TW505812B - Front-illuminating device and reflective-type liquid crystal display using such a device - Google Patents

Abstract

The front-illuminating device of the present invention is installed on the front face of illuminated material of reflective type LCD or the like, which comprises a light source and a light guide body. The light guide body has: an incident surface to transmit the light from the light source; the first exit surface for the light to exit toward the illuminated material; the second exit surface which is opposed to the first exit surface for the reflected light from the illuminated material to exit. The second exit surface is formed by alternately arranging the inclined surfaces and the flat parts into the step-like structure, the light from said the first exit surface exiting toward the illuminated material is reflected by the illuminated material, the reflected light from said the first exit surface passes through said flat parts and reaches the observer side. At this time, the component of said light of light source, which is parallel to the flat parts, is reflected by said inclined part and irradiates the illuminated parts. Therefore, the present invention can provide a brighter front-illuminating device with increased utilization efficiency of the light of light source.

Description

N Description of the invention (The complex jaw field) The present invention relates to the use of being placed between an object to be illuminated and an observer, and to irradiate light on the object to be illuminated. In addition, in the future, the reflected light from the skin illumination object can be observed. The user should perceive the reflected light to form a front lighting device and a reflective liquid crystal display device having the front lighting device as an auxiliary light source. F Manmin background liquid crystal display device, CRT (Cathade Ray Tube), PDP (Plasma Display Panel) or EL (Electro Luminescence) and other display devices are different, the liquid crystal itself does not emit light, by adjusting the amount of transmitted light from a specific light source, display text or images.

The conventional liquid crystal display device (hereinafter referred to as LCD: Liquid Crystal Display) can be roughly divided into a transmissive LCD and a reflective LCD. The transmissive LCD is located on the back of the liquid crystal cell, and is equipped with a fluorescent tube as a light source (backlight) or a surface-emitting light source such as EL. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. On the other hand, the reflective LCD display uses ambient light for display, so there is no need for a backlight, which reduces the power consumption. Also, in a place where direct sunlight is very high, the display of the transmissive LCD is almost invisible in the light-emitting display, and in contrast, the reflective LC D can be seen more clearly. Therefore, the reflection type LCD is used for information terminals or car computers in recent years. 'However, the reflection type LC D has the following problems. That is, the reflective type [c D is based on the use of ambient light, and the degree of dependence of display brightness on the surrounding environment is very high. Therefore, especially in the dark at night, the display is sometimes almost completely indistinguishable. _4 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) 505812 A7 ’_____B7 V. Description of the invention (2). Among them, the reflection type L C D using a color-cutting filter or the reflection type L C D using a polarizing plate for colorization is particularly problematic, and it is necessary to have sufficient ambient light that cannot be obtained. Auxiliary lighting in case. However, the reflection type LCD is provided with a reflection plate on the back of the liquid crystal cell, and the backlight cannot be used like the transmission type LCD. Although a device called a semi-transmissive type LCD using a half mirror as a reflecting plate has been proposed, its display characteristics are neither transmissive nor reflective, and are half-toned, which is difficult to put into practice. Here, conventionally, in the auxiliary lighting of the reflection type LC in the case of dark surroundings, a front light system has been proposed for disposing in front of the liquid crystal cell. Previously, light systems generally had a light guide and a light source disposed on the side of the light guide. The light from the light source incident from the side of the light guide is conducted inside the light guide, reflects on the shape made on the surface of the light guide, and exits toward the liquid cell side. The emitted light is dimmed in response to the display information while being transmitted through the liquid crystal cell, and is reflected by a reflecting plate disposed on the back side of the liquid crystal cell. This reflected light passes through the light guide again and is emitted toward the observer. This allows the observer to see and display even when the amount of ambient light is insufficient. This kind of 'light is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5 158403, and SID DIGEST P.375 (1995) printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Here, 'Winter Photograph 51' briefly explains the operation principle of the previous system disclosed by SID DIGEST P.375 (1995). In the above-mentioned front system, one side of one of the light guides 104 having an interface 101 formed by a flat surface 101a and an inclined portion 101b is used as the incident surface 1 where the light from the light source 106 is incident. 〇5. That is, the light source 106 is arranged on the opposite side of the incident surface ι05 of the light guide body 104. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (ΙΙΟΤ ^^ Γ ----— 505812 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3): From the light source 106 through 105 to the light guide 104, some are directly entered, and some are incident on the interface between the light guide 104 and its surrounding medium 10 1, 108 At this time, the surrounding medium of the light guide 104 is assumed to be air, and the refractive index of the light guide 104 is assumed to be about 1.5. According to Snell's rule (the formula can be seen that the incident angle to the interface 101 and 108 is approximately 4 Light above 1.8 ° can be totally reflected at the interfaces 101 and 108. ni · Sin (91 = n2 # Si n Θ Cncsin (n2 / n 1) ....... ... (Formula 1) where η i is the refractive index of the first medium (here, the light guide 104) η 2 is the refractive index of the second medium (here, the air) θι is from the light guide 104 to the interface The incidence angle of Γύ i ~ 2 is the exit angle from the interface ιοί to the second medium Θ c is the critical angle. The employee consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs prints (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Of the light at the interface 1 〇1, 108, the light at the inclined portion 1 〇b, which is the reflecting surface, is totally reflected, and after the total reflection at the interface 1 008, it is reflected at the inclined portion 10 1 b at the interface 101. The light is incident on the liquid crystal cell π 0 ° and the light incident on the liquid crystal cell 11 〇 After being dimmed by a liquid crystal layer (not shown), the light is reflected by the reflection plate 111 provided on the back of the liquid crystal cell 1 10 and then incident on the light guide 1 〇 4. Transmits the flat portion 〇1a, and is emitted toward the observer 109. In addition, the light incident from the light source 106 through the incident surface 105 to the inclined portion 10b and incident on the flat portion 10la is at the interface 1. 〇1 and interface 108, to reach ____—______- 6-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 505812 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) Inclined part 1 0 1 b So far, the total reflection is repeated and transmitted. It is seen from the observer 10 side (the area of the oblique Shao 010b is smaller than the area of the flat part 〇1a. Here, the above-mentioned knowledge The structure of the previous optical system has the following problems: (1) As shown in Figure 5 2, the total reflection can not reach the inclined part repeatedly. The light of 101b 'or light that is approximately perpendicularly incident on the incident surface 105 is the light that exits from the light guide 104 from the surface 107 opposite to the incident surface 105 and cannot be used for display. That is, light The utilization efficiency is poor. (2) The shape of the interface 10 formed by the inclined portion 101b and the flat portion 10la is exactly similar to the flat shape of the apex of the prism sheet, as shown in Figure 5 115 tends to reflect to the observer i 〇9 side, resulting in poor display quality. These problems are common to most of the former: optical systems. Therefore, even if such a front light system is used, a sufficient light cannot be displayed (reflective L⑽). W can improve the utilization efficiency of the light source of the former system ^. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention was created in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide—to improve the utilization efficiency of light source light, and to uniformly and brightly illuminate the illuminated object. Lighting device, and reflection type liquid crystal display device using the front lighting device. The front lighting device of the present invention has a light guide disposed in front of a light source and an object to be illuminated in order to solve the above-mentioned problem: The light guide includes: light emitted from the light source is incident = incident surface:

505812 V. Description of the invention (5 emission surface,% light emitted to the illuminated object: and the second emission surface, the light of the white bright object will be emitted in the future: In addition, * self-breaking photo above the second emission surface is: The system will come from the tilted Qiu Ming, # # 卩 卩 1 exit surface 10, and Wang Yao will be from the flat part of the illuminated object, α γ β Λ two κ 夂 shot pre-formed In the above structure, the forks are arranged alternately. In the above structure, Zhao Mingyi ..., Yuexian first drew an exit toward the illuminated object, and Φ from the reverse of the illuminated object μ, +, and M printed pairs. The husband and Shang Wan 9 first described the exit surface and then returned to the flat part of the exit surface at the light guide channel to the observer's side. Among the light guides of the above structure, the i 4i J + and aa ^ flat ancient exit surface The opposite brother 2 exit surface, the inclined portion and the thousand W are arranged in a step shape by the father. In addition, in order to read between the flat portion and the flat portion, Shao Zhuan reflects the light from the light source toward the i-th exit surface. Therefore, among the light incident from the light source, all the components parallel to the flat portion are reflected by the inclined portion, and 1 The emission surface is irradiated with the object to be illuminated. As a result, compared with a conventional structure having a light guide body formed in a substantially flat plate shape, in the prior illumination device of the present invention, components of light traveling in parallel with the flat portion will not leak out. It can be irradiated to the light guide outside the light guide. Therefore, it can provide a front lighting device that can improve the utilization efficiency of light from the light source and make it brighter. The light body is the first light guide body, and further includes a second light guide body that averages the luminance distribution of the light emitted from the first exit surface. In the above structure, the first light guide system is formed in a stepped shape. The distance from the inclined portion of the second exit surface to the first exit surface becomes smaller in proportion to the distance from the light source. In addition, the brightness distribution of light from the first exit surface may be uneven. The above structure borrows With the second light guide, the photo size is 8-. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the note on the back before filling in this page j iMW. through Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China. This is a regular lighting device. The above-mentioned lighting is installed ^ From the level of the second exit surface: f solves the above problem, which further includes: in the future, the exit light is Gan F and the exit light from the inclined part The upper part of the light is the compensation mechanism of Si. For the staircase, the reflected light from the flat part and the inclined part of the emitting surface are arranged alternately, and the incident light from the illuminated object toward the exit surface of the Ϊ1 is directed toward the light object. # 女The flat and inclined parts of the exit surface of Haohang 2 emit NW at each phase, which may cause speckles or halo on the image of the illuminated object. In this case, it is provided with an optical compensation plate that focuses the light from the flat surface of the mountain 0, the early tilting button ~, the hanging surface of the hanging 2 and the oblique light from the t-handle. The bright image of the illuminated object can be allowed afterwards. Sanjifang ..., Mingxu set to solve the above-mentioned problems, among which it is more equipped with a diaphragm and a diffuser plate that limit the spread of light from the light source. In the structure I, the light from the light source is mainly emitted from the inclined portion of the second exit surface. In order to reduce the I component leakage to the outside of the light guide body in order to prevent total reflection at the slope, the light from the light source is reduced. The light has a certain degree of directivity, and it is desirable to reduce the components that are incident on the inclined portion at an angle smaller than the critical angle. Therefore, the above-mentioned structure includes a prism sheet and a diffusion plate that restrict the spread of light from the light source. The leakage light from the inclined portion is reduced, the light utilization efficiency can be further improved, and spots or halo on the image of the illuminated object can be prevented. Therefore, a surface light source that can obtain a bright and vivid image of the illuminated object can be realized Front side lighting -9 This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) |, order —) U5812 A7 B7 V. Invention Description (7 Economy In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention is printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Ministry of Standards and Standards, and is characterized by including a reflective liquid crystal element having a reflective plate. With the above structure, the front lighting device. In the above structure, if the surrounding light is sufficient in outdoor areas such as the sun, it can be used with the front lighting device turned off: on the other hand, when sufficient surroundings cannot be obtained When the amount of light is turned on, the front lighting device can be turned on so that W can provide a high-quality reflective liquid crystal display device regardless of the surrounding environment. ^ Other reflective liquid crystal display devices invented to solve the above problems are characterized by : In front of a reflective liquid crystal display element with a reflection plate,: In front of the above-mentioned optical compensation plate The above-mentioned compensating machine = specific pressure is flexible: in addition, the above-mentioned compensating mechanism and its output. Each of the shooting surfaces is provided with a pair of transparent electrodes that detect the applied position by contacting each other. In the front lighting device, a touch panel pen or the like is pressed at a certain position on the surface of the optical compensation plate, and the optical compensation is used to find a pair of transparent and transparent lenses provided on the optical compensation plate and the second exit surface. .If it can be identified, the display on the liquid crystal element can be achieved by using a reflective liquid crystal display device. The other purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention are as follows. Furthermore, the present invention The advantages depend on how and where you can understand.… ,,, and the illustration should be clear (please read the β Cautions on the back before filling out this page) —I order ^^ 1. This paper size is suitable for wealth ® ( CNS) ⑽812 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (8 Brief description of the drawings Fig. 1: A sectional view of the structure of a reflective LCD according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 (a), FIG. 2 (b), and FIG. 2 (c) are diagrams showing the shape of the light guide of the front light provided in the reflective LCD shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 (a) is the direction from the flat portion normal line. View the plan view of the light guide from the top. Figure 2 (b) is a side view of the light guide viewed from the normal direction of the incident surface. Figure 2 (c) is the light guide cut through the normal section in the long direction of the light source. Sectional view of the body. Figures 3 (a), 3 (b), and 3 (c) are explanatory diagrams illustrating the movement of light from the light source within the light-guiding club. Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the movement of light reflected by a reflective plate of a reflective type LCD. Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a measurement system for measuring the light intensity of light before Figs. 2 (a) to 2 (c). Figure 6 is a graph showing the measurement results of light intensity before light shown in Figures 2 (a) to 2 (c). Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Figure 7 (a) is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the emitted light from the light-emitting display and the surrounding light. 'Figure 7 (b) is the output light from the reflective LCD shown in Figure 1. Illustration of the relationship between ambient light. Fig. 8 is a structural sectional view of a reflective type [c d] according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 (a) is a sectional view showing that the distance from the inclined portion of the light guide body to the exit surface of the above-mentioned front light system is uniform in the front light system provided in the reflection type CD shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 9 (b) is for comparison and is shown in Figure 1.

505812 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) The reflective L C D shown in the front light has a non-uniform cross-sectional view from the inclined portion to the front surface of the front light. Fig. 10 (a) and Fig. 0 (b) are diagrams each illustrating a measurement system for measuring the luminance distribution of the light irradiated by the light previously shown in Figs. 9 (a) and 9 (b). Fig. 11 (a) and Fig. 11 (b) are diagrams each explaining the measurement results of the luminance distribution of the light irradiated by the light before the light shown in Figs. 9 (a) and 9 (b). 'Fig. 1.2 is a structural sectional view of a reflective LCD according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the movement of light of the previous optical system provided in the reflective LCD shown in Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 shows the measurement results of the shell distribution of the transmitted light of the reflective system shown in Fig. 12 shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 15 is a reflection LCD of another embodiment of the present invention. Blob or halo principle illustration. Fig. 16 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of an inclined portion of a light guide of the reflective LCD. A structure in which a metal reflective film is provided on the inclined portion. Figures 17 (a) to i7 (e) are cross-sectional views of the steps of forming the above-mentioned metal reflective film. Printed by the Employees' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the light movement pattern of the light guide shown in Figure 16 with a metal reflective film. FIG. 19 is a sectional view of a modification example of the structure shown in FIG. 16. Fig. 20 is a structural sectional view of a reflective LCD according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 1 shows the light between the above-mentioned reflective L c D light guide and the optical compensation plate ---_________- 12-This paper size is applicable to the Zhongguanjia Standard (CNS) M specification (Xunhua 97 public envy) ^ 5812 A7 *, ______B7 V. Schematic diagram of the movement of invention description (1〇). (Please read the precautions on the back and fill in this purchase first.) Figure 22 (a), Figure 22 (b), and Figure 22 (c) are structural diagrams of the reflective LCD of the modified example of the structure shown in Figure 20 Fig. 22 (a) is a cross-sectional view of the reflective LCD, and Figs. 22 (b) and 22 (c) are cross-sectional views of a configuration example of an optical compensation plate of the reflective LCD. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a touch panel provided in a reflective LCD according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram of a structure of a reflective electrode provided on the touch panel. Fig. 25 is a plan view of a structure for detecting the position where the pen is pressed in the above touch panel. FIG. 26 is a sectional view of a state of a part of the touch panel when it is pressed by a pen. Fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a reflection type l c D according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 28 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the condition of total reflection of light incident from the incident surface on the inclined portion in the light guide of the reflective type CD shown in Fig. 27. Fig. 2 · 9 is a view showing the light guide characteristics of the prism sheet provided in the reflection type LCD shown in Fig. 27. Printed in Figure 30 (a) and Figure 30 (b) by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards and Quarantine Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the reflective LCD shown in FIG. Illustrating. Fig. 31 (a), Fig. 31 (b), and Fig. 31 (c) are structures of a light guide provided in a reflective LCD according to another embodiment of the present invention, and the movement of light in the light guide Sectional view. Figure 3 2 is a reflective type [c D of the structure of another embodiment of the present invention ______ 13 _ I paper size applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm)

Explanation of the invention (surface 11). Fig. 33 is a diagram for explaining the conditions of the inclination angle of the incident surface of light before the reflective LCD shown in Fig. 32. Fig. 34 is a structural diagram of a reflective LCD in another embodiment of the present invention Ten-body diagram. 丄 FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a use example of a lighting device according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 36 is a plan view showing a use example of the lighting device shown in FIG. Sectional view of the structure of a reflective LCD.

(iT Fig. 38U), Fig. 38 (b), and Fig. 38 (c) are diagrams showing the shape of the previous light conductor of the reflective LCD shown in Fig. 37, and Fig. 38 (a) is viewed from the flat portion to the top of the line Plane view of the light guide, Figure 3 8 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the light guide viewed from the normal of the incident surface, and Figure 3 8 (c) is viewed from the normal direction of the light source. Sectional view of light guide. Figure 39 shows the structure of the flat and inclined parts of the light guide shown in Figure 38. Figures 40 (a) and 40 (b) printed by the staff consumer cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs are the light from the light source. Explanation of movements in the light guide. Fig. 41 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance from the light source and the brightness of the previous light included in the reflective LCD shown in Fig. 37; Fig. 42 is a view showing the angular characteristics of the outgoing light of the previous light included in the reflective LCD shown in Fig. 37; Figure 4 3 shows the reflective LCD cell 14 of the reflective LCD shown in Figure 37. This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm). The Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed 'Explanation of the invention' (12 cross-sections of the structure. Figures 44 (3) to 44 (€) are the steps of the method for forming the reflected electricity of the reflective liquid crystal cell shown in Figure 43. Figure 45 is a diagram Figure 43 shows the reflectivity angle dependence of the reflective electrode of the reflective liquid crystal cell shown in Fig. 43. Fig. 46 is a sectional view of another example of the reflective liquid crystal cell shown in Fig. 43. Fig. 47 is a reflective liquid crystal shown in Fig. 43 A plan view of the structure of the celestial cell, the scanning line, and the signal line. Fig. 48 is a diagram showing the brightness and / G degree distribution characteristics of the outgoing light of the previous LCD provided in the reflective LCD shown in Fig. 37. Fig. 49 is another aspect of the present invention A cross-sectional view of the structure of the reflective LCD according to the embodiment. Fig. 50 (a) and Fig. 50 (b) are respectively the measurement results of the luminance distribution of the illumination light of the front light and conventional light of the reflection LCD shown in Fig. 49 The diagram is shown in Fig. 51. The conventional reflection type with auxiliary lighting [c D is a schematic structure. And a sectional view of the light movement direction of this reflective LCD. Fig. 52 is a sectional view of the conventional reflection type [CD light movement direction. The description of the embodiment [Embodiment 1] The following describes the implementation of the present invention based on the drawings. Form. The reflective LCD of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 1. It has a front light 20 (front lighting device) in front of a reflective liquid crystal cell 10 (reflective liquid crystal element). The front light 20 is mainly composed of a light source 2 6 And light guide 24. The light source 26 is a linear light source such as a fluorescent tube, which is arranged along the side of the light guide 24 (incident surface 2 5). -15- This paper applies Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 specifications (21〇 > < 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) _ '玎 • — A7 V. Description of the invention (13 Please read the back-precautions · Fill in this The interface 28 (the i-th exit surface) on the side of the liquid crystal cell 10 on the sheet of dry light m24 is formed as a flat f. On the other hand, the interface 23 (the second: the exit surface) in the light guide opposite the above-mentioned interface 28 is The system is configured to be parallel to or substantially flat with the boundary 仃 < flat hand 2 1 and the flat part 2 丨The inclined portion 2 2 inclined at a specific angle in the same direction. That is, the stopper μ,, ,, and inch limbs 2 4 are shown in FIG. 1. In the length of the light source 26, " " It is a step-like shape that decreases as it gets farther from the light source 26. The main function of the inclined portion 22 is to reflect the light from the light source 26 to the interface 28. On the other hand, the flat portion 22 mainly functions to be from the front light 20. I ..., when the bright light returns as the reflected light from the liquid crystal cell 10, the surface through which the reflected light is transmitted to the observer i. The light guide 2 is described in detail in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c). The shape of 4 is shown in FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view of the light guide 2 from above the normal direction of the flat 邶 21, and FIG. 2 (b) is a view of the light guide 24 from the normal direction of the incident surface 25. A side view, FIG. 2 (c) is a cross-sectional view of the light guide 24 cut at a plane perpendicular to the incident surface 25 and the interface.

The light guide 24 can be formed using PMMA (polymethylmetacrylate), etc., and is formed by injection molding by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The light guide 24 of this embodiment has a wide width w- 110.0 mm, a length L = 80.0 mm, a thickness of the 25 part of the incident surface 1 2.0 mm, and a flat D 2 21 width W 1 = 9 mm. . In addition, the inclined portion 2 2 < step difference h2 = 50 " m, by making the inclination angle α of the inclined portion 22 to the flat portion 2 丨 "^^", the width of the inclined portion ^ can be changed from ^ to about 叨Hunger. Because the light guide 24 is formed in a step shape, the front light 20 has the following advantages. First, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), when viewed from the normal direction of the incident surface 25, if flat -16 This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) 505812 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14 Tank Ministry 2 1 If it is formed as the interface 2 8 If it is completely parallel, the flat portion 21 cannot be viewed, and only the inclined surface 22 can be viewed. That is, the total projection of the incident surface 25 to the inclined portion 22 is equal to the incident surface 25. In this case, Of the light source light incident from the incident surface 25, all components perpendicular to the incident surface 25 are directly incident on the inclined portion 22 and reflected toward the interface 28. Thus, the visible light from the aforementioned front light system does not occur. The problem that a large amount of light on the surface opposite to the incident surface is emitted to the outside of the light body. That is, the front light 20 has a step-shaped guide. Body 24, the utilization efficiency of light is greatly improved than the conventional structure. Second, the structure and manufacturing method of the liquid crystal cell 10 are explained. The liquid crystal cell 10 is basically composed of a pair of electrode substrates, as shown in FIG. a, 1 1 b is configured by holding the liquid crystal layer 12. The electrode substrate 1 1 a is provided with a transparent electrode 1 5 a (scanning line) on a glass substrate 1 4 a having light transmittance, and a liquid crystal alignment film 1 6 is formed. a Cover this transparent electrode 15 a. The glass substrate 14a may be a glass substrate (trade name 7059) manufactured by Corning Corporation. The transparent electrode 15a may be made of IT0 (Indium Tin as a material. The liquid crystal alignment film 16a may be For example, an alignment film material (trade name: AL " 4552) made by Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. is coated on a glass substrate 1 4 a formed with a transparent electrode i5a 爻 glass substrate 4 a, and is subjected to an alignment treatment with a rubbing treatment. The electrode substrate lib is also the same as the above-mentioned electrode substrate 11a, and is made by sequentially stacking a glass substrate "b, a transparent electrode 15b, and a liquid crystal alignment film .... The other two pairs of electrode substrates 11a, Ub, and an insulating film are formed as necessary. Can also be used. Included pole substrates 1 1 a, 1 1 b is in phase with the liquid crystal alignment film J 6 a, i 6 b (please read the precautions on the back I, then fill in this page)

505812 A7 --------- 5. Description of the invention (15), and the brushing direction is arranged in parallel and anti-direction (that is, anti-parallel), and the adhesive is used for bonding. At this time, a glass spacer element (not shown) with a particle size of 4.5 / im is dispersed in advance between the electrode substrates na and nb, thereby forming uniformly spaced gaps. A liquid crystal layer 12 is formed in this space by introducing liquid crystal through hollow air. As the material of the liquid crystal layer 12, for example, a liquid crystal material (trade name: ZLI-3926) made by MeRUKU can be used. The Δη of this liquid crystal material was 0.2030. However, the liquid crystal material is not limited to this, and various liquid crystals can be used. Furthermore, the reflecting plate 丨 7 on the outside of the glass substrate 1 4 b is bonded to the name plate subjected to normal processing with an epoxy-based adhesive. On the other hand, a polarizing plate 8 is provided on the outer surface of the glass substrate 1 4a, and its polarization axis is set to 4 5 with the liquid crystal alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 12. . The reflective liquid crystal cell 10 is manufactured by the above steps. On this liquid crystal cell i 0, the front light 20 is combined in the following manner to manufacture a reflective LCD with a front lighting device. First, a light guide 24 is laminated on the polarizer 18 of the liquid crystal cell 10. Between the polarizing plate 8 of the liquid crystal cell 10 and the light guide 24, a spacer element (not shown) with a particle diameter of 50 m is dispersed in advance. Thereby, voids 29 are formed due to the substantially uniform thickness of the particle diameter of these spacer elements. That is, the interface of the light guide 2 4 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 2 8 is optically equivalent to the interface between PMMA and the air layer. In addition, because the gap 29 has a thickness of about 100 times the wavelength of light, it is possible to suppress the interference caused by the gap 29. Secondly, a fluorescent tube is provided as the light source 26 so as to face the incident surface 25 of the light guide 24. The light source 26 and the incident surface 25 are surrounded by a mirror 27 (light guide mechanism). The reflector 2 7 guides the light from the light source 2 6 only to the incident surface 2 5 --------- 18- ____ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) A7 ___ _____________ —__ B7 V. Description of the invention (16) Light. Reflective 铳 2 7 can be used such as aluminum tape. By the above steps, a reflection type l c D having a light of 20 before supplementary illumination can be completed. The reflective LCD can illuminate the front light 20 in the illumination mode when the ambient light is not sufficient, and can turn off the front light 20 in the reflection mode when sufficient ambient light is available. ^ Here, the operation principle of the front light 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c). As described above, the total projection of the inclined portions 22 of the light guide 24 toward the incident surface 25 is equal to the incident surface 25. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the component of the incident light from the light source 26 that is perpendicular to the incident surface 25 is reflected by the inclined portion 22 and from the interface 28 to the liquid crystal not shown in FIG. 3 (a). Cell 丨 〇 output. As shown in FIG. 3 (b), among the incident light from the light source 26, the components that first enter the interface 23 can be classified into two types according to their movements in the light guide 24. One is 31a shown in Fig. 3 (b), which is directly incident on the inclined portion 22 and is reflected 'to output light 3 1b to the liquid crystal cell 10. Second, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the light 3 2 a 'is totally reflected between the flat portion 21 and the interface 28, and the light guide 2 4 is transmitted, and finally it reaches the inclined portion 22 and is reflected. Become printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Output Light Economy 3 2 b. Also as shown in FIG. 3 (c), among the incident light from the light source 26, the component that is incident on the interface 28 first is totally reflected between the interface 28 and the flat portion 21 of the interface 23, and the light guide 2 4 It is transmitted inside, finally reaches the inclined portion 2 2 and is reflected, and is output from the interface 28 to the liquid crystal cell 10. As can be seen from the above description, almost all of the components of the incident light from the light source 26 to the light guide 24 are reflected by the inclined portion 22 and emitted to the liquid crystal cell 10 through the interface 28. That is to say, before the present embodiment, the light 2 has a step-like interface 2 3 --------19 -___ ^ ___ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) Central of the Ministry of Economy Printed by the Consumer Bureau of Standards Bureau 505812 A7 ____B7 ___ 5. The light guide 2 4 'of the invention description (17) makes the loss of light from light source 26 very small, which can improve the utilization efficiency of light from the light source. Next, the conditions 1-3 of the inclined portion 2 2 or the flat portion 21 for improving the utilization efficiency of the light source light will be described. 1. Regarding the inclined portion 2 2 In the light guide 24, the inclined portion 22 of the interface 23 is mainly used as a reflecting surface that reflects incident light from the light source 26. On the other hand, the flat portion 21 of the interface 23 is mainly used as a transmission surface to transmit the light reflected by the reflection plate 17 provided on the rear surface of the liquid crystal cell and the surrounding light. In order for the incident light from the light source 26 to be totally reflected by the inclined portion, the following conditions must be satisfied. That is, the incident light incident on the surface (interface) to which materials with different refractive indices are connected will be totally reflected at the interface when the incident angle is above the critical angle. Therefore, in order for the light incident on the inclined portion 22 to be totally reflected on the inclined portion 22 ', the incident light 1 may be incident on the inclined portion 22 as shown in (Expression 2). θ \ ^ Θ c = arcsin (n2 / n1) ............ (Equation 2) However, in Equation 2 above, the incident angle of θ 1 to the inclined portion 2 2: light guide The refractive index η 2 of the body 24 · The refractive index θ c Μ of the substance connected to the light guide 2 4 in the tilt Shao 2 2 is the critical angle of the inclined portion 2 2 as described above. If the incident angle of the light to the inclined portion 22 is θ 1 satisfies Equation 2 and forms tilt Shao 22, which can prevent light from leaking from the tilted portion 22 to the outside of the light guide 24. This paper ruler is thin. China-(Read the back of the page first, pay attention to the problem before filling in this page)

505812 A7 B7 Fifth invention description (18 戍 'can improve the use efficiency of light. 2. About the flat part 2 1 Although the flat part 2 1 was mentioned previously, it mainly refers to the area that is transmitted first, but the light transmitted through the flat part 21 has : (1 V reflected light from the liquid crystal cell 10 (2) ambient light in the case of using in reflection mode. Order the output light of (1) above the liquid crystal layer 12 of the liquid crystal cell 1 2 to adjust the light and reflect After the plate 17 reflects and enters the light guide 24, it exits from the interface 23 to the observer side. However, at this time, it is mainly output from the flat portion 21. The light reflected by the reflecting plate 17 becomes diffused light. If the diffused light is to be reflected by the flat portion 21 and rarely transmitted, it is desirable to make the flat portion 21 incident at an angle below the critical angle. Although the critical angle varies depending on the refractive index of the light guide 24, the light is guided. When the material of the body 24 is PMMA, it is about 42. That is, the output light from the liquid crystal cell 1 () is about 40 to the flat portion 21 of the light guide body 24. The following incidence is preferable.

Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Moreover, the flat section 2 1 does not have to be parallel to the interface 2 8. The incident angle to the flat portion 21 also depends on the light scattering range of the reflection plate 17. Therefore, if the characteristics of the reflecting plate 17 are considered, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, if the main range of light scattered by the reflecting plate 7 is set to ± 30 to the normal of the reflecting plate 17. Left and right, if the inclination angle j of the flat portion 21 to the reflecting plate 17 is set to about ± i0. Within this range, the component 33 of the light reflected by the flat portion 21 can be minimized. In addition, in Fig. 4, in order to clearly see that the flat portion 21 is inclined with respect to the interface 28, the inclination angle 6 is shown to be larger than the above-mentioned ideal range. As such, if the flat portion 21 faces the interface 28 in parallel or inclines at ± 10. Within, the incident light from the light source 26 will be larger than the incident angle of the inclined portion 22 ^ 21-Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 ^ _______ ^ B7____ 5. Description of the Invention (19) — Incident The angle is incident on the flat portion 2 丨. Therefore, the light incident on the flat portion 21 from the light source 26 is unlikely to leak to the outside, and the amount of light reflected on the flat portion 21 increases. This suppresses light leakage from the light source. It is also considered that the reflection type LCD is used in a reflection mode in which the front light is turned off by 20%. At this time, in consideration of the conditions used in the reflection mode (2) above, "Brother's ambient light", in order to take in sufficient ambient light into the liquid crystal cell 10, the larger the area of the flat portion 21 is, the better. 3. Arrangement of the inclined portion 22 and the flat portion 21 of the interface 23 Regarding the arrangement of the inclined portion 22 and the flat portion 21 of the interface 23, the following two conditions are important. (a) When the user looks at the reflective LCD from the interface 23 side, the area of the inclined portion 22 needs to be small, and the area of the flat portion 21 needs to be large. (b) The sum of the projections of the inclined portion 22 to the incident surface 25 needs to be large, and the sum of the projections of the flat portion 21 needs to be small. The above condition (a) means that the total projection of the flat portion 21 to the interface 28 is larger than the total projection of the inclined portion 22. The size of the projection of the inclined portion 22 to the interface 28 is determined according to the tilt angle of the inclined portion 22 to the interface 28 shown in FIG. 2 (c). Therefore, by adjusting the size of the inclined angle, the user can be adjusted. The area of the inclined portion 2 2 seen is very small compared to the area of the flat portion 21. In addition, by matching the gap between the inclined portion 22 and the flat portion 21 with the gap between the scanning lines of the liquid crystal cell 10 or the bus bar, the flat portion 2 1 can be arranged on the area where the liquid crystal cell 10 is actually displayed. , Can further improve the utilization efficiency of light. The condition of (b) above is as mentioned above, which means that in order to effectively use the light source __ _— -22- _____ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇 > < 297mm) ( (Please read the back, 5 'Cautions before filling in this page)

Fifth invention description (2,0261 people shoot light, in the case of looking at the human shooting surface 25 from the normal direction, it is ideal to only see the inclined portion 22 of the interface 23. Second, the illumination of the front light 20 is explained The measurement result of the light intensity. In order to measure the illumination light intensity of the front light 20, the measurement system shown in FIG. 5 is used. That is, the normal direction of the interface 28 of the front light 20 is set to 0. The detector ㈣ The light intensity is set in the range from 0 to ± 90. The results are shown in Fig. 6. According to Fig. 6, in the front light 20, the light incident from the light source ^ through the incident surface 25 to the light guide 24 is guided by the light. The function of the body 24 will be emitted toward the normal direction of the interface 28. That is, the front light 20 can vertically enter the liquid crystal cell light from the light source 26 arranged on the side of the light guide 24, and has the function of The function of bright auxiliary lighting. In addition, the reflective type 1 ^ (: 1) of this embodiment has the advantage of being able to display more brightly than the transmissive LCD, CRT, PDP and other self-emissive head indicators. As shown in FIG. 7 (a), the direction of the light 36a from the self-emissive display 3 5 is opposite to the surrounding light 37 Therefore, the component 3 6 b obtained by subtracting ambient light 37 from the light 36 & can be identified by the observer. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the reflection type L cd in this form is in the lighting mode. In the case of use ', as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the auxiliary light 3 9 a and the surrounding light 37 from the front light 2 0 are reflected by a reflecting plate (not shown) of the liquid crystal cell 10, which is equivalent to the auxiliary light 3 9 The component 3 9 b, which is the sum of a and ambient light 37, can be recognized by the observer. As a result, it can be displayed more brightly not only in dark places, but also in bright places like outdoors in the middle of the day. The structure is provided with a stepwise guide of the front light. -23- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) A7 A7 Printed by the Consumers Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (21) The light body 24 can enhance the utilization of the light emitted from the light source 26. "In the case of insufficient Zhouyuan light, it can provide sufficient hunting for the liquid crystal cell 10. Seven, and it can provide regularity without being affected by the surrounding environment. Obviously reflective LCD. As described above, the front lighting body of the present invention is configured to be placed in front of the user of the illuminated object, and the original and the light guide are prepared ... ㈣, the light from the light source is incident, and the body is broken: The illuminator emits light: and the second exit surface, and the direction, will reflect the light from the illuminated object to the second: the surface relative system and Wang Yaozhi, "the light from the light source to the first exit surface. The reflected light of the illuminating object is transparent and is arranged in a staircase interactively. After a fight, Ding Yi shot this: In the above construction, the light and bright light from the first exit to the illuminated object = first, since, the reflected light of the illuminating object is from the above. The first exit surface returns to the guide again, passing through the flat portion C of the second exit surface, opposite to the second exit surface == Gate I: People are arranged in a stepped manner to each other ... Located on the flat portion and the flat portion :: : Inclination: Shao, mainly because the light from the light source is reflected toward the first exit surface. "All of the components are reflected by the above-mentioned inclined portion and irradiated from the first illuminated object. In this way, compared with the structure of the guide plate having a substantially flat plate shape, the front lighting device of the present invention can make the components that are in front of the light object-:?: Γ not leak to the outside of the light, but to the light. "Under" can provide the use of light source light to improve the efficiency, brighter ~ ~ million lighting devices. 24- (210X297 mm) (please read the back and “Notes” before filling out this page)-Order

Printed by the Consumers Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Invention Description (22) and 'The above structure is provided by the party before using the side lighting equipment w :: guide ", which is placed in front of the object to be illuminated. The body is provided with: a flat factory surface: a surface opposite to the above bottom surface: and light from a light source: the above surface may also be a flat portion that is roughly aligned with the bottom surface, ^ an inclined portion inclined in a ㈤ direction, The step-like configuration is alternately arranged. G Before the present invention, Fang Zhaomingzhuang w, ruler L 丄 ^… 'Moon clothing is placed in the above structure, and the above incident surface exists on the side of the light guide. In addition, since it comes from the side of the light guide The light is reflected so that the person watching the festival will not see the advantages of the light source directly. By this, the direct light from the light source will not affect the image of the illuminated object, and a front lighting device that can obtain a bright illuminated object can be obtained. The invention (the conventional illumination device, wherein the sum of the projection of the inclined portion on a plane perpendicular to the i-th exit surface is substantially equal to the projection of the incident surface on the above plane. In addition, the incident light from the incident surface of the light guide is incident. In the middle, all of the components that are parallel to the first exit surface are incident on the inclined portion, and then reflected to the first exit surface. This can improve the utilization efficiency of the light from the light source and provide a brighter front lighting device. The lighting device further includes a light focusing mechanism that allows light from a light source to enter only the above-mentioned incident surface. In addition, the loss of light from the light source can be further reduced, the utilization efficiency of the light from the light source can be further improved, and a brighter surface light source can be provided. Front lighting device. In the front lighting device of the present invention, the total projected area of the inclined portion on the first output surface is smaller than the total projected area of the flat portion on the first output surface. Therefore, the incident light from the first output surface comes from the illumination. Object reflection -25- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210X297 mm) (Please read the back, pay attention to the items before filling this page) • Order

V. Description of the invention (23) Light is brighter and brighter through the second emission: the flat part is emitted to the observer side, if the sum of the projections of the desired parts is small: it is better to make the sum of the projections of the inclined parts as small as possible. The flat dagger that shows the image of the illuminated object is structured according to the fascination, and the king must make the bright and vivid image in front of it: the area is increased. As a result, it is possible to obtain a tens of thousands of lighting devices. The forefront lighting device of the present invention is in the above-mentioned structure and the above-mentioned flattening Γο is described in the following: 1: the emitting surface is parallel or the first emitting surface has two qualities Γ ::; Inclination of the object plane The front illumination device of the present invention is in the above-mentioned structure and satisfies the above-mentioned formula 2. This is the light from the light source incident on the inclined part of the second exit surface. At this oblique angle, the king reflects the horse. If the incident angle to the inclined part ^ 1 satisfies the above-mentioned "piece", the incident light to the inclined part will be Total reflection. Thereby, the light from the light source is not leaked from the inclined portion to the observer side, and the utilization efficiency of light can be further improved. As a result, the previous device having a brighter surface light source function can be obtained. Μ Yinfan, a staff consumer cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

The reflection type liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a reflection type liquid crystal 7L element having a reflection plate; in addition, a front-side illumination device having the above-mentioned structure is disposed in front of the reflection type liquid crystal element. This way, for example, when the amount of ambient light is sufficient outdoors, such as in the middle of the day, you can use the front lighting device in the state of turning off the light: on the other hand, when a sufficient amount of ambient light is available, the front lighting The device should be turned on. As a result, it can provide regularity regardless of the surrounding environment. -26 This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 505812 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (24) Get bright and high-quality display Reflection type liquid crystal display device. In addition, the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention is in the above structure, and the reflective liquid crystal element includes scanning lines: the distance between the scanning lines and the flat portion of the second exit surface of the front lighting device is approximately equal, and the scanning line It is preferable to arrange a flat part on the side. Thereby, a flat portion can be arranged on a pixel area where a liquid crystal element is actually displayed. As a result, the reflected light from the pixel region is incident on the flat portion without waste, and the utilization efficiency of light can be further improved, and a reflective liquid crystal display device capable of realizing high-quality display can be provided. [Embodiment 2] Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawing. In addition, the structures having the same functions as those described in each of the embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted. As shown in FIG. 8, the reflective LCD of this embodiment is characterized in that a front light system 51 is provided in front of the liquid crystal cell 10, which is described in the first embodiment of the front light 20 (the first light guide) and the wedge. It is composed of a second light guide 40 of the type. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The second light guide 4 0 is the light guide 2 4 arranged in the front light 20 and the liquid crystal cell 10 There is an inclined surface 41 parallel to the interface 28 of the light guide 24 and a bottom surface 42 parallel to the surface of the liquid crystal cell 10. The inclination angle of the inclined surface 4 1 opposite to the bottom surface 4 2 is shown in Fig. 9 (a). In the interface 23 of the light guide 2 4, a line 4 9 ′ that connects the inclined portion 22 and the flat portion 21 in a zigzag manner to each other is preferably designed to be parallel to the bottom surface 4 2. The second light guide 40 is preferably formed of a material having at least the same refractive index as that of the light guide 24 as the first light guide. Of course, the second light guide 40 will be printed with —— _ -27-, the scale of the scale will be applicable to the Zhongguanjia Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21GX297 mm). 2. Description of the invention (25) The rod 2 which is exactly the same as the light guide 24 has a light m-shaped "yes." Moreover, the light guide 24 and the z-inch nine f beans 40, the right is based on the radiochemical process. # 出 成When the temple is opened and the body is formed, the gap between the light guide body 24 and the second light guide body 1 U can be simplified, and a spacer element with a particle diameter of 50 &quot; m (not shown) 5〇4〇 p, p, ^ α Α light guide 24 and the second light guide 4 υ <the gap ι, the formation of the formation, the above-mentioned space between the particles with the same particle diameter 4 j 〇 罘 2 light guide ta40 (Chen surface 42 and the polarizing plate of the liquid crystal cell 10), a filler (not shown) is formed to make the refractive index of the photoresist (not shown). This prevents 2 light guide 4 〇 disk change jealous 〖R Shi Shang "^, and the light sorrow caused by the reflection of the heart interface of the plate 18 can further suppress the light ^ 1 day. In addition, the above% non-agent can use UV curing Sex resin or Salicylic acid methyl, etc., here the situation is million; the effect of the second light guide 4 〇 between the light guide 2 4 and the liquid crystal cell i 〇 p 4 ® 9 (b) does not attack the second guide In the structure of the light body 40 (Embodiment 1), the distance U from the inclined portion 22 to the boundary 向 toward the exit surface of the liquid crystal cell 1G is greater and smaller from the light source 26. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), the light system 51 before the present embodiment has a distance up to the bottom surface 42 of the second light guide body having the second light guide 1 4 0 as the exit surface to the liquid crystal cell 10. ln is approximately the same regardless of the distance χη from the light source 26. That is, the second light guide 40 has the effect of making the distance from the inclined portion 22 of the front light 20 to the liquid crystal cell ο constant, so that the front light system 51 Regardless of the distance from the light source 26, it has the effect of being a surface light source that emits light of a constant brightness. 28- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back first (Fill in this page again)

A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (26) Here, in order to determine the effect obtained by the second light guide, as shown in Fig. 10 (昀), the detector 44 The bottom surface 42 of the second light guide 40 moves in parallel, and the brightness distribution of the output light of the front light system 5 丨 is measured while measuring the starting position ps near the incident surface 25, which is located in the bottom surface 42 farthest from the light source%. The position is 1PE at the end of the measurement. The measurement results are shown in Fig. 11 (昀). Similarly, for comparison, for the purpose of measuring the brightness distribution of the output light without the structure (the second embodiment) of the second light guide 40 As shown in FIG. 10 (b), the detector 44 is moved parallel to the interface 28 of the front light 20, and the measurement is performed. Also, the vicinity of the incident surface 26 is set to the measurement start position ps, and is set to the middle of the interface. The farthest position from the light source 26 is the measurement end position &amp; the measurement results are shown in Fig. 1 (b). Comparing Fig. 11 (a) and (b), it can be seen that the second light guide 40 is not provided. As shown in FIG. 1 i (b), the distance p between the peaks of the brightness is smaller as the distance from the light source 26 is smaller. Before the state, the light system 51 is shown in FIG. 11 (a), and the distance p between the peaks of the brightness is substantially equal to the bottom surface 42 of the second light guide 40, and the brightness peak 値 is the same. The reflective LCD of this embodiment is provided with an m-light system in front of the liquid crystal cell 10. Previously, the light system 5 丨 was provided between the light guide 24, which is the i-th light guide, and the liquid crystal cell 10, so as to allow self-guided light. The distance from the inclined portion 22 of the body 24 to the liquid crystal cell 10 becomes a certain second light guide body 4 0, so that the front light system 51 can illuminate the liquid crystal cell unevenly, and even if sufficient 4 surroundings cannot be obtained Under the condition of light, the effect of bright and uneven high-quality display TF can also be obtained. As mentioned above, in the former lighting device of the present invention, if the guidance of the implementation form i is set (please read the back first), then fill in this page)

⑽812 V. Description of the invention (27) A7 B7 = No. 1Π, it is further provided with a second light guide body that averages the light pudding of 7U degrees from the first exit surface. In the front lighting device of the present invention, since the distance from the inclined portion of the second exit surface to the first exit surface is formed by the i-th light guide, the distance from the light source becomes proportionally smaller. ^ The brightness distribution of the emitted light is not uniform. The above-mentioned body makes the brightness distribution of the light emitted to the illuminated object uniform: T, T light can provide a surface light source function with no uneven brightness ^ 疋 The front lighting device of the present invention, attached to the above-mentioned structure month; Home. The surface is opposite to the i-th light-emitting surface of the i-th light guide: The first surface is opposite to the above-mentioned first surface, and the light from the i-th light guide is transmitted through the first to the object to be illuminated: In addition, the second surface is formed so that the distance from each of the inclined portions to the second surface is approximately the same from the light guide 2. Emitting surface In addition, the above structure is provided with a second light guide at the inclined portion of the second output surface reflected by the light from the light source ...:! :: Object: Up to the second surface of the second light guide on the exit surface: :::, the brightness distribution of the exit light from the second surface is averaged to be the source of 'achievable j without uneven brightness ^ Functional front lighting device The heart-front lighting device 1 of the present invention is based on the i-th light guide: ratio in the above structure and the refractive index of the second light guide is substantially equal. Because of this structure: The k-refractive index is approximately equal to the refractive index of the second light guide, so that the light reflected by the inclined portion of the second inclined plane in the body is directed toward the object to be illuminated. Therefore, when the chirped light guide is incident: the angle depends on the optical surface 2 surface / r / r

The coming of iT is illuminated by the light guide 1 Light guide straight from the -30th paper ruler _ 家 标准 八 娜 （210 ^^ V. Description of the invention (28

The change in the light's performance caused by the reflection of the temple printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs need not be considered, but it has the advantage of easy design. The light source =, the moon = the square lighting device is in the above-mentioned structure, and the first light guide body and the 一体 [are integrated into one. This structure has the advantage of being easy to manufacture because the first light guide body and the second light guide system are integrated into a single sentence &gt;#,., Terroir &lt;. Prior to the present invention, Fang Zhao_wan ..., Yueyizhi, which are in the above structure, were introduced between the first light guide and the second inch light guide to reduce the refraction of the optical interface existing between these light guides. Filler with poor rate. According to the above-mentioned structure, compared with the case where air is stored between the first light guide and the second light guide, the structure can suppress the existence of the air between the first and second light guides. Light: The attenuation of light caused by the reflection of the interface. Therefore, it is possible to further improve the utilization efficiency of U-light ′ to achieve a brighter surface light source in front of the moon. In addition, if the refractive index of at least one of the first light guide and the second light guide is equal to the refractive index of the filler, the optical interface between the light guide and the second inch light bar can be reduced. The reason is more effective. [Embodiment 3] Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In addition, structures having the same functions as those described in each of the embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted. As shown in FIG. 12, the reflection type L c D of this embodiment is arranged in front of the liquid crystal cell 10, and a front light system 52 composed of a front light 20 and a second light guide 45 is arranged. As shown in FIG. 13, the second light guide 45 is a front scattering plate that has a function of diffusing incident light from the light guide 2 4 only to the direction side. The incident light at a specific angle range is scattered, -31-This paper size is applicable to Ningguo National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X2 ^ J- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 505812 V. Description of the Invention (29) The anisotropic scattering plate will be from outside the specified angle range. Satisfaction of this condition is equal to the nature of the viewing angle control board 45 manufactured by Chemical Co., Ltd., such as Sumitomo, and is a commercially available product. (HR shall be SUTY) In addition, the second light guide 45 saves the incident light, and the angle range of the light beam is preferably an angle range that completely includes the angle of incidence of the light emitted from the light guide 24. Thereby, the emission from the light guide 24 can be unevenly taught to the nine strokes, and the utilization efficiency of the light source light can be improved. The second light guide 45 is an anisotropic diffuser having the property of only scattering light incident from a specific angle range and transmitting incident light outside the specific angle range. Since the light body 45 does not act on incident light from outside the specific angle range described above, it is possible to prevent deterioration of display quality due to unnecessary scattered light. In the gap between the light guide 24 and the light guide 45, a spacer element (not shown) having a particle diameter of 50 m is dispersed in advance. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 12, in the gap between the light guide 2 4 and the second light guide 45, a gap 46 having a diameter substantially equal to the particle diameter is formed. Between the second light guide 45 and the polarizing plate (not shown) of the liquid crystal cell 10, a filler (not shown) is used to make the refractive indices of the two match. Thereby, the attenuation of light caused by the reflection at the interface between the second light guide 45 and the liquid crystal cell 10 can be prevented, and the light source light loss can be further suppressed. The measurement results of the illumination light intensity of the front light system 52 will be described here. In order to measure the illumination light intensity of the front light system 52, the same side fixing system as that used in the first embodiment (see FIG. 5) is used. Here, set the front light system 5 2 of 32 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (please read the precautions before filling this page)

V. Description of the invention (30) The normal square of the second light guide 45 is 0., within the range of 0. to ± 90. In the range, the light intensity of the target <0 is measured by the detector 34. Measurement As a result, the emission ratio μ to the real state η // == 24 is used to scatter, so that this embodiment has a ruggedness characteristic. Γ:; 50Γ ^^ &quot;! Ί 10 Brightness of the emitted light 8 :: / first &amp; 45 reason, so that the liquid crystal cell i 〇. Knife cloth flat #, and can irradiate the liquid crystal cell without unevenness Use: interest second light guide 45 except for an anisotropic scattering plate The second light can also be used as a lighting device. The two-inch limbs shown in Embodiment 2 can also be used from the ancient Taoism and Jinguang chaos. ^ 1 The light-emitting squirrel from the exit surface of brother 1 The light scatterer, which is the second light guide in the light source, is used to scatter the light from the first guide, so that the light emitted to the object to be illuminated is: The distribution is averaged. Therefore, it is possible to achieve No brightness 4 = front lighting device with function. The front surface lighting device of the present invention is different from the above-mentioned structure system to only emit light from a specific angle range 1 The sexually scattered body comes from #i 道 # 两 曲 士 山, which is called the angle at which the person shoots the light to the second light guide body ^ less-part is included in the specific angle range described above. In addition, according to The above structure is, for example, the optical paper output to the observer. The above-mentioned special paper ruler Yan Cai Guan Jiaye (CNS) A4 size (-33- ^ 05812) 5. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -34- A7 B7 Invention (31) The incident light outside the angle range does not have the effect of the anisotropic scatterer of the light scatterer described above, and it can suppress the image deterioration of the illuminated object caused by the unnecessary scattered light. Also, as a second guide Within the angle range of the incident light scattered by the light scatterer of the light body, the incident light from the i-th light guide body is incident, so the incident light can be efficiently diffused. Therefore, it is possible to obtain both non-brightness and unevenness. The bright surface light source function can also obtain a sharp image front illumination device of the object to be illuminated. The light illumination device of the present invention is in the above structure, and the light scatterer = a square scatterer. That is, as a second guide The light scattering system of the light body is The light incident from the first light guide is scattered only before the light traveling direction side, so the light incident from the first light guide is scattered backward. This can improve the light utilization efficiency. In addition, it can prevent the image of the illuminated object from being deteriorated due to the back scattered light. Therefore, it can have the function of a bright surface light source with uneven brightness and obtain a front lighting device that can obtain a sharp image of the illuminated object. [Embodiment 4] Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. Structures having the same functions as the structures described in the foregoing embodiments will be denoted by the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted. In other words, when the interface 23 on the observer side of the light guide 24 is formed by the inclined portion 22 and the flat portion 21, the light reflected by the liquid crystal cell 10 and then incident on the light guide 24 will pass through the interface 23 and pass through the interface 23. Spots or unevenness on the image. That is, as shown in FIG. 15, the output light 48 &amp; from the liquid crystal cell 10 will not only meet the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) for this paper size (please read the V precautions on the back before filling this page)

505812 V. Consumer Cooperative Cooperative Print of the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs (32) From the flat part 21, it will still pass from the inclined part 22 to the observer side. At this time, the emitted light 48b from the inclined Shao 22 and from the flat part The emitted light 48c of 21 emits and crosses in mutually different directions, so that spots or unevenness appear on the image to be displayed. In order to solve this problem, the reflective LCD of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 16 on the light guide. The interface 23 of 24 adds a metal reflection film 47 (reflecting member) that reflects light on the surface of the inclined portion 22. The above-mentioned metal reflection film 47 = shown in FIG. 16, all the light incident on the inclined portion 22 is ignored regardless of the incident angle thereof. All of them are reflected. As a result, the light emitted from the interface 23 to the observer side only becomes the light transmitted through the flat portion 21. Thus, a clear display image without spots and unevenness can be obtained. One example of the method is a case where aluminum is used as an example. The material of the metal reflective film 47 is not limited to aluminum, and a metal such as silver may be used. First, as shown in FIG. Boundary of Body 24 The aluminum film 61 is formed on the entire surface by sputtering. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 17 (b), a photoresist 62 is coated on the surface of the aluminum film 61. Next, after the exposure step, As shown in FIG. 17 (c), the photoresist 62 is patterned. Next, as shown in FIG. 17 ((^), the patterned photoresist 62 is used as a photomask, and the aluminum film 6 is etched. Then, by peeling off the photoresist 62, as shown in FIG. 7 (e), a metal reflective film 47 made of aluminum is formed on the surface of the inclined surface 22 of the interface 23. As above, the surface of the inclined portion 22 The metal reflection film 47 is provided, and as shown in FIG. 16, the angle of inclination between the inclined portion 22 and the flat portion 21 is increased. As shown in FIG. 18, the structure in which the metal reflection film 47 is not provided on the inclined portion 22 is shown in FIG.将 倾 -35- (Please read the precautions on the back V before filling out this page)

The size of this paper applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) 505812 Employees' Cooperative Cooperatives Stamp A7 B7 of the Central Standards Bureau of Ministry of Economy The light 4 9 a incident on the inclined portion 22 at an incident angle smaller than the critical angle $ c becomes the light 4 9 b transmitted through the inclined portion 22 toward the observer. Such light 4 9 b is not desirable for deteriorating display quality. In contrast, in the structure of this embodiment, since the metal reflection film 47 is formed on the inclined portion 22, even if the inclination angle π is increased, there is no light transmitted through the inclined portion 22 like the light 49b described above, and there is no light on the inclined portion 22. All of the light is reflected. In this way, since the inclination angle α of the inclined portion 22 can be made larger, when the inclined portion 22 is viewed in the normal direction of the flat portion Η, the inclined portion 22 is difficult to be seen, and there is an advantage that the display quality is improved. As shown in FIG. 19, if a block matrix 47 (b) (light-shielding member) for preventing reflection of surrounding light is laminated on the surface of the metal reflection film 0, it is possible to prevent the surrounding light from being reflected toward the observer. This is more desirable because it is possible to prevent deterioration in display quality caused by the reflection of Zhou Yuanguang toward the viewer. In this way, the feature of the light 20 before this embodiment is: Yu Ti ^ = belongs to Yi Guang 47, which is used to make the self-tilt Shao "non-viewing = 2, ... type LCD's get no spots or * are as fresh as above, The front lighting device of the present invention is provided with a reflecting member for reflecting light on the surface. From the light: the light incident on the inclined portion of the body's inclined portion is the reason for the total reflection of the inclined portion. By 36- (Please read the notes on the back side before filling out this page)

⑽812 5. Description of the invention (34) A reflecting member is provided on the inclined portion, so that the incident light on the inclined portion is totally reflected regardless of the incident angle. Thereby, the light from the light source does not self-tilt = leak to the observer side, which can further improve the light utilization efficiency. In 疋, a front lighting device with bright surface light source function can be realized. In the front lighting device of the present invention, a light shielding member is provided on the surface of the reflective member in the above-mentioned structure. In addition, the ambient light is reflected by the reflecting member and enters the viewer's eyes, which can prevent the display quality of the image of the illuminated object from deteriorating, and can provide a front lighting device capable of obtaining a sharp image of the illuminated object. In the front lighting device of the present invention, the refractive index of the light guide is h in the above-mentioned structure, and the refractive index of the external medium in contact with the inclined portion is ~, and the angle of incidence of the person shooting from the light source to the inclined portion is θ, it can effectively demonstrate its function within the range of inequality: θ &lt; arcs.ln (ni / n2). The incident angle θ of the light incident from the light source to the inclined portion becomes smaller when the inclined portion is aligned with the portion (the larger the inclined angle). If a reflecting member is provided on the inclined part of the second exit surface, the incident light of the U to the inclined part will be totally reflected regardless of the incident angle, and will not pass through the inclined part to the observer ’s consumer cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The incidence of light incident on the crotch "meets the above inequality = original% slope angle of the inclined portion to the flat shaw is designed to be large. Therefore, it is difficult to identify the image of the illuminated object when viewed from the flat shao normal. Displaying and operating the inclined portion of the contribution can improve the display quality of the image of the illuminated object. "[Embodiment 5] 〃 :: Other embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings ... The structure of the explanation is the same as the structure of the same function, and the same &lt;

The paper size is Caisuanguan County (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 &J; J7 Employee Consumer Cooperatives, Central Standard Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Yinfan-38- V. Description of the invention (35 ,: Real-life reflective LCD is shown in Figure 20, It is characterized in that: it can be provided with a shaving system 53 composed of an optical compensation plate 64 (compensation mechanism) provided on the interface 23 of the j 20 light 20 according to the embodiment described above. In the optical compensation plate 64, the surface facing the light guide ㈣ of the front light 20, that is, the celestial surface 643 is shown in FIG. 20, and has a ladder shape complementary to the interface 23 of the light guide 24. That is, 'bottom surface 64a' Taking the inclined portion with the light guide body is called eye-opposing (positionally, forming an inclined portion M parallel to the inclined portion 22, and at a position facing the flat portion 21 of the light guide 24, forming a flat portion 2 | : Flat section 66. In another aspect, in the optical compensation plate, the surface on the observer's side, that is, the surface 64b is formed as a plane parallel to the interface of the light guide 24. The light car patch plate 6 4 Similarly to the light guide 24, it can be produced by, for example, pMMa injection molding. The optical compensation plate 64 and the light guide As described above, the respective inclined portions of the feet and the flat portions are arranged opposite to each other, and are adhered via a particle diameter of about 20 m (foot distance) π (not shown). Thereby, the bottom surface of the optical compensation plate 64 An air layer 67 of approximately uniform thickness is interposed between the interface 23 of the light guide 24a and the light guide 24. Thus, an optical compensation plate 64 is provided in front of the light guide 24, and an optical compensation plate 64 exists between the light guide 24 and the optical compensation plate 64. With the air layer 67, the following effects can be obtained. That is, as described in the fourth embodiment with reference to FIG. Traveling in the same direction 'Because of the inclined portion 22 and the flat portion 21 of each transmission interface, the interface 23 of the light guide exits in different directions from each other, resulting in that this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 (Assault) (Please read the notes on the back f before filling out this page)

A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (36 spots or unevenness of the image. In contrast, please be careful / please read the precautions on the back one before the cell guides the light system 53 as shown in Figure 21 Noisy 2: :: light of the same universal incident 68a · 69a, after the bottom of the surface, at the boundary between the air layer 67 and the optical compensation plate 64 • 69h &gt; refraction, the light moving in the same direction, such as light 68b Ding ~ The surface 64b of the optical compensation plate 64 is emitted in the same direction. When viewed from the side of the viewer, it is clear that there are no spots or unevenness, except for the above optical compensation plate 64, as shown in Figure 22 ( a) As shown in the figure, it is also possible to arrange a flat plate-shaped optical compensation plate on the 24 sides of the guide ... limbs. In this case,

As shown in FIG. 2 2 (b), the late photon supplementary plate 7 丨 the area 71a from which the foot light exits from the inclined portion 22 of the light guide 24 and the flat portion 21 from the light guide 24 The area where the light is incident 711) has mutually different refractive indexes, so that the light exit angles from the surfaces of the areas 7 1 a · 7 1 b to the observer side are not approximately equal to a ·. Or, in order to fold back the light passing through the area 71a in the same direction as the light passing through the area 7 1 b, the area 7 1 a may be formed with a member having a folding function (such as a folding element). Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs or as shown in Figure 22 (c), in the optical compensation plate, the area where the light emitted from the light guide 24 I inclined portion 22 is incident, is blocked by light. A block mask 7lc is formed so that the light emitted from the inclined portion 22 does not reach the observer. In this way, according to the structure of this embodiment, according to the optical compensation plate 64 (or the optical compensation plate 7 1), the light emitting directions of the light from the inclined portion 2 2 and the flat portion 21 of the interface 2 3 of the light guide 24 are emitted. It can be concentrated to achieve freshness without specks or unevenness. -39 This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm). As above, the Wan-Ming clothing set before the present invention is in the above structure and more •来 Γ comes from Μ 2 4ί blood z. Stationery l ... 1 -... In the above structure, the output of the outgoing light: Γ :: the outgoing light from the flat part of the plane and the inclined part ^ the compensation mechanism that concentrates the outgoing gimbal. ^ == The exit surface is the intersection of the flat portion and the inclined portion =: 2: The incident surface of the light guide is incident from the illuminated 2 ′ Q from the flat portion and the inclined portion of the exit surface to each other. Induced speckles or uneven production on the image of the illuminated object; Therefore: As the above structure, the light emitted by the puller, and the light emitted from the inclined portion: from: 2 exit surface flat wall structure, can be illuminated The second thing = the universal lighting device invented by Wanxiang Ding. The front lighting device is provided on the upper part. The first surface is opposite to the second exit surface of the light guide body. The J system of the compensation mechanism is further arranged with: an inclined surface, which is approximately parallel to the light guide: and a flat surface, which is parallel to the above 2: shot 2 = <inclined in parallel: formed to be <1000 with the above-mentioned second exit surface The red surface of the compensation mechanism is said to be approximately parallel to the stepped shape. The direction of the step 2 emitted by Yuan Qi and the younger brother 1 In addition, according to the above-mentioned structure, the light from the light guide of the light guide is reflected by the object to be illuminated, and the light from the above light surface exits the body of the object. As shown in FIG. 21, the planes of the respective second exit surfaces return to the light guide oblique portion (22) and exit in different directions. Here, the ^ virgin 2 shooting clothes of the compensation mechanism (64), which is configured and tilted relative to the inclined position, is formed by (6 "), and is the light emitted from the second light of the light guide body-Xiang Buzhi The second oblique part (22) is emitted again. The first surface (incident on a flat surface, self-inclination is emitted in approximately the same direction, 6 :) is incident on the inclined surface of the first surface, so that it will come from: ^ 6813 · 69b), * emits from the second surface. The direction of the light emitted from the oblique part ^ the direction of the light emitted from the oblique part, and the bright object to be illuminated from the uniform::... In the previous structure of Zhaoming Zhuang, it is mainly from 上述: In the above structure, the ㈣ of the compensator area and the incident light from the main: Γ slanted part have different two: the flat part of the emitting surface. The area where the emitted light is incident, and the following: Wang wants to have mutually visible refracting soap incident from the incident light from the inclined part,: + TANHAN <The area where the emitted light is incident, with the emission two :: mechanism, each from Focusing on the sloping part and flat part to focus. Private _ f green phase from 1; 疋 'can provide to get There is no spot or unobtrusive bright illuminated object like the front lighting device. Ge ... In the former Fang Zhaoming Zhuang structure of the present invention, a return element is provided in the area of the above-mentioned compensator mainly from the structure described above. 1 of the structure 4 = light-emitting "Shao Shao :: a return element is set on the area where the light is incident, and 4 = π Qian Tan describes the exit direction to be concentrated. As a result, the spotted or unevenly illuminated objects can be illuminated before the lighting. Before the present invention, Fang Zhaoming Zhuang was so ambitious ..., Yueyizhi, according to the above structure, in the organization, 'Yu Wang Yaoma Emission light from the inclined portion of the second exit surface 505812 A7 5. Description of the invention (39) In the emission I area, a light shielding member is provided. This structure is mainly from the area where the inclined light (the incident light is incident, and a light-shielding member is provided to prevent light from passing through, so that the light emitted from the second exit surface of the light guide is known to be only the emitted light from the flat shao In this way, it is possible to realize a front lighting device that can obtain a bright object image without spots or unevenness. [Embodiment Modes] Other embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The structure described in the embodiment has the same function structure, and the same notes are used (the symbols are omitted and the description is omitted. The reflective LCD of this embodiment is the light system 5 3 before the reflective LCD described in the foregoing Embodiment 5 (see FIG. 2 0 In order to realize the above-mentioned touch panel function, as shown in FIG. 2 j, the reflective L CD of this embodiment is provided on the bottom surface 6 4 a of the optical compensation plate $ 4 and includes, for example, I τ 〇 A transparent electrode 7 2. In addition, a reflective electrode 7 j made of an aluminum-like material that can reflect light and has conductivity is provided on the inclined portion 22 of the light guide 24. The above-mentioned transparent electrode 7 2 and reflective electrode 7 3 constitute a position detection agency. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions for back-xenon before filling out this page)

The diagram shown in the lower part of FIG. 24 is a plan view of the shape of the above-mentioned reflective electrode 73 when viewed from the normal direction of the flat portion 2 i of the light guide 24. As shown in Fig. 24, since the reflective electrode 73 is provided on the entire surface of the inclined portion 22 of the light guide 23, the reflection electrode 73 has a stripe shape when viewed from the normal direction of the flat portion 21 of the light guide 24. Also, as shown in Fig. 25, the transparent electrodes 72 formed on the optical compensation plate 64 are formed in stripes, and the reflective electrodes 73 and the transparent electrodes 72 form a matrix that intersects each other at right angles. -42- The paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 505812 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention 73 and the transparent electrode 2 of the optical compensation plate 64 (plastic spacer elements (not shown) with a particle diameter of about 10 m) are interspersed to form a gap approximately equal to the particle diameter. The optical compensation plate 64 has Flexible, as shown in FIG. 26, by using a pen poem, the transparent electrode 72 is in contact with the reflective electrode M. The identification of the pen f is performed as follows. As shown in FIG. 25, each is transparent: = Reflection On the electrode 73, the scanning signal is sequentially scanned in a line, and the inspection: The x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of the contact 75 are displayed. In the plane of the touch panel, the coordinates of the position pressed by the pen 74 can be specified. Second, although a stripe-shaped core structure is formed on the optical compensation plate 64 as an example, a transparent electrode may be formed on the entire "bottom surface 64a of the optical compensation plate. However, as described above, the transparent electrode" is striped. , Has the advantage of high light utilization efficiency. In this way, according to the structure of this embodiment, the optical compensation plate 6 can function as a reflective LCD that can display the content of the liquid crystal cell 1G = 入. As described above, the 'reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention, It is attached to the panel (in front of the reflective liquid crystal device and equipped with the lighting device of the fifth embodiment: the above-mentioned compensation mechanism is for a specific pressure; otherwise, the above-mentioned compensation mechanism and the second exit surface are each provided with an H: phase. The position detection mechanism that detects the position where the pressure is applied by contacting each other. In addition to the above-mentioned structure, the front lighting device has a touch, such as pressing a position on the surface of the compensation mechanism with a pen pressure, and the compensation mechanism and the first 2Each setting and mechanism on the exit surface is opposite to the position detection mechanism, -43 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm (please read the precautions on the back * before filling this page)

Convenient for the above positions to contact each other. If this position is detected by the above-mentioned position detection mechanism (please read the precautions on the back • before filling in this page) to recognize the 4 coordinates, you can realize a reflective LCD device that can input the content displayed by the liquid crystal element with a pen. In addition, the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention is configured such that the reflective liquid crystal element includes a scanning line: the position detection mechanism includes a transparent electrode formed on a flat portion of the second exit surface: a distance between the scanning lines The distance between the transparent electrodes is about the same, and it is urgent to arrange transparent electricity above the scanning line. In addition, the above structure can arrange the transparent electrodes of the position detection mechanism on the pixel area where the liquid crystal element is actually displayed. Therefore, the resolution of the touch panel is approximately equal to that of the liquid crystal element. Thereby, when the touch panel is ordered and buckled, it has the effect of improving one of the input image and the display image. [Embodiment 7] Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. Also, for

The structure is the same as the structure described in each of the foregoing embodiments, and the same reference numerals are used to omit the description. Printed by the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperative Co., Ltd. The reflective type of the CD is shown in Figure 27, which is based on the structure described in the previous embodiment i plus a prism 8 And the diffuser plate 8 2 is a light control mechanism provided between the light source 26 and the incident surface 2 5 of the light guide 2 4 to control the incidence from the light source 26 to the incident surface 2 5 & lt Divergence angle of light. Here, the vertex angle of the prism sheet 8 is set to 100. A filler 8 4 is introduced between the light guide 24 and the polarizing plate 8 of the liquid crystal cell 10, and the difference between the refractive index and the refractive index is introduced. Although the light source 2 6 can be realized by a fluorescent tube, the output light of the fluorescent tube is not special. -44- This paper size is applicable to Chinese and National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm). Employees of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economy Cooperative printed 505812 A7 B7 &quot; &quot; —— _______ V. Description of the Invention (42) ^ Uniquely directed 'and randomly generated. Therefore, there exists light incident on the inclined portion 22 of the light guide 24 at a larger angle than the critical angle. As a result, leakage light from the inclined portion 22 may cause deterioration in display quality. If you consider the refractive index of PMM A suitable for the light guide 2 4 material is about! 5, the light having an incident angle to the inclined portion 2 2 below a critical angle (approximately 4 2.) Becomes leak light. In order to eliminate such leaky light, it is necessary to prevent the incident light that is a component of the leaked light from entering the light guide 24, and to control the divergence angle of the output light from the light source 26 by pre-light. Here, as shown in Fig. 28, the inclination angle of the inclined portion 22 opposite to the interface 28 is set to π. In addition, in FIG. 28, for convenience of explanation, the positional relationship between the inclined portion 22, the interface 28, and the incident surface 25 in the light guide 24 is extracted, and the light guide 24 is not actually such a shape. Also, assuming that the divergence angle of the light incident from the incident surface 25 of the light guide 24 is soil A, and the critical angle of the tilt Shao 2 2 is θ e, the incident angle θ of the light to the inclined portion 22 can be expressed as 6 &gt; = 90. -a-β. Therefore, the condition that the light incident from the incident surface 25 to the inclined portion 22 not be transmitted through the inclined Shao 2 2 is: H = 9 0. -α _ Lou. That is, "/? &Lt; 90-(0c +")... (Equation 3) In this embodiment, the inclination angle "of the inclined portion 22" is 10. . Plus I boundary angle &lt; 9. It is 42, and it can be seen that <38 can be derived based on the above Equation 3. . The output light from the light source 26 is diffused by the diffuser plate 82 and is incident on the prism sheet 81 again. The prism sheet 8 1 has the function of diffusing optical light in a specific angle range (please read the precautions of back gas before filling this page)-

A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (43) Yes, the vertex angle of the prism is 100. In this case, as shown in Fig. 29, the diffused light is made to about 40. Light is collected within a range of angles. The light was collected at about ± 40. When the light within the angle range is incident on the light guide body 24, it is further collected by the refraction of the incident surface 25, and becomes about 25.4. Astigmatism of range. That is, the divergence of the light incident from the incident surface 25 is sufficiently collected in the above 0 &lt; 38. Within this range, no leakage light from the inclined portion 22 is generated. In this way, in order to suppress the light source light, the reflective LCD of this embodiment is provided with a prism sheet 81 between the light source 26 and the incident surface 25 of the light guide 24, so that there is no leakage light from the inclined portion 22. , Which can further improve the display quality. In addition, in this embodiment, the vertex angle of the cymbal 81 is 100. , But not limited to this. In addition, although the light control mechanism for limiting the spread of light from the light source uses a prism sheet 81, it is not limited as long as the same effect can be obtained, and for example, a parallel light officer may be used. In addition, as shown in FIG. 30 (a), the light source 26 is covered with an ellipsoidal mirror 98, and the same effect can be obtained by constructing the light source 26 at the focal point of the ellipsoidal mirror 98. Also as described in SID DIGEST P.375 (1995), it is also possible to use the light pipe 99 shown in Fig. 30 (b) to control the spread of the irradiated light from the light source 26. As described above, the front lighting device of the present invention further includes a light control mechanism that limits the spread of light from the light source between the light source and the incident surface. Although the light from the light source is mainly reflected by the inclined portion of the second exit surface, in order to reduce the components leaking to the outside of the light guide body so that the inclined portion is not totally reflected, the light from the light source has a certain degree of directivity. It is preferable that the inclined portion has a reduced incident component at an angle smaller than the critical angle. Therefore, the above-mentioned construction tools _____- 46- This paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) • IAW. Order_

Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China A7 ^ ~ _— One B7 V. Description of the invention (44) A light control mechanism that restricts the spread of light from the light source. Utilizing efficiency, in addition to preventing speckles or unevenness on the image of the illuminated moon. Thus, a front lighting device capable of obtaining a bright and vivid surface light source of an illuminated object can be realized. The 410,000 lighting device of the present invention is in the above structure, and the light control mechanism is 10,000; the incident angle of the light directly incident from the inclined portion facing the second exit surface is larger than the critical angle, and the light from the light source is restricted It breaks apart. In addition, according to the above-mentioned structure, by restricting the administration of light from the light source by the light control mechanism, it is possible to eliminate a component that is incident at an incident angle smaller than the boundary angle from the light that is directly incident from the incident surface to the inclined portion. Thereby, the leakage light from the oblique F is reduced, and the utilization efficiency of the prismatic light is increased. In addition, it is possible to prevent speckle or unevenness of the illuminated object image. Thus, a front lighting device capable of obtaining a bright and vivid surface light source image of the illuminated object can be realized. In addition, the forefront lighting device of the present invention further includes: between the light source and the incident surface =, the light that is directly incident from the incident surface facing the i-th exit surface of the light guide body becomes approximately non-existent. Diffuse light limiting mechanism for light. The above-mentioned structure is introduced into the filler for reducing the refractive index difference of the optical interface existing between the first light guide and the second light guide, so as to exist between the first light guide and the second light guide. Compared with the case where there is an air layer, there are more components of the light incident directly from the light source = the first exit surface that are incident on the second light guide through the first exit surface. In this component, there is also light that enters the second light guide at a large incident angle, and does not help the illumination of the object to be illuminated. QThis' The above-mentioned structure of the light control mechanism restricts the divergence of light from the light source, -----—_________ Fine paper / Fine paper size Applicable to the standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210xγ97 mm) ------ Τ 一-(Please read back &amp; precautions before filling out this page), 1Τ

Description of the Invention (45) The Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Government Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China has eliminated the components that directly incident on the exit surface of the light incident from the reflective surface to the light body. This can reduce the first to the first The component that the light guide is incident at a large incident angle. Therefore, the emission surface facing the 2 4 T m 疋 can improve the efficiency of the well and realize a bright front lighting device. Kaiyou [Embodiment 8] The following is based on the drawing The other embodiments of the present invention will be described. The j-jc / v pi has the same structure as that described in each of the previous embodiments, and has a centered structure. The same symbols are used to omit the description. Reflective type of this embodiment The LCD is a reflective LCD described in each of the foregoing embodiments, and is filled with a filler (pairing agent) that prevents the attenuation of light due to the difference in refractive index between the front light (or front light system) and the liquid crystal cell 10. ). Here, the structure using the above-mentioned filler in the reflective LCD described in the embodiment 丨 will be described as an example. The embodiment 丨 as described with reference to the figure ^ The light guide 2 4 of the light-cutting 2 0 series Deviation from LCD cell 1 〇 On the plate 丨, a spacer element having a median diameter of about 50 m is laminated. As a result, a gap 2 having a uniform thickness approximately equal to the particle diameter of the spacer element 2 is formed between the liquid crystal cell 10 and the conductor 24. 9. The reflective LCD of this embodiment is located in the above-mentioned gap 29, as shown in Fig. 32, and is filled with a filler 84. The filler 84 may be wuv curable resin or salicylic acid methyl. Therefore, the interface 2 8 of the light guide 2 4 is not in contact with air but is in contact with a filler 8 4 having a higher refractive index than S gas. The filler 8 4 has a refractive index approximately equal to that of the light guide 24. The equivalent refractive index is ideal. In this case, the interface between the light guide 2 4 and the filler 8 4 is connected to the former -48 paper size applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) %) = Ϊ ~ I (Please read the precautions of backing V # before filling out this page) Order '

505812 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (46) In the case where the interface 28 of the light guide 24 of each embodiment is in contact with the air, the light movement direction of the interface 28 is different. Of the incident light from the light source 26, as shown in FIG. 31 (a), the component that is approximately perpendicularly incident on the incident surface 25 is directly incident from the incident surface 25 to the inclined portion 22 and then reflected, and then passes through the interface 2. 8 and filler 8 4 are incident on the liquid crystal cell 10. At this time, the movement of light at the interface 28 is the same as when the interface 28 is in contact with the air (see FIG. 3 (a)). On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3 1 (b), the incident light from the light source 26 is from the incident surface 25 to the interface 23, such as the light 85 a, which is reflected by the flat portion 21 and then returns to the interface. 2 8 incident persons. In such light 8 5 a or incident light from the light source 26, as shown in FIG. 31 (c), the component that is incident from the incident surface 25 to the interface 28 first is because the interface 28 is substantially the same as the light guide 24. Because the fillers of refractive index 8 4 are connected, they can be transmitted through the interface 2 8 without any effect. Although these lights are incident on the liquid crystal layer 12 of the liquid crystal cell 10 at a very large incident angle, they are reflected by the reflecting plate 17 and incident on the interface 2 8 of the light guide 2 4 at the above-mentioned large incident angle. , Will not reach the observer. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read your notes before filling out this page). However, in order to improve the efficiency of light source light use, it is desirable to eliminate the components that are directly incident from the light source 2 6 to the interface 2 8 . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the incident surface 25 is tilted such that the incident surface 25 and the interface 28 are obtuse, and the components directly incident from the incident surface 25 and the interface 28 can be removed. . In addition, as shown in FIG. 33, the angle r formed by the incident surface 25 and the interface 28 is as shown in FIG. 33. 'If the divergence angle after light from the light source 26 is incident on the incident surface 25 is taken as r ^ 9 〇 . + /? Is more ideal. From this, 5 from the incident surface --- 49- this paper size is in accordance with the national T national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 505812 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (47 The incident light source is almost all toward the interface 2 Incidence in 3 directions can better improve the utilization efficiency of light from the light source. As mentioned above, the front lighting device of the present invention is connected between the i-th light guide and the second light guide, and is introduced to relax between these light guides. A filler having a refractive index difference at an optical interface. In addition, the structure described above can suppress the presence of an air layer between the first light guide and the second light guide compared to the case where an air layer is present between the second light guide and the second light guide. Attenuation of light caused by the reflection of the optical interface between the light guide and the second light guide. Therefore, the utilization efficiency of the light from the light source can be further improved, and it can be expressed as a brighter front surface lighting device. As described above, the first If the refractive index of at least one of the first light guide and the second light guide is equal to the refractive index of the filler, the number of optical interfaces between the first light guide and the second light guide can be reduced. It is even more effective. Moreover, the front lighting device of the present invention is In the above structure, the incident surface and the i-th emission surface are configured to form an obtuse angle. In addition, according to the above-mentioned structure, the incident surface and the i-th emission surface are arranged at an obtuse angle, so that the light source light incident from the incident surface is in the light source, By reducing V directly into the exit surface, V can improve the utilization efficiency of the light source and achieve brighter front lighting. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs [Embodiment 9] The following is based on the drawing The other embodiments of the present invention will be described. Structures having the same functions as the structures described in the previous embodiments will be denoted by the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted. The reflective LCD of this embodiment is characterized by a front light 2o. The LCD cell can be opened and closed freely. 50- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 2 1X 8 05 5 A7 _ B7 Description of the invention (48) ^ In the previous embodiments, 'Although the front light or front light of the front lighting device is described There are various forms of the system, but particularly the structure described in the fourth embodiment. In the case where a metal reflection film 0 is provided on the inclined portion of the light guide 24, the metal reflection film 47 prevents the surrounding light from entering the light guide 24. Therefore, although the surrounding environment is not dark enough to use a reflective LCD lighting mode, in a situation where a sufficient amount of ambient light cannot be obtained using the reflective mode, the display in the reflective mode may become dark in particular. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 34, the reflective type [(: 1) 91 of this embodiment, the other side of the front light 20 is fixed with, for example, a lock plate (not shown), and the liquid crystal cell 10 is freely opened and closed. The front light 20 and the cover 92 covering the liquid crystal cell 10 and the front light 20 are formed as an inner cover that can be opened and closed independently. Therefore, when the reflective LCD 91 is used in the lighting mode, the front light 20 is covered on the surface of the liquid crystal cell 10, that is, the cover 9 2 is used only: the reflective LCD 91 is used In the case of the reflection mode, it can be used while the front light 2 is turned on for the liquid cell 10. With this, in the case of using the reflection mode, no loss of light is caused by the front light 20, and a reflection type L C D capable of constantly displaying bright display can be realized. In addition, although the above description has described that at least a part of the front light 20 is fixed to the liquid crystal display, the front light 20 can be completely unitized to be freely fixed to the liquid crystal cell 10. However, in this case, it is necessary to consider a storage method of the front light 20 when the front light 20 is removed from the liquid crystal cell 10. In addition, although a reflection type L CD having a front light 20 of an inner cover shape is described here, the front light system described in each of the embodiments described above may be configured as an inner cover. __- 51-____ This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions of Beitai before filling this page)-Order

Printed by the Consumers 'Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ^ 5812 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the Invention (49 As above, the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention, in which the front lighting device is provided to The reflective liquid crystal element can be opened and closed freely. In addition, if the front lighting device is turned on according to the above-mentioned structure, when the reflective liquid crystal display device is used, the front lighting device is covered with the liquid crystal element. When used, when the front lighting device is not required, it can be used with the front lighting device turned on to the liquid crystal element. As a result, when the front lighting device is not needed, the front lighting device will not be used. A reflection type liquid crystal display device capable of constantly achieving bright display can be provided by obstructing the incidence of ambient light. [Embodiment 10] Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Structures with the same function are structured, and the same symbols are used to omit their descriptions. The embodiment describes a structure combining a front-light or front-light system as a front lighting device with a reflective liquid crystal cell as an object to be illuminated &lt; reflective LCD. However, the front-light or front-light system of the front lighting device of the present invention , It is not only a user combined with a reflective liquid crystal cell. For example, as shown in the figure, in the lighting device 95 of this embodiment, the front light or front light system of each of the foregoing embodiments is formed as an independent unit, which can illuminate various Objects. For example, 'The above-mentioned lighting device 95 can be placed on the notebook 96 as shown in FIG. 35. Thus, as shown in FIG. 36, only the approximately square area of the lighting device 95 can be illuminated. Therefore, when reading in the bedroom or the like, it will not affect the people around. Also, the above embodiments are not intended to limit the inventor. It can be invented (please read the precautions behind it before filling out this page)

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Employees' cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China 505812 5. There are various changes within the scope of the invention description (50 &gt;) For example, although the light guide material is PMMA, as long as it can guide light uniformly without attenuation, and The refractive index is appropriate, and materials such as glass, polycarbonate, polyester, or polyethylene can also be used. In addition, although the dimensions of the inclined portion and the flat portion of the light guide are the same, they can be Freely design within the range that achieves the same effect. In addition, LCD cells can use a variety of LCDs such as simple matrix LCDs, active matrix LCDs, etc. Also, although the above uses the ECB mode using a polarizing plate that uses both a polarizing element and a detection element ( (Single polarizer mode) liquid crystal cell, but other PDLC or PC-GH without using a polarizer can also be used. As mentioned above, the previous illumination device of the present invention is exemplified by the foregoing embodiments, and the known objects are not limited to reflective type. The liquid crystal display element can be used to identify all display media that are displayed by the illumination of external light. In addition, for example, a self-reflecting liquid day display device The device is fixed and detached, and can be suitably removed without using a reflection type liquid crystal display device, and can be used for other display media. [贯 施 式 1 1] The following describes other aspects of the present invention based on the drawings. Embodiments. Structures having the same functions as the structures described in the previous embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof are omitted. The reflective LCD of this embodiment is shown in FIG. The structure of the front light 20 a in front of 1 0 a is the same as in the previous embodiment! 'But a second light guide (optical mechanism) is arranged between the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a and the front light 2oa'. That is, the point of the anti-reflection film 1 3, the point where the widths of the flat portion 21 and the inclined portion 22 formed on the light guide 24 are different, and the reflection type liquid (please read the precautions of the backup first) (Fill in this page)

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The Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China A7 ---______ Β7 V. Description of the Invention (51) ~ Unit cell 1 0 a The reflective electrode (reflector) i 7 a is formed inside is different from the aforementioned Embodiment 1 . First, the front light 20a will be described in detail. Previously, light 20 a was mainly composed of a light source 26 and a light guide 24 similarly to the above-mentioned embodiment i, and was covered with a reflecting mirror 2 7 so as to contact the light guide 2 4 &lt; incident surface 25 The linear light source of light 2 ό. The interface (first exit surface) 2 of the liquid crystal cell 10a side of the light guide 2 4 is formed flat. The interface opposite to this interface (second exit surface) 2 is parallel to the interface 28 or The approximately parallel flat portions and the inclined portions 22 which are inclined at a fixed angle to the flat portion 21 in the same direction are alternately arranged and formed. In this way, as shown in FIG. 37, the light guide body 24 is formed in a stepped shape as the distance from the light source 26 in a cross section normal to the longitudinal direction of the light source 26 as shown in FIG. 37. Here, the shape of the light guide 2 * will be described with reference to Figs. 38 (a) to (c). Figure 38 (a) is a plan view of the light guide viewed from above the normal direction of the flat portion, and Figure J8 (b) is a side view of the light guide viewed from the normal direction of the incident surface, and Figure 38 (c) is as A sectional view of the light guide body cut perpendicularly to both the incident surface and the interface. The material of the light guide 24 is an acrylic plate in this embodiment. The acrylic plate can be modeled to process the light guide 24 into a step shape. In this embodiment, the light guide 24 has a width of 75 mm, a length of 170 mm, a thickness h of the incident surface 25 5 = 2.0 mm, and a width W 1 of the flat portion 21. 2 mm. Further, the step difference h 2 of the inclined portion 22 is 10 / m, and the inclination of the flat portion 2 1 is α = 45. , So that the width w2 of the inclined portion is about i0 / im. Also, in this embodiment, the light guide 2 4 is at the distance from the incident surface 25, that is, the light source 2 6 ________- 54- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the back first (Please fill in this page before ordering)

V. Description of the invention (52 in the farther direction, flat Qiu)! ,Life ," . 2 heart width Wl and inclined portion 22 f and W3 = 0_21 mm gradually I tail 抡 W2 4, ^ K J To this ten Tan Department 2 1 and inclined Qiu? ? Xi (please read the notes on the back first and then fill out this page) structure, except for Fig. 38 (a) to k, the recognition of $ 丄, and the ten years of P 2 2 are clear. In addition, Yu Daoguang's bone curve 24cb, σ above Figure 39 '丨 to be more specific: 26 &quot; VI, in the direction farther away from the light source 26, that is, the light source 2 6 4 long universal to be a Maffai warrior 1 70 to … 矣-hereinafter referred to as the first direction, as previously shown in the figure, table 7JT. As shown in FIG. 39, the flat portion 21 and the inclined portion 22 are each grouped. Since the nearest person from the light source 26 is up, &quot; ^ ... Then, we will know that,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,-and-----------------------2-2 mm sections of the block 1 in this direction. The above-mentioned interval w 4 of the second block B 2 of the 100 blocks is formed to be 20 mm. f. Then, the interval W4 of the third block h is formed as b mm, the interval W 4 of the fourth block B 4 is formed as 18 mm, and the interval W4 of the fifth block B 5 is formed as 17 mm. This embodiment is printed in the light guide 24 from the end face on the side of the light source 26 in the first direction to the end face on the side where the light source 26 is not arranged in the light guide 24 in each area. Each block 4 interval W4 decreases gradually! mm. That is, as the distance from the light source 26 increases, each of the 100 groups of the flat portion 21 and the inclined portion 22, the sum of the interval between the flat portions 2 and the interval between the inclined portions 2 2 (the width of the flat portion 21 1 The width W1 and the sum W3 of the width W2 of the inclined portion 22 are gradually reduced by 10 am (1/100 mm) each. 38 (a) to (c) are for convenience of explanation, and the interval between the flat portion 21 and the inclined portion 22 is not shown to be reduced. In the light guide 24, the inclined portion 22 is mainly used as a surface that reflects light from the light source 26 to the interface 28, that is, a minute light source portion. Another 55- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ⑽812 ⑽812 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Inventive Notes (53. On the one hand, the flat section 2 1 is mainly from the When the illumination light of the front light 20a returns from the liquid crystal cell 10a as reflected light, it serves as a surface that transmits the reflected light to the observer. The functions of these parts are the same as those of the first embodiment. The guide of the front light 20a is the same. The light body 24 is based on this step-shaped structure, and in addition to 100 groups of each flat portion 21 and inclined portion 22, the interval between each group gradually decreases, such as lOAm, that is, the step-shaped structure is provided. As the distance between the light sources 26 becomes smaller, the structure becomes smaller. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the number of unit areas of the inclined portion 2 2 increases as the distance from the light source 26 increases. The incident light on the incident surface 25 is reflected by the inclined portion 22 as a minute light source portion. However, the number of unit areas of the inclined portion 22 increases as the distance from the light source 26 increases. Therefore, it is illuminated by the front light 20a. The reflective liquid crystal cell 1 0a of the object is at a position farther from the light source 26 The higher the brightness, the higher the distance from the light source 26 to the lower the brightness. If the structure of the light guide 24 of this embodiment is used, the interface 28 (the i-th exit surface) cancels out Due to the reduction in immunity caused by the distance from the light source 26, the light from the light source 26 can be efficiently guided to the entire object to be illuminated at a high angle. Therefore, the interface on the side of the object to be illuminated (the first exit) Surface), that is, the luminance distribution on the interface 2 and 8 sides is averaged. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 40 (b), the light guide 124 is formed into a wedge-shaped flat plate &lt; the conventional front light 12 will be incident from the light source 26 to the incident The incident light of the surface 125 is directly reflected by the interface 123. In addition, the brightness of the i-th output surface (the interface 128 in the front light 120) decreases as it gets farther from the light source 26. The brightness distribution of the first output surface is shown in the figure As shown in 41, compared with the conventional front light 120 ° brightness distribution representation F, the front light 20a of this embodiment -56- This paper size applies the Zhongguan Standard (CNS) M specification (21GX297 public attack ( (Please read the notes and notes of backing τ before filling in this page)

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A7 ^-~~ -___ B7 V. Description of the invention (54) 7JT chart of the knife cloth table, even at a distance of 26 from the light source. Therefore, it can be seen that before the present embodiment, the light 20a is excellent in the uniformity of the brightness distribution of the i-th exit to the plane (interface 28). In addition, for the light guides 24 of the above structure, the distance between the steps is 0 2 1 mm, and the distance between the block matrixes formed around the pixels of the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a corresponding to the light guide 24 , The distance from the groove of the inclined portion 22 is shifted. As a result, the occurrence of speckle I caused by the interference between the block matrix and the inclined portion 22 can be suppressed, and the display quality of the obtained reflective LCD can be improved. This point will be described in detail later. The results of the emission angle characteristics of the light guide 24 above are shown in FIG. 42. In the graph g of the reflective LCD side (interface 28 side) of the illuminated object, the light receiving angle is between • 10 to • 5 夂, in The brightness rises until the peak value reaches 2.000 Cd / m2. In contrast, in the graph H on the observer side (the interface 23 side), the light receiving angle reaches a brightness of about 500 Cd / m2 at a maximum of about -60 to about 30. Observing the reflection type L C D at an angle, the brightness is below 〇〇 cd / m2. The consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China printed so that the light from the light source 26 disposed on the end face of the light guide 2 4 can be illuminated from the interface 28 to the illuminated object (reflective [(: 〇) at an approximately vertical angle. At the same time, 'there is almost no light leakage on the interface 23 side or the observer side, and the light from the light source 26 can be efficiently guided to the object to be illuminated at a high angle. In addition, although a fluorescent tube is used as the light source in this embodiment 26, but the light source 26 is not limited to this. For example, an LED (light emitting diode), an EL element, or an iWise lamp can be used. Next, the liquid crystal cell 1 〇a. This liquid crystal cell! 〇a is shown in Figure 3. As shown in Figure 7, although the basic structure is the same as that of the liquid crystal cell 10 of the implementation of Form 1, but formed in the liquid crystal cell 丨 〇a -57- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)

The points of the reflectors are different. This liquid crystal cell 10a is shown in Fig. 4.3, and it can be used as a counter electrode substrate 1 la · 11c to hold the liquid crystal layer 12. In addition, the sound is displayed on the display and the surface is the electrode substrate. 1 1 a side includes a phase plate 4 9 and a polarizing plate 1 8. It should be noted that the phase difference plate 49 (not shown in FIG. 37) is provided only in FIG. 43 as shown in FIG. 43. Film, but also mouth 『Ma 2 pieces or more, if not available. The above-mentioned electrode substrate 1 1 a is provided on a glass substrate 1 4 a having a translucency, and a shape filter 3 8 is provided thereon, and a bright electrode 15a (scanning line) is seduced thereon to cover The transparent electrode 15 a is formed in such a manner that an alignment film 16 a is formed. In addition, the counter electrode substrate 1 1 a should be formed as necessary. The color filters 38 are not shown in Fig. 37. On the other hand, the private electrode substrate 1 1 c is formed on the glass substrate 丨 4 b to form an insulating film 19, and a reflective electrode (reflective plate) 1 7 a is formed thereon, so as to cover the reflective private electrode 17 a. Alignment film 6 b. A plurality of irregularities are formed on the surface of the above-mentioned insulating film, and the reflective electrode i 7 a covering this insulating film, also forms a plurality of irregularities. The above-mentioned reflective electrode 17a serves as both a liquid crystal driving electrode for driving the liquid crystal layer 2 and a reflecting plate. This reflective electrode i 7 a uses an aluminum reflective electrode having excellent reflection characteristics. Again ’the above-mentioned insulating film! The 9 series is formed of an organic photoresist, and the insulating film i 9 I via hole or uneven portion is formed by a photoetching method described later. The materials, forming methods, etc. of the glass substrates 14a, 14b, transparent electrodes 15b, and liquid crystal alignment films ba · 16b are the same as those in the first embodiment. Hereinafter, a method for forming the above-mentioned electrode substrate 1 丨 c will be described based on FIGS. 4 (a) to (e). First 'as shown in Figure 44 (a), the organic coating is fully coated on the glass substrate 14b. -58- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm). 812, Invention description (56 Photoresist) Agent, after firing the insulating film, one, and then as shown in Figure 44 (b), the spacer: 30 irradiated the mouth with a UV light 30am cover i, elephant technology 19, and remove the ultraviolet 3a A is shown in Figure 44 (C) as a makeup makeup pattern. The irradiated part of the outside line 30a is formed secondly, as shown in Figure 4 (d) Hu Jin-19, at 18 °. Force "2 Miles: The embossed portion 19a is formed by heat-dissolving on an insulating film with a specific pattern formed. Ding Yiying makes the organic photoresist hot-melt. Finally, as shown in Fig. 44 (e), 7" According to the method of embossing 1 9 a, the rocking knob is reduced by M. H 1 concavity = the reflective electrode 17 of the convex part. ^ ..., the electrode base so obtained on the surface is concave 1 c and the above electrode substrate 1 1 a each other said that the alignment film 16a · 16b is opposed to the aa standing phase w., Is opposite, and the brushing direction is anti-parallel, and is bonded with an adhesive. 丁 定 配Laoshan 丨 The space between the electrode substrates Ha · Uc is: the space between the electrodes 1 1 a · 1 1 C is equalized, and the pre-gas = grains 4.5 &quot; glass spacer element (not shown) ) Then, the liquid crystal layer 12 is formed by a liquid crystal. In addition, the liquid crystal layer is the same as that in Embodiment 1. The reflective liquid crystal cell i0a of this embodiment is manufactured as described above, and is consumed by the staff of the Central Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Cooperatives print the manufacturing steps, manufacturing conditions, and manufacturing conditions other than those described in the description, and are omitted because they are the same as the above-mentioned embodiment 1t reflective liquid crystal cell 10a, and are formed on the reflective electrode 17a of the above-mentioned electrode substrate 1lc. The pattern of the uneven portion (ie, the pattern of the uneven portion 19a of the insulating film 19) is formed irregularly, so that the incident light incident on the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a diffuses and reflects in a specific direction. -59 This paper scale applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × '297 mm) 505812 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (57), the convex and concave portions of the insulating film 19, the apex of the convex portion and the concave portion Of the bottom It is ideal in the range of 〇1 &quot; m to 2 /, m. If the difference between the convex top of the concave Λ and the bottom of the concave is within this range, it is not affected by the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules and the cell thickness of the liquid crystal cells. The incident light is diffused. The comparison between the reflection characteristics and the diffuse reflection characteristics of the above-mentioned reflective electrode 17a thus formed is similar to that of a standard white plate (MGO) made of paper. The description will be based on FIG. 45. The above MG 0 (and paper Etc.) has an isotropic reflection characteristic as shown by a dotted line M in the figure. In contrast, the above-mentioned reflective electrode 17a (MRS) has a directional scattering reflection characteristic at an angle of ± 30 ° as shown in the figure N realized in the figure. For a reflective liquid crystal cell including such a reflective electrode 17a, an image can be observed even if light from a direction other than the regular reflection direction is incident. In addition, the reflection characteristics of the above-mentioned reflective electrode 17a are not limited to those shown in FIG. 4-5, and the design of the reflective electrode 17a can be appropriately changed so as to correspond to the characteristics of the type of the device using the reflective LCD Corresponding. The reflective electrode 17a is formed adjacent to the liquid crystal layer 12 in the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a, and the reflective electrode 17a is formed on the back side of the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a (with the light guide 2). Parallax caused by the glass substrate i 4b can be eliminated in comparison with the case where the surface on the side to be contacted is opposite to the side). Therefore, in the obtained reflection-type LCD, the overlap of images can be suppressed. The structure of the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a can also be simplified. In addition, as shown in FIG. 37 and FIG. 43, the reflective electrode 17a of this embodiment may be a display mode of the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a in a polarized light mode including a polarizing plate, and as shown in FIGS. Reflective liquid of the type mode (without polarizing plate) _ _60_ This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) I i 4 — (Please read the precautions before filling in this page before filling this page)

, 1T

505812 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 V. Description of Invention (58) The unit cell is also available. Since the basic structure of such a reflective liquid crystal cell is almost the same as that of the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a, a detailed description thereof is omitted. Next, the structure of the day element arranged on the above-mentioned liquid crystal cell 10a is explained. As shown in FIG. 4, the above-mentioned reflective liquid crystal cell 10a forms a plurality of scanning lines 5 4 ... along the long direction of the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a. A plurality of signal lines 5 5 are formed in a direction perpendicular to the direction. Next, a plurality of day elements 56 are formed in a manner corresponding to the grid-like pattern formed by the scanning lines 5 4 ... and the signal lines 5 5 ···. One day element 5 6 is composed of pixel electrodes 5 6 a corresponding to three color filters of red (R), green (g), and blue (B). These pixel electrodes 5 6 a are arranged in the order of r, g, and B along the direction formed by the scanning lines 5 4... The shape of the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a in this embodiment is a diagonal 6.5 type (vertical WL-58mm 'horizontal Ll = 154.5 mm), and the number of scanning lines 5 4

Xm = 240, 55 signal lines γη = 64. In addition, the distance between the reflective liquid crystal cells 1 (pixels 56 arranged on ^? 1 ^ 0 24 111111 (11, 〇1). The above-mentioned day element 56.... Area matrix (not shown) (BM) is formed in a wide width of 8 &quot; m 〇 this embodiment 4 reflective LCD is a combination of the above-mentioned reflective liquid crystal cell 丨 〇a and front light 20a. Here, in front light 20a, The distance between the flat portion 2 丨 and the inclined portion 22 of the light guide is 〇21 claws as described above, and the scanning line 5 is smaller than the distance between the BMs. Therefore, the above-mentioned reflective liquid crystal cell 10a The distance between the BM distance and the groove distance of the inclined portion 22 can be removed. After these distances are removed, the occurrence of streaks caused by the interference between the BM and the inclined portion 22 can be suppressed. Therefore, the reflection obtained can be improved. Display of type LCD ---- _61 'This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (21 〇χ] 97 public attack)' 一 · ~ _ (Please read the precautions before filling in this page before filling in this page) Order

505812 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. The description of the invention (59 shows the quality. In the structure of the light guide 24, the distance between the flat portion 2 and the inclined portion 2 2 is better than the scanning line 5 4 .. · The interval is small, but the above-mentioned interval can be made larger than the interval between the scanning lines 54. That is, in order to suppress the occurrence of streaks, it is only necessary to move the interval between the grooves of the inclined portion ^ and the distance between BM. Here, The sum of the width W2 of the flat portion 21 and the width w2 of the slanted portion 22 is used as the pitch of the grooves of the slanted portion 22. In addition, the above BM shields the scanning lines 54 ... and the signal lines 55 ... The method is formed, but because the groove is parallel to the inclined portion 22, the scanning line 54 is parallel. Therefore, the distance between scanning lines 54 is made to be BM. The distance between the groove of the inclined portion 22 and the BM is The distance is removed, although it is only necessary to make the above ^^ and? 1 into a non-inconsistent (W0Pi) state, but the relationship between this and Pi is 2 times larger than Ws (W3 &gt; 2pi). ), Or W3 is a wide width (W3 &lt; 1 / 2Pi) smaller than half of p]. The relationship between ~ 3 and? 1 is outside the above range. The distance between the grooves of the inclined portion 22 and the distance between the BMs is approximately the same as in the case of optical judgment. Therefore, it is not ideal to prevent the generation effectively. Also, the width of the flat portion 21 of this embodiment is wide. The wide width W2 of Wi and the inclined portion 22, or the sum of these ..., the sum of W2, the angle of the inclined portion 22, and the like are not limited to the above-mentioned numbers, as long as the daylight structure of the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a used is compatible In this embodiment, in order to equalize the brightness distribution, the alignment is performed by reducing the distance between the flat parts by reducing the distance from the light source 26 to the universal direction (first direction). -62- 'Paper scale applies to China National Standard (CNS) A # Specification (21 × 29: 7 mm) (Please read the precautions for back ruthenium before filling out this page) -1— n ίί.

• / m · ⑽812 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (60) • The angle of the inclined portion 22 should be changed without changing the pitch so that the distance between the flat portion 21 and the inclined portion 22 can be reduced. For example, if the flat portion 21 is reduced, and the angle α formed by the flat portion 21 and the inclined portion 22 is smaller in the direction (first direction) farther from the light source 26, the flat portion 2 can be made smaller. The sum of the distance between 1 and the inclined portion 2 2 decreases. Even in this case, the light entering the inclined portion 22 can be efficiently emitted from the direction (first direction) farther from the light source 26, so that the luminance distribution can be averaged. In addition, the reflective LCD of this embodiment is between the front light 20a and the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a, in addition to the light 20a before the structure and the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a of the structure described above. An antireflection film is disposed as the second light guide. Explaining this anti-reflection film, the above-mentioned reflective LCD is attached to the interface (the first exit surface) of the polarizing plate 18 and the light guide body 24 arranged in the reflective liquid crystal cell 10, and functions as the anti-reflection film. Anti-reflection film i 3. In this embodiment, the anti-reflection film 13 is an anti-reflection film (TAC-HC / AR) manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation. This anti-reflection mode 13 is a multilayer structure film having a 4-layer structure. Specifically, a TAC film is used as the base material layer. The first layer is a MgF2 layer, the second layer is a CeF3 layer, the third layer is a Ti02 layer, and the fourth layer is a MgF2 layer to form an antireflection film 13. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautionary note before filling out this page) The refractive index of the above T AC film is nt = 1.5 1, and the thickness is 100 m. Also, the first layer The refractive index of the MgF2 layer is nm = 1.38, the thickness is about 100, the refractive layer of the second layer is CeF3 layer, 1.63, the thickness is about 120 nm, and the refractive index of the Ti02 layer of the third layer is nti = 23. , The thickness is about 12011111, the refractive index of the MgF2 layer of the fourth layer is n = 38, and the thickness is about 100 nm. The first to fourth layers are sequentially spaced on the TAC film of the substrate layer Formed by evaporation method. ------ _____- 63 ~ __ This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) &quot; C = When bonding with the light 20a, an adhesive with a refractive index of approximately the same as that of the thick material used for the light guide 24, the refractive index n2, is formed: θ. Therefore, it is not necessary to change the light guide 24 The input and output conditions of the internal light can enhance the anti-reflection effect and prevent the uneven distribution of brightness or the occurrence of iridescence. The i-th TAC film is not a necessary structure in the structure of the anti-reflection film i 3. For example, the second layer to the fourth layer can be directly laminated on the light guide 24 without the first! Layer. However, in this case, There may be a possibility that the manufacturing cost may increase slightly. The anti-reflection film of the above-mentioned multilayer structure film 丨 3. For a wavelength λ = 550 nm 'constitute λ / 4 · Fan / 2 · A / 4-A / 4 wavelength plate. Therefore The anti-reflection film 13 can function as an anti-reflection film 3 in the bottom wavelength band. In the upper light guide 24, the inclination 4 2 2 'formed on the surface (interface 23) of the light guide 24 has The reflective liquid crystal cell 1 0 &amp; functions as a minute light source part. Therefore, although the reflective liquid crystal cell 1 10a is irradiated with light from the inclined portion 22, the light guide 24 and the reflective liquid crystal cell 1 0a In the interface, that is, the surface opposite to the interface 23, that is, the interface 28, about 4% of the light from the inclined portion 22 is reflected as reflected light ^. According to the generation of the reflected light, the direction from the interface 2 8 is formed. The reflection image at the interface 2 3 side. Therefore, this reflection image and the image of the inclined portion 22 above interfere with each other or fold back. The observer observes that uneven brightness distribution or iris beam splitting occurs on the surface of the reflective LCD. However, in this embodiment, between the reflective liquid crystal cell 10 a and the front light 20 a of the reflective LCD in this embodiment. That is, on the 2-8 side of the interface 2 of the light guide 24, -64- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) (Please read the precautions for fatality before filling this page)

) Ca 12 A7 ~ _____ B7 __ V. Description of the Invention (62)-The configuration of the above-mentioned anti-reflection film 3 can suppress the generation of reflected light generated by the incident light from the inclined portion 22 reflected on the interface 28. In addition, it is possible to prevent the image of the inclined portion 22 acting as a minute light source portion from interfering with or being folded back from the reflection image reflected from the hair interface 28 side. Therefore, unevenness of the luminance distribution on the display observed by the observer (interface 23 side) or spectroscopic iris occurs. Based on the situation in which this antireflection film is arranged, the display brightness distribution of the reflective LCD in this embodiment is compared with the case in which it is not arranged. As shown in FIG. 48, the figure c of the case where the antireflection film is not arranged is shown in FIG. In the picture D of the case of the anti-reflection film 1 j, the brightness distribution is non-uniform and constant, and the brightness can be further improved. In addition, the anti-reflection film 3 having the above-mentioned structure can directly use a commercially available product ', and can suppress an increase in manufacturing cost of the front light 20a. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a reflection type L C D having this inexpensive front light 20 a and this. Also, because the above-mentioned antireflection film is adhered by an adhesive having a refractive index n of approximately equal to the refractive index n of the light guide 24 of the i-th light guide, it is not necessary to change the guide. Input and output conditions of light in the light body 24. This improves the anti-reflection effect. Yin Fan, a consumer cooperative of employees of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs I! _--Y-=-! Λ—---m I

The structure and material of the antireflection film 13 are not limited to the above structure and material. For example, the structure of the wavelength plate may be A / 4 _ A / 2-λ / 2 · λ / 2 _ Λ / 4. The structure of such a wavelength plate can further obtain anti-reflection effect in a wide wavelength band. An anti-reflection film with a single-layer structure of the AM wave plate may also be used. However, in this case, there may be a possibility that the wave constant region where the anti-reflection effect can be obtained becomes narrow. _______ 65 _ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 505812 A7 V. Description of the invention (63) In this way, the flat portion 2 1 formed on the surface (interface 2 3) of the light guide 2 4 and The distance between the tilted Shao 2 and 2 is formed in a direction (the first direction) that is far from the light source 26. The amount of reflected light reflected by the inclined portion 22 can be increased farther from the light source than a conventional person. . Therefore, the luminance distribution of the interface 2 3 (i-th exit surface) of the light guide 24 can be averaged. In addition, the distance between the flat portion 21 and the inclined portion 22 formed on the interface 23 of the light guide 24 of the front light 20a is made smaller than the distance between the reflective liquid crystal cells 10a, so that the formation on the day element 5 6 can be suppressed. … The speckles caused by the interference of the surrounding B M with the light caused by the above-mentioned inclined Shao 2 2 ditch. Therefore, deterioration of the display quality of the reflective L C D can be prevented. Moreover, an antireflection film 13 is provided between the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a and the front light 20a, so that the light guide can be prevented? The uneven brightness distribution of interface 23 of 4 or the spectroscopy of iris is generated. Therefore, a reflective liquid crystal LC can be obtained which is brighter and has higher display quality. Bumps are formed on the reflective electrode 17a of the reflective liquid crystal cell 10a, and the incident light can be diffused without being affected by the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules and the cell. Therefore, even if light is incident on the reflective liquid crystal cell 10 a from a direction other than the specular reflection direction, an image can be observed. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the notes on the back before filling out this page)% &amp; = Above, the present invention is the previous lighting device, in which the above-mentioned second light guide system: D :: Optical mechanism for reflecting light from the second exit surface of the i-light guide body on the first exit surface of the i-light guide body center. Zhou Xi, the first light guide! The exit surface has reflected light from the light formed at the second exit: il and oblique 4. As a result, the reflected light is generated, and a reflection image is formed from the first light exit surface to the second light exit surface. As a result, this paper scale is suitable for Zhongli Factory _-_ --------- 505812 ---- -β7 V. Description of the invention (64) The reflection image and the image of the above-mentioned inclined part are in phase with each other at 1000, T, and T%. Interference or reentry, from the perspective of the observer, uneven brightness distribution or iris splitting occurs on the surface of the illuminated object. According to the above structure, the second light guide of the front lighting device and the above-mentioned optical mechanism prevent the incident light on the inclined portion of the ㈣ from reflecting, and the exit surface reflects to generate reflected light. In addition, it is possible to prevent the image of the inclined portion, which is a minute light source portion, from interfering with or being folded back from the reflected image due to reflected light. Therefore, it is possible to prevent unevenness in the luminance distribution on the display viewed from the observer (the second exit surface) or the occurrence of spectroscopic rays. According to the present invention, in the foregoing illumination device, the above-mentioned optical mechanism is an antireflection film. In addition, since the above-mentioned optical mechanism can directly use a commercially available antireflection film, it is possible to suppress an increase in the manufacturing cost of the front lighting device. Therefore, an inexpensive front lighting device can be provided. In the front lighting device of the present invention, the optical mechanism is adhered to the i-th light guide with an adhesive having a refractive index equal to that of the first light guide on the upper side. In addition, it is possible to enhance the anti-reflection effect without substantially changing the input and output conditions of light in the first light guide body. The Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the information of the present invention. The sum of the distance between the flat surface and the inclined portion formed in the listed light guide is the farther away from the above incident surface becomes The smaller. In addition, the number of the unit area of the inclined portion decreases as the distance from the light source decreases. As the slope increases, the brightness of the surface of the object to be illuminated increases as the distance from the light source increases. Generally, the brightness decreases at a position farther from the light source. In the above-mentioned structure, the increase of the inclined portion can offset the decrease in the brightness of the illuminated object caused by the distance from the light source, and the light from the light source can be efficiently removed. Guide to the entire object at a high angle. It can be illuminated -------- 87-This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Orange (210X 297 mm) 505812 kl V. Description of Invention (65) Staff Consumption of Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs The brightness distribution on the printed surface of the cooperative is averaged. In the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the reflective liquid crystal element has a scanning line. Compared with the distance between the scanning lines, the sum of the distance between the flat surface of the second exit surface of the front lighting device and the distance between the inclined portions is small. According to the above structure, the sum of the upper part of the material and the tilt is smaller than the sum of the distance between the drawing lines. The area formed by the distance between the inclined parts of the front lighting device and the pixels around the reflective liquid crystal element. The block matrix is spaced apart. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the interference caused by the block matrix and the inclined portion: the pattern is reduced, and the display quality of the obtained reflective liquid crystal display device can be improved. 'The present invention (reflective liquid crystal display device. In the above structure, the inverse liquid crystal display device includes a scanning line: compared with the scanning line described above, the flat portion and the inclined portion of the second exit surface of the inch million lighting device The distance is large. Even for this structure, the distance between the tilt of the front lighting device and the block matrix around the pixels of the reflective liquid crystal element; phase: on. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the speckle caused by the interference between the block matrix and the inclined portion, and to improve the display quality of the obtained reflective liquid crystal display device. , P The reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention is based on the above structure, and the reflective liquid crystal display element is provided with a reflective plate having uneven portions on the surface. In addition, the reflecting plate is not affected by the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules and the cell cell of the liquid crystal cell and diffuses the incident light. Therefore, the image can be observed even when incident in the direction of regular reflection. τ ^ The reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention is in the above structure, and the above-68- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇χ 297) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page)

、 1T # · 505812 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (66 Reflective plate is a reflective electrode that also has liquid crystal panel electrodes that drive reflective liquid crystal elements. It is set adjacent to the liquid crystal layer. : Because: Crystal = the radiation plate is installed adjacent to the liquid crystal layer. Compared with the case where the parallax caused by the electrode substrate of the X-ray liquid crystal element is generated: the second structure: In the reflective liquid crystal display device, the figure can be suppressed. Image overlap: Because the plate is also a liquid crystal driving electrode, it simplifies the reflection of liquid crystal.

structure. ..., without clothes I

[Embodiment 1 2] Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In addition, there are structures having the same functions as the structures described in each of the foregoing embodiments, and the same symbols are used to denote the explanations. ° 'The LCD of the wooden embodiment is shown in Fig. 49. Although the basic structure is the same as the above-mentioned paste application mode 2, it is used as the third light guide (optical mechanism) in the door of the reflective liquid crystal cell 10 and the front light system ^ The point of the anti-reflection film 13 is the same as that of the anti-reflection film 13 described above. The descriptions of the anti-reflection film 13, the reflective liquid crystal cell 10, and the front light system 51 have been described in the foregoing second and eleventh embodiments, and are omitted. θ The anti-reflection film 3 described in this embodiment is added to the light guide 24 of the i-th light guide and the light guide 40 of the second light guide as the third light guide. In the case where this antireflection film 1 3 is not formed, it comes from the first! Light of the inclined portion 22 formed by the interface 2 3 (the first exit surface) of the light guide 2 4. On the bottom surface (second surface) 42 of the second light guide 40, about 4% is reflected as reflected light. The image of the inclined portion .22 formed by the reflected light interferes with the inclined portion 22 of the light guide 24 described above, so that a brightness 69 is generated at the interface 28 (the second exit surface) of the light guide 24-This paper scale applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 gauge (210X297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) · «This. · # · 505812 A7 V. Description of the invention (67) Uneven distribution. Here, the reflection type L c D of this embodiment is disposed between the bottom surface 42 of the second light guide 4 〇 and the surface on the display surface side of the reflection type liquid crystal cell 10, and is arranged in the same manner as the beta shape 11 described above. The same configuration of the anti-reflection film [3. The arrangement of the anti-reflection film 13 can effectively suppress the generation of the reflected light. In addition, it is possible to suppress the unevenness of the interface 2 8 &lt; unevenness distribution, and realize a reflective LCD capable of displaying with high quality. When the anti-reflection film 3 is arranged on a reflective LCD, as compared with the case where the anti-reflection film 4 is not arranged, as shown in FIG. 50 (a) and (b), the brightness when not arranged is the layout 5 0 (b) In comparison, when the above-mentioned anti-reflection film 3 is disposed, the brightness peaks 値 p of the 50th (a) cross-section of the second light guide 40 are substantially equal, and the brightness peaks 値 are stable and have no brightness distribution. Uneven. In addition, the brightness distribution status has been improved. The anti-reflection film 13 is adhered to the anti-reflection film 13 with an adhesive or the like having a refractive index n of approximately the same as the refractive index η 2 of the second light guide 40. Therefore, it is possible to improve the anti-reflection effect without changing the input / output conditions of light in the second light guide 40. Printed by the Consumers 'Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) • nil · Furthermore, the anti-reflection film with the above structure 丨 3 can be used directly as a commercially available product' can suppress the front light system The manufacturing cost of 51 increased. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an inexpensive front light system 51 and its reflection type lc D. As described above, the front lighting device of the present invention is provided with an optical mechanism as a third light guide on the second surface of the second light guide, and is used to suppress the light from the second exit surface of the first light guide. Light is reflected on the second surface. Usually, on the second surface of the second light guide, the second output from the first light guide __- 70- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by Employee Consumer Cooperative 505812 A7 — ^ ___ B7 V. Description of the Invention (68) ~~ ^ Part of the light in the inclined portion formed by the transmission surface is reflected as reflected light. The reflected light forms a reflection image from the first exit surface of the first light guide to the second exit surface. Then, the reflected image interferes with or retraces the image of the inclined portion and is viewed by an observer. That is, uneven brightness distribution or iris splitting occurs on the surface of the illuminated object. However, according to the above structure, since the front lighting device is provided with the above-mentioned optical mechanism as the third light guide, incident light from the inclined portion is not reflected on the second surface ', and the generation of reflected light can be suppressed. In addition, an oblique image acting as a minute light source portion can be prevented from interfering with or being folded back from a reflected image caused by reflected light. Therefore, uneven brightness distribution or iris splitting on the display viewed by the observer (second exit surface) can be prevented. In the foregoing illumination device of the present invention, the optical mechanism is to prevent reflection. In addition, the optical mechanism can directly use a commercially available anti-reflection film, which can suppress an increase in the manufacturing cost of the front lighting device. Therefore, an inexpensive front lighting device can be provided. In the former illumination device of the present invention, the optical mechanism is adhered to the second and second light guides with an adhesive having a refractive index approximately equal to that of the above and second light guides. In addition, it is not necessary to change the input / output conditions of light in the second light guide body to improve the anti-reflection effect. The specific implementation forms or examples in the detailed description of the invention are only used to describe each of the technologies in the month, t, and t, and the narrow interpretation of the specific examples is not required to limit the present invention. Various changes can be implemented within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the following patent applications. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)

Claims (1)

Exhausted 812 f 8103965 patent application · I-^ Shenqing Patent Fanyuan. ) &gt;} &quot; 丨 ./-Positive 1 meter '1. A front lighting device, characterized in that U ———- ~ ± has a light guide arranged in front of the light source and the object to be illuminated; the above light guide It is provided with an incident surface on which light from a light source is incident. 1 exit surface, which emits light toward the object to be illuminated; and a second exit surface, which emits light from the object to be illuminated; 2 The exit surface is an inclined part that mainly reflects the light from the light source toward the first exit surface, and a flat surface that mainly transmits + light from the object to be illuminated, and is formed as a ladder-shaped arrangement. 2. If the front lighting device of item i of the patent scope is declared, if the light guide is the first light guide, the first step is to further include a first step of averaging the brightness distribution of the emitted light from the first section. 2 Light guide. 3. If the front lighting device according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the light guide has: a first surface opposite to the 丨 exit surface of the 丨 light guide and / or a ^ surface: opposite to the first surface, the The light incident from the first light guide through the first surface is emitted toward the object to be illuminated. In addition, the first surface and the second surface are formed so as to be upward from the inclined portions of the second exit surface. . 4 罘 2 Yi Si <The distance is approximately one. 4. For example, the front lighting device of item 3 of the patent application scope, wherein the refractive index of the second light guide is substantially equal to the refractive index of the second light guide. 5. The front lighting device of the 3rd front of the Leef, in which the first light guide body "inch light system" is formed as a whole. 6. :: Please patent the front lighting device of the 3rd front, which has the 3rd guide Xianguying 'is an optical mechanism attached to the second surface of the above-mentioned second light guide body. The paper size of the projection body 2 is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A viewing grid (21〇 &gt; &lt; 297 male sauce). ) 505812 AS The second emission from the first light guide is suppressed. Emission-~ before the surface of the second 2 is reversed 7. If the front lighting device in the scope of patent application No. 6 is used, its mechanism is to prevent the reflection film.尤 子 8. If the front lighting device of item 6 of the scope of patent application, its mechanism is composed of an adhesive having a refractive index equal to the refractive index of the second guide well, and ^ Adhered to the second light guide. 9. = =, the front lighting device of item 2, wherein the second light guide = scatters the light from the i-th exit surface of the W light guide. Square lighting device, wherein the above-mentioned light scattering system is an anisotropic scattered body that only diffuses light emitted from a special angle fan, and the light emitted from the first light guide is incident on the second light guide. At least part of the angular range of the light body is included in the above-mentioned specific range. 11. If the front lighting device according to item 9 of the patent application scope, wherein the light scattering system is a front scattered body. 12. If the front lighting device of item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the second light guide system is to suppress the light from the second exit surface of the first light guide from reflecting on the first exit surface of the first light guide Optical mechanism. lj. For example, the front lighting device according to item 12 of the patent application scope, wherein the above-mentioned optical mechanism is an anti-reflection film. For example, the front lighting device of item 12 of the patent scope, wherein the above-mentioned optical mechanism has a -2- 1 national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297) having a refractive index approximately equal to that of the above-mentioned second light guide Mm) 505812 Λ8 B8 C8 D8 々, the patent application range of the refractive index adhesive is bonded to the second light guide Between the light source and the incident surface, there is a sufficient illumination device, which further includes: to make the light directly incident from the first exit surface facing the first light guide from the incident surface to approximately no range, and limit the light from the light source. Diffuse light limiting mechanism. Front lighting device, in which the above-mentioned incident 17. The front surface as in the first patent application field exists on the side of the light guide. 18. For example, the front lighting device according to item 17 of the patent application, wherein the total projection of the inclined portion on a plane perpendicular to the first exit surface is substantially equal to the projection of the incident surface on the above plane. 19. For example, the front lighting device according to item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the incident surface and the first exit surface are configured to form a Wei angle. 20. For example, the front lighting device according to the scope of the patent application, which further includes a light focusing mechanism that allows light from the light source to enter only the above-mentioned incident surface. 21. For example, the front lighting device according to the scope of the patent application, wherein the total projected area of the inclined portion on the first exit surface is smaller than the total projected area of the flat wall portion on the first exit surface. 22. For example, the front lighting device of the scope of application for a patent, wherein the flat portion is parallel to the first exit surface or has 10 to the first exit surface. The following tilt angle. 23. For example, the front lighting device in the scope of patent application, which includes a light guide. The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 505812 A8 B8 C8 D8 Shen M patent siege The refractive index is h, and the refractive index of the external medium in contact with the inclined portion is n 1 ′. The incident angle of the light incident from the light source to the inclined portion is 0, which satisfies the inequality · θ-arcsinOi / iij. 24. If the front lighting device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, a reflective member for reflecting light is provided on the surface of the inclined portion. 25. For example, the front lighting device of the scope of application for patent No. 24, wherein the refractive index of the light guide body is set to, and the refractive index of the external medium connected to the inclined portion is! ^, If the incident angle of the light incident from the light source to the inclined portion is 0, then the inequality is satisfied: 0 <arcsinOi / i ^). 26. The front lighting device according to item 24 of the patent application, wherein a light shielding member is provided on the surface of the reflective member. 27. The front lighting device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, which further includes: a compensation mechanism for concentrating the exit direction of the exit light from the flat portion of the second exit surface and the exit direction of the exit light from the inclined portion. 28. If the front side of the patent application scope No. 27, the front surface of the lighting device /, the surface is opposite to the second exit surface of the light guide; and the second surface is opposite to the above surface; in addition, compensation The first surface of the mechanism is alternately arranged: an inclined surface, and the inclined portions of the second exit surface of the disc body are substantially parallel; /, Cai, Shang, A / Γ human tintan surface, the flatter the second exit surface of the above brother The parts are approximately parallel; the exit surface of the shaped factory is in a complementary step shape; '. ~, The second surface of the above-mentioned compensation mechanism is configured to be approximately parallel to the emission surface. Yuan Youdi 1 out of 29. If you apply for patent No. 27 before the scope of the patent, Yixia Xia, of which the above-mentioned supplement -4- 505812 8 8 8 A BCD Liu Wai Fan 1ΠΊ specially asked one of the members to call A, Wang Yaowei The area from the second exit and the seal surface <the area where the exit from the oblique part is incident and the area from which the light exits mainly from the flat part of the second + 2nd exit surface has a different refractive index. . Ning 30. If the Fang Zhaomingzhuang ..., Ming device before the 27th scope of the patent application, in the above commandment mystery compensation mechanism, the main injection shaft is from the second exit, the left side, and the injecting surface <inclined Shao exit shaft A fold-back element is provided in the incident area. 31. If the front lighting device according to item 27 of the patent application scope, the compensation mechanism is provided with a light-shielding member in a region where the exit light mainly from the inclined portion of the second exit surface enters. 32. For example, the front lighting device of the scope of the patent application, which is further provided between the light source and the incident surface; a control mechanism that limits the spread of light from the light source. 33. If the front lighting device of item 32 in the scope of the patent application, the light control mechanism is in a range where the incident angle of the light directly incident from the inclined portion facing the second exit surface is larger than the critical angle, and the restriction is The spread of light from the light source. Kailuan—a front lighting device characterized by having a light guide disposed in front of the light source and the object to be illuminated; the light guide includes: a flat bottom surface; a surface opposite to the bottom surface; and a light source from the light source Incident incident surface; The above-mentioned surface is alternately arranged: a flat portion that is substantially parallel to the bottom surface; and an inclined portion that is inclined in the same direction with respect to the flat portion; and is formed in a step shape. 35. For example, the front lighting device of the first patent application scope, which is formed in the above 5-degree General Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 cm) 505812 A8 B8 C8 D8 Scope of patent application: The distance between the flat part and the inclined part of the light guide is described as follows: 越 The farther the incident surface becomes, the smaller it becomes. I 36. A kind of front lighting device, which has the following features: a light guide 1 which is arranged in front of the object to be illuminated, has an incident surface on which light from a light source is incident, and-', The brightness of the two emitted light is divided into the second light guide, and the cloth from the first light exit surface is averaged; the two light exit surfaces of the first light guide are arranged on the first surface of the illuminated object. 1 exit surface and a second exit surface disposed opposite to the first exit surface; and the above-mentioned second exit surface is: an inclined portion mainly reflecting light from a light source toward the first exit surface, and The flat portion through which the reflected light from the illuminated object is transmitted is formed in an alternately arranged shape. 37. A reflective liquid crystal display device characterized by including a reflective liquid crystal element having a reflective plate; The front-side lighting device of the patent application scope item 丨 is arranged in front of the above-mentioned reflective liquid crystal element. 38. For example, the reflection-type liquid crystal display device of the patent application scope item 37, wherein the reflective liquid crystal element has a scanning line; The distance between the scanning lines is approximately equal to the distance between the flat portions of the second exit surface of the front lighting device, and the flat portions are arranged above the scanning lines. 39. For example, the reflective liquid crystal display device of the 37th aspect of the patent application, in which the reflective liquid crystal The component has a scanning line. Compared with the above-mentioned scanning line distance, the distance between the flat portion of the second exit surface of the i-10,000 lighting device and the tilt are -6-This paper standard applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4: Specification (21〇 X 297 male cage) 505812 AS B8 C8 D8 The sum of the distances between the scope of the patent application is relatively small. 40. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to item 37 of the patent application, in which the reflective liquid crystal display device has a scanning line; Compared with the distance between the scanning lines, the sum of the distance between the flat portion and the distance between the inclined portion of the second exit surface of the front lighting device is larger. 41. For example, the reflective liquid crystal display device of the 37th aspect of the patent application, in which the upper The reflection type liquid crystal display element includes a reflection plate having uneven portions on a surface. 42. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to item 41 of the scope of patent application, wherein the reflective plate is a reflective electrode having a liquid crystal driving electrode that also drives a liquid crystal layer of the reflective liquid crystal element, and is disposed adjacent to the liquid crystal layer. 43. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to item 37 of the scope of patent application, wherein the front lighting device is provided to be able to open and close the reflective liquid crystal element freely. 44 · A reflective liquid crystal display device, characterized in that: it is located in front of a reflective liquid crystal display element with a reflective plate, and has a front lighting device that applies for item 27 of the patent application scope; the compensation mechanism is flexible to a specific pressure In addition, the above-mentioned compensation mechanism and the second exit surface are each provided with a position detection mechanism for detecting a position to which a pressure is applied by mutual contact. 45. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to item 44 of the patent application scope, wherein the reflective liquid crystal element includes a scanning line, and the position detection mechanism includes a transparent electrode formed on a flat portion of the second exit surface; The pitch is approximately equal to the distance between the transparent electrodes, and a transparent electrode is disposed above the scan line.