'intérieur de la voie de connexion. En outre, si la connexion existe encore, les noeuds peuvent continuer à détecter les changements de ressources (c.-à-d. les ajouts, les suppressions et les échanges) afin de les enregistrer, par exemple, pendant toute la durée de la connexion. Pendant ou après la connexion, les ressources utilisées détectées peuvent être envoyées à un centre de commande et/ou de gestion pour affichage et analyse. Les résultats du suivi des ressources de connexion peuvent être affichés de plusieurs façons, par exemple, selon des principes d'affichage graphique chronologique basé sur des icônes; un affichage graphique basé sur les noeuds et suivant un arbre peut être élargi ou réduit pour focaliser l'affichage sur la partie connexion d'intérêt, etc.
PCT/SE2000/002557 1999-12-21 2000-12-15 Surveillance et affichage de ressources dans un systeme de communication WO2001047182A2 (fr)

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EP00989095A EP1240749A2 (fr) 1999-12-21 2000-12-15 Surveillance et affichage de ressources dans un systeme de communication
AU25642/01A AU2564201A (en) 1999-12-21 2000-12-15 Resource tracking and display in a communications system

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US46818299A 1999-12-21 1999-12-21
US09/468,182 1999-12-21

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EP2673974A1 (fr) * 2011-02-13 2013-12-18 Ascom Network Testing Inc. Système et procédé pour déterminer les effets d'éléments n'appartenant pas au réseau sur l'utilisation des ressources réseau dans un réseau mobile
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US10031915B2 (en) 2015-06-15 2018-07-24 International Business Machines Corporation Identifying and displaying related content

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