US3560896A - Inner conductor support for shielded microwave strip lines - Google Patents

Inner conductor support for shielded microwave strip lines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3560896A
US3560896A US743116A US3560896DA US3560896A US 3560896 A US3560896 A US 3560896A US 743116 A US743116 A US 743116A US 3560896D A US3560896D A US 3560896DA US 3560896 A US3560896 A US 3560896A
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inner conductor
dielectric
screw
supporting means
conductor
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US743116A
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Roland Essinger
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Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH
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Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
    • H01P3/08—Microstrips; Strip lines
    • H01P3/085—Triplate lines

Definitions

  • a shield microwave strip line having an inner conductor between two outer conductors.
  • the inner conductor is maintained in a fixed, spaced relationship with respect to the outer conductors by a supporting means which connects such inner conductor to one of the outer conductors.
  • the supporting means is in the form of a dielectric screw which is inserted through an opening provided in the inner conductor and a dielectric spacer sleeve provided between the inner and the one outer conductor.
  • a metallic lock nut is also provided which fastens the screw in place. The screw is formed to occupy only that portion of the inner conductor opening necessary for compensating the transverse conductance of the supporting means over a wide microwave frequency band.
  • the present invention relates to shielded microwave strip lines and more particularly to an improved supporting means for the inner conductor of such strip lines.
  • a typical shielded microwave strip line includes an inner conductor which is provided between two outer conductors.
  • the inner conductor is maintained at a predetermined distance or spacing from the two outer conductors.
  • the inner conductor is usually provided with a rectangular cross section of particular dimensions.
  • the only dielectric provided in the space between the inner conductor and each outer conductor is air. Therefore, it is necessary, in order to maintain the prescribed impedance characteristics of the arrangement, to provide supporting means between the inner conductor and at least one of the outer conductors, thus to maintain such conductors at a prescribed distance with respect to each other.
  • such supporting means be provided between the inner conductor and only one outer conductor, inasmuch as the distance of the second outer conductor from the inner conductor is virtually kept constant by providing external mountingsor supports for the second outer conductor.
  • this object is accomplished by providing a supporting means which is constructed in the form of a dielectric screw-type connection.
  • a connection includes a dielectric screw which connectingly extends between the inner conductor and one of the outer conductors and passes through an opening provided in such inner conductor and a dielectric spacer sleeve provided between such inner conductor and one ice outer conductor.
  • a metallic lock nut is also provided on the outer surface of the one outer conductor, which fastens the dielectric screw in position.
  • the dielectric screw is formed with respect to the inner conductor opening so that it occupies only such portion of the opening necessary for compensating the transverse conductances of the screw connection over a wide microwave frequency band.
  • FIG. 1 is a transverse view of a typical shielded microwave strip line showing a cross section theerof.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view cross section of the shielded microwave strip line of FIG. 1 showing a supporting means, according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 show therein is an inner conductor 5 which is guided, that is, provided between two outer conductors 6 and 7.
  • the inner conductor 5 is provided at a predetermined position with respect to the two outer conductors and 6 and 7.
  • a predetermined distance or spacing, h is provided between the lower surface of the inner conductor 5 and the inner surface of the outer conductor 6.
  • the distance, H provided between the two outer conductors, 6 and 7 respectively, is also predetermined.
  • the inner conductor 5 preferably, has a rectangular or oblong cross section of a width, b, and a thickness, t.
  • the dielectric provided between the above-mentioned inner and outer conductors is simply air so that it is necessary, in order to maintain the prescribed impedance characteristics of the arrangement, to provide a supporting means at certain intervals along the length of the strip line whereby the position of the inner conductor is maintained constant with respect to the outer conductors.
  • each screw connection includes a dielectric screw 3 having a head portion 10 and a shaft diameter of D a dielectric spacer sleeve 1, a dielectric sleeve 2 and a metallic nut 8.
  • the inner conductor 5 includes a recess or opening 4 which is aligned with a corresponding recess or opening 9 in the outer conductor 6.
  • the dielectric spacer sleeve 1 is disposed between inner conductor 5 and outer conductor 6.
  • the dielectric screw 3 is inserted through the dielectric sleeve 2, opening 4, dielectric sleeve 1 and the opening 9.
  • the parts 1, 2 and 3 may be formed of commonly known dielectric materials such as polystyrene, polytetrafluor ethylene, polyvinyl carbazole, polymethacrylate or ceramics with low distortions and a small dielectric constant.
  • the metallic nut 8 is then fastened on that portion of dielectric screw 3 which extends beyond the outer surface of outer conductor 6. This arrangement allows the dielectric sleeve 2 to be pressed against the inner conductor 5 and into opening 4 and the dielectric screw 3 itself, to be fixed in position.
  • the dielectric sleeve 2 includes two rims of different diameters.
  • the rim of greater diameter, depicted as D corresponds to the diameter of the dielectric sleeve 1, which is preferably equal to the width, b, of the inner conductor 5. This assures a good mechanical compression between the parts of the supporting means.
  • the rim of smaller diameter, depicted as D occupies the opening 4 and is, preferably, equal to about 80 to 90% of the width, b, of inner conductor 5.
  • the rim of greater diameter, D is supported on the surface of the inner conductor 5, while the other rim of the sleeve 2, together with dielectric screw 3, partially occupies the opening 4 in the inner conductor 5.
  • the size of the opening 4 is determined by the amount of interference which must be compensated for by the transverse conductance of the supporting means, which is essentially capacitive.
  • the transverse conductance of the supporting means is compensated over a wide microwave frequency band by the essentially inductive longitudinal conductance of the opening 4.
  • the dielectric materials of the parts 1, 2 and 3 result in a capacitive loading of the strip line, that is to say, an unwanted transverse conductance.
  • the opening 4 essentially acts as a serial inductance.
  • the dimension of opening 4 is appropriately chosen in such-a manner as to obtain compensation of the transverse conductance in a wide frequency band.
  • the effective amount of the opening also depends on the parts 2 and 3.
  • the head 10 of the dielectric screw 3 and the dielectric sleeve 2 are combined into an integrated head unit.
  • the dielectric sleeve 2 is part of dielectric screw 3.
  • the following illustration refers to a shielded microwave strip line having an impedance characteristic of 60 ohms.
  • the dimensions of the strip line and supporting means therefore are as follows:
  • a dielectric sleeve 2 which has a smaller rim extending 1.4 mm. into the opening 4 of the inner conductor 5 and a'greater rim which extends about 1 mm. above the upper surface of the inner conductor 5.
  • a supporting means arrangement having such dimensions results in a transverse conductance interference factor of less than 1% in the microwave frequency range of up to 2.5 gHz.
  • An arrangement for supporting the inner conductor of a shielded microwave strip line comprising, in combination:
  • said one outer conductor having an opening provided therein and said screw being inserted therein with a portion of the screw extending beyond the outer surface of said outer conductor;
  • said supporting means includes a dielectric sleeve which partially occupies the inner conductor opening; said screw extending through said sleeve to hold it in position and said sleeve including at least a rim portion which is supported by the surface of said inner conductor adjacent to the inner conductor opening.
  • said inner conductor has an oblong cross section two sides of which are longer than the two other sides.

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  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)

Abstract


A SHIELD MICROWAVE STRIP LINE HAVING AN INNER CONDUCTOR BETWEEN TWO OUTER CONDUCTORS. THE INNER CONDUCTOR IS MAINTAINED IN A FIXED, SPACED RELATIONSHIP WITH RESPECT TO THE OUTER CONDUCTORS BY A SUPPORTING MEANS WHICH CONNECTS SUCH INNER CONDUCTOR TO ONE OF THE OUTER CONDUCTORS. THE SUPPORTING MEANS IS IN THE FORM OF A DIELECTRIC SCREW WHICH IS INSERTED THROUGH AN OPENING PROVIDED IN THE INNER CONDUCTOR AND A DIELECTRIC SPACER SLEEVE PROVIDED BETWEEN THE INNER AND THE ONE OUTER CONDUCTOR. A METALLIC LOCK NUT IS ALSO PROVIDED WHICH FASTENS THE SCREW IN PLACE. THE SCREW IS FORMED TO OCCUPY ONLY THAT PORTION OF THE INNER CONCONDUCTANCE OF THE SUPPORTING MEANS OVER A WIDE MICROWAVE FREQUENCY BAND.
D R A W I N G

Description

R. ESSINGER 3,560,896
Feb. 2', 1971 INNER CONDUCTOR SUPPORT FOR SHIELDED MICROWAVE ST RI-P LINES Filed July 8, 1968 V6 t a. 7 lhw H fl Jnremon- Roland Essinger BY v ATTORNEYS.
United States Patent US. Cl. 333-96 6 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A shield microwave strip line having an inner conductor between two outer conductors. The inner conductor is maintained in a fixed, spaced relationship with respect to the outer conductors by a supporting means which connects such inner conductor to one of the outer conductors. The supporting means is in the form of a dielectric screw which is inserted through an opening provided in the inner conductor and a dielectric spacer sleeve provided between the inner and the one outer conductor. A metallic lock nut is also provided which fastens the screw in place. The screw is formed to occupy only that portion of the inner conductor opening necessary for compensating the transverse conductance of the supporting means over a wide microwave frequency band.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to shielded microwave strip lines and more particularly to an improved supporting means for the inner conductor of such strip lines.
It is well known in the microwave art to provide shielded strip lines in which an inner conductor of definite thickness is provided where high quality components are required in a given arrangement. A typical shielded microwave strip line includes an inner conductor which is provided between two outer conductors. The inner conductor is maintained at a predetermined distance or spacing from the two outer conductors. The inner conductor is usually provided with a rectangular cross section of particular dimensions. The only dielectric provided in the space between the inner conductor and each outer conductor is air. Therefore, it is necessary, in order to maintain the prescribed impedance characteristics of the arrangement, to provide supporting means between the inner conductor and at least one of the outer conductors, thus to maintain such conductors at a prescribed distance with respect to each other. In fact, it is preferred, that such supporting means be provided between the inner conductor and only one outer conductor, inasmuch as the distance of the second outer conductor from the inner conductor is virtually kept constant by providing external mountingsor supports for the second outer conductor.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved supporting means for the inner conductor of shielded microwave strip lines wherein transverse conductances are compensated over a wide frequency band in the frequency range of microwaves.
In brief, according to the invention, this object is accomplished by providing a supporting means which is constructed in the form of a dielectric screw-type connection. Such a connection includes a dielectric screw which connectingly extends between the inner conductor and one of the outer conductors and passes through an opening provided in such inner conductor and a dielectric spacer sleeve provided between such inner conductor and one ice outer conductor. A metallic lock nut is also provided on the outer surface of the one outer conductor, which fastens the dielectric screw in position. The dielectric screw is formed with respect to the inner conductor opening so that it occupies only such portion of the opening necessary for compensating the transverse conductances of the screw connection over a wide microwave frequency band.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a transverse view of a typical shielded microwave strip line showing a cross section theerof.
FIG. 2 is a side view cross section of the shielded microwave strip line of FIG. 1 showing a supporting means, according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to FIG. 1, show therein is an inner conductor 5 which is guided, that is, provided between two outer conductors 6 and 7. The inner conductor 5 is provided at a predetermined position with respect to the two outer conductors and 6 and 7. Thus, a predetermined distance or spacing, h, is provided between the lower surface of the inner conductor 5 and the inner surface of the outer conductor 6. Moreover, the distance, H, provided between the two outer conductors, 6 and 7 respectively, is also predetermined. As shown, the inner conductor 5, preferably, has a rectangular or oblong cross section of a width, b, and a thickness, t. The dielectric provided between the above-mentioned inner and outer conductors is simply air so that it is necessary, in order to maintain the prescribed impedance characteristics of the arrangement, to provide a supporting means at certain intervals along the length of the strip line whereby the position of the inner conductor is maintained constant with respect to the outer conductors.
Referring to FIG. 2, as shown therein, a supporting means for maintaining the distance between the inner and outer conductors constant according to the invention is provided. The shielded microwave strip line includes an inner conductor 5 and two outer conductors 6 and 7, and the dielectric between the conductors is air as discussed above. The supporting means shown in FIG. 2 is provided at regular intervals along the length of the strip line and is in the form of a screw connection. As shown, each screw connection includes a dielectric screw 3 having a head portion 10 and a shaft diameter of D a dielectric spacer sleeve 1, a dielectric sleeve 2 and a metallic nut 8. The inner conductor 5 includes a recess or opening 4 which is aligned with a corresponding recess or opening 9 in the outer conductor 6. The dielectric spacer sleeve 1 is disposed between inner conductor 5 and outer conductor 6. The dielectric screw 3 is inserted through the dielectric sleeve 2, opening 4, dielectric sleeve 1 and the opening 9. The parts 1, 2 and 3 may be formed of commonly known dielectric materials such as polystyrene, polytetrafluor ethylene, polyvinyl carbazole, polymethacrylate or ceramics with low distortions and a small dielectric constant. The metallic nut 8 is then fastened on that portion of dielectric screw 3 which extends beyond the outer surface of outer conductor 6. This arrangement allows the dielectric sleeve 2 to be pressed against the inner conductor 5 and into opening 4 and the dielectric screw 3 itself, to be fixed in position.
As shown, the dielectric sleeve 2 includes two rims of different diameters. The rim of greater diameter, depicted as D corresponds to the diameter of the dielectric sleeve 1, which is preferably equal to the width, b, of the inner conductor 5. This assures a good mechanical compression between the parts of the supporting means. The rim of smaller diameter, depicted as D occupies the opening 4 and is, preferably, equal to about 80 to 90% of the width, b, of inner conductor 5. The rim of greater diameter, D is supported on the surface of the inner conductor 5, while the other rim of the sleeve 2, together with dielectric screw 3, partially occupies the opening 4 in the inner conductor 5. The size of the opening 4 is determined by the amount of interference which must be compensated for by the transverse conductance of the supporting means, which is essentially capacitive. The transverse conductance of the supporting means is compensated over a wide microwave frequency band by the essentially inductive longitudinal conductance of the opening 4. The dielectric materials of the parts 1, 2 and 3 result in a capacitive loading of the strip line, that is to say, an unwanted transverse conductance. The opening 4 essentially acts as a serial inductance. The dimension of opening 4 is appropriately chosen in such-a manner as to obtain compensation of the transverse conductance in a wide frequency band. The effective amount of the opening also depends on the parts 2 and 3.
While not shown in the figures, in a preferred form, according to the present invention, the head 10 of the dielectric screw 3 and the dielectric sleeve 2 are combined into an integrated head unit. In this form, the dielectric sleeve 2 is part of dielectric screw 3.
The following illustration refers to a shielded microwave strip line having an impedance characteristic of 60 ohms. The dimensions of the strip line and supporting means therefore are as follows:
Where a shielded microwave strip line and supporting means of the foregoing dimensions is employed, a dielectric sleeve 2 is provided which has a smaller rim extending 1.4 mm. into the opening 4 of the inner conductor 5 and a'greater rim which extends about 1 mm. above the upper surface of the inner conductor 5. A supporting means arrangement having such dimensions results in a transverse conductance interference factor of less than 1% in the microwave frequency range of up to 2.5 gHz.
It will be understood that the above description of the present invention is susceptible to various modifications, changes, and adaptations.
What is claimed is:
1. An arrangement for supporting the inner conductor of a shielded microwave strip line comprising, in combination:
(a) an inner conductor having an opening therein;
(b) a pair of spaced outer conductors, said outer conductors being disposed on opposite sides of the inner conductor;
() means disposed between said inner conductor and only one of said outer conductors for supporting the inner conductor in a fixed, spaced relationship with respect to the outer conductors, said means including: (1) a dielectric screw inserted through said inner conductor opening and formed to occupy only such portion of the inner conductor opening necessary for compensating the transverse conductance of the supporting means over a wide microwave frequency band;
(2) a dielectric spacer sleeve disposed between said inner and said one outer conductors and through which said screw is inserted thereby to maintain said inner and said one outer conductors at a fixed, spaced relationship to each other;
(3) said one outer conductor having an opening provided therein and said screw being inserted therein with a portion of the screw extending beyond the outer surface of said outer conductor; and
(4) a metallic lock nut fastened to that portion of the screw extending beyond said outer surface for holding said screw in position. 2. A combination as defined in claim 1 wherein said screw includes a head portion, said head portion and said spacer sleeve being arranged so as to provide a space therebetween.
3. A combination as defined in claim 1 wherein said supporting means includes a dielectric sleeve which partially occupies the inner conductor opening; said screw extending through said sleeve to hold it in position and said sleeve including at least a rim portion which is supported by the surface of said inner conductor adjacent to the inner conductor opening.
4. A combination as defined in claim 3 wherein said supported rim of said additional spacer sleeve has a diameter equal to the long side of the inner conductor oblong cross section.
5. A combination as defined in claim 3 wherein said inner conductor has an oblong cross section two sides of which are longer than the two other sides.
6. A combination as defined in claim 5 wherein the portion of said spacer sleeve, which partially occupies the inner conductor opening has a diameter of about between 45 80 to 90% of the long side of said inner conductor oblong cross section.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,376,725 5/1945 Richardson et a1 333-96 FOREIGN PATENTS 601,514 5/1948 Great Britain 333-84M HERMAN KARL SAALBAOH, Primary Examiner S. CHATMON, 112., Assistant Examiner U.S. c1. xn, 174-77; 333- 4 I
US743116A 1967-07-06 1968-07-08 Inner conductor support for shielded microwave strip lines Expired - Lifetime US3560896A (en)

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US4365222A (en) * 1981-04-06 1982-12-21 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Stripline support assembly
US5072201A (en) * 1988-12-06 1991-12-10 Thomson-Csf Support for microwave transmission line, notably of the symmetrical strip line type
WO2002037598A1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2002-05-10 Fci Americas Technology Inc. Air dielectric backplane interconnection system
US20080197946A1 (en) * 2006-12-30 2008-08-21 Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Llc Three-dimensional microstructures and methods of formation thereof
US20110115580A1 (en) * 2009-03-03 2011-05-19 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Two level matrix for embodying disparate micro-machined coaxial components
US20110181377A1 (en) * 2010-01-22 2011-07-28 Kenneth Vanhille Thermal management
US20110181376A1 (en) * 2010-01-22 2011-07-28 Kenneth Vanhille Waveguide structures and processes thereof
US20110210807A1 (en) * 2003-03-04 2011-09-01 Sherrer David W Coaxial waveguide microstructures and methods of formation thereof
US8542079B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2013-09-24 Nuvotronics, Llc Coaxial transmission line microstructure including an enlarged coaxial structure for transitioning to an electrical connector
US20140152525A1 (en) * 2012-12-03 2014-06-05 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Transmission line and antenna device
US8814601B1 (en) 2011-06-06 2014-08-26 Nuvotronics, Llc Batch fabricated microconnectors
US8866300B1 (en) 2011-06-05 2014-10-21 Nuvotronics, Llc Devices and methods for solder flow control in three-dimensional microstructures
US9024417B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2015-05-05 Nuvotronics, Llc Integrated electronic components and methods of formation thereof
EP2876748A1 (en) * 2013-11-21 2015-05-27 Spinner GmbH Millimeter wave connector and band conductor
US9306254B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-04-05 Nuvotronics, Inc. Substrate-free mechanical interconnection of electronic sub-systems using a spring configuration
US9306255B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-04-05 Nuvotronics, Inc. Microstructure including microstructural waveguide elements and/or IC chips that are mechanically interconnected to each other
US9325044B2 (en) 2013-01-26 2016-04-26 Nuvotronics, Inc. Multi-layer digital elliptic filter and method
US9993982B2 (en) 2011-07-13 2018-06-12 Nuvotronics, Inc. Methods of fabricating electronic and mechanical structures
US10310009B2 (en) 2014-01-17 2019-06-04 Nuvotronics, Inc Wafer scale test interface unit and contactors
US10319654B1 (en) 2017-12-01 2019-06-11 Cubic Corporation Integrated chip scale packages
US10497511B2 (en) 2009-11-23 2019-12-03 Cubic Corporation Multilayer build processes and devices thereof
US10511073B2 (en) 2014-12-03 2019-12-17 Cubic Corporation Systems and methods for manufacturing stacked circuits and transmission lines
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Families Citing this family (2)

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FR2496996A1 (en) * 1980-12-18 1982-06-25 Thomson Csf HYPERFREQUENCY TRANSMISSION LINE OF THE AIR TRIPLAQUE TYPE AND USES THEREOF
FR2629275A1 (en) * 1988-03-22 1989-09-29 Thomson Csf Mechanical holding part for microwave circuits

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US4365222A (en) * 1981-04-06 1982-12-21 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Stripline support assembly
US5072201A (en) * 1988-12-06 1991-12-10 Thomson-Csf Support for microwave transmission line, notably of the symmetrical strip line type
WO2002037598A1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2002-05-10 Fci Americas Technology Inc. Air dielectric backplane interconnection system
US20110210807A1 (en) * 2003-03-04 2011-09-01 Sherrer David W Coaxial waveguide microstructures and methods of formation thereof
US9312589B2 (en) 2003-03-04 2016-04-12 Nuvotronics, Inc. Coaxial waveguide microstructure having center and outer conductors configured in a rectangular cross-section
US10074885B2 (en) 2003-03-04 2018-09-11 Nuvotronics, Inc Coaxial waveguide microstructures having conductors formed by plural conductive layers
US8742874B2 (en) 2003-03-04 2014-06-03 Nuvotronics, Llc Coaxial waveguide microstructures having an active device and methods of formation thereof
US7656256B2 (en) * 2006-12-30 2010-02-02 Nuvotronics, PLLC Three-dimensional microstructures having an embedded support member with an aperture therein and method of formation thereof
US20100109819A1 (en) * 2006-12-30 2010-05-06 Houck William D Three-dimensional microstructures and methods of formation thereof
US20080197946A1 (en) * 2006-12-30 2008-08-21 Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Llc Three-dimensional microstructures and methods of formation thereof
US8031037B2 (en) 2006-12-30 2011-10-04 Nuvotronics, Llc Three-dimensional microstructures and methods of formation thereof
US9515364B1 (en) 2006-12-30 2016-12-06 Nuvotronics, Inc. Three-dimensional microstructure having a first dielectric element and a second multi-layer metal element configured to define a non-solid volume
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US10002818B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2018-06-19 Nuvotronics, Inc. Integrated electronic components and methods of formation thereof
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US8542079B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2013-09-24 Nuvotronics, Llc Coaxial transmission line microstructure including an enlarged coaxial structure for transitioning to an electrical connector
US20110115580A1 (en) * 2009-03-03 2011-05-19 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Two level matrix for embodying disparate micro-machined coaxial components
US8659371B2 (en) 2009-03-03 2014-02-25 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Three-dimensional matrix structure for defining a coaxial transmission line channel
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US9993982B2 (en) 2011-07-13 2018-06-12 Nuvotronics, Inc. Methods of fabricating electronic and mechanical structures
US9496606B2 (en) * 2012-12-03 2016-11-15 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Transmission line and antenna device
US20140152525A1 (en) * 2012-12-03 2014-06-05 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Transmission line and antenna device
US9325044B2 (en) 2013-01-26 2016-04-26 Nuvotronics, Inc. Multi-layer digital elliptic filter and method
US9608303B2 (en) 2013-01-26 2017-03-28 Nuvotronics, Inc. Multi-layer digital elliptic filter and method
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US9570790B2 (en) 2013-11-21 2017-02-14 Spinner Gmbh Transmission line and connector, where the transmission line includes holding pins extending through an inner conductor
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US10310009B2 (en) 2014-01-17 2019-06-04 Nuvotronics, Inc Wafer scale test interface unit and contactors
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Publication number Publication date
GB1188727A (en) 1970-04-22
FR1573432A (en) 1969-07-04

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