US1984164A - Process and apparatus for purifying air vitiated with mercury vapors - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for purifying air vitiated with mercury vapors Download PDF

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Publication number
US1984164A
US1984164A US619518A US61951832A US1984164A US 1984164 A US1984164 A US 1984164A US 619518 A US619518 A US 619518A US 61951832 A US61951832 A US 61951832A US 1984164 A US1984164 A US 1984164A
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mercury
vapors
purifying air
vitiated
mercury vapors
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US619518A
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Stock Alfred
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DEGEA AG
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DEGEA AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury

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  • the present invention has for its object to purify air vitiated mercury vapors and to render them harmless to breathing. It has already been suggested to employ active carbon as a means of protection against the effects of mercury vapors, and it was further recommended to use cotton-wool coated with colloidal gold as a vprotective.
  • a layer of a protective agent of the character indicated above having a thickness of one centimetre, only such traces of mercury will pass, which come near the lowest limit of demonstra bility, when using the most modern analyzing. 'methods to detect the presence of such slightest traces of mercury vapor. Besides, the cracks or fissures in the floor-boards may be filled with the protective agent, so that even in this instance the danger of becoming poisoned through concealed little drops of mercury is prevented.
  • active carbon I may employ silica gel or metal gels as the adsorption agent'impregnated with a halogen.
  • a protective agent of the character set forth above would be used as a filler for filters of breathing apparatus, and when air vitiated with mercury vapors is breathed through such an apparatus, it would be purified effectively so as to avoid the deleterious effects of such vapors.
  • a breathing apparatus for use in air vitiated with mercury vapors having a filter filled with a purifying substance consisting of an adsorption agent having a large superficial area and impregnated with a halogen.

Description

Patented Dec. 1 1, 1934 PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING AIR VITIATED WITH MERCURY VAPORS Alfred Stock, Karlsruhe, Germany, assignor to Degea Aktiengesellschaft (Auergcsellschaft), Berlin, Germany, a corporation of Germany No Drawing. Application June 2'7, 1932, Serial No. 619,518. In Germany June 30, 1931 5 Claims.
It is well-known that the slightest quantities of mercury vapor contained in the air, will be sufficient to cause heavy and chronic illness. For instance, open mercury surfaces exposed in closed 5 rooms, as such are always present in "scientifical and technical laboratories, willconstitute a great danger to persons compelled to work in such rooms, since the mercury will setfree comparatively great quantities of. vapor into the atmosphere even at normal temperatures. The danger is still enhanced, if heated mercuryor mercury vapors are concerned, which latteras is wellknown-are utilized of late for the operation of hardly be possible to remove it in most instances.
I This danger is the severest, since in most cases the source of danger is unknown to those working in such locality.
The present invention has for its object to purify air vitiated mercury vapors and to render them harmless to breathing. It has already been suggested to employ active carbon as a means of protection against the effects of mercury vapors, and it was further recommended to use cotton-wool coated with colloidal gold as a vprotective.
According to the invention it was found that in the process of purifying air vitiated with mercury, vapors, adsorption agents which are impregnated with a halogen will constitute a protective agent which is incomparably. superior to any of the above mentioned protectives. Forinstance, active carbon impregnated with iodine will surpass the protective action of non-impregnated actlve carbon about ten times. The substances having large superficialarea will adsorb the mercury vapors and the adsorbed mercury is fixedly bound inthe form of mercury halogenid within for distribution to form a film or cover over open mercury surfaces, as such are unavoidable in scientific and technical laboratories. Through a layer of a protective agent of the character indicated above, having a thickness of one centimetre, only such traces of mercury will pass, which come near the lowest limit of demonstra bility, when using the most modern analyzing. 'methods to detect the presence of such slightest traces of mercury vapor. Besides, the cracks or fissures in the floor-boards may be filled with the protective agent, so that even in this instance the danger of becoming poisoned through concealed little drops of mercury is prevented. Instead of active carbon, I may employ silica gel or metal gels as the adsorption agent'impregnated with a halogen.
According to another example of carrying out my improved process, a protective agent of the character set forth above would be used as a filler for filters of breathing apparatus, and when air vitiated with mercury vapors is breathed through such an apparatus, it would be purified effectively so as to avoid the deleterious effects of such vapors.
I claim:
1. The process of purifying air vitiated with mercury vapors, which consists in removing said vapors by means of an adsorption agent impregnated with a halogen.
2. The process of purifying air vitiated with mercury vapors, which consists in removing said vapors by means of active carbon impregnated with a halogen.
3. The process of purifying air vitiated with mercury vapors, which consists in removing said vapors by means of silica gel impregnated with a halogen.
4. The process of purifying air vitiated with mercury vapors, which consists in removing said vapors by means of a metal gel impregnated with a halogen.
5. A breathing apparatus for use in air vitiated with mercury vapors, having a filter filled with a purifying substance consisting of an adsorption agent having a large superficial area and impregnated with a halogen.
ALFRED STOCK.
US619518A 1931-06-30 1932-06-27 Process and apparatus for purifying air vitiated with mercury vapors Expired - Lifetime US1984164A (en)

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Cited By (65)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2756247A (en) * 1949-01-21 1956-07-24 Union Oil Co Process for chemical reaction in the adsorbed phase of solid adsorbents
US2756127A (en) * 1952-06-30 1956-07-24 Union Oil Co Chemical oxidation process in the adsorbed phase
US2785767A (en) * 1953-02-25 1957-03-19 Acme Prot Equipment Company Recovery and filtering apparatus and method
US3057687A (en) * 1961-02-08 1962-10-09 Union Carbide Corp Carbonizing process
US3194629A (en) * 1962-02-23 1965-07-13 Pittsburgh Activated Carbon Co Method of removing mercury vapor from gases
US3647359A (en) * 1968-09-21 1972-03-07 Bp Chem Int Ltd Recovery of mercury
US3662523A (en) * 1970-12-15 1972-05-16 American Optical Corp Adsorbents for removal of mercury vapor from air or gas
US3725530A (en) * 1970-06-23 1973-04-03 Showa Denko Kk Method of removing mercury vapor from gases
US3755989A (en) * 1972-06-16 1973-09-04 Union Carbide Corp Removal of mercury from gas streams
US3956458A (en) * 1973-11-16 1976-05-11 Paul Brent Anderson Method and apparatus for air purification
US3981967A (en) * 1970-11-04 1976-09-21 Chemische Werke Huls Aktiengesellschaft Process for the recovery of bound mercury from mercury-containing catalysts
US4091084A (en) * 1975-07-01 1978-05-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Purification of HgI2 for nuclear detector fabrication
EP0289809A1 (en) * 1987-05-05 1988-11-09 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Process for removal of mercury and organic substances from flue gases of a combustion unit
DE4422661A1 (en) * 1994-06-28 1996-01-04 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Continuous removal of mercury from flue gases to a prescribed level
WO2001023072A1 (en) * 1999-09-29 2001-04-05 Merck & Co., Inc. Adsorption powder for removing mercury from high temperature, high moisture gas streams
WO2001095997A1 (en) * 2000-06-09 2001-12-20 Merck & Co., Inc. Adsorption powder for removing mercury from high temperature, high moisture gas streams
WO2003006140A1 (en) * 1999-09-29 2003-01-23 Merck & Co., Inc. Carbon-based adsorption powder containing cupric chloride
US6524371B2 (en) * 1999-09-29 2003-02-25 Merck & Co., Inc. Process for adsorption of mercury from gaseous streams
US6533842B1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2003-03-18 Merck & Co., Inc. Adsorption powder for removing mercury from high temperature, high moisture gas streams
US20030076776A1 (en) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-24 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Disc cartridge, optical disk device, and method for information recording and reproducing
US6558642B2 (en) * 2001-03-29 2003-05-06 Merck & Co., Inc. Method of adsorbing metals and organic compounds from vaporous streams
US6589318B2 (en) * 1999-09-29 2003-07-08 Merck & Co., Inc. Adsorption powder for removing mercury from high temperature, high moisture gas streams
US6638347B2 (en) * 1999-09-29 2003-10-28 Merck & Co., Inc. Carbon-based adsorption powder containing cupric chloride
US20030206843A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2003-11-06 Nelson Sidney G. Methods and compositions to sequester combustion-gas mercury in fly ash and concrete
EP1570894A1 (en) * 2004-01-06 2005-09-07 General Electric Company Method and system for removal of mercury emissions from coal combustion
US20060048646A1 (en) * 2004-08-30 2006-03-09 Energy & Environmental Research Center Foundation Sorbents for the oxidation and removal of mercury
US20060204418A1 (en) * 2005-03-14 2006-09-14 Chien-Chung Chao Catalytic adsorbents for mercury removal from flue gas and methods of manufacture therefor
US20060204430A1 (en) * 2005-03-14 2006-09-14 Bool Lawrence E Iii Production of activated char using hot gas
US20070167309A1 (en) * 2003-04-23 2007-07-19 Olson Edwin S Process for regenerating a spent sorbent
WO2007112248A2 (en) * 2006-03-29 2007-10-04 Calgon Carbon Corporation Method for mercury removal from flue gas streams
US7507083B2 (en) 2005-03-17 2009-03-24 Douglas C Comrie Reducing mercury emissions from the burning of coal
US20090297413A1 (en) * 2004-08-30 2009-12-03 Energy & Environmental Research Center Foundation Sorbents for the oxidation and removal of mercury
US7758827B2 (en) 2005-03-17 2010-07-20 Nox Ii, Ltd. Reducing mercury emissions from the burning of coal
US20110053100A1 (en) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-03 Sinha Rabindra K Composition and Method for Reducing Mercury Emitted into the Atmosphere
US8057576B1 (en) 2008-06-10 2011-11-15 Calgon Carbon Corporation Enhanced adsorbents and methods for mercury removal
US8124036B1 (en) 2005-10-27 2012-02-28 ADA-ES, Inc. Additives for mercury oxidation in coal-fired power plants
US8150776B2 (en) 2006-01-18 2012-04-03 Nox Ii, Ltd. Methods of operating a coal burning facility
US8372362B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2013-02-12 ADA-ES, Inc. Method and system for controlling mercury emissions from coal-fired thermal processes
US8383071B2 (en) 2010-03-10 2013-02-26 Ada Environmental Solutions, Llc Process for dilute phase injection of dry alkaline materials
US8496894B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2013-07-30 ADA-ES, Inc. Method and system for controlling mercury emissions from coal-fired thermal processes
US8524179B2 (en) 2010-10-25 2013-09-03 ADA-ES, Inc. Hot-side method and system
US8574324B2 (en) 2004-06-28 2013-11-05 Nox Ii, Ltd. Reducing sulfur gas emissions resulting from the burning of carbonaceous fuels
US20140004262A1 (en) * 2010-09-03 2014-01-02 Cabot Norti Americas, Inc. Methods and apparatuses for dilute phase impregnation of a milled sorbent with a chemical compound in an aqueous solution
US8784757B2 (en) 2010-03-10 2014-07-22 ADA-ES, Inc. Air treatment process for dilute phase injection of dry alkaline materials
US8871007B2 (en) 2010-05-04 2014-10-28 Albemarle Corporation Reduction of mercury emissions from cement plants
US8883099B2 (en) 2012-04-11 2014-11-11 ADA-ES, Inc. Control of wet scrubber oxidation inhibitor and byproduct recovery
US8900346B2 (en) 2009-04-01 2014-12-02 Albemarle Corporation Self-ignition resistant thermally-activated carbon
US8951487B2 (en) 2010-10-25 2015-02-10 ADA-ES, Inc. Hot-side method and system
US8961654B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2015-02-24 Albemarle Corporation Reduction of mercury emissions from cement plants
US8974756B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2015-03-10 ADA-ES, Inc. Process to enhance mixing of dry sorbents and flue gas for air pollution control
US9017452B2 (en) 2011-11-14 2015-04-28 ADA-ES, Inc. System and method for dense phase sorbent injection
US9308518B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2016-04-12 Calgon Carbon Corporation Enhanced sorbent formulation for removal of mercury from flue gas
US9662629B2 (en) 2012-04-23 2017-05-30 Energy & Environmental Research Center Foundation Carbon nanocomposite sorbent and methods of using the same for separation of one or more materials from a gas stream
US9669355B2 (en) 2013-03-06 2017-06-06 Energy & Environmental Research Center Foundation Activated carbon sorbent including nitrogen and methods of using the same
US10130930B2 (en) 2013-03-06 2018-11-20 Midwest Energy Emissions Corp Sorbent comprising carbon and nitrogen and methods of using the same
US10220369B2 (en) 2015-08-11 2019-03-05 Calgon Carbon Corporation Enhanced sorbent formulation for removal of mercury from flue gas
US10343114B2 (en) 2004-08-30 2019-07-09 Midwest Energy Emissions Corp Sorbents for the oxidation and removal of mercury
US10350545B2 (en) 2014-11-25 2019-07-16 ADA-ES, Inc. Low pressure drop static mixing system
US10465137B2 (en) 2011-05-13 2019-11-05 Ada Es, Inc. Process to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides and mercury from coal-fired boilers
US10589292B2 (en) 2013-08-16 2020-03-17 ADA-ES, Inc. Method to reduce mercury, acid gas, and particulate emissions
US10767130B2 (en) 2012-08-10 2020-09-08 ADA-ES, Inc. Method and additive for controlling nitrogen oxide emissions
US10828596B2 (en) 2003-04-23 2020-11-10 Midwest Energy Emissions Corp. Promoted ammonium salt-protected activated carbon sorbent particles for removal of mercury from gas streams
US11179673B2 (en) 2003-04-23 2021-11-23 Midwwest Energy Emission Corp. Sorbents for the oxidation and removal of mercury
US11298657B2 (en) 2010-10-25 2022-04-12 ADA-ES, Inc. Hot-side method and system
US11857942B2 (en) 2012-06-11 2024-01-02 Calgon Carbon Corporation Sorbents for removal of mercury

Cited By (140)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2756247A (en) * 1949-01-21 1956-07-24 Union Oil Co Process for chemical reaction in the adsorbed phase of solid adsorbents
US2756127A (en) * 1952-06-30 1956-07-24 Union Oil Co Chemical oxidation process in the adsorbed phase
US2785767A (en) * 1953-02-25 1957-03-19 Acme Prot Equipment Company Recovery and filtering apparatus and method
US3057687A (en) * 1961-02-08 1962-10-09 Union Carbide Corp Carbonizing process
US3194629A (en) * 1962-02-23 1965-07-13 Pittsburgh Activated Carbon Co Method of removing mercury vapor from gases
US3647359A (en) * 1968-09-21 1972-03-07 Bp Chem Int Ltd Recovery of mercury
US3725530A (en) * 1970-06-23 1973-04-03 Showa Denko Kk Method of removing mercury vapor from gases
US3981967A (en) * 1970-11-04 1976-09-21 Chemische Werke Huls Aktiengesellschaft Process for the recovery of bound mercury from mercury-containing catalysts
US3662523A (en) * 1970-12-15 1972-05-16 American Optical Corp Adsorbents for removal of mercury vapor from air or gas
US3755989A (en) * 1972-06-16 1973-09-04 Union Carbide Corp Removal of mercury from gas streams
US3956458A (en) * 1973-11-16 1976-05-11 Paul Brent Anderson Method and apparatus for air purification
US4091084A (en) * 1975-07-01 1978-05-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Purification of HgI2 for nuclear detector fabrication
EP0289809A1 (en) * 1987-05-05 1988-11-09 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Process for removal of mercury and organic substances from flue gases of a combustion unit
DE4422661A1 (en) * 1994-06-28 1996-01-04 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Continuous removal of mercury from flue gases to a prescribed level
WO2001023072A1 (en) * 1999-09-29 2001-04-05 Merck & Co., Inc. Adsorption powder for removing mercury from high temperature, high moisture gas streams
US6589318B2 (en) * 1999-09-29 2003-07-08 Merck & Co., Inc. Adsorption powder for removing mercury from high temperature, high moisture gas streams
WO2003006140A1 (en) * 1999-09-29 2003-01-23 Merck & Co., Inc. Carbon-based adsorption powder containing cupric chloride
US6524371B2 (en) * 1999-09-29 2003-02-25 Merck & Co., Inc. Process for adsorption of mercury from gaseous streams
US6638347B2 (en) * 1999-09-29 2003-10-28 Merck & Co., Inc. Carbon-based adsorption powder containing cupric chloride
US6533842B1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2003-03-18 Merck & Co., Inc. Adsorption powder for removing mercury from high temperature, high moisture gas streams
US6582497B1 (en) * 2000-06-09 2003-06-24 Merck & Co., Inc. Adsorption power for removing mercury from high temperature high moisture gas streams
WO2001095997A1 (en) * 2000-06-09 2001-12-20 Merck & Co., Inc. Adsorption powder for removing mercury from high temperature, high moisture gas streams
US6558642B2 (en) * 2001-03-29 2003-05-06 Merck & Co., Inc. Method of adsorbing metals and organic compounds from vaporous streams
US20030076776A1 (en) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-24 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Disc cartridge, optical disk device, and method for information recording and reproducing
US6953494B2 (en) 2002-05-06 2005-10-11 Nelson Jr Sidney G Sorbents and methods for the removal of mercury from combustion gases
US20030206843A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2003-11-06 Nelson Sidney G. Methods and compositions to sequester combustion-gas mercury in fly ash and concrete
US20040003716A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2004-01-08 Nelson Sidney G. Sorbents and methods for the removal of mercury from combustion gases
US11806665B2 (en) 2003-04-23 2023-11-07 Midwwest Energy Emissions Corp. Sorbents for the oxidation and removal of mercury
US8440585B2 (en) 2003-04-23 2013-05-14 Energy & Environmental Research Center Foundation Process for regenerating a spent sorbent
US20070167309A1 (en) * 2003-04-23 2007-07-19 Olson Edwin S Process for regenerating a spent sorbent
US10828596B2 (en) 2003-04-23 2020-11-10 Midwest Energy Emissions Corp. Promoted ammonium salt-protected activated carbon sorbent particles for removal of mercury from gas streams
US11179673B2 (en) 2003-04-23 2021-11-23 Midwwest Energy Emission Corp. Sorbents for the oxidation and removal of mercury
US8173566B2 (en) 2003-04-23 2012-05-08 Energy & Environmental Research Center Foundation Process for regenerating a spent sorbent
EP1570894A1 (en) * 2004-01-06 2005-09-07 General Electric Company Method and system for removal of mercury emissions from coal combustion
US8574324B2 (en) 2004-06-28 2013-11-05 Nox Ii, Ltd. Reducing sulfur gas emissions resulting from the burning of carbonaceous fuels
US9133408B2 (en) 2004-06-28 2015-09-15 Nox Ii, Ltd. Reducing sulfur gas emissions resulting from the burning of carbonaceous fuels
US10589225B2 (en) 2004-08-30 2020-03-17 Midwest Energy Emissions Corp. Sorbents for the oxidation and removal of mercury
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US8900346B2 (en) 2009-04-01 2014-12-02 Albemarle Corporation Self-ignition resistant thermally-activated carbon
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