TWM612939U - Finger-wearing physiological detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

This creation is related to a finger-wearing physiological detection device, including an adjustable finger-wearing structure, a control unit, at least one physiological sensing element, and a wireless transmission module, wherein the adjustable finger-wearing structure has a first free end and A second free end, and according to the different coupling positions of the first free end and the second free end, ring bodies of different sizes can be formed, which can adapt to different finger sizes.

Description

Finger-wearing physiological detection device

This creation is related to a finger-worn physiological detection device, in particular, to a finger-worn physiological detection device that can adjust the size of the finger-worn structure.

The blood physiological information obtained from the finger can be used to understand many physiological conditions of the human body, such as blood oxygen concentration, heart rate, etc., and is commonly used in many physiological monitoring equipment, such as patient monitoring, multiple sleep physiological examinations (PSG), sleep Screening for respiratory arrest, and many wearable physiological health monitoring devices.

The main problem of today's finger-worn light sensing device is how to fix it, and how to make the user feel comfortable and obtain stable signal quality when worn for a long time. The most common type of probe used in conventional finger-worn light sensing devices is the clip-on probe shown in Figure 1A-1B, which uses mechanical clamping force or elasticity to fix the probe to the fingertip. The fixing force is to ensure the contact between the light sensor and the fingertip skin. After long-term use, it is easy to cause the fingertip blood to not circulate. Even if a soft and elastic part is provided inside the finger clip, this situation can only be used Part of the improvement, coupled with the placement of the fingertips, it is easier to fall off due to hand movements, so it is usually used for short-term measurements.

Another light sensor probe is the ring type probe described in CN106236106A, which uses elastic materials to form a ring to provide fingers and parts of different thicknesses, and also makes a part of the ring thinner. Achieve the effect of maintaining the ring to exert force on fingers of different thicknesses. Although this design has greatly improved the shortcomings of the conventional clip-on probe, there is still room for improvement. For example, in order to adapt to fingers of different thicknesses, the ring has reserved space, so there is a concern that the setting stability is insufficient and easy to loosen. In addition, the setting position of the signal generating sensor and signal receiving sensor is easy to be affected by the thickness of the finger. It is difficult to ensure that the contact between the sensor and the skin can reach the ideal state when changing the position for each measurement, so there is also uncertainty in the measurement.

Another is the ring-type physiological information monitoring device described in CN100518630C. Figures 1-11 in the text reveal that in addition to the adjustable length of the elastic finger support band, it is also used to set the light-emitting device and the receiving device, and the hidden concerns of such a setting method However, when the length is adjusted through the support belt, the setting stability of the light-emitting device and/or the receiving device will be affected. For example, when the elastic belt is stretched and deformed, the light-emitting/receiving device on it and the finger will be affected. Contact is affected, resulting in unstable signal quality.

Therefore, there is indeed a need for a finger-worn physiological device that not only retains the advantages of the conventional technology, but also improves the lack thereof.

The purpose of this creation is to provide a finger-worn physiological detection device, which has an adjustable finger-worn structure that can adapt to fingers of different sizes, and at the same time has a fine-tuning function, which can further adapt to the dynamically changing finger circumference over time. The carried physiological sensing element is applied with slight pressure toward the skin of the finger to achieve a balance between maximum contact stability and high-quality physiological signals.

Another purpose of this creation is to provide a finger-worn physiological detection device, which can achieve the effect of obtaining physiological information on different parts of the finger through the design of the overall structure.

Another purpose of this creation is to provide a finger-wearing physiological device and system. The finger-wearing structure is flexible and not easy to fall off. It is suitable for use during sleep and can be used for evaluation and/or improvement in accordance with the physiological signals obtained. Sleep breathing disorder.

Another purpose of this creation is to provide a finger-wearing physiological detection device, which includes an adjustable finger-wearing structure, a control unit, at least one physiological sensing element, and a wireless transmission module, wherein the adjustable finger-wearing structure has a A first free end and a second free end, and according to the first free end A free end and the second free end can be combined with different positions to form ring bodies of different sizes, which can adapt to different finger sizes.

100: shell

101: first free end

102: second free end

103: Cylinder

1031: Positioning limit

104: Positioning hole

105: Hole

201: Devil Felt

202: Devil Felt Hook Noodle

300: accommodating space

400: Flexible part

401: Combination Hole

402: Combination Cylinder

4021: Combination limit

403: Combination

500: light sensor

601: Anti-dropping parts

700: finger

701: Blood Vessel

702: phalanx

81: infrared light source

82: Red light source

83: Green light source

90, 91, 92: light detector

Figures 1A-1B show a finger-worn light sensing probe of the prior art;

Figure 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of the finger-worn physiological detection device according to this case;

3A-3B show schematic diagrams of an adjustable finger-wearing physiological detection device according to an embodiment of the present case;

Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an adjustable finger-wearing physiological detection device according to another embodiment of the present case;

Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an adjustable finger-wearing physiological detection device according to another embodiment of the present case;

Figures 6A-6H and Figures 7A-7B show possible implementations of a combination of a flexible part and an inflexible part according to a preferred embodiment of the present case;

8A-8B show the arrangement of the light sensor on the inflexible part according to the preferred embodiment of the present case;

Figures 9A-9C show schematic diagrams of implementation in which the inflexible parts are arranged on different knuckles according to the preferred embodiment of the present case;

Figure 10 shows the distribution of blood vessels in the hand;

Figures 11A-11C show schematic diagrams of the implementation of the inflexible parts arranged in different parts of the finger according to the preferred embodiment of the present case;

12A-12C show possible implementations of the light source and the light detector in the light sensor according to the preferred embodiment of the present case; and

Figure 13 shows the PPG signal and its time domain characteristics.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic circuit diagram of the finger-worn physiological detection device according to this case.

First of all, the physiological detection device according to the present invention includes at least one light sensor, which is electrically connected to a control unit and operates under the control of the control unit to obtain blood physiological information.

As shown in Figure 2, all the components in the physiological detection device are connected to the control unit, Among them, the control unit includes at least one microcontroller/microprocessor, and is preloaded with programs to control the communication between the hardware components. The control unit can achieve different hardware components and connect to the external physiological detection device of the present invention. Signal transmission between application programs/external devices, and it also allows the behavior of the device to be programmed to respond to different operating conditions, and the microcontroller/microprocessor will also use an internal timer (not shown) to generate Time stamp or time difference, or used to control operation.

In this case, a light sensor refers to a sensor that has both a light-emitting source, such as an LED, and a light detector, such as a photodiode, and as well known, it uses PPG (photoplethysmography, Optical volume change tracing chart) principle, the light emitted by the light source enters the human tissue, and the light detector will receive the light penetrating the blood in the blood vessel or reflected by the blood, and then obtain the light through the volume change caused by the blood. The blood physiological signal can be obtained, so the blood physiological signal obtained by the optical sensor is generally called the PPG signal. The PPG signal includes the fast-moving component (AC Component), which reflects the contraction of the myocardium transmitted through the artery. The pulse wave and the slow-moving component (DC Component, DC component) reflect the slower changes in tissue blood volume, such as breathing, chest and abdomen fluctuations, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve activity; in addition, through the analysis of PPG signal also Physiological information such as blood vessel hardness and blood pressure can be obtained; moreover, through physiological experiments, it is known that the PPG pulse wave can be analyzed in the frequency domain to obtain the harmonic resonance of the viscera and the heart rate, so the pulse wave can be harmonized. Wave resonance distribution is used in the diagnosis of Chinese medicine and the monitoring of human blood circulation. For example, the liver and liver meridians are related to the first harmonic of the heartbeat frequency, the kidneys and kidney meridians are related to the second harmonic of the heartbeat frequency, and the spleen and spleen meridians are related to the heartbeat. The third harmonic of the frequency is related, the fourth harmonic of the heartbeat frequency of the lungs and lungs is related, and the fifth harmonic of the heartbeat frequency of the stomach and stomachs is related.

Generally speaking, the blood physiological information that can be obtained varies according to the type and quantity of light-emitting sources and light detectors included in the light sensor. For example, the light sensor may include at least one light-emitting source For example, LED or multiple LEDs, preferably, green light/infrared light/red light, and at least one photodetector to obtain pulse rate/heart rate and breathing, chest and abdomen fluctuations, etc. Liquid physiological information; among them, when measuring pulse rate/heart rate, green light and visible light with a wavelength below green, such as blue light and white light, are currently the main light sources used for heart rate measurement, and the main emphasis is on the interpretation of the AC component. In addition, the impact of chest and abdomen undulations on blood is that when a person breathes, the pressure in the chest cavity (the so-called intrathoracic pressure) changes with each breath. Among them, the chest cavity expands when a person breathes in. The intrathoracic pressure is reduced and air is drawn into the lungs. During exhalation, the intrathoracic pressure increases and forces air out of the lungs. These changes in intrathoracic pressure will also cause the amount of blood returning to the heart through the veins and the heart beat. The change in the amount of blood entering the artery, and this part of the change can be known by analyzing the DC component of the PPG signal.

Alternatively, the light sensor may also include at least two light-emitting sources, such as multiple LEDs, preferably green/infrared light/red light, and at least one light detector to obtain the blood oxygen concentration (SPO2) Physiological information of blood, pulse rate/heart rate, and breathing chest and abdomen fluctuations, among them, when measuring blood oxygen concentration, two different wavelengths of light are required to enter the tissues, using oxygenated heme (HbO2) and non-oxygen in the blood Heme (Hb) has different absorption levels for two wavelengths of light. After receiving the transmitted and reflected light, the result of the comparison between the two can determine the blood oxygen concentration. Therefore, the measurement of blood oxygen concentration is usually for light. There are more restrictions on the location of the sensor. The position where light can actually penetrate the artery is better, such as fingers, palm inner surface, toe, sole, etc., and two different wavelengths can be, for example, red Light and infrared light, or two wavelengths of green light, such as green light with wavelengths of 560 nm and 577 nm, respectively. Therefore, a suitable light source can be selected according to requirements without limitation.

The wavelength range of the above-mentioned various light sources is that the wavelength of red light is approximately between 620nm and 750nm, the wavelength of infrared light is approximately greater than 750nm, and the wavelength of green light is approximately between 495nm and 580nm. When used for measurement, it is usually used, For example, the wavelength of red light is 660nm, the wavelength of infrared light is 895nm, 880nm, 905nm or 940nm, and the wavelength of green light is 510~560nm or 577nm. Use light sources of other wavelengths, for example, when you only want to obtain the heart rate, other visible light with a wavelength less than green light The source, that is, visible light with a wavelength of less than 580nm, such as blue light, is also one of the options, and, in addition to using a single light source of a specific wavelength, a composite light source containing the wavelength, such as white light, can also be used; When obtaining the heart rate, in order to eliminate noise, such as environmental noise, noise generated by body movements during wearing, etc., multiple light sources can also be set (and the wavelength is not limited, all can be green, or other wavelengths can be used Light source), and through the PPG signal obtained by different light sources, through digital signal processing, such as adaptive filter (Adaptive Filter) or subtraction calculations to achieve the purpose of eliminating noise, so there is no limit.

The control unit also includes at least an analog front end (AFE) circuit for obtaining physiological signals to perform, for example, analog-to-digital conversion, amplification, filtering, and various other applications known to those with ordinary knowledge in the field. The signal processing hardware and/or software, as this is a conventional content, so I won’t repeat it.

In addition, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present case may also include a wireless transmission module, such as Bluetooth, BLE, Zigbee, WiFi, RF or other communication protocols, and/or a USB interface to communicate with an external device. Wireless communication, where the external devices may include, but are not limited to, smart phones, tablets, notebook computers, personal computers, or smart wearable devices, such as smart watches, smart bracelets, smart glasses, etc., and wireless communication This enables information to be exchanged between devices, and also enables operations such as information feedback, remote control, and monitoring.

Furthermore, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present case may also include a power module, for example, a button cell, an alkaline battery, or a rechargeable lithium battery, or, alternatively, a charging module For example, an inductive charging circuit, or, optionally, a USB port or a pogo pin for charging; in addition, optionally, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present case may also include an information providing unit , Preferably, an LCD or LED display element to display, for example, statistical information, analysis results, stored events, operation modes, progress, battery status, or more information; and the finger-wearing physiological test according to this case The device may also include a data storage unit, preferably a memory, for example, a random access memory (RAM), Or an internal flash memory, or a removable memory disk to store the acquired physiological signals/information.

In addition, it should be noted that, generally speaking, finger-worn physiological detection devices can be divided into two types. One is that the control unit and the light sensor are separately arranged in different housings, and an electrical connection is formed through a connecting wire. The connection form, the other is the form in which the control unit and the light sensor fall in the same housing. In the following description of this case, the structural changes and operating behaviors are applicable to these two types. There are no restrictions.

Next, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present case further includes a finger-worn structure for disposing the light sensor on the finger, so that the at least one light sensor can be stably disposed on the finger skin surface , Thereby ensuring the acquisition of blood physiological information.

As mentioned above, this case not only hopes to improve the comfort when wearing, but also hopes to provide a physiological testing device that can actively respond to different use needs, so as to achieve the purpose of being able to use all-weather. Therefore, according to the overall structure of the physiological testing device in this case And the internal component configuration has a different design from the conventional technology.

First of all, in terms of the overall structure, this case preferably divides the ring into two parts: an inflexible part and a flexible part. The inflexible part is used to carry the light sensor, and the flexible part It is used to fix the inflexible part on the finger. The reasons for adopting such a configuration are described as follows:

As we all know, a closed circle or an open C-shape is the shape usually adopted by the ring of a general ring. Although the cross-section of the human finger is not a perfect circle, when the ring is only used for decoration, you only need to make sure the ring It does not need to fall off, and the shape matching between the two is not absolutely necessary. However, when the light sensor is further formed in the form of a ring, the mismatch between the two shapes will bring great adverse effects.

For example, when choosing the size of a hard ring, the most important thing to consider is that it can pass through the joints of the fingers. Many people use the difference in the circumference between the joint and the non-joint part to prevent the ring from falling off when wearing the ring. , When the ring passes through the joints, it is very common that the ring is The looser condition surrounds the knuckles, and this is the least desirable situation for physiological measurements, because, generally speaking, the smaller the gap between the light sensor and the skin, the better the signal obtained, and Particularly preferably, according to research, if a slight pressure can be applied to the light sensor to make it more closely fit with the skin, a better effect will be achieved; in addition, the human body’s fingers will change with the physiological condition. Different, different sizes may change at any time. For example, body circulation, fattening, thinning, etc. may affect the size of the finger circumference. For example, it is well known that even within the same day, the finger circumference may change significantly. Therefore, in general The inflexibility of a hard ring will not be able to adapt to the dynamically changing finger circumference, nor can it adjust the pressure in contact with the skin, and it is not easy to obtain a stable and good signal. This is why even though the conventional ring-type physiological detection device provides a wide range of product sizes to choose from, it is difficult to ensure the setting stability of the light sensor and the quality of the signal obtained.

Accordingly, this case uses a flexible part and an adjustable ring design to solve this problem.

Please refer to FIGS. 3A-3B, which are schematic diagrams of an adjustable finger-wearing physiological detection device according to an embodiment of the present case. It has two free ends, a first free end 101 and a second free end 102, that is, when When it is not set on the finger, it presents an open band shape. When it is to be set on the finger for measurement, it can form a ring body through the mutual combination of the first free end and the second free end to cover it. On the finger; therefore, at least a part of the finger-wearing structure, especially the first free end and the second free end that need to be bent to form a ring, will be made of a flexible material, for example, Silicone, rubber, bendable plastic, cloth, etc., there are no restrictions. In addition to being able to cooperate with the bending of the fingers, it can also exert force on the fingers through the elasticity and/or stretchability of the material itself, which helps to fix it and also contributes to the light perception. Detector settings.

In this case, the arc formed by the flexible part can be different from the inflexible part, so it is not limited to the fixed shape of the traditional hard ring, which is generally a perfect circle, so it is very helpful to improve the whole ring and the finger. The degree of conformity between the surfaces, in addition, the non-joint parts of the fingers are inherently deformable under force, which allows the elasticity of the flexible part to show the greatest flexibility. Responsive.

Then, in order to enable the first free end and the second free end to be combined with each other to form a ring body, the first free end and the second free end are provided with a pair of adjustment mechanisms, a first adjustment mechanism, and a second free end. The second adjustment mechanism, as shown in Figures 3A-3B and 4, the first free end has a positioning element, and the second free end has a plurality of positioning structures. Therefore, when the positioning element and the positioning structure are combined with each other , The finger-wearing structure can form a ring.

The advantage of this design is that when the positioning member is combined with the positioning structure at different positions, the ring body formed is different in size and has different surrounding circumferences. In this way, the effect of adjusting the size of the ring body is produced. It can adapt to different finger sizes, for example, different fingers of the same user, or fingers of different users, or the same finger at different times, so there is no need to be limited to the size that has been purchased, which is quite advantageous.

Therefore, through the use of the adjustable ring body and the flexible material, the adjustable finger-wearing structure according to this case can not only complete the configuration of the light sensor, but also naturally The finger generates a force toward the center of the cross section of the finger, so that the light sensor can stably fit the skin of the finger, which is quite an advantageous way.

There are various possibilities for the implementation of the positioning member and the positioning structure. In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3A-3B, the belt of the adjustable finger-wearing structure is implemented with a plurality of holes, wherein at least one pillar 103 is provided as a positioning member on the first free end 101, The hole on the second free end 102 is used as a positioning hole 104, and, optionally, the front end of the at least one column passing through the positioning hole may further have a positioning limiting portion 1031 having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the positioning hole Width to help fix the at least one column. Therefore, through the at least one column passing through the positioning hole on the second free end, the adjustable finger-wearing structure can form a ring to fit on the finger , And by passing the at least one cylinder through different positioning holes, rings with different circumference sizes can be achieved, which is quite convenient in operation and use. Among them, the at least one cylinder can be implemented in plural for better The fixed and positioning effect of the, and the shape is not limited, for example, it can be a cylinder, a corner post, Various shapes such as square pillars, and the at least one positioning hole can also have various shapes, so there is no limitation.

In addition, the first free end can also be implemented with holes 105 distributed. In this way, the at least one column can be implemented in a removable form. As shown in the figure, the column is implemented as a buckle in the hole. The form provides the possibility for the user to adjust the position by himself. In addition, it also gives the two belts a symmetrical appearance and enhances the aesthetics. At the same time, multiple holes also help to improve the air permeability and increase the comfort.

In addition, it can be further implemented to provide additional holes 105 outside the positioning holes to further achieve the effect of improving air permeability. Especially the hands are frequently active parts. In addition to compliance and sampling effects, it is also necessary to consider long Various problems that may be encountered in time wearing, and this way of reducing the contact area between the belt body and the skin can indeed effectively reduce the sultry feeling that may be produced by wearing, and this implementation method is suitable for various materials, For example, silicone, rubber, fabric, etc., are quite advantageous choices; in addition, it can also provide the effect of fine-tuning the structure of the finger wear. This is because the setting of the holes can reduce the limiting force in the longitudinal axis of the belt, thus In addition to the flexible effect, an additional effect that can be elastically stretched in a small area is generated. This effect helps to make the finger-wearing structure more suitable for the finger, and it is also equivalent to the light sensor carried by the inflexible part. It can be more stable close to the skin, especially the best effect of slight pressure on the light sensor can be achieved, and the size of the formed ring can be more adapted to the slight changes in the size of the finger in daily life.

Among them, in particular, there are certain differences based on the size of different fingers and the size of the fingers of different users, just as the ring on the market is subdivided into multiple sizes, and the smaller cross-sectional perimeter of the fingers makes it possible to The adjustment range is also small. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present case, the diameter of each hole and the distance between adjacent holes have an optimal range. For example, preferably, the diameter of the hole is between 0.5- The distance between adjacent holes is preferably between 2-3 mm between the center of the circle and the center of the circle. The applicant has found through experiments that such a distance configuration can have no gap. It is suitable for fingers of various sizes.

In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the positioning member and the positioning structure are implemented as the The devil felt felt surface 201 and the devil felt hook surface 202 on the belt body of the adjustable finger-wearing structure. Here, the felt surface can be set continuously in addition to the segmented form as shown in the figure, for example, one segment Fuzzy surface, or directly use fabric with a fuzzy surface effect to form the belt body, no matter what form is adopted, it can achieve the effect of adapting to fingers of various sizes. Therefore, there is no limitation. Moreover, in one embodiment, it is better In fact, the belt body can be further implemented to be made of a stretchable fabric. For example, a cloth containing Lycra fiber can provide a small range of stretch effects through the cloth itself, which also helps to make the finger wear more structured. Fitting the fingers together helps minimize the gap between the light sensor and the skin, thereby achieving an optimal setting state with slight pressure. Furthermore, in one embodiment, a hole can be made in the fabric. And use the way of snapping the shell into it for fixing, which further achieves the effect of simplifying the manufacturing process.

Here, it should be noted that the above-mentioned implementation of the flexible portion is only for example, and not as a limitation. Any flexible finger-wearing structure that can adjust the size of the ring body and has elasticity is a category. The scope of claims in this case is not limited.

On the other hand, in this case, in addition to using a flexible part to achieve any change of ring size and provide a stable and fixed bonding force, and a stretchable elasticity to achieve the effect of slight pressure on the light sensor, it also cooperates with the use of indispensable parts. The flexure part, such as the housing 100 shown in Figures 3A-3C and Figure 4, firstly provides protection, for example, to prevent the light sensor, circuit, etc. from being damaged by pressure, and secondly to provide a light source and a light detector The relative position between the optical sensor and the finger can be evenly distributed through the rigidity of the fixed relative position, so that the centripetal force generated by the flexible part can be evenly distributed, so that the contact between the light sensor and the finger is more even and stable, thereby avoiding For example, when the conventional technology is installed on the flexible part, the contact surface may be unstable.

First of all, in response to the design of the finger-wear structure with a flexible part, the light-emitting source and the light detector arranged in the inflexible part in this case are arranged adjacent to each other, as shown in Figures 12A-12C, if the distance is less than 8mm, and preferably set on the same plane, so no matter how the size of the formed ring changes, the relative position between the light-emitting source and the photodetector is not It can change, which can improve the potential uncertainty of displacement caused by the change of the finger size in the aforementioned conventional technology, and also make the sampling stability much higher.

Here, it should be noted that the sampling method in which the light-emitting source and the light detector are arranged adjacently is the so-called reflection sampling method mentioned above. However, as mentioned above, the number of light-emitting sources and/or light detectors used in this case It can be plural. Therefore, depending on the arrangement, the emission and reception angles of the light will be different. There are various possible implementations, so as long as the light-emitting source and the light detector are arranged adjacently, and each light-emitting source and light A light barrier is required between the detectors to prevent the light from the luminous source from leaking directly to the photodetector without passing through the human body, causing the output signal to be easily saturated. This is the scope of this case and is not limited The contents of the examples listed in this article.

There are many possibilities for the combination of the flexible part and the inflexible part. In one embodiment, the finger-wearing structure is implemented to have an accommodating space 300, as shown in FIG. 5, to accommodate a housing 100, and the housing is provided with the light sensor and the control unit , And other circuit components, in this way, through the hardness of the housing, the accommodating space and the housing form an inflexible part, wherein the housing can be implemented with an internal space for accommodating circuit components The form can also be implemented in the form of a hard case formed by filling the circuit with reconfigurable materials such as resin, and optionally, the case can be implemented in a removable form; or, further, it can also be As shown in FIG. 9A, the accommodating space is implemented to engage with the outer structure of the housing of the inflexible part to achieve the effect of position limitation and fixation. Therefore, there is no limitation.

In addition, the first free end and the second free end can also be implemented to be combined with opposite sides of the housing. In this way, the housing alone forms the inflexible part. In this case, there are also many may.

For example, in one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6A-6H, the cross-sectional view of the flexible part and the inflexible part and the schematic diagram of the flexible part can be achieved by using the coupling hole 401 and the coupling post 402. In Figures 6A-6D, the binding cylinder is implemented to be located at the On a shell 100 of the flexible part, and oppositely, the coupling hole is implemented to be located on the flexible part 400. Therefore, the coupling cylinder on the shell passes through the flexible part. The coupling hole, the flexible part can be fixed on the shell; in addition, in FIGS. 6E-6H, the coupling cylinder is carried by a coupling member 403 additionally adopted, in this case, Therefore, the shell and the flexible part will correspondingly have coupling holes for the coupling cylinder to pass through at the same time and achieve a fixed effect, for example, the use of materials and structures to achieve mutual tight fit and mutual interference effects In addition to passing through the coupling hole from left to right in the figure as shown in Figs. 6E-6H, the coupling can also be implemented as passing through the right to left in the figure without limitation.

And in particular, the coupling cylinder and the coupling hole are arranged in such a way that the long axis direction of the coupling cylinder is approximately parallel to the normal direction of the surface of the part where the finger is worn, and the hole of the coupling hole is in the flexible The surface formed on the curved part is approximately perpendicular to the normal direction of the surface of the part where the finger is worn. In this way, whether it is combined or separated from each other can be easily achieved, which is an advantageous choice.

In addition, the front end of the coupling cylinder passing through the coupling hole may further have a coupling limiting portion 4021 having a width greater than the diameter of the coupling hole to help the positioning and fixing of the coupling cylinder, for example, an L penalty (Figure 6C) or T-shape (Figure 6A), or other shapes (Figure 6E, 6G); and the combination of materials has a larger selection range, for example, hard materials such as metal and plastic can be used. The hardness is adjusted to a relatively soft material, such as rubber, silicone, etc.; in addition, the coupling hole and the coupling cylinder can be implemented in various shapes, such as circular, square, polygonal, asymmetrical, etc., so there is no limitation.

Alternatively, other forms can also be used to achieve the combination between the two. For example, FIG. 7A shows a case where a sliding groove is used, and FIG. 7B shows a case where an engaging part is used. For example, a rotating shaft, such as a metal rotating shaft, can be used. Snap with the shells on both sides; in addition, the combination between the two can also be completed while manufacturing through the design of the structure, for example, the shell can be divided into upper and lower parts, and the belt body can be directly sandwiched between the upper and lower parts. Between the two parts, the belt and the shell can also be achieved by embedding and exiting. The union between the bodies.

Moreover, the above-mentioned various coupling structures can be implemented on both sides of the housing, can also be implemented on one side, and different coupling structures can also be used on both sides. Therefore, there can be various possibilities, and even according to the aforementioned embodiments. Derivative structural changes, as long as the combination and fixation between the two can be achieved are also within the scope of this case and are not limited.

Still further, preferably, the inflexible portion can be implemented to have a concave surface to be close to the ergonomic structure of the finger, that is, the outer circumference of the transverse plane at the position where the finger is set, for example, the concave surface and the The outer periphery of the cross-sectional surface of the finger overlaps at least partially, and the overlapped part at least includes the installation position of the light sensor. In this way, the light sensor arranged on the inflexible part can be formed by the concave surface. It is more smoothly close to the surface of the finger, which makes the acquisition of physiological information more stable.

Here, the concave surface is not limited to any form, for example, it can be arc, polygon, irregular, etc., all feasible, and, preferably, the concave surface is provided with the light sensor 500 The position further has a shape change, for example, it can be implemented locally as a plane (Figure 8A) or a protrusion (Figure 8B), etc., to enhance the conformability and contact stability of the light sensor with the skin, and at the same time increase the sampling signal Quality. Therefore, the important point is that the space formed by the concave can accommodate a finger, and the light sensor disposed on the concave surface can achieve stable contact with the finger, so it is not limited to the shapes listed above.

When the inflexible part is implemented to have a concave surface, in addition to commonly used flat batteries, such as rectangular batteries, button batteries, in one embodiment, preferably, curved batteries can also be used , More in line with the curvature of the finger, will help reduce the thickness of the inflexible part.

When the inflexible part is implemented with a concave surface, preferably, the curvature formed by the concave surface can adapt to different finger sizes, for example, different fingers of the same user, or fingers of different users , For example, you can choose the size distribution of a general ring, Sizes that fall in a large range in the middle, for example, the US ring size 10-12, and use this arc as the basis to change, and then cooperate with the light sensor is set in a single position, for example, the concave In the middle of the surface, in this way, the larger middle size not only ensures that the thicker finger size can be inserted, but also allows good contact between the inflexible part with the light sensor and the thinner finger. , Which helps to expand the range of applicable finger sizes.

In addition, the long axis length of the inflexible part of the concave surface, that is, the radius of the outer circumference of the cross-section of the finger, is also very important. For example, too large coverage may result in an adaptable finger size range If the coverage is too small, the sense of stability and positioning may be reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to select, for example, a range of about 180 degrees, or a range of about 120 degrees, or a range of about 90 degrees that covers the outer circumference of the cross-sectional surface of the finger. , Or the suitable range between 60-210 degrees, there is no limit.

Therefore, as long as the shape and volume of the inflexible part of the shell are suitable for finger ergonomics, even if a hard shell such as plastic is used, the flexible ring body of the finger-wearing structure can be adjusted in size and elastically fine-tuned. It is installed on the surface of the finger with a high degree, which is also quite advantageous for manufacturing.

And equally feasible, the inflexible part can also be implemented without a concave surface, as shown in Figures 5 and 9A, in this case, as long as the bottom of the inflexible part can be limited to the range of the general finger width Inside, through the use advantage brought by the adjustable flexible part, it can also adapt to different finger sizes, and the light sensor arranged under it can also have good and stable contact with the finger. , And obtain the required signal, and will not cause excessive burden on the worn finger, therefore, all are feasible methods, and the following embodiment descriptions based on the inflexible part with a concave surface are also applicable There is no restriction on the inflexible part that does not have a concave surface.

Furthermore, in order to allow light to enter the finger from the light source smoothly and be reflected back to the light detector, the material provided between the light sensor and the finger should be a light-transmissive material, that is, the light source The material that the emitted light source can transmit through the wavelength, for example, a transparent lens, a transparent packaging material, a part of a transparent housing, etc., is not limited.

On the other hand, because the physiological detection device in this case adopts a ring-like form surrounding the fingers, the wearing position will generally fall on the phalanx where the proximal or middle phalanx is located, as shown in Figure 9A. However, it is not limited. , The size can be adjusted through the flexible part used in this case, and it can provide force towards the center of the cross section of the finger and slight elastic expansion, even if it is set on the phalanx of the distal phalanx, as shown in Figure 9B, It can also easily achieve a good fixation effect, and in order to further ensure the stability of the installation, when it is installed on the phalanx where the distal phalanx is located, the finger-wearing structure can further have an anti-dropping member 601, as shown in FIG. 9C. In order to provide a more comfortable experience; in addition, when it is placed on the fingertips, it is also preferable that in addition to the adjustable finger-wearing structure as illustrated in 3A-3B, a stretchable fabric can also be used As a flexible part, and using the hook surface and wool surface of the devil felt as the positioning member and positioning structure, the softness of the fabric can achieve a stable conformation effect. Therefore, there is no set position limit, and it can be used according to actual needs. And choose.

Furthermore, the finger-wearing structure can also be implemented in a replaceable form, for example, multiple finger-wearing structures can be combined with the same housing to replace with different belt lengths and/or with different adjustment mechanisms Etc., to adapt to the size differences of various fingers and finger positions in a wider range, for example, the thickness difference between male and female fingers, the size difference between thicker and thinner fingers of the same user, and the phalanx where the proximal phalanx is located And the difference in size of the knuckle where the distal phalanx is located. For example, in the form shown in Figures 6A-6H, the user can easily perform the combination and release of the flexible part and the inflexible part by manual operation. Therefore, the replacement of belts with different lengths can be performed, and in particular, when such a structure that can be easily replaced is adopted, the inflexible part is implemented without two free ends, as shown in Figures 6C-6D and 6G-6H , But provides multiple length options, and the user chooses the most suitable length for their finger size for installation, which is also a very advantageous form. Therefore, there are various possibilities, which are not limited by the illustrated embodiments.

According to the distribution of blood vessels in the finger (see Figure 10) and the cross-sectional views of the fingers in Figures 11A-11C, the distribution of arteries and blood vessels in the finger is located on both sides of the finger and toward the palm, that is, on the cross section of the finger. The bottom half.

In this case, if you want to obtain blood oxygen concentration and other physiological information, as described above, light sources of two wavelengths can be used, for example, two wavelengths of green light, or infrared light and red light, which are preferably The light sensor is placed on the lower half of the cross-section of the finger to ensure that the incident light and reflected light path pass through the artery to ensure that sufficient signal quality is obtained. On the other hand, if only the pulse rate/heart rate is required, then A single wavelength light source can be used, such as green light, infrared light, red light, etc., and it can be placed in the upper or lower half of the cross section of the finger, that is, the acquisition of blood oxygen concentration is strictly limited, except In addition to the two wavelength light sources, the light sensor needs to be placed on the lower half of the cross section of the finger close to the artery. On the other hand, the pulse rate/heart rate can be obtained by at least a single wavelength light source, and the sampling position The limitation is small, however, multiple or multiple wavelength light sources can be added to obtain better signal quality, so there is no limitation.

The two detection requirements with such huge differences are usually difficult to achieve with the same detection device in the conventional technology, but through the adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device in this case, such a goal becomes feasible.

This is because the adjustable finger-wearing physiological detection device in this case is formed by a combination of an inflexible part and a flexible part that can adjust the size of the ring body. Therefore, it is advantageous that the inflexible part will be able to Different setting positions are changed according to the change of measurement requirements, that is, the measurement position is dynamically changed. Therefore, when the light source selection, configuration position, and operation mode are matched with each other, both of the foregoing two measurements will be performed. Restricted to a single measurement method, a finger-worn physiological detection device that can be used all-weather can be realized.

In actual use, for example, as shown in Figures 11A-11C, simply move the position of the inflexible part according to the type of physiological information to be obtained to obtain different physiological information. In this way, Whether it is the need to detect blood oxygen concentration or other blood physiology The demand for information can be met. For example, when the blood oxygen concentration needs to be obtained, the inflexible part can be moved to make the light sensor fall on the position of the artery 701, that is, under the cross section of the finger 700. Half part, for example, rotate 90 degrees to the side (Figure 11A), or rotate a larger angle to the finger pad (Figure 11B), so that the light sensor can accurately obtain the signal from the position of the blood vessel, in addition, when When you want to obtain other blood physiological information, such as heart rate, the limitation of the sampling position becomes smaller. For example, the upper half of the cross section of the finger (Figure 11C) can also be obtained, which is quite convenient. Furthermore, another possible situation is , Move the position of the inflexible part according to the time of use, the type of signal to be obtained, and the difference in signal quality. For example, for the same index finger, the phalanx of the distal phalanx is the common position for obtaining blood oxygen concentration, and Even if the light sensor is set on the upper half of the phalanx where the distal phalanx is located, it is possible to obtain the blood oxygen concentration (Figure 9B, 9C), while the phalanx where the proximal or middle phalanx is located is suitable for daily activities. Wear it (Figure 9A).

Therefore, through the elasticity provided by the flexible part and its two free ends can adjust the joint position to each other and achieve the characteristics of dynamically adjusting the size of the ring body, no matter where the inflexible part is set on the finger, it can be obtained The good fixation also makes the adhesion between the light sensor and the skin stable and ensures the signal quality.

Therefore, the adjustable finger-wearing physiological detection device provided in this case achieves the goal of being suitable for use all-weather and obtaining high-quality physiological signals and appropriate physiological information. For example, during daytime activities, in order not to interfere with hand movements , The light sensor can be set on the upper half of the cross section of the finger to obtain the heart rate, etc., so that the user can understand the physiological changes during the activity, and it is also convenient to view the various information provided by the information providing unit. The shape is similar to the general ring, beautiful and unobtrusive, which is quite suitable for daily use. On the other hand, during sleep, because the hand movement requires less, so even if the light sensor is installed on the lower half of the finger cross section, or It is set in the knuckle where the distal phalanx is located. At this time, in addition to the heart rate, the blood oxygen concentration can be further obtained to learn more about sleep-related information, such as whether symptoms of sleep apnea occur during sleep and Sleep quality and other information.

Moreover, even if there is a need to monitor blood oxygen concentration during daytime activities, since the size of the formed ring can be adjusted freely, it can be measured by changing the configuration position. For example, when measuring heart rate, I usually wear it on the ring finger, but there is blood. When oxygen concentration measurement is required, in addition to directly rotating down to the lower half of the finger for measurement, it can also be replaced on the index finger or thumb, using a larger space between the two fingers that does not affect the grasp of the hand. The inflexible part, for example, the index finger facing the side of the thumb, so that even long-term measurement is feasible, breaking the use time limit, and the thicker blood vessels in the index finger or thumb also have larger blood The flow rate can provide a signal with better S/N Ratio. In addition, if only a short-term measurement is required, it can also be moved to the phalanx of the distal phalanx. This is also a feasible way, and only It can be easily completed by adjusting the bonding position of the belt body, which is quite advantageous.

Therefore, for users, it will be a portable physiological testing device that is easy to operate, convenient, and versatile.

The following describes how to configure the light source and light detector to maximize the use of the function.

Since the main goal of this case is to obtain the desired blood physiological information under any circumstances, how to select and configure the light source and how to set up the light detector becomes very important.

In one embodiment, the finger-worn physiological detection device in this case is implemented as a light source with three wavelengths at the same time. For example, a first light-emitting source generates light of a first wavelength, such as an infrared light source, and a second light-emitting source generates light of a second wavelength. , Such as a red light source, and a third light source to generate light of a third wavelength, such as a green light source. For example, Figures 5A-5C show the arrangement of three-wavelength light sources and photodetectors. Among them, in Figure 12A, a single An infrared light source 81 and a single red light source 82 and one of the light detectors 91 are used to obtain the blood oxygen concentration, while the green light source 83 is implemented as two, and the other light detector 92 is used to obtain the heart rate; in FIG. 12B , Each of an infrared light source 81, a red light source 82, and a green light source 83 and a single light detector 90 are used to obtain blood oxygen concentration and heart rate; in Figure 12C, The single photodetector 90 obtains the blood oxygen concentration with the single red light source 82 and the single infrared light source 81, and also obtains the heart rate with the three green light sources 83.

In other embodiments, the three-wavelength light source can also be implemented as other options. For example, the light of the first wavelength, the second wavelength, and the third wavelength are all implemented as green light, or the light of the first wavelength and the second wavelength It is implemented as green light and the light of the third wavelength is implemented as infrared light or red light, etc., so there is no limitation. Furthermore, the arrangement of the light-emitting source and the photo-detector mentioned above is only used as an example, and can be implemented according to actual needs. There are also no restrictions on different arrangements.

It can be found from the above that the green light-emitting elements are implemented as multiple, for example, two or three light-emitting elements, and the advantage of such an arrangement is that since the heart rate measurement is mostly during daily activities, there is more There is a high probability that hand movement and shaking will affect the adhesion between the light sensor and the skin. Therefore, the arrangement of such multiple light-emitting elements can achieve the effect of further compensation. When the light emitted by one of the light-emitting elements cannot When it is reflected smoothly into the photodetector, there is another light-emitting element that can be used, or when multiple light-emitting elements can obtain signals, the reflection path can also be increased, which helps to obtain a good signal-to-noise ratio. The quality of the signal, so whether it is in signal acquisition or physiological information, there is a positive help.

In another embodiment, it is implemented as a light source with two wavelengths, such as red light and infrared light. As mentioned above, in addition to obtaining blood oxygen concentration, red light or infrared light can also be used to obtain heart rate, or The implementation of two wavelengths of green light is also suitable for the novel implementation of the dynamic movable inflexible part of this case.

In addition, in the selection of the photodetector, when detecting the blood oxygen concentration, the environment contains other light sources. Therefore, it is preferable that the photodetector receiving infrared light can be selected with a smaller size to avoid the influence of ambient light. On the other hand, the photodetector used to receive green light can choose a larger size to increase the effective reflected light, and further adopt a manufacturing process that can block other light sources, such as low-frequency infrared light, to achieve better performance. Signal with good S/N ratio.

Therefore, there can be various changes in the choice and quantity of the light source wavelength, as long as it can To achieve the effect of obtaining the required physiological information, all are practicable forms, and there are no restrictions.

Here, it should be noted that, according to the blood vessel distribution diagram of the hand in Figure 10 and the cross-sectional view of the fingers in Figure 11, the center of the finger is the phalanx 702, so when the heart rate is obtained when it is set on the upper half of the cross section of the finger For example, when using green light or infrared light, it is better to avoid the center position and set it on the left and right sides of the upper half of the finger with richer physiological tissues and higher blood flow to obtain signal noise comparison Good signal; in addition, it is preferable to arrange the multiple light-emitting sources in a direction parallel or perpendicular to the blood vessel, that is, the direction of the long axis of the finger, so that the path difference between different light sources through the blood vessel is reduced , Which helps to improve the signal quality.

Further, according to the finger-worn physiological detection device of this case, in addition to using a light sensor to obtain blood physiological information, it can also be equipped with other physiological sensing elements to obtain other physiological information.

In one embodiment, the electrophysiological signal can be obtained by arranging electrodes to be electrically connected to the control unit. The electrodes can be arranged on the inner surface of the ring that contacts the finger, or on the outer surface of the ring. For example, when When both the inner and outer electrodes are provided, by making the outer electrodes contact other parts of the body, for example, the body, another upper limb, lower limbs, head, etc., ECG signal measurement can be performed; when two electrodes are installed on the inner side , The skin signal can be obtained from the finger. In this case, the above-mentioned rotation action is particularly needed, because the skin signal measures the skin impedance that changes with the state of the sweat glands determined by the activity of the sympathetic nerve in the autonomic nerve, and the hand The inner side has a rich distribution of sweat glands. In the case of fingers, it is the lower half of the cross section. Therefore, by rotating the electrode, you can freely rotate the electrode to the lower half of the cross section of the finger, which is more helpful for skin communication. Extraction of numbers.

Therefore, the finger-worn physiological detection device in this case can also be implemented to obtain different types of physiological signals according to the different installation positions of the inflexible part. For example, a light sensor is also provided on the inflexible part. And in the case of electrodes, blood physiological signals and electrophysiological signals can be obtained by changing positions, for example, heart rate can be obtained on the upper and lower half of the finger, and skin electrical signals can be obtained on the lower half of the finger, or, Can also be on the lower part of the finger Obtain blood oxygen concentration, and obtain ECG signals on the upper and lower parts of the fingers; in addition, it can also be used to obtain ECG signals with different projection angles of the heart, for example, when the inflexible part is placed on the upper half of the finger At the time, the other hand can touch the exposed electrode on the outside of the ring to capture the ECG signal to obtain the heart projection angle ECG signal formed by the two upper limbs, that is, the lead I in the lead of the limb, and when set at When the lower half of the finger is used, it is more convenient to operate by touching the torso of the body with the hand of the wearing device so that the exposed electrodes contact the skin of the torso. In this way, the heart projection angle formed by the upper limbs and the torso can be obtained. , LA-V5 lead or LA-V6 lead, so both of them are combinations that can be implemented and are quite helpful for daily physiological monitoring.

In another embodiment, a temperature sensor can also be provided to obtain the user's body temperature information and/or ambient temperature information. Especially when implemented in the form of a ring, the user has a high probability of using it in daily life. Therefore, it can be used to monitor daily body temperature changes, help users better understand their own physiological changes, or provide environmental temperature changes.

Here, it should be noted that the physiological information that can be obtained on the upper half of the finger includes, but is not limited to, heart rate/pulse rate, ECG information, myoelectric information, etc. The physiological signals that can be obtained on the lower half of the finger are Including, but not limiting, blood oxygen concentration, heart rate/pulse rate, skin electrical information, electrocardiographic information, myoelectric information, temperature, etc. Therefore, the above combination is only an example, not a limitation, and can be based on actual usage requirements. select.

In another embodiment, an accelerometer can be added, for example, a three-axis (MEMS) accelerometer to define the posture of the device in a three-dimensional space, which is directly related to the user’s body posture. Among them, The accelerometer will return the acceleration values measured in all three dimensions of x, y, and z, and based on these values, various information about posture and movement can be derived. For example, in daily life, It can be used to record the user's daily activities (actigraph), such as moving distance, step counting, calorie consumption, etc.; and during sleep, it can provide information about body movements by understanding the activity of the hands, such as turning over , Whether you have fallen asleep, sleep status and other information are not only helpful for understanding the user’s physical state, but also for interpreting other health As an aid when processing the signal, for example, the adaptive filter is used to remove the noise generated by the body movement in the PPG signal, and then a more accurate judgment can be made.

According to another conception, the finger-worn physiological detection device of this case is also quite suitable for use during sleep.

As mentioned earlier, according to the PPG signal obtained by the light sensor, blood physiological information such as pulse rate/heart rate, blood oxygen concentration, chest and abdomen breathing fluctuations can be obtained, and this blood information is also helpful to interpret many sleep periods For example, in the field of sleep research, a symptom that has received considerable attention is sleep-disordered breathing, and the blood physiological information provided by light sensors helps to understand sleep-disordered breathing.

One type of sleep breathing disorder is sleep apnea (Sleep Apnea), which generally has three types: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea (Central Sleep Apnea, CSA), and mixed sleep Apnea (Mixed Sleep Apnea, MSA), hereinafter collectively referred to as Breathing Event (Breathing Event).

The main feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is that during sleep, due to complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway, the respiratory airflow decreases or stops for a period of time, and it is usually accompanied by a decrease in blood oxygen concentration (desaturation) OSA is a common sleep-disordered breathing, affecting about 25-40% of the middle-aged population.

Central sleep apnea (CSA) is caused by problems in the mechanism of the brain driving the muscles to breathe, which makes the nerve drive of the breathing muscles stop for a short time, and these transients may range from 10 seconds to 2 to 3 minutes. Lasting throughout the night, central sleep apnea, similar to obstructive sleep apnea, will cause gradual asphyxia during sleep. As a result, the individual will be briefly aroused from sleep and resume normal breathing at the same time. And similar to obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea can cause arrhythmia, high blood pressure, heart disease, and heart failure.

Mixed sleep apnea (MSA) refers to obstructive sleep apnea and central Type of sleep apnea is a mixture of the two.

Apnea Hypoxia Index (AHI) is an indicator of the severity of sleep apnea, which combines the number of apnea (apnea) and hypopnea (hypopnea) to give a simultaneous assessment of sleep (breathing) interruption An overall sleep apnea severity score of the number of times and oxygen saturation (blood oxygen level), where AHI is calculated by dividing the total number of apneas and hypopnea events by the number of hours of sleep. Usually, the AHI value is divided into: 5-15 times per hour is mild, 15-30 times per hour is moderate, and >30 per hour is severe.

In addition to AHI, studies have confirmed that another important indicator for evaluating or detecting sleep apnea is the Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI), which refers to a certain degree of drop in blood oxygen level per hour from baseline during sleep. Generally speaking, ODI is expressed in two ways: the number of times oxygen saturation drops by 3% (ODI3%) and the number of times oxygen saturation drops by 4% (ODI4%). The difference between ODI and AHI is that AHI also includes Events that may cause sleep arousal (awaken) or awakening (arousal), but do not affect oxygen levels. Research has confirmed that ODI has a certain correlation with AHI and sleep apnea and can be effectively used to diagnose OSA. ODI is calculated from blood oxygen concentration, so ODI is also a type of blood health information.

Most patients with OSA will have more OSA events when lying on their back. This is because the upper airway is more susceptible to gravity and collapse when lying on their back. In the literature, it is officially diagnosed as postural OSA ( Positional OSA (POSA) is based on the fact that the difference between the AHI value when lying on the back and when not lying on the back is greater than a certain threshold. For example, one of the common definitions of POSA is that the AHI value when lying on the back is greater than that when lying on the back. The AHI value is more than twice; According to research, the prevalence rate of POSA decreases with the increase of OSA severity, and 70%~80% of POSA patients have mild to moderate OSA severity. Among them, Asian Up to 87% of patients with mild OSA can be classified as POSA patients.

Another common sleep-disordered breathing is snoring, which affects 20%-40% of the total population. This kind of noise-producing symptoms is caused by the vibration of the soft tissues when the upper respiratory tract airflow passes through during sleep. OSA and severe snoring have been confirmed by research to be highly correlated with many clinical symptoms, such as daytime sleepiness, depression, and high blood pressure. , Ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, etc. Among them, snoring is the most common symptom that accompanies OSA, and snoring is also generally considered to be a precursor to OSA, based on both causes and upper respiratory tract Physiological phenomena are related, and sleeping posture also affects the severity of snoring symptoms.

According to research, with the progression of upper respiratory tract stenosis, it is usually the case that snoring symptoms related to sleeping postures occur first, and when it is more serious, snoring is prone to occur even when not lying on your back, and begins to develop into mild snoring. OSA, and the correlation between the occurrence of snoring and sleep posture has gradually decreased. Furthermore, the severity of OSA has also changed from mild to moderate related to sleep posture, and finally becomes a severe situation that is less related to sleep posture.

Sleep positional training (SPT) is a method that can treat POSA and postural snoring. In recent years, a new generation of posture training devices has been developed, which can be set on the central axis of the body, such as the neck, chest or abdomen. A posture sensor, such as an acceleration sensor, generates a weak vibration warning when it detects that the user’s sleeping position is lying on his back, and prompts the user to change his sleeping position to avoid lying on his back. Through many researches The report pointed out that through this simple but effective treatment, patients can be prevented from lying on their backs during sleep, thereby greatly reducing the number of OSA events.

However, there is still room for improvement in such training methods. For example, because patients with OSA or snoring have different severity and individual physiological differences, prior to training, if the evaluation function can be provided, it can provide targeted Training plan and expected information about the training effect; in addition, if sleep and breathing information can also be provided during the SPT, the parameter settings of the device can also be adjusted to achieve the purpose of improving the training effect.

The finger-wearing physiological detection device in this case, as mentioned above, can not only obtain the blood oxygen concentration to calculate the ODI value, but also cause obstructive sleep apnea. It causes relative bradycardia and an increase in PPG pulse wave amplitude, as well as a rapid increase in heart rate and strong vasoconstriction that occur immediately after the end of respiratory obstruction. According to research, there have been reports that for patients with sleep disordered breathing In other words, compared with changes in heart rate (HR/PPI), respiratory events and awakening have more changes in PWA and/or PA.

Among them, as shown in Figure 13, PPI refers to the peak-to-peak interval: it is defined as the time difference between two consecutive peaks in the PPG signal. First, detect the peak value (Peak.amp) of each cycle of the PPG signal, and store the time stamps of all Peak.amp points in the array buffer. PPI is calculated as the time difference between consecutive Peak.amp points, in order to obtain For accurate results, a reasonable range of PPI values can be set. For example, PPI<0.5 second (>120 times/minute) or PPI>1.5 seconds (<40 times/minute) is considered abnormal and removed.

PWA refers to the pulse wave amplitude (Pulse wave amplitude): it is defined as the difference between the peak amplitude (Peak.amp) and the valley amplitude (Valley.amp), Peak.amp and Valley.amp are the maximum values of each PPG cycle And the minimum amplitude point. First of all, all Peak.Amp and Valley.amp points are detected as the local maximum and minimum points of the PPG signal. If there is a lack of Peak.amp points, the following Valley.amp points are also discarded. Finally, pass from Calculate PWA by subtracting Valley.amp from the immediately preceding Peak.amp. Since Peak.amp and Valley.amp points are only tested in pairs, otherwise they will be discarded. Therefore, there will be no PWA value error due to missing one of the values. In addition, if there is any abnormal Peak.amp point, it will be extracted by PPI feature The filtering procedure mentioned in to exclude them.

PA refers to the pulse area (Pulse Area): the pulse area represents a triangular area formed by a Peak.amp point and two Valley.amp points. Similar to the extraction of PWA features, all Peak.amp and Valley.amp points are detected as the local maximum point and local minimum point in the PPG signal, and since the time stamp (ie the number of samples per point) is also recorded, Therefore, the pulse wave area can be calculated from each pulse wave shape.

Respiratory signal RIIV (Respiratory Induced Intensity Variation, respiratory induced Intensity change) is caused by the change of blood volume in synchronization with breathing, which can be filtered and extracted from the PPG signal through a band-pass filter (for example, 0.13-0.48Hz, 16th degree Bessel filter) Among them, the filter will suppress heart-related changes in the PPG signal and frequencies below the respiratory frequency, such as sympathetic nerve activity and reflex changes in response to the vagus nerve activity.

Therefore, in order to detect sleep apnea/hypopnea events and their onsets, various respiratory events such as PPI, PWA, PA derived from PPG waveforms, and RIIV from light sensors can also be used. Information as indicators.

In addition, the use of the flexible part in this case not only allows the device to be stably placed on the finger, it is not easy to fall off even during sleep, and it can obtain the PPG signal stably, and it also allows a stable contact between the light sensor and the skin. , To enhance the signal quality, so it is quite suitable for this.

For example, in one embodiment, the finger-worn physiological detection device of this case can be matched with a posture detection device arranged on the central axis of the body, such as the chest, abdomen, and neck. For example, it also has a control unit and is provided with The accelerometer device can further measure the body posture changes during sleep, for example, lying down or not lying down, and together, it can determine blood physiological information, such as blood oxygen concentration, ODI value, PPI, PWA, PA , RIIV, etc., and the correlation between sleep posture, and then help users understand whether it is postural sleep apnea and whether it is suitable for sleep posture training.

Then, through the information providing unit, for example, it can be an information providing unit installed on a finger-worn physiological detection device, or installed on the posture detection device, or installed on an external device, such as a smart phone, a personal computer, Smart wearable devices, etc., can let users know the above-mentioned various information, which is quite convenient in use; moreover, the calculation of blood physiological information and/or the calculation of the correlation between blood physiological information and sleeping body posture can also be used. It can be selectively executed on a finger-worn physiological detection device, a posture detection device, and/or an external device, and there is no limitation.

Furthermore, in another embodiment, if a vibration module is added, for example, it falls on the finger Wearing a physiological detection device, or falling on a posture detection device, can provide the aforementioned sleep posture training, that is, when the user is detected to be lying on the back, a vibration warning is provided to change it to non Lie on your back, and in addition to generating vibration warnings based on the sleep posture obtained by the posture detection device, you can also use the finger-worn physiological detection device to know the effect of SPT, for example, whether the number of sleep apnea events has decreased , Can also be used as the basis for adjusting vibration parameters, such as intensity, frequency, duration, etc., which is a very advantageous combination.

In another embodiment, when the finger-worn physiological detection device includes at least one light-emitting source, at least one light detector, and a vibration module, it can also be used alone to improve sleep-disordered breathing. As mentioned above, by analyzing the blood oxygen concentration/ODI value and/or PPI, PWA, PA, RIIV and other respiratory event related information obtained by analyzing the PPG signal, it is possible to know whether a respiratory event has occurred and/or the onset of a respiratory event. And if a vibration warning can be provided when a respiratory event occurs and/or the beginning of a respiratory event, for example, blood oxygen concentration/ODI value and/or respiratory event-related information meets a preset condition, the user will be partially Awakening or awakening, and interrupt sleep apnea, which can prevent the state of sleep apnea.

This method of monitoring the onset of sleep apnea and waking up the user periodically and/or continuously is a biofeedback procedure used to prevent sleep apnea. When the user has repeated sleep apneas, such Vibration warning will make patients instinctively learn to take a few deep breaths when a respiratory event occurs, and resume sleep. According to research and experiments, this kind of conditioned reflex to warning can effectively reduce or eliminate sleep apnea within a period of time.

Therefore, when the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present case is equipped with a vibration module, it has the ability to perform such a physiological feedback procedure, providing another option for improving sleep disordered breathing.

In another embodiment, by further arranging a radio element to obtain snoring information during sleep, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present application can have another advantageous application. The collection The sound element can be a microphone, which is arranged in a finger-worn physiological detection device worn on the finger, or is arranged in other devices placed around you during sleep, such as a microphone in a smart phone, a tablet computer, etc. The breathing sound of the user during sleep can be obtained, and then the snoring information can be obtained. After that, a vibration warning can be generated according to whether the snoring sound occurs, so that the user can wake up (and change the body posture), and then stop the snoring. In this case, you can To achieve posture training for postural snoring, it can also achieve the physiological feedback effect of preventing snoring; or, furthermore, a posture detection device can be added to accurately provide the relationship between snoring and body posture, which will help adjust vibration The parameters of the alert.

In addition, further, the vibration module can be used to perform a wake-up action, by generating vibrations to wake the user from a sleep state, and the accelerometer can be used to obtain information about the sleep stage.

Here, it should be noted that in the above-mentioned embodiment, whether it is the analysis of the PPG signal, the determination of whether there is a respiratory event, the determination of whether to provide a vibration warning, and/or the parameter adjustment of the vibration warning, etc., are achieved through various algorithms. , And various algorithms are, without limitation, can be implemented in finger-worn physiological detection devices, posture detection devices, and/or in external devices to perform calculations, through the setting of wireless transmission modules, multiple The devices can communicate wirelessly to achieve the most convenient operation mode for users, so it can be changed according to actual needs without limitation.

In summary, according to the finger-wearing physiological detection device in this case, through the novel finger-wearing structure design, the function of adjusting the size of the ring body to adapt to different finger sizes is achieved, and at the same time, it can also provide a fine-tuning effect. In addition to the dynamically changing finger surround, it further achieves the purpose of applying a slight pressure on the light sensor to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the obtained signal, and the inflexible part and the flexible part are combined to form a finger wear The design of the physiological detection device improves the setting stability of the light sensor, which is equivalent to ensuring the quality of the physiological signal obtained, and the advantage that it can be used at any time, for example, during daytime activities, during sleep, plus , By the setting position of the inflexible part on the finger, the sampling can be changed according to the demand Variety, therefore, this case does provide improved and more advanced technical content.

100: shell

103: Cylinder

104: Positioning hole

105: Hole

Claims (20)

A finger-worn physiological detection device, including: An adjustable finger-wearing structure, arranged on at least one finger of at least one user, includes: A first free end and a second free end are implemented to be made of a flexible material and used to surround the at least one finger; and A first adjustment mechanism and a second adjustment mechanism are respectively arranged at the first free end and The second free end; A control unit; At least one physiological sensing element, electrically connected to the control unit; and A wireless transmission module is electrically connected to the control unit for wireless communication with an external device, among them, The first free end is constructed to have at least one column, and the second free end is constructed to have a plurality of positioning holes to serve as the first adjustment mechanism and the second adjustment mechanism; Through the combination of the at least one column and at least one of the plurality of positioning holes, the first free end and the second free end can form a ring around the at least one finger and determine a surrounding circumference, And when the at least one column is combined with different positioning holes, different surrounding circumferences can be determined to adapt to different finger sizes; and Through the flexible material, the degree of conformity between the ring body and the at least one finger can be further improved, thereby ensuring stable contact between the at least one physiological sensing element and the finger skin, and among them, The control unit obtains at least one physiological signal of the at least one user through the at least one physiological sensing element. The device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one physiological sensing element is implemented to include at least one of the following, including: at least one light-emitting source and at least one photodetector, at least two electrodes, and accelerometer , And a temperature sensor. For the device described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control unit obtains the blood physiological signal through the at least one light-emitting source and the at least one light detector by reflection, and the blood physiological signal is further used to obtain At least one of the following blood physiological information includes: heart rate, blood oxygen concentration, oxygen saturation and unsaturation index, respiratory, chest and abdomen fluctuations, blood pressure, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve activity, and pulse wave heart rate resonance distribution. The device described in claim 1, wherein, through the wireless transmission module, at least one of the following is transmitted to the external device, including: the blood physiological signal, and the blood physiological signal derived from the blood physiological signal Blood physiological information. The device described in item 1 of the scope of patent application further includes a vibration module electrically connected to the control unit to generate vibration according to the blood physiological signal during sleep, so as to alert at least one user, And wherein, the vibration module is further used to wake up the at least one user. According to the device described in claim 1, wherein the external device is implemented as at least one of the following, including: a smart phone, a smart wearable device, a tablet computer, and a personal computer. For example, the device described in claim 1 further includes an accelerometer electrically connected to the control unit to obtain at least one of the following physiological information of the at least one user, including: daily activity information, sleeping body Posture, and sleep stage. The device described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the diameter of each of the plurality of positioning holes is implemented to be between 0.5-1.5 mm, and the distance between the centers is implemented to be between 2-3 mm between. The device described in claim 1 further includes a housing for accommodating at least the at least one light sensor, and the adjustable finger-wearing structure is implemented in one of the following situations, including: There is a accommodating groove for accommodating the housing, and the first free end and the second free end are combined On opposite sides of the shell. The device according to claim 9, wherein the housing is constructed to have a concave surface to conform to the ergonomics of the at least one finger. The device according to claim 10, wherein at least a part of the concave surface is constructed as a flat surface or a protrusion, and the at least one physiological sensing element is disposed on the flat surface or the protrusion position. The device according to claim 9, wherein the adjustable finger-wearing structure is implemented to be removable from the housing. For the device described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, the adjustable finger-wearing structure is implemented in plural and can be replaced. A finger-worn physiological detection device, including: A shell A finger-wearing structure, implemented as a flexible material; A control unit; At least one physiological sensing element, electrically connected to the control unit; and A wireless transmission module is electrically connected to the control unit for wireless communication with an external device, among them, Through the finger-worn structure, the finger-worn physiological detection device can be set on at least one finger of at least one user; and The control unit obtains at least one physiological signal of the at least one user through the at least one physiological sensing element, and among them, The finger-wearing type physiological detection device further includes at least one coupling cylinder and at least one coupling hole, and the at least one coupling cylinder is implemented to pass through the at least one coupling hole to achieve the coupling between the shell and the finger-wearing structure And when the finger-worn physiological detection device can be set on the at least one finger of the at least one user, the long axis direction of the at least one coupling cylinder is parallel to the normal direction of the finger surface, and the at least one coupling The hole formed by the hole is perpendicular to the normal direction of the finger surface. The device according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the at least one coupling cylinder is implemented to be provided on the housing, and the at least one coupling hole is implemented to be provided on the finger-wearing structure. The device described in item 14 of the scope of the patent application further includes a coupling member for carrying the at least one coupling column, and the at least one coupling hole is implemented to be respectively provided on the finger-wearing structure and the housing , So that the combined cylinder can pass through at the same time. The device according to claim 14, wherein the at least one physiological sensing element is implemented to include at least one of the following, including: at least one light-emitting source and at least one photodetector, at least two electrodes, and accelerometer , And a temperature sensor. The device according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the finger-wearing structure and the casing are constructed to have two joint positions. For the device described in item 18 of the scope of patent application, the finger-wearing structure and the housing are implemented in a removable form, and the finger-wearing structure is implemented as a plurality of finger-wearing structures of different sizes for replacement. The device described in item 18 of the scope of patent application, wherein the finger-wearing structure has a first free end and a second free end, and according to the difference of the first free end and the second free end's mutual bonding position , Can form rings of different sizes.

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