TW201009005A - Photovoltaic modules comprising plasticized intermediate layer films containing silica - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of plasticizer-containing films based on polyvinyl acetal comprising 0.01 to 5% by weight of SiO2, for the production of photovoltaic modules.

Description

201009005 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to the manufacture of a photovoltaic module using a polyvinyl acetal-containing plasticizer-containing film containing Si〇2 to reduce the rot of the photosensitive semiconductor layer. [Prior Art] The photovoltaic module is composed of a photosensitive semiconductor layer having a transparent film as a smashing film for preventing external effects. The thin semiconductor layer can be used as a photosensitive layer, a single crystal solar cell or a supported polycrystalline sand. The thin film solar module is composed of, for example, a photosensitive semiconductor layer applied to a substrate such as a transparent plate or a flexible carrier film by evaporation coating, chemical vapor deposition, sputtering or wet deposition. θ Usually two systems are laminated between a glass panel and a rigid back cover panel, such as glass or plastic, by a transparent adhesive. A transparent adhesive must completely surround the photosensitive semiconductor layer and its electrical connection. The connector must be stable under UV and insensitive to moisture/gas and must not blister completely after the stacking process. It is generally used as a penetrating agent based on a thermosetting molding resin or a crosslinkable ethylene vinyl acetate S (E VA), as disclosed in DE 41 22 721 C1 or DE 41 28 766 Α1. By. In the uncured state, these adhesive systems can be adjusted to surround the low viscosity of the solar cells in a non-foaming manner. An adhesive layer having mechanical strength is known after the addition of a curing agent or a crosslinking agent. The lack of these adhesive systems is 201009005: During the curing process, aggressive substances such as acids that may damage the photosensitive semiconductor layer, especially the thin film module, are usually released. Also, some molded resins tend to form bubbles or delamination due to uv irradiation after several years. An alternative to a thermosetting adhesive system is the use of a plasticizer-containing film based on polyvinyl acetal, such as polyethylene sizing (PVB) known from the manufacture of laminated glass. The solar cells are covered by one or more layers of pVB film and these films are bonded to the laminate at elevated pressure and temperature using the desired cover material. A method for producing a solar module using a PVB film is known, for example, from DE ❹ 40 26 165 C2, DE 42 278 60 A, DE 29 237 70 C2, DE 35 38 986 C2 or US 4,321,418. The use of pvb films as a laminated safety glass in solar modules has been disclosed, for example, in DE 20 302 (M5 U1, EP 1617487 A1 and DE 35 389 86 C2. However, these publications do not include the mechanical use of the PVB film used. Any information related to chemical and electrical properties. As the efficiency of photo-sensing semiconductor layers increases and the global lock-and-sell of solar modules increases, the electrical properties of thin films become more and more important. Gu's must also avoid the loss of charge in the semiconductor layer under extreme climatic conditions such as temperature, high humidity or strong UV radiation or even * short circuit. According to IEC 61215, the photovoltaic module will be subjected to the test, wet leakage Current test) to reduce the leakage current of the module. ... [I Tiankou, r v d γ muscle (10) book 丨 This 骤 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 箐 。 。 。 In the edge area of the PV module, the film as a material for the skirting material = 201009005 exposed to environmental and environmental conditions such as high ambient humidity. The water content of the film in the edge region can thus be greatly increased and exhibits an up to equilibrium moisture content value (about 3% by weight). Increasing the moisture content in the edge regions of the film greatly reduces the electrical resistance in this region. The moisture content does decrease toward the center, but in order to avoid leakage current, it is impossible to set the photosensitive semiconductor layer to the edge region of the film or module. This reduces the area of the surface being covered, thus reducing the current efficiency of the module. A solar cell, in particular a photosensitive semiconductor layer called a r film module, for example based on CIS (copper/indium/selenite) or copper/indium/gallium/sulfide/selenite (CIGS) or A thin film layer such as TCO (Transparent Conductive Oxide) used as a conductive material is chemically corrodible. The package should therefore be chemically inert and should not contain aggressive additives such as crosslinkers or initiators. Also, the presence of water or traces of acid should be avoided. Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a film containing other plasticizer based on polyvinyl acetal which has a tendency to reduce the corrosion of the photosensitive semiconductor layer or the conductive material in the photovoltaic module. Technical Solution It has been found that a polyethylene-based film comprising SiO 2 exhibits a tendency to reduce corrosion of a photosensitive semiconductor layer or a conductive material in a photovoltaic module. The absorption of moisture by the cerium oxide particles may result in a decrease in corrosion 'but the present disclosure is not limited to this explanation. Therefore, moisture cannot catalyze the cleavage of the polyethylene condensed acetate group into a polyvinyl alcohol group and acetic acid. A reduction in corrosion of the photosensitive semiconductor layer or conductive layer can result in a reduction in power loss of the photovoltaic module, which can be confirmed in long-term tests such as damp heat testing. [Embodiment] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is therefore the subject of the present invention as a photovoltaic module comprising the following laminates: a) a transparent front cover; 0 b) - or a plurality of photosensitive semiconductor layers; c) at least one a plasticizer-containing film based on polyvinyl acid; and + d) a back cover, wherein the plasticizer-containing film J) based on polyvinyl acetal comprises from 0. 01 to 5% by weight ( Si〇2 based on the total composition of the film). Further, the ion mobility and hence the electrical resistivity depending on the water content of the film can be changed by adding Si〇2, especially gas phase ceria. . The plasticizer-containing film based on the polyvinyl acetal contains from 0 to 25 parts by weight 〇 ° / ’ ', preferably from 0.01 to 1% by weight, of Si 〇 2 . The transparency of the film is not significantly impaired by the addition of Si〇2. The film used in accordance with the present invention preferably exhibits greater than 90% clarity TL (380-780 nm), more preferably greater than 95%, according to EN410. The film used in accordance with the invention preferably has a resistivity of at least 1E + 11 ohms * centimeters or greater than 5E + 11 ohms * centimeters at 23 ° C and 85% RH ambient 'fool', preferably at least 5E + 12 ohms *cm or 1E+13 ohms* minutes 6 201009005 male, optimally at least 5Ε+13 or at least 1Ε+14 ohm*cm. In order to produce a polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in water, and an acid catalyst is added to carry out an acetal reaction with an aldehyde such as butyraldehyde. The precipitated polyethylene acetal is separated, rinsed to neutral, selectively suspended in an aqueous medium to make it alkaline, rinsed again to neutral, and dried.

The acid used in the acetal reaction must be neutralized again after the reaction has taken place. If an excessive amount of test (e.g., NaOH, KOH, or Mg(OH)2) is used, the increase in the titer is 'and the basic substance may be completely or partially discarded. The polyvinyl alcohol content of the polyvinyl acetal can be adjusted by the amount of the aldehyde used in the acetalization reaction. The acetal reaction can also be carried out using other or several aldehydes (e.g., valeraldehyde) having 2·10 hindering atoms. The film based on the polyvinyl acetal containing a plasticizer preferably comprises uncrosslinked polyvinyl butyral (PVB) obtained by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with an acetal of butyraldehyde. It is also possible to use crosslinked polyethylene, especially in cross-linking (IV) PTFE shrinkage (PVB). For example, in ribs (10) m and w〇2〇〇4/〇6323ιΜ (thermal self-crosslinking containing slow-base polyethylene shrinkage), Ep 16〇6325 M (cross-linking with polyethylene) Suitable cross-linked polyethylene secrets are described in W0 〇 3/02() 776 A1 (Poly-Binding with B-Link). All of these patent applications are hereby incorporated by reference. The dioxime copolymer of the hydrolyzed vinylvinylethylene copolymer can be prepared as a polyvinyl alcohol in the case of the polymer. Up to 98% by mole and w 1 bis compound is usually hydrolyzed 3 to 10 to reset 0/〇 of vinyl units (eg 201009005)

Kuraray Europe GmbH's ''Exceval' class). Also 'in the context of the present invention, a hydrolyzed copolymer made of ethyl acetoxyacetate and at least one additional ethylenic unsaturated monomer may also be used as Polyvinyl alcohol. ~ In the context of the present invention, pure polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture of polyvinyl alcohols having different degrees of polymerization or degree of hydrolysis can be used. The polyvinyl acetal contains, in addition to the acetal unit, a self-vinyl acetate. The unit produced with -vinyl alcohol. The polyethylene shrinkage used in accordance with the present invention preferably has a polyvinyl alcohol content of less than 22% by weight, less than 20% by weight, less than 18% by weight, less than 16%. % by weight or 15% by weight, and optimally less than 14% by weight. The polyvinyl alcohol content should not be less than 12% by weight. The polyvinyl acetal content of the polyvinyl acetal used in accordance with the invention is preferably less 3% by weight, more preferably less than 1% by weight or less by weight or less than 0.5% by weight, optimally less than 0.25% by weight. The degree of shrinkage can be from the content of polyvinyl alcohol and residual Acetic acid brewing content is calculated. The ground has a maximum plasticizer content of 40% by weight, 35 weights, '32% by weight, 30% by weight, 28% by weight, 26% by weight, 24% by weight or 22% by weight for the processability of the film. The reason for the plasticizer comprising Dong should not be less than 15% by weight (each based on the total film formulation). The film or photovoltaic mold according to the invention may comprise one or more plasticizers. The film according to the invention is suitable for plastics. The agent is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of: - an ester of a polyvalent aliphatic or aromatic acid, for example: adipic acid di-burning 酉 8 201009005 = dihexyl hexanoate, adipic acid Octyl ester, hexadienyl and decylhexyl-hexylcyclohexyl ester, heptyl hydrazine C compound, adipic acid diisoindole series, adipic acid glycol sinter (4); a class of azelaic acid 癸"acid and ring _ or ether chain containing vinegar dicarboxylic acid, butoxyethyl) acetonate acetate or o-benzoquinone

a multi-layered fat or vinegar having an oligo- 1 diol or an ether which is unbranched or divided into, for example, a bis-group substituent; 5 diol and a hetero- or branched-chain succinic acid) -' Alcohol bis(2-ethylhexanoic acid vinegar), triethylene glycol bisethyl hexanoate, bis-2-diol bis(2-ethylbutyrate vinegar), tetraethylene glycol bis-positive-glycan Acid glycol alcohol bis-n-heptanoate, triethylene glycol bis-hexanoate, tetraethyl-β _ and / or dipropylene glycol benzoate can be used as an example of the latter group - with aliphatic or aromatic Phosphate esters of group ester alcohols such as phenyl (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TOF), triethyl phosphate, diphenyl-2-ethylhexyl phosphate and/or trisyl phosphate - an ester of citric acid, succinic acid and/or fumaric acid, one or more compounds selected from the following groups, particularly suitable as plasticizers for films according to the invention: sebacic acid di(2-) Ethylhexyl) DOS, di(2-ethylhexyl) acetonate (D〇A), dihexyl adipate (DHA), dihexyl phthalate (DBS), triethyl Diol bis-n-heptanoate (3G7), tetraethylene Bi-n-heptanoate (4〇7), triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate) (3G0 or 3G8), tetraethylene glycol bis(n--2-ethylhexanoate) 4G〇 or 4G8), di(2-butoxyethyl) gaddiate (dbEA), diammonium adipate 201009005 oxyethoxyethyl vinegar (DBEEA), azelaic acid II ( 2_Butoxyethyl)ester (DBES), bis(2-ethylhexyl) acetonate (D〇p), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), triethylene Alcohol bis(isodecanoate), triethylene glycol bis(2-propylhexanoate), glucosinolate (2-ethylhexyl) ester (T〇F), 丨^-cyclohexane di-oroxic acid Mercapious vinegar (DINCH) and dipropylene glycol benzoic acid vinegar. A plasticizer which is particularly suitable for use as a film for use in accordance with the present invention is a plasticizer having the following characteristics: the polarity represented by the formula 1〇〇X〇/(C+H) is less than or equal to 9.4, wherein 〇, C and Η represent the number of oxygen, carbon and hydrogen atoms in each molecule. The following table shows the plasticizer 〇 and its formula 10〇X〇/(C+H) values applicable in accordance with the present invention. Table 1 Polarity value 5.3 Name _ Deng Er_ acid di(2-ethylhexyl, 53⁄4 mos) 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (PINCH) Ethylhexyl) ester (DOA) 5.4 6.3 A hairless diethylhexyl) ester (DOP) ^£^_ bis (2-propyl hexanoate) Ethylene cone _5 _ work wire 36 «? 6.5

In order to increase the transparency more intensively, a doped SiO 2 -to-film mixture can be added, and the swarf of the plasticized (four) film based on the polyethylene secret. Such si〇2 comprises U to 2 〇 201009005 % (based on SiO 2 ) of ai 2 〇 3, Ti02, Zr 〇 2 and/or MgO, and is commercially available from Evonik Degussa GmbH. Another possibility to reduce the susceptibility of the film used in accordance with the invention to the rot of the photosensitive semiconductor layer is to avoid trace amounts of acid or acidity in the film. The possibility of avoiding traces of acid during the manufacture of the film material is to reduce the susceptibility of the film used in accordance with the invention to the corrosion of the photosensitive semiconductor layer. Such films are usually produced by squeezing at elevated temperatures, and the polymer material or plasticizer may be thermally decomposed thereby. Further, the residual acetate group of the polyvinyl alcohol may be cleaved by the diffused water, whereby acetic acid is generated. In both cases, a trace amount of acid may corrode the photosensitive semiconductor film layer. Accordingly, the film used in accordance with the present invention preferably has a particular basicity as indicated by an alkali titer which should be greater than 5 or 1 Torr, preferably greater than 15, and most preferably greater than 20. 3〇 or 4(^ should not exceed the maximum titer of 100. As described below, alkali titration is determined by back titration of the film and can be added by adding an organic substance such as organic having 1 to 15 carbon atoms. The metal carboxylate is especially adjusted with a specific alkali or alkaline earth salt such as magnesium acetate or potassium acetate. The concentration of the basic compound used is usually from 至5 to 2% by weight, most preferably from 0.05 to 1% by weight. Further, based on the total mixture, the film according to the invention may further comprise customary additives such as chemical stabilizers, UV stabilizers, dyes, pigments, anti-caking agents. Theoretically based on polyvinyl acetal film Manufacturing and composition

II 201009005 is described, for example, in EP 185 863 Bl, EP 1 118 258 B1, WO 02/102591

Al, EP 1 118 258 B1 or ep 387 148 B1. The photovoltaic module is fabricated by welding a thin film to obtain a photosensitive semiconductor layer retaining wall without bubbles and stripes. In a variant of the photovoltaic module according to the invention, the photosensitive semiconductor layer is applied with a cover plate d)' by, for example, steaming, chemical vapor deposition, reduced bonding or wet deposition and by at least one film c) Bonded to the transparent front cover is small. In another variation, the photosensitive semiconductor layer is applied to the transparent front cover a) ii to the back cover d) by at least one film c). In another variation of the present invention, a photovoltaic module is obtained by embedding a photosensitive semiconductor layer between two thin glands c) and bonding to the cover plate in this manner. The thickness of the plasticizer-containing film based on polyvinyl acetal is usually 0.38, 0.51, 0.76, 1.14, 1.52 or 2.28 mm. During the lamination process, the film used in accordance with the present invention fills voids present in the photosensitive semiconductor layer or its electrical connections. The transparent front cover a) is usually made of glass or PMMA. The back cover d) of the photovoltaic module according to the present invention may be composed of glass, plastic or metal or a composite article thereof; at least one of the supports may be transparent. One or both of the cover sheets may also be designed as a laminated glass (i.e., a laminated layer made of at least two glass sheets and how many PVB films) or an insulating ground with a gas gap. Naturally, a combination of these methods can also be used. The photosensitive semiconductor layer used in the module does not need to have any special characteristics. Single crystal, polycrystalline or amorphous systems can be used. In the thin film solar module, the photosensitive semiconductor layer is directly applied to 12 201009005 Jiang Yi I. It is not necessary to package the photosensitive semiconductor I here. In this case, a combination of a photosensitive semiconductor layer deposition J, a polyvinyl acetal-based plasticizer-containing film, and a transparent earth plate is combined with a ss building (eg, 'back film). And then bonding it at elevated temperature, the sensitization of the sensitized semi-conducting county can be deposited onto the (four) cover a), and then using the plasticizer film based on the polyacetal shrink disk to assist the adhesion Or fold to the back panel. ❹ For the superposition of the composite thus obtained, the pre-laminated layer may be pre-manufactured or not pre-manufactured using the technique of the present invention, which is well known to those skilled in the art. The so-called autoclave treatment is carried out at a temperature of about 10 to 15 bar and a temperature of 130 to 145 ° C for more than about 2 hours. For example, according to EP 1 235 683 B1, the vacuum bag or vacuum ring process is operated at about mbar and 130 to 145 °C. A vacuum laminator is preferably used to fabricate a photovoltaic module in accordance with the present invention. It consists of a heatable and vacuumable chamber in which the laminated bismuth glass can be laminated in 30 to 60 minutes. It has been confirmed that the actually reduced pressure is from 0.01 to 300 mbar and the temperature is from 100 to 200 ° C, most preferably from 130 to 160. Alternatively, the assembled composite as described above may be pressed into a module according to the invention between at least one pair of rollers at a temperature of 6 Torr to 150 °C. Such devices are well known in the manufacture of laminated glass and typically have at least one heating conduit upstream or downstream of the first compression device in an apparatus having two pressing instructions. 13 201009005 Industrial Applicability The present invention is further characterized by a polyvinyl acetal-based plasticizer-containing film comprising 0.01 to 5% by weight (based on the total composition of the film) or a preferred embodiment as mentioned. For example, the use of photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic module according to the invention can be used as an exterior element, a roof area, a winter garden covering, a soundproof wall, a balcony or a handrail element or a window element. Measurement Procedure After the film was allowed to stand at a defined temperature and ambient humidity (23 ° C and 85% RH) for at least 24 hours, the volumetric resistance of the film was measured according to din IEC 60093 under these conditions. Measurements were performed using a Model 302 132 plate electrode from Fetronic GmbH and a resistivity meter is〇-Digi 5kV from Amprobe. The test voltage is 2.5 kV, and the waiting time for the measurement data is 60 seconds after the test voltage is applied. In order to ensure sufficient contact between the flat plate of the measuring electrode and the film, when measuring according to DIN EN ISO 4287

The surface roughness Rz of the film should not be greater than 1 μm; that is, the original surface of the pvB film must be planarized with heat reemboss before it is measured for resistivity. The polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate content of the polyvinyl acetal is determined in accordance with ASTM D 1396-92. The analysis of the metal ion content was carried out using an atomic absorption spectrum (AAS). The water or moisture content of the film is determined by the Karl Fischer method. This method can be used as a function of the distance between the edges of the film on both the unlaminated film and the laminated photovoltaic module. Alkali Titer 201009005, = 3 to 4 grams of plasticizer-containing polyethylene shrink film was magnetically dissolved in 100 ml of ethanol/THF (80:20) mixture. Add 10 ml of diluted hydrochloric acid (tetra) 〇 1 mol/L) to the above solution, and then use a titrator to diethylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) solution in 2-propanol (c 0.01 mol) /L) Potentiometric titration of the sample and simultaneous blank titration. Alkaline titration is calculated in the following manner: • Alkali titration = HC1 ml per 100 g sample = (TBAH blank sample consumption - TBAH sample X100 divided by sample weight) Moisture test according to IEC Conducted at 61646. Example In a laminate machine process, a 30 χ 30 cm sized substrate glass and cover glass were placed in contact with a thin layer photovoltaic cell (CIS) function using a PVB film. After the first light exposure treatment (equilibrium), the power output (photocurrent yield) of the test module is measured. After 1 hour of damp heat test (85% RF, 85. ,, the module is again balanced and the photocurrent yield is determined. ❹ PV modules may lose some efficiency or power output due to edge effects such as moisture penetration. This is related to both the module and the comparison module according to the invention. Furthermore, the corrosion effect which may depend on the moisture content of the interlayer film may affect the productivity of the module. Tables 2 and 3 show the mode according to the invention. The group also has a power loss, but this loss is significantly smaller than that of a module made with no added Si〇4 film. This effect can be further improved by low alkali titration. Table 2 and 3 It is % by weight based on the combined weight of pVB and plasticizer 15 201009005. 3G8 stands for triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate), RA stands for residual acetate content and AT stands for alkali titration. AEROSIL 130 and TINUVIN 328 are commercially available products from Evonik Degussa and CIBA respectively. The power loss of the CIS module is measured in % after 1 hour of damp heat test and the volume resistance is based on Din IEC 60093 in the film. 850 /. Humidity And measured at 23 ° C conditions and measured in ohms * centimeters (as described above). Table 2 Example Comparative Example 1 - Example 1 Example 2 Description No Si〇2 —- _ ———— — with 1.5% Si 〇2, low AT with 1.5% SiO2, high AT PVB 76 76 76 3G8 24 24 24 AEROSIL 130 1.5 1.5 TINUVIN 328 0.15 0.15 0.15 Sodium acetate • MgAc2*4H20 0.025 PVOH content PVB 15.7 — ---- 15.7 _ --- ---- 15.7 AT PVB 4 I-- ---- 4 4 AT film 2 0 15 Power loss 23% 18% .1 - 14% Volume resistance 6.4E+12 4.6E+12 4.4E+12

201009005 Table 3 Example Example 3 Example 4 Description with 3% SiO 2 , low AT with 2% SiO 2 , high AT PVB 76 76 3G8 24 24 AEROSIL 130 3 3 TINUVIN 328 0.15 0.15 Sodium Acetate - MgAc2*4H20 - 0.050 PVOH - Content 15.7 15.7 PVB AT PVB 4 4 AT film 0 26 Power loss 12% 8% Volume resistance 4.5E+12 5.1E+12

[Simple description of the diagram] None [Key component symbol description] None 17

Claims (1)

201009005 VII. Patent application scope: I A photovoltaic module comprising the following laminates: a) a transparent front cover; b) one or more photosensitive semiconductor layers; c) at least one based on polycondensation a plasticizer-containing film; and d) a back cover, characterized by a plasticizer-containing film package based on polyvinyl acetal, containing from 1 to 5% by weight of SiO 2 . © 2· For example, the photovoltaic module of the scope of the patent application 帛i is characterized in that the plasticizer-containing film c) based on the shrinkage of the polymethylene has a plasticizer content of a maximum weight %. 3. For example, the scope of the application for the range of items from item 2 to item 2 of the towel is specific to it. The plasticizer-containing film c) based on polyvinyl acetal has a bulk resistance greater than 丨 + u ohm * cm in an ambient atmosphere of 85% H / 23 C. 4 ^ The photovoltaic module of claim 1 & 1st to 3rd, which is based on the (4) acetaminophen-based plasticizer-containing thinner having a base titer of 5. 5. If the patent application scope is summer, the amount of polyethylene acetal is determined. The photovoltaic module according to any one of the above items, which has a polyvinyl alcohol content of less than 22% by weight. 6. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 5 to 5, 201009005 ' ¥ / &gt The plasticizer-containing film C) based on the polyethylene-based shrinkage path contains a metal carboxylate having 1 to 15 carbon atoms as a basic compound. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polyvinyl acetal has a polyvinyl acetate-vinegar content of less than 3% by weight. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the photosensitive semiconductor layer is applied to the cover d) and is based on at least one of the polyvinyl acetal. The plasticizer film c) is bonded to the transparent front cover a). 9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the photosensitive semiconductor layer is applied to the transparent front cover a) and is based on at least one of the polyethylene acetal. The plasticizer film c) is bonded to the back cover d). 10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 7-1 to 7, characterized in that the photosensitive semiconductor layer b) is widely embedded between the two films c) and bonded to the cover in this manner. Board hook and d). 11. The use of a plasticizer-containing film based on a polyethylene shrinkage in the manufacture of a photovoltaic module comprising from 1 to 5 parts by weight. /〇之si〇2. 12. The use of a photovoltaic module as claimed in any of the scope of the patent application Scope 1-3 to as an exterior element, roof area, winter cover, soundproof wall, balcony or handrail element or window element. 19 201009005 IV. Designation of representative drawings: (1) The representative representative of the case is: (No). (2) A brief description of the symbol of the representative figure: None 5. If there is a chemical formula in this case, please disclose the chemical formula that best shows the characteristics of the invention: None