TWI454601B - A dyed-core type composite fiber, a method for producing the same, and a garment made using the same - Google Patents

Description

Leather core type composite fiber with dyeability, method for producing the same, and clothing made using the fiber

The present invention relates to a sheath-core type composite fiber, and more particularly to a sheath-core type composite fiber which has both spinnability and excellent dye fastness. Further, the present invention also provides a method for producing the composite fiber and a garment made of the fiber.

Polyolefin fibers are widely used in ropes, bundled yarns, filter materials, wipers, diapers, and physiological products because of their excellent light weight, strength, and chemical resistance. However, polyolefin fibers are lightweight and have excellent chemical resistance, but insufficient dyeability is obtained. In addition, when it is applied to materials for non-clothing materials such as paper and non-woven fabrics, it is also insufficient in dyeability, and it cannot be applied in fields requiring delicate color matching. Among them, the polypropylene structure is difficult to color because it is highly regular and does not contain polar groups. A polyolefin fiber which is simply added by a color masterbatch for the purpose of coloring cannot be diversified in color. Although a raw material can be obtained by mixing a pigment, it is difficult to form a subtle color matching, and the color is dyed by a dye. Since the diversification is beneficial, there have been many research proposals for imparting dyeability to polyolefin fibers.

For example, a conventional technique proposes a method of mixing or compounding a polyester or a polyamide having a dyeability with a polyolefin polymer and then subjecting it to fiberization. In this case, the dyeability is improved, but since the polyolefin is incompatible with the polyester or the polyamine, peeling or staining at the interface occurs, and the difference in melting point is large, resulting in poor spinnability, which is not practical.

A block copolymer composed of a polymer block (A) of a olefin monomer unit and a polymer block (B) of a (meth)acrylic monomer unit is mentioned in the National Invention Patent Publication No. 561208. To improve the dyeability, but there are problems that the manufacturing cost is too high and it is not practical. Further, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 10-501309 proposes a method of mixing or grafting a copolymer of ethylene/alkyl acrylate to polypropylene, but the dyeability is still not sufficiently satisfied. The Journal of Comprehensive Textile Research (2010, Vol. 20, No. 4) mentions the dyeability study of polypropylene and polyester blending, adding a third component of polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride as a compatibilizer to enhance the polymerization. The compatibility of propylene and polyester blends, although the polyester fiber has good dyeability to disperse dyes, but because the specific gravity is 1.38, compared with the fiber material with a specific gravity of 0.9, the products are too heavy to be appealed. The problem of lightweighting is still to be resolved.

The above solutions to the problem of polypropylene dyeing, the main methods are polymer surface modification (light, radiation, chemical treatment), copolymerization and modification and blending and modification, of which surface modification due to economic considerations, environmental protection, etc., there is currently no Large-scale application. Copolymerization Modification Method Due to the special requirements of polypropylene for polymerization catalysts, the addition of copolymer monomers tends to cause catalyst failure and high manufacturing cost, so there is no development of industrial processes.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a dyed polypropylene fiber, which adopts a blending modification method, and can eliminate the problem that the fiber spinnability and the bunching property are poor due to phase separation, and the obtained fiber It has good spinnability, light weight and excellent dye fastness.

The present inventors have actively conducted research in view of the absence of the existing polyolefin fiber products, and developed lightweight fibers having commercial value and having good spinnability and excellent dyeability.

According to the present invention, there is provided a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability, wherein the fiber has a specific gravity of less than 1.0 g/cm ³ ; and the fiber layer is composed of a skin layer and a core layer, and the skin layer is made of polypropylene. The core layer is composed of a polypropylene in which a nanosphere powder is dispersed, and the nanosphere powder has an average particle diameter of the polypropylene of more than 0.3 μm and less than 50 μm.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability; which is obtained by the following steps: (1). 50 to 95 parts by weight of polypropylene and 5 to 50 After uniformly mixing the parts by weight of the nanosphere powder, the mixture is melted at a blending temperature of 180-250 ° C, and then extruded and pelletized to obtain a polypropylene (A) having a uniform dispersion of the nanosphere powder; (2). The polypropylene (B) and the above polypropylene (A) are melt-extruded at a spinning temperature of 180 to 260 ° C, and are gathered from an extruder having a sheath-core cross-section spinning nozzle. The propylene (B) is a skin layer, the polypropylene (A) is a core layer, and the compounding ratio is 80:20 to 20:80, and the sheath-core type composite fiber is obtained by winding at a spinning speed of 2000 to 4000 m/min.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability; which is obtained by the following steps: (1). 50 to 95 parts by weight of polypropylene and 5 to 50 After uniformly mixing the parts by weight of the nanosphere powder, the screw is blended at a temperature of 180 to 250 ° C. After blending, extruding and granulating to obtain polypropylene (A) having a uniform dispersion of nanosphere powder; and (2), allowing polypropylene (B) and the above polypropylene (A) to be melt extruded In the extruder at a spinning temperature of 180~260 °C, the extruder with the core-core cross-section nozzle has polypropylene (B) as the skin layer and polypropylene (A) as the core layer and the compound ratio is 80:20~ Extrusion at 20:80, and then coiling at a spinning speed of 2,000 to 3,500 m/min, to obtain a sheath-core type composite fiber as an undrawn yarn, and then performing false twisting processing at, for example, a hot plate temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. False-twisted silk-core composite fiber.

In addition, in the method for producing the above two kinds of sheath-core type composite fibers, the polypropylene and the nano-sphere powder may be added in a step (1) with a further appropriate amount (for example, the total amount of the mixture after the addition is 5% by weight or less relative to the total amount of the mixture). The anhydride-grafted polypropylene compatibilizer is uniformly mixed, and then subjected to subsequent processes such as blending, extrusion, and pelletizing.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a garment which is lightweight and has good dyeability by using the sheath-core type composite fiber.

According to the above manufacturing method, the present invention can provide a sheath-core type composite fiber having a skin layer and a core layer. When the core-core type composite section of the present invention is spun, since the sheath core layer is polypropylene, the sheath core can be improved. The problem of poor spinnability and bundling property due to phase separation between the polymer interfaces is excellent, and the dyeability of the present invention is excellent, and the problem that the conventional polyolefin-based fibers cannot be dyed can be solved.

Sheath-core type with the present invention dyeable with composite fibers, a specific gravity of less than 1.0g / cm ^3; characterized in that the fiber-based core and a skin layer made of the compound, the polypropylene-based skin layer (B) is In the constitution, the core layer is composed of polypropylene (A) in which nanosphere powder is dispersed, and the average particle diameter of the nanosphere powder in the polypropylene is more than 0.3 μm and less than 50 μm.

The "sheath core type composite fiber" referred to in the present invention is obtained by extruding a core layer fiber as a coated layer and a sheath layer fiber as a coating layer through an extruder having a specific section spinning nozzle; The term "sheath core type" as used herein, except that the core fiber is located in the center of the inner layer in a single bundle, and the concept of the concentric structure of the outer sheathed fiber (Fig. 1), the core fiber system is further included. The beam is dispersed in the cortical fibers (Figure 2). Further, in addition to the general circular shape, the cross-sectional shape of the composite fiber of the present invention may be selected from a sheath-core type such as a triangle, a multi-leaf shape, a quadrangular shape, or a cross shape (see the example of FIG. 3).

The composite fiber has a specific gravity of less than 1.0 g/cm ³ , preferably less than 0.99 g/cm ³ , and more preferably less than 0.97.

The composite fiber of the present invention, wherein the nanosphere powder constituting the core layer, in addition to polymethyl methacrylate, may be selected from polystyrene or a combination of two. The present invention is characterized in that the nano microsphere powder such as polymethyl methacrylate is uniformly dispersed in the continuous phase of the polypropylene to form a sphere, and the average particle diameter thereof is preferably less than 50 μm when dispersed. When the phase average particle diameter is larger than 50 μm, the spinnability is affected and the hairiness is easily caused in the subsequent stage processing, resulting in difficulty in controlling the production quality. Preferably, the average particle size is less than 20 μm. On the other hand, the average particle diameter is recommended to be larger than 0.3 μm. The reason is that if the average particle diameter is less than 0.3 μm, The nanosphere powder is prone to agglomeration during the mixing process to produce large-sized agglomerates, which may adversely affect the subsequent spinnability. The measurement of the particle size of the nanospheres in the dispersed phase allows the molten polymer extruded from the extruder to be pelletized, and the particle size is measured by an electron microscope.

The melt index (hereinafter referred to as MFR) of the polypropylene used in the skin layer and the core layer of the present invention is between 10 and 60 g/10 min. When the polypropylene melt index is less than 10g/10min, the nanosphere powder is easily dispersed unevenly. When the polypropylene melt index is higher than 60g/10min, the fluidity is high, so that the viscoelasticity is insufficient and the yarn is easily broken. Lead to poor spinnability. The polypropylene melt index is optimal between 20 and 40 g/10 min. The MFR test method was carried out by ASTM D-1238 test method under the conditions of a measurement temperature of 230 ° C and a load of 2.16 kg. Further, the MFR value used for the skin layer and the core layer can be arbitrarily adjusted within the above range as needed, and is not particularly limited.

The nanosphere powder contained in the core layer of the composite fiber of the present invention, when the content thereof exceeds 50% by weight, the average particle diameter of the nanosphere powder present in the polypropylene in the form of a dispersed phase is increased. Large and agglomerated, the dispersion effect is not ideal, which in turn affects the compatibility of the overall polymer. On the other hand, when the content of the nanosphere powder in the core layer is less than 5% by weight and the content of the composite fiber as a whole is reduced to 3% by weight or less by the composite spinning, the dyeing property is lowered. It is impossible to reach the degree of dyeing of man-made fibers required for commercialization. That is, the content of the nanosphere powder relative to the composite fiber as a whole has a direct influence on the dyeing property of the composite fiber, when the nanosphere powder is relatively solid relative to the composite fiber. When the content of the body is less than 3% by weight, the dyeing performance of the composite fiber is remarkably lowered, resulting in the dyeing of the knitted fabric being too shallow. As the nano-microsphere powder content increases, its dyeing and coloring properties increase. However, when the content of the nanosphere powder relative to the entire composite fiber is more than 20% by weight, the composite fiber tends to have a decrease in physical strength and a decrease in spinnability. The preferred nanosphere microsphere powder content is 5-17% by weight of the composite fiber, and the optimal nanosphere powder content is 5-15% by weight of the composite fiber.

In the composite fiber of the present invention, the composite ratio of the skin layer to the core layer is between 80/20 and 20/80. If the proportion of the skin layer is less than 20%, the skin layer cannot completely cover the core layer, and it is easy to be damaged, which affects the spinning workability. On the other hand, if the proportion of the core layer is less than 20%, it is relatively unfavorable for the spinning workability to increase the content of the nanosphere powder. Further, the composite ratio is preferably 65/35 to 30/70, and most preferably 45/55 to 35/65.

In the present invention, the polypropylene composite fiber as the sheath core layer may be long fibers or short fibers.

In the present invention, a stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a flame retardant, or the like may be added during the blending or the subsequent step, without affecting the purpose or effect thereof. Plasticizers, lubricants, heat stabilizers, etc., to increase their special functionality. The polypropylene of the skin layer and the polypropylene of the core layer may also be added with at least one or more of the following particles in an amount of 0.05 to 3% by weight, such as inert particles such as cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, calcium carbonate or barium sulfate.

The composite fiber of the present invention is used for clothing, and its single root (*d dff, Danny divided by the number of roots, such as 75/36dpf=2.08) fiber Dani number should be Below 5d, it is preferably 3d or less, and more preferably 2d or less.

The composite fiber of the present invention using polypropylene as a base material not only maintains the original lightweightness of the polypropylene fiber, but also imparts a dyeable effect to the polypropylene fiber.

Hereinafter, a method of producing the sheath-core type composite fiber of the present invention will be described in detail.

The method for producing a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability (hereinafter also referred to as the first production method of the present invention); which is obtained by the following steps: (1). 50 to 95 parts by weight After the polypropylene is uniformly mixed with 5 to 50 parts by weight of the nanosphere powder, the mixture is melted at a blending temperature of 180 to 250 ° C, and then extruded and pelletized to obtain a polymer having uniform dispersion of the nanosphere powder. Propylene (A); and (2). The polypropylene (B) and the above polypropylene (A) are melt-extruded from a spinning core having a sheath-core type at a spinning temperature of 180 to 260 °C. The extruder uses polypropylene (B) as the skin layer, polypropylene (A) as the core layer and the compounding ratio of 80:20~20:80 for extrusion, and the spinning speed is 2000~4000m/min to obtain the sheath core. Type composite fiber.

The polypropylene used for the production of the polypropylene (A) may be in the form of granules, pulverized or pulverized, and these shapes may be used singly or in combination of two or more kinds, and may be used together with polymethyl methacrylate. The rice microsphere powder and the compatibilizing agent (for example, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene compatibilizer) which are further appropriately added according to the situation are premixed, and then blended and blended, and the twin-screw kneading machine and the single-screw kneading machine are used. , twin-screw extruder or single-screw extruder, the blending temperature is controlled between 180~250 °C, the best Extrusion and pelletizing were carried out between 200 and 240 ° C to obtain a polypropylene (A) having a nanosphere powder.

The polypropylene (A) having the nanosphere powder as the core layer produced by the first manufacturing method of the present invention described above can be used in the process of composite spinning with the polypropylene (B) as the skin layer. Know the manufacture of melt spinning equipment. Specifically, the polypropylene (B) and the dyed polypropylene (A) having a nanosphere powder are melt-extruded in an extruder having a sheath-core type composite spinning nozzle to form a sheath core. Type fiber. Spinning with a sheath-core composite cross section improves the spinnability and poor bunching properties of the polymer interface due to phase separation. The strands of the composite fiber ejected from the spun nozzle can be processed without being stretched and shaped, that is, after being wound up at a high speed. If necessary, it can be stretched, shaped, and wound at high speed before processing or direct use.

Wherein, the melt spinning method can produce polypropylene spun drawn yarn according to different equipment or polypropylene undrawn yarn and then false twist processing to obtain polypropylene false twisted silk, or polypropylene spun tensile The wire is then subjected to air false twisting to obtain a polypropylene false twisted textured yarn.

Specifically, the composite fiber production step of the first manufacturing method of the present invention is such that the polypropylene (B) and the polypropylene (A) having the nanosphere powder have a composite ratio of 80:20 to 20:80. The method is carried out by metering and polymer-conducting, and is respectively melted and extruded through an extruder having a sheath-core type cross-section spinning nozzle. At this time, the spinning temperature is controlled at 180 to 260 ° C, and then cooled and solidified by air cooling. Then, the desired composite fiber is obtained by winding at a spinning speed of 2000 to 4000 m/min. In addition, the composite fiber can be stretched at a stretching temperature of 50 to 110 ° C and a stretching ratio of 4.5 to 1.5 times. The setting is carried out at a setting temperature of 80 to 150 ° C, and then a spinning speed of 2000 to 4000 m/min is taken up to obtain a polypropylene spinning drawn yarn having a nanosphere powder content of 5 to 20% by weight relative to the entire composite fiber. . The spun drawn yarn can be further subjected to air false twisting to obtain a false twisted textured yarn.

In the present invention, the blending temperature is controlled between 180 and 250 °C. The reason is that if the blending temperature is less than 180 ° C, the dispersibility of the microsphere powder in the polypropylene is not good, and aggregation tends to occur to form a large-sized dough, which affects spinning. On the other hand, if the blending temperature is greater than 250 ° C, it is necessary to increase the energy cost, which is contrary to the current trend of energy saving. The blending temperature is preferably between 200 and 240 °C.

As described above, in the present invention, it is also possible to add an appropriate amount (for example, 5% by weight or less relative to the total amount of the mixture after the addition) of a compatibilizing agent (for example, maleic anhydride grafting) while mixing the polypropylene and the microsphere powder. Polypropylene compatibilizer), in order to properly improve the compatibility of polypropylene and nanosphere powder, is more conducive to spinning workability and processing workability.

Further, in the present invention, the spinning temperature is controlled at 180 to 260 °C. The reason is that if the spinning temperature is lower than 180 ° C, the fluidity of the polymer is insufficient, and the spinning is easy to break; on the other hand, if the spinning temperature is higher than 260 ° C, the viscoelasticity of the polymer is insufficient, and the yarn is easily broken. Poor silkiness and increased energy costs. The spinning temperature is preferably 200 to 250 ° C, and most preferably 210 to 240 ° C.

In the present invention, the stretching temperature is controlled at 50 to 110 °C. The reason is that when the temperature is lower than 50 ° C, the monofilament is easily broken during stretching; On the other hand, when the stretching temperature is higher than 110 ° C, the wire shake is easily generated to affect the spinnability.

In the present invention, the draw ratio is controlled to be 4.5 to 1.5 times, which is mainly adjusted according to the elongation at break required for the composite fiber.

In the present invention, the setting temperature is controlled at 80 to 150 °C. The reason is that when the setting temperature is lower than 80 ° C, the monofilament is easily broken and the number of filaments is large; on the other hand, when the setting temperature is higher than 150 ° C, the fiber is liable to be fused on the heat roller, causing the yarn to be broken. In general, too high or too low setting temperatures are detrimental to manufacturing management and affect spinning.

In the present invention, the spinning speed is controlled at 2000 to 4000 m/min. The reason for this is that if the spinning speed is less than 2000 m/min, the production cost is high. On the other hand, when the spinning speed is more than 4000 m/min, the yarn breakage rate is increased and the spinnability is deteriorated. The spinning speed is preferably controlled at 2500~3500m/min, and the optimal control is 2600~3300m/min.

A further method for producing a skin-shell type composite fiber having dyeability (hereinafter also referred to as a second production method of the present invention); which is obtained by the following steps: (1). 50 to 95 The parts by weight of the polypropylene are uniformly mixed with 5 to 50 parts by weight of the nanosphere powder, and after being blended at a blending temperature of 180 to 250 ° C, the mixture is extruded and pelletized to obtain a uniformity of the nanosphere powder. Dispersed polypropylene (A); and (2). The polypropylene (B) and the above polypropylene (A) are spun from a core-core section at a spinning temperature of 180 to 260 ° C by melt extrusion. The extruder of the mouth uses polypropylene (B) as the skin layer and polypropylene (A) as the core layer and composite The ratio is 80:20~20:80, and then coiled at a spinning speed of 2500~3300m/min to obtain a sheath-core composite fiber as an undrawn yarn, and then subjected to a hot plate temperature of 100~230 °C. The enamel is processed to obtain a sheath-core type composite fiber which is a false twisted textured yarn.

The process conditions related to the step (1) in the second manufacturing method of the present invention are the same as those described in the first manufacturing method of the present invention, and will not be described herein.

The step (2) of the second manufacturing method of the present invention is such that the polypropylene (B) and the polypropylene (A) having the nanosphere powder are metered in such a manner as to achieve a composite ratio of 80:20 to 20:80. The polymer is diverted and melted by an extruder with a sheath-core cross-section spinning nozzle. The spinning temperature is controlled at 180-260 ° C, then cooled by air cooling, solidified, and then spun. The core speed composite fiber of the undrawn yarn is obtained by winding the yarn at a speed of 2,000 to 3,500 m/min, and the false twisted yarn is obtained by, for example, hot stretching at 100 to 200 ° C and false twisting.

In the second manufacturing method of the present invention, the spinning speed is controlled at 2000 to 3500 m/min, because the spinning cost is less than 2000 m/min, and the manufacturing cost is high; on the other hand, if the spinning speed is more than 3500 m/min, The appearance of the silk cake is not good, and the processing process is prone to poor yarn output, which affects the workability. The spinning speed is preferably controlled at 2500~3300m/min, and the optimal control is 2600~3000m/min.

In the case where the first manufacturing method or the second manufacturing method adopts stretching, the stretching can be performed immediately after extrusion from the spinning nozzle, or the stretching is subsequently performed, and the present invention is applicable to the above any method. The stretching can be carried out by usual hot stretching, hot plate stretching, hot roll stretching or the like.

The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples, but the invention is not limited thereto. Further, in the present invention, the physical properties of the produced product are measured and evaluated in accordance with the following methods:

Spinning

Spinning was carried out continuously for 24 hours, and the number of broken filaments during spinning was divided into the following three stages.

○: 0~3 times

△: 4~8 times

×: 8 or more times

2. Dispersed phase particle size measurement

The polypropylene particles containing the nanosphere powder as the core layer were sliced and magnified 1000 times using an electron microscope, and the average particle diameter of the nanosphere powder was measured.

3. Fiber specific gravity

After the non-fibrous material and water were sufficiently removed, the fibers were placed in an appropriate solution of known specific gravity for 24 hours, and the specific gravity of the fibers was tested according to the specific gravity.

4. Dyeing

The obtained spun drawn yarn or false twisted yarn was dyed with a disperse dye at 130 ° C for 40 minutes, and then subjected to reduction washing, water washing, and drying, and the dyeing property was visually evaluated. The dyeing visual evaluation was carried out in the following four stages.

×: dyed light and strip

△: light staining

○: expected dyeing effect

◎: Deep dyeing effect

5. Color fastness

Tested by ASTM AATCC 61-2006 2A

Reference example 1

50 parts by weight of polypropylene and 48 parts by weight of polymethyl methacrylate micropowder particles were added and 2 parts by weight of polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride was added for premixing, and then blended in an extruder at a blending temperature of 210 ° C. Then, it was extruded and pelletized to obtain a dye-containing polypropylene pellet (A) containing 48% by weight of polymethyl methacrylate.

Example 1

(I). Method for producing polypropylene particles (A) with dyeing properties:

81 parts by weight of polypropylene and 19 parts by weight of polymethyl methacrylate micropowder spheres were pre-mixed, and then blended in an extruder at a blending temperature of 210 ° C, and then extruded and pelletized to obtain a polycondensation. Methyl methacrylate 19% by weight of dyeable polypropylene particles (A), wherein the nanofine powder spheres have an average particle diameter of 15 μm.

(2) Manufacturing method of polypropylene composite fiber with dyeing characteristics:

The polypropylene (B) and the polypropylene particles (A) containing the polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder are separately melted in an extruder, and then the polymer is flowed to the spinning head to a composite ratio of 50. :50 is sprayed from the core-core section nozzle at 250 ° C, cooled and solidified by 0.5 m / s cooling air to form a polymer The propylene yarn was stretched at a stretching temperature of 70 ° C and a draw ratio of 2.6 times, and then set at a molding temperature of 130 ° C, and then taken up at 3,500 m/min to obtain a polymethyl methacrylate nanometer. The content of the spherical powder relative to the entire composite fiber was 9.5% by weight of 75d/36f polypropylene spun drawn yarn (SDY). The obtained dyed polypropylene conjugate fiber was further woven with a garter machine as a woven base material, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. The dyed woven substrate is darkly colored and has a dye fastness of 4 to 5 (see Table 1).

Example 2

(1) Method for producing dyeable polypropylene particles (A):

80 parts by weight of polypropylene and 19 parts by weight of polymethyl methacrylate micropowder spheres were added and 1 part by weight of polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride was added for premixing, and then blended in an extruder at a blending temperature of 210 ° C. Then, it was extruded and pelletized to obtain a dye-containing polypropylene pellet (A) containing 19% by weight of polymethyl methacrylate, wherein the nanofine powder sphere had an average particle diameter of 13 μm.

(2) Manufacturing method of dyed polypropylene composite fiber:

The polypropylene (B) and the polypropylene particles (A) containing the polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder are separately melted in an extruder, and then the polymer is flowed to the spinning head to a composite ratio of 50. : 50 is sprayed from the core-core section nozzle at 250 ° C, cooled and solidified by 0.5 m / s cooling air to form a polypropylene thread, and then stretched at a stretching temperature of 70 ° C and a draw ratio of 2.56 times. , set at a setting temperature of 130 ° C, and then coiled at 3500 m / min, to obtain the polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder containing relative to The content of the composite fiber as a whole was 9.5% by weight of 75d/36f polypropylene spun drawn yarn (SDY). The obtained dyed polypropylene conjugate fiber was further woven with a garter machine as a woven base material, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. The dyed woven substrate is darkly colored and has a dye fastness of 4 to 5 (see Table 1).

Example 3

According to the method for producing the dyed polypropylene granules of Example 1, the ratio of the polypropylene to the polymethyl methacrylate micropowder sphere is adjusted and the polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride is added to obtain the polymethyl methacrylate-containing 26 weight. % of the dyeable polypropylene particles (A), wherein the nanofine powder spheres have an average particle diameter of 15 μm. The polypropylene (B) and the dyeable polypropylene pellet (A) were separately melted in an extruder, and then sprayed at a mixing ratio of 50:50 from a sheath-core type nozzle at 250 ° C, and cooled at 0.5 m/s. The oil was cooled and solidified to form a polypropylene filament, and then stretched at a stretching temperature of 70 ° C and a draw ratio of 2.34 times, and then set at a setting temperature of 130 ° C, and then taken up at 3500 m / min to obtain a polycondensation. The content of the methyl methacrylate nanosphere powder relative to the composite fiber as a whole was 13% by weight of 75d/36f polypropylene spun drawn yarn (SDY). The obtained dyed polypropylene conjugate fiber was further woven with a garter machine as a woven base material, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. The dyed woven substrate is darkly colored and has a dye fastness of 4 to 5 or more.

Comparative example 1

Adjusting the ratio of polypropylene to polymethyl methacrylate micropowder and adding polypropylene according to the method for producing the dyed polypropylene granules of Example 1. The olefin was grafted with maleic anhydride to obtain 5.6 wt% of dyeable polypropylene particles (A) containing polymethyl methacrylate, wherein the nanofine powder spheres had an average particle diameter of 13 μm. The polypropylene (B) and the polypropylene pellet (A) were separately melted in an extruder, and then sprayed at a mixing ratio of 50:50 from a sheath-core type nozzle at 250 ° C, and cooled by a cooling air of 0.5 m/s. The oil is solidified to form a polypropylene fiber strand, and then stretched at a stretching temperature of 70 ° C and a draw ratio of 2.74 times, and then set at a setting temperature of 130 ° C, and then taken up at 3500 m / min to obtain a polyether. The content of the methyl acrylate nanosphere powder was 2.8 wt% of a 75 d/36 f polypropylene spun drawn yarn with respect to the entire composite fiber. The obtained polypropylene composite fiber having dyeability was further woven as a woven base material by a garter machine, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. The dyed woven substrate is light in color and has poor coloring properties.

Comparative example 2

According to the method for producing the dyed polypropylene granules of Example 1, the ratio of the polypropylene to the polymethyl methacrylate micropowder sphere is adjusted and the polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride is added to obtain the polymethyl methacrylate-containing 42 weight. % of the dyeable polypropylene particles (A), wherein the nanofine powder spheres have an average particle diameter of 22 μm. The polypropylene (B) and the dyeable polypropylene pellet (A) were respectively melted in an extruder, and then sprayed at a mixing ratio of 50:50 from a sheath-core type nozzle at 250 ° C, and passed through 0.5 m/s. The air was cooled and solidified by cooling air to form a polypropylene fiber strand, and then stretched at a stretching temperature of 70 ° C and a draw ratio of 2.14 times, and then set at a setting temperature of 130 ° C, and then taken up at 3500 m / min to obtain Polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere The powder was stretched by 75 d/36 f polypropylene spun yarn in an amount of 21% by weight relative to the entire composite fiber. The obtained polypropylene composite fiber having dyeability was further woven as a woven base material by a garter machine, and dyed using a disperse dyeing dyeing at a dyeing condition of 130 ° C for 40 minutes. The dyed woven substrate is darkly colored, but the spinnability is barely acceptable.

Comparative example 3

A dyed polypropylene (A) containing nanofine powder spheres (having an average particle diameter of about 22 μm) was prepared. The polypropylene (B) and the dyed polypropylene (A) were separately melted in an extruder, and then sprayed at a mixing ratio of 50:50 from a sheath-core type nozzle at 250 ° C, and cooled at 0.5 m/s. The mixture was cooled and solidified by air to form a polypropylene filament, and then stretched at a stretching temperature of 70 ° C and a draw ratio of 2.34 times, and then set at a setting temperature of 130 ° C, and then taken up at 3500 m/min to obtain The polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder has a content of 9.5% by weight of 75d/36f polypropylene spun drawn yarn relative to the entire composite fiber. The obtained polypropylene composite fiber having dyeability was further woven as a woven base material by a garter machine, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. The dyed woven substrate is darkly colored, but the spinnability is barely acceptable.

Comparative example 4

A dyed polypropylene (A) containing nanofine powder spheres (having an average particle diameter of about 65 μm) was prepared. The polypropylene (B) and the dyed polypropylene (A) were respectively melted in an extruder, and then ejected at a mixing ratio of 50:50 from a sheath-core type nozzle at 250 ° C to obtain a polymethyl group. The content of the methyl acrylate nanosphere powder relative to the composite fiber as a whole was 9.5% by weight of 75d/36f polypropylene spun drawn yarn. It was found to be very poor in spinning during the spinning process.

Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 5 to 6

Polypropylene (B) (cortex) and 19% by weight of polymethyl methacrylate dyed polypropylene particles (A) (core layer) were respectively taken according to different compounding ratios shown in Table 3 to be extruded. After being melted separately, the machine was sprayed at 250 ° C by a sheath-core section nozzle, cooled and solidified by a cooling air of 0.5 m/s to form a polypropylene filament, and then pulled at a stretching temperature of 70 ° C and a draw ratio of 2.34 times. After stretching, it was set at a setting temperature of 130 ° C, and then taken up at 3500 m/min to obtain a 75d/36f polypropylene spun drawn yarn (SDY). Further, it was woven with a garter machine as a woven base material, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. Its fiber properties are shown in Table 3.

Comparative Example 7~9

The polypropylene (B) and the polyester pellets shown in Table 4 were separately melted in an extruder, and then sprayed at 280 ° C from a sheath-core type cross-section nozzle at a compounding ratio of 50:50, and cooled by a cooling air of 0.5 m/s. Curing and oiling, forming a polypropylene filament, stretching at a stretching temperature of 85 ° C and a stretching ratio of 2.0 times, shaping at a setting temperature of 150 ° C, and then coiling at 3500 m/min to obtain a 75d/36f polypropylene. Spin-drawn yarn (SDY). Further, it was woven with a garter machine as a woven base material, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. Its fiber properties are shown in Table 4.

Example 7

(1) Method for producing dyeable polypropylene particles (A):

After mixing 61 parts by weight of polypropylene with 38 parts by weight of polymethyl methacrylate micropowder spheres and 1 part by weight of polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, blending in a extruder at a blending temperature of 220 ° C, and then extruding The pellets were obtained by cutting and granulating to obtain 38% by weight of polymethyl methacrylate dyeable polypropylene particles (A), wherein the nanofine powder spheres had an average particle diameter of 13 μm.

(2) Manufacturing method of dyed polypropylene composite fiber:

First, polypropylene (B) and polypropylene particles (A) containing polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder are metered and mixed into a polymethyl methacrylate-containing 19 weight by a mixer at a weight ratio of 50:50. % of dyeable polypropylene (A-1).

Further, the polypropylene (B) and the polypropylene particles (A-1) containing the polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder are separately melted by an extruder, and then the polymer is flowed to the spinning head to The composite ratio of 50:50 is sprayed from the core-core section nozzle at 250 ° C, cooled and solidified by 0.5 m / s cooling air to form a polypropylene thread, and then stretched at a temperature of 70 ° C and a draw ratio of 2.56 times. After stretching, it was set at a setting temperature of 130 ° C, and then coiled at 3,500 m/min to obtain 75 wt/36f of the polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder containing 9.5 wt% of the total composite fiber. Polypropylene spun drawn yarn (SDY). The obtained dyed polypropylene conjugate fiber was further woven with a garter machine as a woven base material, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. Dyed The woven base material is darkly colored and has a dye fastness of 4 to 5 or more.

Example 8

The polypropylene (B) and the dyeable polypropylene pellet (A) of Example 1 were separately melted in an extruder, and then spouted at a mixing ratio of 50:50 from a sheath-core type nozzle at 250 ° C. The m/s cooling air is cooled and solidified to form a polypropylene thread, and then stretched at a stretching temperature of 70 ° C and a draw ratio of 2.15 times, and then set at a setting temperature of 130 ° C, and then taken up at 3500 m/min. A 78 d/36 f polypropylene spun drawn yarn containing a polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder having a content of 9.5% by weight based on the entire composite fiber was obtained. Further, the spun drawn yarn was stretched at a temperature of 150 ° C and a draw ratio of 1.35 times, and set at a molding temperature of 150 ° C to obtain a polypropylene false twist yarn (DTY) of 50 d / 36 f. The obtained dyed polypropylene conjugate fiber was further woven with a garter machine as a woven base material, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. The dyed woven substrate is darkly colored and has a dye fastness of 4 to 5 or more.

Example 9

The polypropylene (B) and the dyed polypropylene granules (A) obtained by the production method of Example 1 were separately melted in an extruder, and then subjected to a core-type cross-section nozzle at a compound ratio of 50:50. Dissolved at °C, cooled and solidified by 0.5m/s cooling air to form a polypropylene thread, and then stretched at a stretching temperature of 70 ° C and a stretching ratio of 2.56 times, and then shaped at a setting temperature of 130 ° C. The coil was taken up at 3,500 m/min to obtain a 78 d/36f polypropylene spun drawn yarn containing the polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder in an amount of 9.5% by weight based on the entire composite fiber. The spinning The wire was drawn and subjected to an air false twisting process to obtain a 78d/36f polypropylene air false twist wire (ATY). The obtained dyed polypropylene conjugate fiber was further woven with a garter machine as a woven base material, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. The dyed woven substrate is darkly colored and has a dye fastness of 4 to 5.

Example 10

The polypropylene (B) and the dyed polypropylene granules (A) obtained by the production method of Example 1 were separately melted in an extruder, and then subjected to a core-type cross-section nozzle at a compound ratio of 50:50. Sprayed at °C, cooled and solidified by 0.5m/s cooling air to form polypropylene filament strips, which were directly drawn at a spinning speed of 2800m/min without stretching by heating to obtain polymethyl methacrylate-containing nanometer. The content of the microsphere powder relative to the entire composite fiber was 9.5% by weight of 120d/36f polypropylene undrawn yarn. Further, the undrawn yarn was stretched at a temperature of 150 ° C and a draw ratio of 1.7 times, and fixed at a molding temperature of 150 ° C to obtain a 75 d/36 f polypropylene false twist yarn (DTY). The obtained dyed polypropylene conjugate fiber was further woven with a garter machine as a woven base material, and dyed using a disperse dye under the dyeing conditions of 130 ° C * 40 minutes. The dyed woven substrate is darkly colored and has a dye fastness of 4 to 5 or more.

It can be seen from the above Table 1 that the composite fibers of Examples 1 to 3 have an average particle diameter of about 13 μm to about 15 due to the polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder dispersed in the polypropylene (A). Between μ m and the content of the composite fiber as a whole is between 9.5 and 13% by weight, excellent results can be achieved in terms of spinnability, dyeability and color fastness. On the other hand, in the conjugate fiber of Comparative Example 1, the average particle diameter of the polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder dispersed in the polypropylene (A) was 13 μm as in the case of Example 2, but The content of the composite fiber alone was only 2.8% by weight, and as a result, although good results were obtained in terms of spinnability and fiber specific gravity, it was not sufficient in dyeability; and the composite fiber of Comparative Example 2 was dispersed in The polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder in the polypropylene (A) has an average particle diameter of 22 μm and is as high as 21% by weight based on the entire composite fiber. As a result, although the dyeability is good, However, the spinning is barely acceptable.

As can be seen from Table 2, the composite fiber of Example 2 was excellent in spinnability, dyeability, and color fastness, and the polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder in the composite fiber of Comparative Example 3 was obtained. The average particle size is about 22 μm (greater than 20 μm ), so although the dyeing property and the color fastness are good, the effect on spinning is not good; and the polymethyl group in the composite fiber of Comparative Example 4 The average particle size of the methyl acrylate nanosphere powder is about 65 μm (greater than 50 μm ), so the spinnability is very poor.

It can be seen from Table 3 that the composite fibers of Examples 2 and 4-6 have a spinning ratio, dyeability and color fastness, since the compounding ratio selected in the manufacturing process is between 20:80 and 80:20. Both are good. On the other hand, Comparative Example 5 is a single fiber obtained only from a single layer of polypropylene, and although the spinnability is good, it cannot be dyed; and the composite fiber of Comparative Example 6 has a compounding ratio of 15:85, so The spinnability and fiber specific gravity are good, but the content of polymethyl methacrylate nanosphere powder is only 2.8% by weight relative to the composite fiber as a whole, and the dyeability is poor and there is a skin layer package. Poor coverage.

As is clear from Table 4, in Example 1, since both the core layer and the skin layer were made of a composite fiber of polypropylene, it was excellent in spinnability, dyeability, and color fastness. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 7 to 9, the core layer and the skin layer were made of different materials, and as a result, the spinnability, the fiber specific gravity, the dyeability, and the color fastness were poor, and the polymer interface between the sheath core layers was Serious phase separation.

According to the sheath-core type composite fiber produced by the above-described production method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a garment which is light in weight and excellent in dyeability, and can solve the problem that although the polyolefin-made garment can retain the lightweight property, it cannot be excellent. Dyeing problem.

A‧‧‧PP (core layer)

B‧‧‧Polypropylene (cortex)

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a sheath-core type composite fiber of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a sheath-core type composite fiber of the present invention.

3A to 3C are schematic cross-sectional views showing other embodiments of the sheath-core type composite fiber of the present invention.

A‧‧‧PP (core layer)

B‧‧‧Polypropylene (cortex)

Claims (21)

A sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability, wherein the fiber has a specific gravity of less than 1.0 g/cm ³ ; and the fiber layer is composed of a skin layer and a core layer, the skin layer being composed of polypropylene, the core layer The polypropylene microsphere powder is dispersed in the polypropylene microsphere powder, and the average particle diameter of the nano microsphere powder is more than 0.3 μm and less than 50 μm; the material of the nano microsphere powder is selected. Self-polymerized with one or more of methyl methacrylate and polystyrene. The sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the nano-microsphere powder has an average particle diameter of less than 20 μm in the polyolefin. The sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nano-microsphere powder accounts for 3 to 20% by weight based on the total amount of the composite fiber. The sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nanosphere powder accounts for 5 to 15% by weight based on the total amount of the composite fiber. Patent as having a range of 1 or 2 dyeability of sheath-core type composite fiber, wherein the fiber specific gravity of less than 0.99g / cm ^3. A sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability as claimed in claim 5, wherein the fiber specific gravity is less than 0.97 g/cm ³ . For example, the sheath-core type composite fiber having the dyeability of the first or second aspect of the patent application, wherein the single fiber has a Dani number of 5 d or less. For example, the skin-core type composite fiber having the dyeability of the seventh aspect of the patent application, wherein the single fiber has a Danny number of 3d or less. For example, the skin-core type composite fiber having the dyeability of the eighth item of the patent application, wherein the single fiber has a Danny number of 2d or less. A sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the composite fiber is a spun drawn yarn. A sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the composite fiber is a false twisted textured yarn. A sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the core layer further contains a maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene compatibilizer. A clothing type, which is a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability as disclosed in any one of claims 1 to 12. A method for producing a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability, which is used for producing a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; comprising the steps of: (1). 50~95 parts by weight of polypropylene and 5~50 parts by weight of nanosphere powder are uniformly mixed, and then subjected to screw blending at a blending temperature of 180-250 ° C, followed by extrusion and pelletizing. a polypropylene (A) having a uniform dispersion of nanosphere powder; and (2) a spinning temperature of the polypropylene (B) and the above polypropylene (A) by melt extrusion at 180 to 260 ° C Under the core The extruder of the cross-section spinning nozzle adopts polypropylene (B) as the skin layer and polypropylene (A) as the core layer and the compounding ratio is 80:20~20:80 for extrusion, and the spinning speed is 2000~4000m/min. The sheath-core type composite fiber is obtained by winding. A method for producing a skin-core type composite fiber having dyeability according to claim 14 wherein the step (1) is a polypropylene, a nanosphere powder, and a further added maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene phase. After the mixture is uniformly mixed, the mixture is melted at a blending temperature of 180 to 250 ° C, and then extruded and pelletized to obtain a polypropylene (A) having a uniform dispersion of the nanosphere powder. The method for producing a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability according to claim 14 or 15 is for a sheath-core type composite fiber obtained by the step (2), further having a stretching temperature of 50 to 110 ° C, The stretching ratio is 4.5 to 1.5 times, the stretching is carried out, and the molding is carried out at a setting temperature of 80 to 150 ° C, and then wound at a spinning speed of 2000 to 4000 m/min to obtain a sheath-core type composite fiber as a spinning drawn yarn. The method for producing a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability according to the scope of claim 16 is a false-twist processing of a sheath-core type composite fiber as a spun drawn yarn, and obtaining a sheath-core type as a false twisted textured yarn. Composite fiber. A method for producing a sheath-core composite fiber having dyeability according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the material of the nanosphere powder is It is selected from one of polymethyl methacrylate and polystyrene. A method for producing a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability, which is used for manufacturing a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability as claimed in claim 11; comprising the following steps: (1). ~95 parts by weight of polypropylene and 5~50 parts by weight of nanosphere powder are uniformly mixed, and after being blended at a blending temperature of 180-250 ° C, extrusion and granulation are carried out to obtain nano microsphere powder. The uniformly dispersed polypropylene (A); and (2). The polypropylene (B) and the above polypropylene (A) are melt-extruded from a spinning core at a spinning temperature of 180 to 260 ° C. The extruder of the surface spinning nozzle has polypropylene (B) as the skin layer, polypropylene (A) as the core layer and a composite ratio of 80:20 to 20:80 for extrusion, and then rolls at a spinning speed of 2000 to 3500 m/min. A sheath-core type composite fiber as an undrawn yarn was obtained, and subjected to false twist processing to obtain a sheath-core type composite fiber as a false twisted textured yarn. The method for manufacturing a skin-core type composite fiber having dyeability according to claim 19, wherein the step (1) is a polypropylene, a nanosphere powder, and a further added maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene phase. After the mixture is uniformly mixed, the screw is blended at a temperature of 180 to 250 ° C. After blending, extrusion and granulation are carried out to obtain polypropylene (A) having a uniform dispersion of nanosphere powder. The method for manufacturing a sheath-core type composite fiber having dyeability according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the material of the nanosphere powder is one selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate and polystyrene. Above.