RU2661497C1 - Cassette shot of non-lethal effect - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to under-barrel rifle grenades of the complex effect of functional equipment elements formed in a cassette, mainly light-sound and tear-leaking non-lethal effects on groups of people who violate law and order, unauthorized gatherings, rallies and demonstrations. Shot of non-lethal action includes autonomous functional elements containing a bulk active substance and a means of its dispersion in the composition of a sequential detonator, a temporary moderator and a disk heater, which are placed inside a cylindrical body, connected solely with the shank diameter under the grenade launcher pre-chamber, where in diaphragm with the outlets there is an axial primer-igniter placed in the propellant powder charge. New thing is that functional elements having a sector profile are interfaced with a cylindrical body, forming a central longitudinal channel, and are grouped into two tiers in the opposite direction of their circular pyro-heaters into transverse expansion chamber communicating with the ignition-knockout charge of the shank via a central channel, which is blocked under the upper tier by a plug provided with a disk guide tilted to periphery, while functional elements are pressed against the shank through the stop cover by the rolled petals of the open end of the body.

EFFECT: technical result is to increase effectiveness of the ammunition.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to munitions that disintegrate in flight, and more particularly, to under-barrel rifle grenades of the complex effect of the functional elements of the equipment formed in the cartridge, mainly light-sound and tear non-lethal actions on groups of people who violate law and order, unauthorized gatherings, rallies and demonstrations.

The level of this technical field is characterized by a complex-action hand-held cluster grenade described in patent RU 2463545 C2, F42B 8/26, F42B 12/36, 2010, which contains elements with a functional pyrotechnic filling placed in a polymer case to create a complex light-sound and irritating effect.

Detonators of functional elements packaged in a coaxial thin-walled case equipped with longitudinal corrugations that attenuate the cross-section are connected via pyrotechnic moderators with an initiating charge triggered by an igniter of a safety-starting device equipped with a pull-out pin and a spring-loaded striker initiating an ammunition fire chain.

The peculiarity of this grenade is that detonators of functional elements with bulk equipment of irritating action are additionally equipped with reinforcing detonating tablets for dispersing it into the atmosphere.

The block of functional elements adjoins the end of the damping gasket, which is installed with a relatively easy-to-detachable cover to form during operation, under the action of the generated gaseous products of combustion, the free volume - the prechamber under the ignition-bursting charge, where hot gaseous products of combustion accumulate to simultaneously initiate igniter drafts of all elements .

The disadvantage of the non-lethal action grenade design described above is the result of manual cocking and putting into operation, requiring the participation of both hands of a fighter and distracting operational attention in extreme conditions of use.

In addition, the hand grenade has a small amount of functional filling of the elements, which requires to disperse the crowd of offenders throwing several grenades in a limited time.

The noted shortcomings were eliminated in a practical shot for a grenade launcher according to the patent RU 2531642 C1, F42B 8/00, 12, 2013, intended for study, training and teaching personnel of the aircraft to shoot from a grenade launcher.

The specified practical shot contains a mass-scale prototype of a head fuse mounted in a conical adapter of a thin-walled body equipped with a compensating inert sleeve and rigidly connected to a shank, in the bottom of which there is a powder charge initiated by an axial igniter of a diaphragm having exit holes and pyrotechnic equipment the end of which is fixed a layer of igniter composition, including a powder of metallic fuel.

The propellant powder charge of the shank is communicated through the pyroheater with a signal pyrotechnic checker mounted in the open chamber of the casing liner.

When a propellant propellant charge is fired by a thermal pulse, end burning of the signal bomb is initiated, which with colored smoke denotes the flight path of the shot and the place of its fall, which allows you to adjust the shooting to gain practical skills.

The disadvantage of this practical shot is the low filling ratio due to the large mass-size ballast of the inert liner, the layout of the standard fuse and the conical adapter of its fastening in the case.

When the case of the above-described block of autonomous elements filled with functional equipment of tear and light-sound action (an independent sign of a technical solution) is installed in the camera’s body, an under-barrel grenade cassette is formed, the body of which is closed with an easily removable cover from the open end.

This cartridge shot from known structural parts for a grenade launcher, by its technical nature and the number of matching features, is the closest analogue to the proposed cartridge shot.

The heat pulse of the triggered propellant powder charge of the shank, reinforced by the pyroheater, initiates a common ignition-blow charge, the energy of which ignites all the ignition pieces of the functional element from the open end, the fire chain of each of which acts according to the above, despite the fact that the block of autonomous elements is expelled by the pressure of the powder propellant gases from the case into the atmosphere, where the executive detonators dispersing powder equipment are blown up.

A disadvantage of the known cluster shot of non-lethal action is the unsatisfactory intended action due to the low content of active substances in the limited size of the regular ammunition shell.

The technical problem to which the present invention is directed is to increase the effectiveness of the ammunition for its intended purpose and its functional reliability.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known cluster shot of non-lethal action, including stand-alone functional elements containing bulk active substance and a means of dispersing it as part of successive detonators, checkers of temporary deceleration and a disk pyroheater, which are placed inside a cylindrical body monolithically connected with a shank with a diameter under the pre-chamber grenade launcher, where an axial igniter capsule is installed in the diaphragm with outlet openings, functional elements in the propellant powder charge, according to the invention, having a sector profile are paired with a cylindrical body, forming a central longitudinal channel, and are grouped in two tiers in the opposite direction of their disk pyroheaters into a transverse expansion chamber communicating with the ignition-expansion charge of the shank through the central channel, which is blocked under the upper tier by a plug provided with a disk guide inclined to the periphery, while the functional elements izhaty to the shank through the thrust cover seamed petals open end of the housing.

Another feature of the invention is that a cumulative recess is made at the output of the checker of the temporary moderator, filled with a pyrotechnic composition of an adjacent ignition-blast charge, which is separated from the two-tier package of functional elements by the receiver.

Distinctive features of the proposed technical solution provided an increase in the effectiveness of the ammunition due to a multiple increase in the volumetric mass of its functional equipment, in parallel-sequential interaction of the structural components of the cluster shot, which prevent malfunctions in a given sequence of their automatic action, thereby ensuring the formation of a complex gas-aerosol formation in the atmosphere on the senses of offenders, temporarily depriving them of space Twain orientation and stopping effect exerting sufficient to neutralize aggressive behavior.

The execution of autonomous functional elements in the cross section in the form of sectors conjugated during assembly with the housing chamber, firstly, forms a central fire transfer channel for the relationship of the propellant powder charge of the shank with the ignition blocks of the element block distributed in the volume of the housing, and secondly, it increases the volume of acting equipment substances.

The location of the functional elements in the two tiers with open ends facing each other, towards the common expansion chamber, which communicates with the ignition-blow charge of the shank through the central channel, made it possible to simultaneously initiate their ignition pieces from one heat pulse of the ignition-blow charge.

The installation in the central channel under the upper tier of the functional elements of the plug provided a transverse rotation of the heat flux from the shank along the inclined to the periphery of the disk guide into the expansion chamber between the tiers of the packaging of functional elements, to their open ends, where the fire chain pyroheaters are located, initiating executive detonators for dispersing bulk equipment .

The geometric closure of the packaging of functional elements grouped in two tiers, by rolling the petals of the open end of the housing onto the stop cover, provided them with a force clamp to the shank with the formation of a monolithic product for storage, official handling and target shooting.

The cumulative recess on the upper end of the pyrotechnic block of temporary deceleration, which is filled with the pyrotechnic composition of the adjacent ignition-blast charge, enhances the generated heat pulse in the form of a long-focus pestle, which includes hot gaseous products of combustion in which the heated particles of the structural metal powder are distributed to ensure guaranteed and efficient use all functional elements at once.

The formation between the ignition-blast charge of the shank and the bunk packaging of the receiver's functional elements is dictated by the need to inform the latter when firing the longitudinal extrusion acceleration relative to the stationary body and to create a highly dynamic fire flow that triggers the operation of the functional elements.

Therefore, each essential feature is necessary, and their combination is sufficient to achieve the novelty of quality that is not inherent in the signs of disunity, that is, the technical problem posed in the invention is not solved by the sum of the effects, but by a new super-effect of the sum of the attributes.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which have a purely illustrative purpose and do not limit the scope of the claims of the formula, where indicated: in FIG. 1 - general view of a grenade, longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 is a section along BB in FIG. one; in FIG. 4 - an element of light-sound action; in FIG. 5 - an element of tear action.

A shot to a grenade launcher of a complex non-lethal action, in particular light-sound and annoying-tear, includes a cylindrical body 1 (Fig. 1), carrying two tiers of functional elements 2 oriented opposite each other during assembly in the case 1 so that their disk pyroheaters 3 communicate with a transverse expansion chamber 4, which is formed by an annular jumper 5.

Functional elements 2 are made in cross section in the form of sectors (Fig. 3) adjacent to each other, filling the volume of the housing 1 with the formation of a central channel 6 between them.

The housing 1 is rigidly connected with the shank 7 (Fig. 1) by means of O-rings 8 made of anaerobic sealant filling the grooves 9 of the landing surface of the shank 7, which is equipped with an extractor groove 10 for holding the shot in the barrel with a spring stopper.

The shank 7 contains an igniter capsule 11, mounted in the diaphragm 12 with outlet openings 13 and located in the propellant powder charge 14, which, through the throttle channel 15 in the plug 16, communicates with the pyrotechnic checker 17 for temporary deceleration associated with the adjacent igniter-blow charge 18.

End combustion checker 17 at the outlet is made with a cumulative recess 19, filled with a pyrotechnic composition of the charge 18, which is separated from the packaging of functional elements 2 by the receiver 20.

Charge 18 includes a powder of a combustible metal (aluminum, magnesium), which during combustion forms a red-hot condensed phase in gaseous products of combustion as distributed sources of ignition of the equipment of elements 2.

On the functional elements 2 of the upper tier, a jumper 21 is laid under the thrust cover 22, pressed by the rolled petals 23 (Figs. 1 and 2) of the open end of the housing 1 to the shank 7, forming an autonomous under-barrel grenade, which is equipped with various functional elements 2 for their purpose and action.

Functional elements 2 (Figs. 4 and 5) are an autonomous product having inside a central shell 24, mounted on a cross member 25 in a monolith.

In the volume between the end plug 26 and the cross member 25 of the functional elements 2 of the lower tier according to the drawing (Fig. 4), bulk equipment 27 is placed — a mixture of light-sound action during combustion.

Inside the central shell 24, a thermal detonator 28 is installed, resting on a pyrotechnic checker 29 for temporary deceleration, which are fixed by means of a threaded nut 30 made in the form of a diaphragm with an axial hole 31, which is installed from the open end of the elements 2.

The upper tier of the functional elements 2 (Fig. 5) of the grenade is made with bulk equipment 32 from a pyrotechnic composition of tear action.

In this functional element 2, bulk equipment 32, in contrast to the energy-containing photo mixture 27 on the lower tier (Fig. 4), does not develop a sufficient force impulse for its destruction when burning, therefore, the thermal detonator 28 is supplemented with an explosive charge 33 that disperses the surrounding equipment 32.

In the central channel 6 of the upper tier of the functional elements 2 (Fig. 1) from the side of the chamber 4, a plug 34 is installed with a disk guide 35 inclined to the periphery.

The cassette grenade for a grenade launcher operates as follows.

When the trigger of the weapon is hit, the firing pin strikes the igniter 11, which triggers the propellant powder charge 14, the resulting gaseous combustion products of which pass through the outlet 13 of the diaphragm 12 into the chamber of the weapon, where the pressure rises sharply.

At the same time, hot powder gases through the throttle channel 15 of the plug 16 with a sharply directed force are fed to the checker 17, igniting its pyrotechnic composition, which burns with the set deceleration time necessary to exit with linear acceleration of the shot from the gun barrel, which occurs under pressure in its prechamber when the spring stop is out of geometric engagement with the groove 10, freeing the shank 7.

Then the funnel 19 at the upper end of the dying charge 17 collapses, igniting the pyrotechnic composition of the ignition-blow charge 18 filling it.

Moreover, under the action of the developed pressure of the gaseous products generated from the combustion of the charge 18 filling the receiver 20, the two-tiered packaging of the elements 2 is squeezed out of the housing 1 until complete separation.

Forced movement of the cover 22 unbend the petals 23 at the end of the housing 1, freeing the passage for the grouped elements 2.

At this time, the flow of gaseous products of combustion of the charge 18, in which the heated metal particles are distributed, propagates through the central channel 6 to the plug 34, where they unfold along its inclined disk guide 35 and move into the transverse expansion chamber 4, filling it and penetrating further through the openings 31 threaded nuts 30 of the elements 2 of both tiers to their pyroheaters 3, which ignite and form an amplified heat pulse.

The adjacent pyrotechnic moderators 29 are initiated by the thermal energy of the burning pyroheaters 3, the burning time of which is calculated so that the elements 2 of both tiers are guaranteed to leave the building 1 and disperse in space.

The free stream of air that enters the central channel 6, the elements 2 of the upper tier are deployed and fly autonomously, freeing the plug 34, as a result of which the elements 2 of the lower tier are likewise scattered forward and cross, occupying a noticeably larger space.

When the pyrotechnic checker 29 is burned out in the elements 2 of the lower tier, the thermal detonator 28 fires, breaking the inner shell 24, igniting and dispersing the powdery mixture 27, which instantly burns, forming a bright - (5-7) ⋅10 ¹⁰ cd light flash, accompanied by a pulsed popping sound pressure up to 145 dB.

Almost instantly, when the thermal detonator 28 is triggered, the explosive of the charge 33 of the functional elements 2 of the upper tier detonates, as a result of which the shell 24 is destroyed by the shock and detonation waves and the tear-filled bulk equipment 32 is dispersed into space.

The total light and sound and irritating effects created by the firing of a cluster shot organoleptically affect offenders, depriving them of spatial orientation, and lead them to temporary confusion, which is enough to capture and neutralize threats.

Comparison of the proposed technical solution with the closest prior art analogues did not reveal an identical match of the totality of the essential features of the invention.

The proposed differences of the cluster shot, which do not directly follow from the statement of the technical problem, are not obvious to a specialist in pyrotechnic means of non-lethal action.

The manufacture of cluster shots for firing from grenade launchers is possible at the existing pyrotechnic production in series.

From the foregoing, we can conclude that the invention meets the conditions of patentability.

Claims (2)

1. Non-lethal cassette shot, including autonomous functional elements containing bulk active substance and a means of dispersing it as part of a serial detonator, temporary deceleration checkers and disk pyroheater, which are placed inside a cylindrical body, monolithically connected with a shank with a diameter under the grenade launcher chamber, where in the diaphragm with outlet openings there is an axial igniter capsule placed in a propellant powder charge, characterized in that channel elements having a sector profile are interfaced with a cylindrical body, forming a central longitudinal channel, and are grouped in two tiers with the opposite direction of their disk pyroheaters into a transverse expansion chamber, communicating with the ignition-discharge charge of the shank through the central channel, which is closed under the upper tier by a plug equipped with a disk guide inclined to the periphery, while the functional elements are pressed to the shank through a thrust cover by a sealed petal ami open end of the housing. 2. A shot according to claim 1, characterized in that a cumulative recess is made at the output of the checker of the temporary moderator, filled with a pyrotechnic composition of an adjacent ignition-blow charge, which is separated from the two-tier package of functional elements by the receiver.

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