US2079008A - Repeating candle - Google Patents

Description

May 4, 1937. B. c. (3088 REPEATING CANDLE Filed Oct. 27,

1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l iByron 0. Gaaa,

MM, 1937. B c, G055 v 2,079,008

REPEATING CANDLE Filed Oct. 27, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 :4 J88 rags-fir;

' Jrwemr: ,B rmw 0. 6066',

Patented May 4, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT orrice REPEATIN G CANDLE Application October 27, 1934, Serial No. 750,366

28 Glaims.

This invention relates to repeating candles or grenade of the non-bursting type; which discharges successive blasts'of irritating gases, or mists, -or dust suspensions, for example of the tear gas type, and which are thrown by police to subdue and disperse mobs, riots, insurrections, etc., the successive blasts of gas being spaced, for example, one-half second, or three-quarters second, or one second apart, or at any selected timeperiod. Since the term candle in this. art is also used to describe a devicefrequently called a grenade, said term candle is intended to cover grenades having the characteristics of the device or devices described and claimed herein.

An object of the invention is to. provide a repeating candle of the type usually thrown by hand, which contains a plurality of gas-chemical charges to be successively automatically fired, and

which when thrown will deliver. a first violent blast of tear gas, or other disabling gas or gases, while passing through the air, or just before landing, then after landing will jump and during its jump will deliver a second violent blast of tear gas or the like, then land and jump again, and during its second jump. will deliver a third violent blast of tear gas or the like, then land and jump again, and so on until the candle has been exhausted.

0 A further object is to provide a repeating candle of the type containing a plurality or gaschemical charges, which deliver successive violent blast discharges of tear gas or the like at spaced intervals, and which after the first landing jumps and during the jump discharges another violent blast of gas or the like, repeating the jumps and violent blasts of gas a number of times depending upon the number of charges of gas-generating chemicals, thereby striking great fear and terror among the mob because it cannot be anticipated in which direction the candle will jump next. After the final discharge the candle is inefiective as a gas-generator if picked up by any members of the mob and thrown back among the police.

A further object is to provide a repeating candle of enormously increased capacity over ordinary candles of the same size; the type described herein is capable of developing at least double the amount of tear gas, or the like, developed by the standard candles of the same size,

A further object is to provide a repeating candle which contains an explosive charge, but which is not shattered by the explosion thereof; accordingly there are not any flying. pieces of metal as 2, result of the explosion, and members of the mob are not cut or wounded by the explosion.

A further object is to provide a repeating candle of the non-bursting type, which due to its construction, practically eliminates all fire hazard.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the specification.

Heretofore, in gas-generating candles of the non-bursting type, the gas-generating chemicals have always been volatilized by charges of relatively slow-burning mixtures when compared with the explosive used in the improved non-bursting type of candle described herein. Such slow-burning charges occupied from sixty-five to seventy percent of the available space in the candle, leaving about thirty-five to thirty percent of available space for the gas-generating chemicals. With the present invention the gas-generating chemicals. occupy a volume at least double that of the explosive used, and may with some types of candle occupy as high as ninety percent, with the explosive ten percent, thereby enormously increasing the quantity of tear gas, or other gas or gases, or mists, or dust suspensions, that will be delivered from the same size candle.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view, and partly in. elevation, on the line l'--i of Figure 3, of a repeating candle containing three charges of gasgenerating chemicals, and the fuze-head;

Figure 2 is a similar section on the line 2-2 of Figure 3, of the body of the repeating candle without the fuze-head, showing one of the vents in the casing;

Figure 3 is a horizontal plan view on the line 33 of Figure 1, showing the ferrule in elevation, and a section of the fuze-head;

Figure 4 is a horizontal section on the line l4 of Figure 1, showing one type of fuzes in elevation, and showing explosives in section;

Figure 5 is a horizontal section on the line 55 of Figure I, showing the gas-generating chemicals;

Figure 6 is a horizontal section on the line 4-4 of Figure 1, showing a modification of Figure 4;

Figure '7 is a vertical sectional View on the line 1'l of Figure 8, of a modification of the repeating candle shown in Figure 1, in which all of the fuzes. are simultaneously ignited upon the firing of the ignition charge;

Figure 8 is a top plan view on the line 88 of Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a view partly in section, and partly in elevation, of a fuze-head; and

Figure 10 is a top plan view of the fuze-head showing the cap and the ring.

In Figure l, a metallic casing I, is provided with a multiplicity of openable areas of any approved type, shown herein as covered vents 2, distributed around the body of the casing, and which are suitably sealed with water-proof seals 3, for example tinfoil or lead foil, cemented or soldered to the metal of the casing. To the top 4, are secured, for example by welding or otherwise, a plurality of tubes or elements, three of which, 5, 5, I, are shown on the drawings, but any number of tubes may be used, as many as ten or more, according to the size of the candle, and the service required. The tube-s are of such size and shape that spaces 30, and 3I, (Figures 4 and 5) are left between the outer wall of, and around, each tube 5, B, I, and the inner wall of the casing I. The several tubes or elements 5, 6, I, are previously perforated near one end at 8 (Figure 4) through which are passed suitable time-delay fuzes I0, II, referred to hereafter. To the top 4 is also secured a ferrule I I to: receive the fuze-head 34.

Within the tube 5 is placed a water-proof seal I5 to cover the opening in the ferrule I4, and within each of the other tubes 6, I, are placed cardboard discs I6. Suitable liner cylinders 91, perforated, are next inserted in each tube, the perforations therein registering with the perforations 8 in the respective tubes 5, 6, I, and through the alined perforations are inserted the fuzes I and II; fuze I0 having for example a one-half second time-delay period, or it may be longer; fuze I I will have a longer time-delay period than fuze I0, for example one second if fuze I0 is a one-half second fuze, When more than three tubes or elements 5, '6, I, are associated with the candle, a fuze is used for each additional tube or element with the extra fuzes having successively increasing time-delay periods. The object of the increasing time-delay period of the fuze I I over that of fuze I0, is that the several charges of explosives in tubes 5, 8, I, (referred to hereafter) will be successively ignited and explode during the successive jumps of the candle. The separate charges of explosives in the metal tubes 5, 6, I, are explosively insulated by said tubes, and are exploded separately upon ignition by their respective fuzes. Instead of having the fuzes I0 and II lead from the explosive in tube to the explosive charges in tubes 6 and I as illustrated in Figure 4, the modification; shown in Figure 6 may be used, showing for example a one-half second time-delay fuze I2, leading from explosive 26 in tube 5 to the explosive 21 in tube 6; when explosive 2? is ignited and explodes, it ignites the half-second time-delay fuze I3 leading from tube 8 to the explosive 28 in. tube I and so on if a larger number of tubes of the type illustrated at 5, 6, I, were used. The charges of explosives 26, 21, and 28, consist for example of about one hundred grains of F. F. G. black powder, surrounding the ends of the fuzes I0 and I I, and each charge of explosive is covered with a cardboard disc II. Upon the discs II are placed felt cushions I8, and upon the cushions are placed the destructible containers I9, 20, and El, made of thin glass or gelatine composition, or other suitable destructible material, containing charges of gasgenerating chemicals 22; with one size of container a charge of about thirty grams of gasgenerating chemicals was used, but the charge would vary with the size of the container, and the service required.

The gas-generating chemical may be a liquid consisting of about twenty-five percent of chloracetophencne and about seventy-five percent of ethylbromacetate, although other types of chemicals may be used, for example, such as generate vomiting gases, etc. Also, such chemicals as diphenylaminechlorarsine, solid chloracetophenone, and vanillylnormal-heptoylamide, may be used; the irritating chemicals may be distributed as mists, or as fine dust suspensions, with or without the admixture of other types of tear gases, etc. It is preferred to use chemicals which generate and deliver invisible gases, but smoke-producing chemicals may be added to the charge if it is desired to produce a mixed smoke and tear gas. Instead of the liquid gas-generating chemical mixture 22, mixed liquid and solid gas-generating chemicals, may also be used. Examples of highly efficient gas-generating chemicals are also disclosed in my prior patents 1,750,101; 1,792,010; 1,878,488; and 1,878,489. Upon the ends of the containers I9, 20, 2|, are next placed felt cushions 28, then cardboard discs 24, and the ends of the tubes 5, I3, I, then sealed with a suitable water-proof cement 25.

The top l with the attached loaded tubes 5, 6, I, is now secured to the open end of the easing I, for example by folding the edge of casing I around the upturned edge of top 4, as illustrated. While it is preferred to attach the tubes 5, 6, I, as shown on the drawing, any manner of holding these tubes in operative association with the firing mechanism, described hereafter, may be employed. The free space 30, referred to above, between the outer walls of tubes 5, '6, I, and the inner wall of casing I, constitute passages through which the highly compressed gas travels in a reverse direction, and together with the larger spaces 3! between each tube, constitute a connected expansion or pressure chamber 32, into which the generated heated gases collect under high pressure upon the first exploslon and burst oif the seals 3 over the vents 2, the gas then discharging as high pressure blasts of incapacitating and disabling invisible tear gas, or other disabling gas or gases, or mists, suspensions, through vents 2, the pressure being sufiicient to project the blasts of gas to a considerable distance. Any debris, consisting of fragments of glass, or other matter, is also collected in the expansion or pressure chamber.

Within the ferrule I4 is attached the fuze-liead 84, the latter provided with an explosive igni-' tion powder charge 35, having a closure disc 36, and a relay firing charge 31; above the relay charge 3! is a time-relay fuze, for example an MI fuze, 38, consisting preferably'of compressed black powder and arranged to fire the relay charge 37 and ignition charge 35 in a predeter mined time; in the present case, a time-delay period of one-andthree-quarters (1%) seconds has been determined to be a suitable time-period, but other time-delay period fuzes may be used when desired. Above the fuze 38 is the primer 40 which is fired in the usual manner at the instant the candle leaves the hand of the thrower, the striker 39 flying over and striking the primer 40; the first charge of gas-generating chemicals 22 in container or receptacle I 9, shown in Figures 1 and 2 below the explosive charge 26, is fired during the passage of the candle through the air just before landing, delivering its entire content of gas into the expansion: or pressure chamber 32, bursting off the seals3 and is' delivered therefrom as blasts-of gas projected at high pressure for a considerable distance in every direction through the multiplicity of vents 2, among the mob. The charge of explosive 26, (Figure 4) also ignites the time-delay fuzes Ill and ll, which lead respectively to explosive charges 21, 28. Upon landing, which is timed to occur at about the time of the first explosion and violent discharge of gas, the discharge of gas reacts upon either the air or the ground, and propels the candle as a jump in an unknown direction, and during the first jump the fuze in, which has been ignited by the explosion of charge -26, ignites and explodes the explosive 2T in about one-half second after the first explosive 26 has been exploded, but the time of one-half second may be varied by a change in the fuze l0 if desired. The explosive 21 explodes, and volatilizes the gas-chemical of container 28 as high pressure blasts from the expansion chamber 32 through vents 2, as described above, and thereafter lands and jumps again in an unknown direction; the ignited fuze I I is still burning, having also been ignited by the explosion of charge 26, and during the second jump ignites the explosive charge 28 in about one-half second after the explosion of charge 21, exploding the gas-generating chemicals in container 2| and'delivering the volatilized gas into the surrounding expansion chamber 32 as described above, from which it is discharged through the vents 2 as high pressure blasts of gas among the mob, and thereafter lands and jumps again. This action is repeated as often as there are containers of gas-generating, chemicals 22 with associated explosives in the candle. Since the mob has no means of knowing how many jumps will occur, and how many blasts of gas will be discharged, and since the blasts of gas are sudden and invisible, and the volume of gas at least double that from a charge in the same size of candle heretofore used, a much larger area will be flooded with gas than with the standard types of candle now in use; and since after the last sudden blast the candle will be exhausted, it would be harmless if kicked away or thrown back by any of the mob. In view of the gas being invisible, and because of its severity, the mob is filled with terror, and those not subdued and disabled immediately disperse to escape from thefgas atmosphere. After the final blast of gas,,,thecontainer is still relatively cool, and accordingly, there is not any fire hazzard.

In the preferred modification shown in Figures '7 and 8, a plurality of tubes or elements 5, 6, l, are attached to the top 4 by welding or otherwise, and the ferrule 45 securely attached to the top 4 by welding, riveting, or otherwise, at 46. Within the tubes or elements 5, 6, I, are placed discs 41 of metal or other material, secured for example by pressing a lug 48 through the top 4, the discs 41 being previously perforated to receive the fuzes 49; the ferrule 45 being also previously drilled so as to register with the holes in the discs 41. Within each tube 5, 6, 1, is placed a charge of explosive, shown at26, and 28, in Figure '7, also a cardboard disc ll, and thereafter a charge of gas-generating chemicals 22 in suitable receptacles 50, followed by a felt cushion 23, a cardboard disc 24, and a water-proof cement closure 25. The fuzes 49, of which three are shown in Figure 8, have different time-delay periods, for example, one will have a one-and-three-quarter seconds period; a second will have a. two-and-threequarter seconds period; and. the third will have a three-and-three-quarter seconds period; the three fuzes are ignitedv simultaneously by thefiring of the ignition charge. 35 in the fuzeshead 34 when the candle is thrown in the usual manner. The fuze-head 34 is provided with the usual safety cotter pin and ring 6 I, also cap 62 having ears 63. Within the fuze-head 34 is a waterproof seal 64, a primer 4G, explosive 61:, relay igniter G8, and ignition charge 35, the latter covered by a water-proof seal 36.

The gas-chemical containers 5!] are preferably made of a gelatine composition, although any suitable material may be used; the containers 50 are filled with a highly effective powerful gasgenerating chemical, 22, which may be either liquid, solid, or mixed liquid and solid, as described above under Figure 1.

When it is desired to use the candle, the fuzehead 34 is attached to the ferrule 45;, the ring 6| is grasped as usual, and the candle thrown; the act of throwing withdraws the safety cotter pin 60, permitting the spring actuated striker 39 to fiy over and strike the primer 4%,, thereby firing the primer, explosive 61, relay charge 68, and igniter charge 35; the firing of the igniter charge 35 ignites all of the fuzes 48 simultaneously and they will continue to burn until all of the explosives in the candle have been exploded. The one-and-three-quarters second fuze will ignite its respective charge of explosive, which explodes and volatilizes the gas-chemicals 22, the generated gas bursting off the seals 3 and discharging through vents 2 as streaming high pressure jets of gas while the candle is passing through the air or just before the first landing; after landing, the candle will jump" and during the first jump the burning twoand-three-quarters second fuze will ignite the second charge of explosive, and explode and volatilize a second charge of gas-generating chemicals, the high-pressure gas streaming through the vents 2 as high pressure jets while still in the air during the first jump; the candle then lands, and jumps a second time,v and during the second jump the still burning three-andthree-quarters second fuze will ignite its respective charge of explosive, and explode and volatilize a third charge of gas-generating chemicals the gas from which streams through the vents 2 as above described while still in the air during thesecond jump; repeating the jumps and discharges of gas as often as there are charges of gas-generating chemicals in tubes or elements corresponding to the tubes 5,6,1.

Without any intention of limiting the invention in any particular, it. is believed that the socalled jumping action of the grenade through the air is occasioned in the following manner: It will be noted that when an element contained within the casing is fired, the direction of dis.- charge of the contents of the element is toward what might be called the bottom of the casing, in other words, into that portion of the casing which has been called in this specification an expansion or pressure chamber. Upon each explosion of an element there is instantaneously developed an enormous discharge of gas which sets up in the aforementioned chamber a very high pressure, and this gas under enormous pressure destroys the openable areas shown herein as coverings 3 over the vents 2, in the effort to escape'from the candle or grenade; said openable areas being suitably located on the. casing. This discharge-of gas as highvelooity blasts impinges upon whatever media is adjacent thereto, which may be the atmosphere, or any object, or the ground; and the reaction of the high velocity gas so impinging causes a bodily projection or propulsion of the grenade as a unit in an unknown direction, but which is generally in the direction in which the grenade has been thrown. Obviously, as has been already alluded to, the successive discharges of the elements housed within the grenade, which discharges are timed to occur at about the time of landing, will cause the successive jumping of the grenade, in the manner described.

The violent high velocity delivery of the gas under high pressure through the restricted discharge vents has been found to exert a cooling efiect upon the wall of the container; after the final blast of gas an exhausted grenade is sufficiently cool to be picked up by hand, it is so cool that there are not any fire hazzards should the grenade fall in contact with combustible material.

Each separate blast of gas is discharged with such violence that streams thereof are projected a considerable distance in every direction during the first throw, and during each jump, and since there will be a number of jumps, .a large area will be flooded with gas, and large mobs or riots are quickly subdued with a reduced number of candles. As noted above, the candle may be constructed to hold a large number of gasgenerating chemical charges with explosives in elements corresponding to 5, 6, and I. The seals indicated at 3, with their corresponding vents 2, may be limited in number and correspondingly larger, or may be numerous and distributed all over the surface of the candle.

I claim- 1. A multiple flight gas candle comprising associated means to generate in said candle spaced successive charges of high pressure gas, vents in said candle, said successive gas charges blasting through said vents as high pressure gas blasts, each successive gas blast imparting a successive flight to said candle.

2. A multiple flight gas candle comprising a casing, areas constituting vents in the wall thereof, a plurality of elements therein, each of said elements containing explosive and gas generating chemicals, means to explode said explosive in the separate elements in spaced succession, each spaced explosion generating and violently expelling spaced discharges of gas from said candle through said vents, each discharge of gas imparting to said candle an additional flight.

3. A multiple flight gas candle comprising a casing, areas constituting vents in the wall thereof, a plurality of elements in said casing, each ofv said elements containing an explosive and gas generating chemicals, time fuzes having diiTerent time. periods associated with said elements, means to ignite one of said time fuzes, said time fuzes arranged to explode the explosives in said elements in spaced succession, each explosion generating in and violently discharging from said candle and through said vents a blast of gas, and each successive blast of gas imparting an additional flight to said candle.

4. A jumping candle comprising a closed casing, destructible areas constituting vents in the wall thereof, a gas chemical element therein containing an explosive, said element so shaped and located as to provide an expansion chamber within said casing, said element constructed to discharge when exploded a blast of gas into said chamber, said blast of gas destroying said destructible areas and discharging from said vents as violent blasts of gas, said violent blasts of gas reacting on external media and jumping said candle, and means to fire said explosive.

5. A jumping candle or grenade, comprising a casing having a passage therethrough and openable areas constituting vents when opened, a plurality of associated charges of explosives and gas generating chemicals in said casing, means to explode said exploslvesat spaced intervals, said explosives and gas chemicals upon explosion generating high pressure gas, said high pressure gas blasting through said passage in a substantially reverse direction and through said openable vents as successive high velocity blasts of gas, said blast of gas projecting said candle in successive jumps.

6. A jumping, repeating, gas dischargin candle, comprising a container, a plurality of elements in said candle each containing a gas charge and an explosive, said elements being so shaped and located as to provide an expansion chamber and gas passages, each of said elements positioned to separately and successively discharge a blast of gas within the container and towards said chamber when exploded, said passages leading from said chamber through which said successive blasts of gas travel in a substantially reverse direction through said container before discharging therefrom, areas in the wall of said container through which said blasts of gas discharge, and means to fire said elements at spaced intervals.

7. A jumping, repeating, gas discharging candle, comprising a container, a plurality of elements in said candle each containing a gas charge and an explosive, said elements being so shaped and located as to provide an expansion chamber and gas passages, each of said elements positioned to separately and successively discharge a blast of gas within the container and towards said chamber when exploded, said passages leading from said chamber and through which said successive blasts of gas travel in a substantially reverse direction through said container before discharging therefrom, areas in the wall of said container through which said blasts of gas discharge, said successive blasts of gas upon leaving said container reacting against external media and mechanically jumping said candle, and means to fire said elements at spaced intervals.

8. A jumping gas discharging candle or grenade containing a plurality of shielded explosive and gas charges constructed to explode at timed intervals and produce automatic successive jumps and to deliver successive discharges of gas, said gas discharges timed with the jumps, said candle or grenade comprising a casing, restricted vent areas therein, elements containing explosives and associated gas generating chemicals in said casing, said elements being so shaped and located as to provide an expansion chamber and gas passages within said casing, and firing means timed to separately explode said explosives and generate said gas at successive periods and violently discharge blasts of generated gas into said chamber and thereafter through said passages in a substantially reverse direction and through said vents at spaced intervals, said successive explosions and violent discharges effecting said successive jumps.

9. A jumping candle or grenade constructed to deliver repeated time-delay discharges of gas, comprising a casing, a plurality of gas charges each associated with cooperating explosives in said casing, means to explode said associated explosives and gas charges at spaced time-intervals, said candle constructed with restricted openable areas adapted to function as gas vents when opened, a first of said explosives timed to explode upon approximate landing .after having been thrown, said first gas charge upon being exploded generating gas under high pressure, said high pressure gas bursting open said openable areas and discharging therethrough as gas blasts at high velocity, said high velocity blasts of gas reacting against external media to propel said candle as a jump from the first landing to a different location, the time of landing at said different location corresponding approximately to the time of a second explosion, high velocity blasts of gas being blasted from said candle at said second explosion approximatelyat the time of the second landing and propelling said candle as a second jump to .a third location,- and said candle repeatedly exploding and repeatedly projecting high velocity blasts of gas and repeatedly jumping after each explosion until said candle is exhausted.

10. A gas candle or grenade, comprising a casing provided with restricted openable gas discharge areas, a self-contained explosively actuated gas generating chemical element within said casing, the space between said element and casing constituting a gas pressure chamber, means for effecting the explosion of said element to deliver gas therefrom into said pressure chamber and from said chamber through said gas discharge areas as a high pressure blast of gas,

whereby said gas blast upon impinging upon an external medium will react thereupon and cause bodily movement of said candle.

11. A gas candle orgrenade, comprising a casing, a plurality of explosive containing gas generating elements in said casing, said elements so shaped and located in said casing as to provide a pressure chamber and a gas passage therein, means for causing said elements to successively explode and generate gas under high pressure in said chamber, said casing having restricted openable gas discharge areas for discharging gas when said areas are opened, said gas discharging through said-opened areas against external media, said discharging gas adapted to react against said external media 'and to cause successive bodily movements of said candle.

12. A gas candle or grenade comprising a casing having an end wall, an explosive-containing gas-generating element in said casing spaced from said end wall, said element being so shaped and located as to provide a pressure chamber and gas passages withinsaid casing, means for initiating the discharge of said explosive and the generation of said gas, said discharge of gas violently blasting into said chamber and therefrom through said passages in a reverse direction, restricted gas delivery areas in said casing remote from said pressure chamber for delivering said violent blast of gas therethrough against an external medium and thereby causing bodily movement of said candle.

13. A gas candle or grenade comprising a -casi-ng, elements containing gas generating chemicals, said elements being so shaped and located as to provide 'a pressure chamber and gas passages within said casing, said elements also containing explosives-for volatilizing said chemicals and successively genera-ting gas pressures in said chamber upon explosion, means to successively fire said explosives, said casing having restricted openable gas discharging areas -for discharging blasts of generated gas from said chamber through said passages in a substantially reverse direction to and through said areas and against external media, said blasts of gas adapted to react against said media to cause successive bodily movements of said candle.

14. A gas discharging candle or grenade comprising a casing having opposite end portions, an explosive-containing gas-generating element for explosively generating gas in said casing, said element spaced from one of said end portions, the resulting space constituting a pressure chamber between said element and said latter end portion, means for initiating the discharge of the explosive and the generation and delivery of gas from said element in a direction toward said pressure chamber, restricted openable gas deilvery areas said casing for discharging a vio lent blast of gas from said casing at high velocity against an external medium, said blast of gas adapted to react against said medium and to cause translatory movement of said candle.

15. A gas candle or grenade comprising a casing provided with a non-destructible portion, a gas element in said casing, said element so shaped and located in said casing as to provide an ex pansion chamber and gas passages within said casing, said element containing an explosive and gas generating chemicals, means for exploding said explosive and thereby generating gas from said chemicals, the discharge of said gas being initially directed into said chamber and against said non-destructible portion of said casing, and thereafter through said passages in a substantially reverse direction, the said casing having restricted openable gas exit areas for discharging the generated gas from said casing, said gas blasting through said areas with sufiicient velocity against an external medium to cause translatory movement of said candle or grenade.

16.. A gas candle or grenade comprising a casing having a non-destruetible portion, gas generating elements containing explosives in said casing, said elements spaced from said non-destructible portion and thereby providing .an expansion chamber within said casing and said elements located to discharge gas into said chamber upon explosion, said casing restricted openable gas discharge areas remote from said expansion chamber, .saiddischarge areas adapted when opened to discharge gas against external media, said discharging gas adapted .to react against said media to cause bodily movements of said candle, and said elements so disposed in said casing as to provide pasages connecting said discharge areas with said expansion chamber, and means for causing said elements to successively explode and discharge gas into said expan- :sion chamber.

17. A repeating gas candle or grenade containing separate explosively shielded charges of .00- operating explosive and gas chemicals, and constructed and arranged to be fired and successively explode and to automatically discharge repeated :blasts of disabling and irritating gases of the tear gas type at successive intervals, said repeated successive blasts of gas reacting against external media and mechanically jumping said candle to diiferent spots and delivering individual blasts between the jumps after being thrown.

18. A repeating gas candle comprising a plurality of chemical-gas charges, said gas charges capable of developing disabling and. irritating gases of the tear gas type, a separate explosive charge in operative relation to each of said gas charges, and a plurality of time-delay fuzes having different time-delay periods, a separate fuze associated with each explosive charge, said candle constructed and arranged to be fired and to deliver high pressure blasts of gas at spaced intervals, each blast of gas reacting against external media and mechanically propelling said candle through the air in successive jumps between the blasts.

19. A repeating gas-discharging non-bursting candle, comprising a casing, at least one opening therein, a destructible seal over said opening or openings, a plurality of gas-chemical holding elements located in said casing, each of said elements containing its own charge of explosive and a charge of gas-generating chemicals in proximity thereto, time-delay fuzes associated with said explosives, each charge of explosive being arranged to be separately and successively fired by said time-delay fuzes and to volatilize said gas-generating chemicals and discharge the generated gases through said opening or openings as separate successive gas blasts, said separate successive blasts reacting against external media and mechanically propelling said candle through the air in successive jumps between the blasts.

20. A repeatingcandle comprising a casing, at least one opening therein, a destructible seal or seals over said opening or openings, a plurality of gas-chemical holding elements located in said casing, each of said elements containing its own charge of explosive and a charge of gas generating chemicals in operative relation thereto, timedelay fuzes associated with said explosives, at least one of said time-relay fuzes arranged to be initially ignited, each charge of explosive arranged to be separately and successively fired by said ignited time-delay fuzes and to volatilize said gas-generating chemicals and discharge the generated gases as separate gas blasts at timed intervals, said blasts of gas reacting against external media and propelling said candle through the air in successive jumps, with the blasts of gas timed to occur at about the time of the jump.

21. A repeating gas discharging candle comprising a casing, at least one opening therein, a destructible seal or seals over said opening or openings, a plurality of gas-chemical holding elements located in said casing, each of said ele ments containing its own charge of explosive and a charge of gas-generating chemicals in operative relation thereto, each charge of said explosive being suificient in quantity to volatilize said gas-chemicals in its respective element, the explosive charge in a first element arranged to be initially fired, a plurality of time-delay fuzes arranged to be ignited and explode the explosives and volatilize the gas-chemicals in successive elements at successive predetermined intervals after the ignition of the explosive in said first element, said elements being so located in said casing as to provide an expansion chamber to receive the charges of high pressure gases generated by the successive explosions and to discharge said high pressure gases as timed, separate, successive gas blasts through said opening or openings, said separate successive gas blasts propelling said candle through the air in successive jumps, and means to attach a fuze-head to said candle to initially fire one of said fuzes at a predetermined time.

22. A repeating gas-discharging candle comprising a casing, at least one opening therein, a destructible seal or seals covering said opening or openings, a plurality of gas-chemical holding elements located in said casing, each of said'elements containing its own charge of explosive and a charge of gas-generating chemicals in operative relation thereto, each charge of explosive being sufficient in quantity to volatilize said gas-chemicals in its respective element, a plurality of timedelay fuzes arranged to be ignited and explode the explosives and volatilize the gas-chemicals in successive elements at successive predetermined intervals and to discharge blasts of high pressure gases as timed, separate, successive gas blasts, the separate successive gas blasts reacting against external media and propelling said candle through the air in successive jumps, with the blasts of gas timed to occur at about the time of the jump, and means to attach a firing device to said candle.

23. A repeating gas-discharging candle comprising a casing, openings therein, destructible seals over said openings, 'a plurality of gas-chemical holding elements located in said casing, each of said elements containing its own charge of explosive and a charge of gas-generating chemicals in operative relation thereto, each charge of explosive being suificie-nt in quantity to volatilize said gas-chemicals in its respective element, the explosive charge in a first element arranged to be initially fired, a plurality of time-delay fuzes, said fuzes arranged to be fired and to explode the explosives and volatilize the gas-chemicals in successive elements at successive predetermined intervals, said elements being so shaped and located as to provide an expansion chamber in said casing, said chamber arranged to receive the charges of high pressure gases generated by the successive explosions and to discharge said high pressure gases as timed, separate gas blasts, said separate gas blasts propelling said candle through the air in successive jumps, and means to secure a firing device to said candle to initially fire at least one of said fuzes.

24. A repeating candle comprising a casing, perforations therein, destructible seals over said perforations, a plurality of gas-chemical holding elements located in said casing, each of said elements containing its own charge of explosive and a charge of gas-generating chemicals in operative relation thereto, each of said explosives being sufiicient in quantity to volatilize said gaschemicals in its respective element, a plurality of time-delay fuzes arranged to be ignited and explode the explosives and volatilize the gas-chemicals in successive elements at successive predetermined intervals, said elements being so shaped and located as to provide an expansion chamber in said casing to receive the charges of volatilized chemicals as charges of high pressure gases and to deliver said charges of high pressure gases as timed, separate gas blasts through said perforations, an igniting means to ignite said fuzes when said candle is thrown, the first explosion arranged to occur during the initial fiight of the candle and to discharge a violent blast of gas, said violent blast of gas and said timed separate gas blasts propelling said candle through the air in successive jumps.

25. A repeating candle comprising a casing, perforations therein, destructible seals over said perforations, a plurality of gas-chemical holding elements located in said casing, each of said elements containing its own charge of explosive and a charge of gas-generating chemicals in operative relation thereto, each charge of said explosive being suflicient in quantity to volatilize said gas-chemicals in its respective element, a

plurality of time=delay fuzes, said fuzes having diiferent time-periods, the said separate fuzes arranged to fire separate charges of explosives, at least one of said fuzes arranged to be fired when the candle is first thrown, said fuzes arranged'to ignite the separate charges of explosives at predetermined intervals, a first charge of explosive arranged to be fired during the initial flight of the candle and to discharge a first blast of gas during said initial flight, successive charges of explosives arranged to be automatically fired thereafter and to deliver successive spaced blasts of gas, each blast of gas reacting against external media and propelling said candie through the air in successive jumps.

26. A repeating gas candle or grenade comprising a casing, said casing provided with restricted openable areas adapted to be opened by an explosion within said casing, a plurality of separately and successively explodable gas elements Within said casing, each gas element containing associated explosive and gas-generating chemicals in effective quantities, said gas elements positioned'from a portion of the interior of said casing thereby providing a chamber constituting a gas pressure chamben me'ans to separately and successively explode each gas element, each exploded gas element generating a separate charge of high pressure gas, said openable areas opened by a first explosion of the explosive in one of said gas elements and the generated high pressure gas expanding and violently blasting through said opened openings as high velocity gas streams, each successive charge of said high pressure gas violently blasting through said openings upon the successive explosions of said gas elements, said high velocity gas streams adapted to react against external media in a manner to produce successive translatory movements of said candle.

27. A repeating gas candle or grenade comprising a casing, a restricted openable areas in said casing adapted when opened to provide vents, a plurality of gas-generating elements in said casing, said elements positioned to provide a gas pressure chamber between said elements and the interior of said casing, each of said elements containing a charge of explosive and a charge of gas-chemicals in operative relation thereto, a plurality of time fuzes arranged to be ignited and explode the explosives and volatilize the gas chemicals in successive elements at successive intervals, the separate and successive volumes of volatilized gas-chemicals and the explosive material gases accumulating in said gas pressure chamber as volumes of intensely high pressure gas, said high pressure gas bursting through said openable areas and discharging as violent blasts of high pressure gas streams, said gas streams reacting against external media in a manner to produce successive translatory movements of said candle.

23. A repeating gas candle or grenade comprising a casing, said casing provided with restricted cpenable areas adapted to be opened by an explosion within said casing, a plurality of gas elements in said casing and positioned to provide a gas pressure chamber between said elemerits and the interior of said casing, each of said elements containing efiective charges of explosivesand of gas-chemicals in operative relation to each other, means to separately and successively explode each explosive charge and thereby separately and successively volatilize each charge of gas-chemicals in said gas elements, said openable areas opened by a first explosion of one of said elements and thereby providing vents for the gas generated by the volatilized gas-chemicals, said generated gas being under high pressure and violently blasting through said opened areas and issuing as high velocity gas streams, the gases from each remaining separately exploded gas element consisting of high pressure gas charges and expanding and blasting through said opened areas as successive spaced violent high velocity blasts of gas streams, said gas streams reacting against external media in a manner to produce successive translatory movements of said candle.

BYRON C. GOSS.

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