200937177 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種電腦工作狀態轉換方法。 【先前技術】 高級配置及電源管理介面（Adyanced Configuration and Power Management Interface，ACPI)係 1997 年由英特 爾（INTEL)、微軟（MICROSOFT)及東芝（TOSHIBA) 共同開發之電源管理標準。200937177 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a method for converting a working state of a computer. [Prior Art] The Adyanced Configuration and Power Management Interface (ACPI) is a power management standard jointly developed by INTEL, MICROSOFT and TOSHIBA in 1997.
ACPI定義了六種電源模式S0-S5，它們代表之含義分 別係：SO工作模式：電腦處於正常工作狀態，所有設備全 開，S1睡眠模式：稱為p〇s ( p〇wer 〇n Suspend)，除了透 過CPU時鐘控制器將CPU關閉之外，其它部件仍然正常 工作’ S2睡眠核式.CPU處於停止運作狀態，匯流排時 鐘也被關閉’但其餘設備仍然運轉；S3睡眠模式：稱為 =(Suspend t。RAM，錄態稱作掛起到記憶體），除記 憶體之外之部件都停止工作’將系統進入 態=到記憶體中，電源仍然繼續為記憶體等最必: 艺備供電：確保資料不丟失;s4睡眠模式 ⑽ ㈤掛起到硬碟），其與 樣，只不過將系統進人s T D〜〜K之原理几王- 像槽並將^'作狀態資料構建成一影 像田將…”像檔暫存於硬碟，此 是硬碟仍然帶電並可以被喚 機、=電:：，但 内之所有設備全部關閉。 關機铋式.包括電源在 當電腦處於S1，S2，S3三種睡眠模式時，只要系統 200937177 斷電，所有工作狀態資料都會丟失，以致系統無法快速由 該三種睡眠模式轉入S0工作模式。而當電腦處於S4睡眠 * 模式時，即使系統斷電，當系統要轉入so工作模式時， 可以將硬碟中之影像檔還原至記憶體以實現順利開機。 然而，電腦從S4睡眠模式轉入S0工作模式也存在缺 陷：第一，當用戶於S0工作模式下開啟一個程式、沒有 儲存該程式即進入S4睡眠模式，於S4睡眠模式下拔掉電 源並更改了系統開機時之啟動裝置（如記憶體、硬碟）並 Ο 關閉電源後，再次開啟電源時，因為開機時之啟動裝置改 變了，系統無法恢復到so工作模式，尚未儲存之程式也 無法還原；第二，硬碟之啟動及讀寫速度比較慢，所以系 統進入或離開S4睡眠模式之時間也比較長。 【發明内容】 鑒於以上内容，有必要提供一種電腦工作狀態轉換方 法，能夠使得電腦穩定且迅速地實現睡眠模式與工作模式 ^ 之轉換。 ❹ 該電腦工作狀態轉換方法包括以下步驟：（A)輸入使 電腦從工作模式轉入睡眠模式之指令；（B)電源管理器發 送操作停止指令通知作業系統正在執行之程式；（C)儲存 記憶體中當前工作狀態資料構建成之影像檔至快閃記憶 體；（D)執行進入睡眠控制方法使電腦系統進入睡眠狀 態；（E)輸入使電腦從睡眠模式轉入工作模式之指令；（F) 基本輸入輸出系統初始化系統硬體，並檢查系統硬體是否 改變；（G)若系統硬體未發生改變，則從快閃記憶體還原 200937177 ，A It體&像’（H)若硬體發生改變，則基本輸人輸出系統 ，設定電腦系統離開睡眠模式、開機上電自檢並初始化記憶 體工間，建立§己憶體映射，作業系統電源管理系統從硬碟 還原記憶體影像或戟入作業系統到記憶體；及⑴作業系 ’充電源s理系統執行轉入工作狀態控制方法使電腦系統從 睡眠模式轉入工作模式。 、相較於$知技術，本發明提供之電腦工作狀態轉換方 絲電月自系統進入S4睡眠模式前透過電源管理器發送停 止操=事件通知所有程式，確認所有程式都已經關閉，避 免了田& A返回工作狀態因記憶體影像遺失或開機裝置改 Ik成資料la失’此外’該方法於電腦系統進入S4睡眠 模式時將g憶體影像存放於主機板上之快閃記憶體，加快 了電腦開關機讀、寫記憶體影像之速度。 【實施方式】 如圖1所示’係本發明電腦工作狀態轉換方法較佳實 Q施例之應用環境圖。該電腦包括三層架構：作業系統 (Operation System，〇s)用戶層、内核層及硬體層。作 業系統用戶層包括電源管理器1〇及應用程式2〇。作業系 統内核層包括系統内核30、作業系統直接電源管理 (Operation System-Directed Power Management，OSPM) 40 (以下簡稱OSPM系統40)、高級配置及電源管理介面 (Advanced Configuration and Power Management Interface，ACPI) 50 (以下簡稱ACPI介面50)及設備驅 動程式60。硬體層包括硬體70及基本輸入輸出系統（Basic 200937177ACPI defines six power modes S0-S5, which mean the following: SO working mode: the computer is in normal working state, all devices are fully open, S1 sleep mode: called p〇s (p〇wer 〇n Suspend), In addition to shutting down the CPU through the CPU clock controller, the other components still work normally 'S2 sleep core. The CPU is in a stopped state, the bus clock is also turned off' but the rest of the device is still running; S3 sleep mode: called = ( Suspend t. RAM, recording state is called suspend to memory), except for the memory, the components stop working. 'The system enters the state= into the memory, the power supply continues to be the most important for the memory, etc.: : to ensure that the data is not lost; s4 sleep mode (10) (five) hangs to the hard disk), and it is the same, only the system into the s TD ~ ~ K principle of the king - like the slot and ^ ' state data into an image Tian will..." The file is temporarily stored on the hard drive. This is the hard drive still powered and can be called, = electricity::, but all the devices inside are turned off. Shutdown mode. Including the power supply when the computer is in S1, S2 , S3 three sleep modes As long as the system 200937177 is powered off, all working status data will be lost, so that the system cannot be quickly transferred from the three sleep modes to the S0 working mode. When the computer is in the S4 sleep* mode, even if the system is powered off, when the system is to be transferred to the so In the working mode, the image file in the hard disk can be restored to the memory for smooth booting. However, the computer shifts from the S4 sleep mode to the S0 working mode. There is also a defect: first, when the user opens a program in the S0 working mode. If you don't save the program, you will enter the S4 sleep mode, unplug the power in the S4 sleep mode and change the boot device (such as memory, hard drive) when the system is turned on and turn off the power after turning the power on again, because it is turned on. The boot device has changed, the system cannot be restored to the so working mode, and the program that has not been stored cannot be restored. Second, the booting and reading and writing speed of the hard disk is relatively slow, so the system enters or leaves the S4 sleep mode for a long time. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a computer working state conversion method capable of making electricity The sleep mode and the work mode are converted stably and quickly. ❹ The computer working state conversion method includes the following steps: (A) inputting an instruction to transfer the computer from the working mode to the sleep mode; (B) the power manager transmitting operation stops. The instruction notifies the operating system that the program is being executed; (C) stores the image file of the current working state data in the memory to the flash memory; (D) executes the sleep control method to put the computer system into the sleep state; (E) input (F) The basic input/output system initializes the system hardware and checks whether the system hardware changes; (G) restores from the flash memory if the system hardware has not changed. 200937177, A It body & like '(H) If the hardware changes, the basic input system is set, the computer system is set to leave the sleep mode, the power-on self-test is started and the memory is initialized, and the § memory mapping is established. , the operating system power management system restores the memory image from the hard disk or into the operating system to the memory; and (1) the operating system 'charging source s Into the system performs duty control method makes computer system from the sleep mode into the operating mode. Compared with the prior art, the computer provides a computer working state conversion square wire and electricity monthly system before the system enters the S4 sleep mode, and sends a stop operation through the power manager to notify all programs, confirming that all programs have been closed, avoiding the field. & A return to work status due to loss of memory image or boot device change Ik into data loss 'in addition' this method when the computer system enters S4 sleep mode, the g memory image is stored in the flash memory on the motherboard, speed up The speed at which the computer switches the reader to read and write the memory image. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 is an application environment diagram of a preferred embodiment of the computer working state conversion method of the present invention. The computer consists of a three-tier architecture: Operation System (〇s) user layer, kernel layer and hardware layer. The user layer of the operating system includes the power manager 1 and the application 2〇. The operating system kernel layer includes the system kernel 30, the operation system-directed power management (OSPM) 40 (hereinafter referred to as OSPM system 40), the advanced configuration and power management interface (ACPI) 50 (hereinafter referred to as ACPI interface 50) and device driver 60. The hardware layer includes the hardware 70 and the basic input and output system (Basic 200937177
Input/Output System，BIOS ) 80 (以下簡稱 BI〇s 8〇 )。 . 其中，硬體70包括電腦主機板、各種晶片、存儲設 備及其它週邊設備，如記憶體、快閃記憶體及硬碟等。圖 1中僅示出硬碟71及快閃記憶體72。 如圖2所示，係本發明電腦工作狀態轉換方法較佳實 施例之總流程圖。 ' 首先，於步驟S100,用戶向處於s〇工作模式中之電 腦系統下達進入S4睡眠模式之指令。 ❾ 於步驟S102’電源管理器10通過系統内核3〇發送操 作停止指令通知所有程式，包括用戶層之所有應用程式加 及内核層之各種設備驅動程式6〇,以提醒用戶對運行中之 應用程式20進行儲存作業，避免系統從S4睡眠停止返回 時資料丟失。 於步驟S104，BIOS 80儲存記憶體中當前工作狀態資 料構建成之影像檔至快閃記憶體72。於Acpi規範中，系 ❹統由工作狀態進入S4睡眠狀態有兩種機制：0SPM發起機 制及BIOS發起機制。若系統應用〇SpM發起機制，則於 系統進入S4睡眠狀態前，由0SPM負責儲存記憶體中所 有資料到非易失性儲存設備（如硬碟，快閃記憶體），當系 統被唤醒時由OSPM還原記憶體資料；若系統應用BI〇s 發起機制，則於系統進入S4睡眠模式前，由BI〇s負責儲 存έ己憶體中所有資料到非易失性儲存設備，當系統被喚醒 時由BIOS還原記憶體資料。支援BIOS機制發起S4睡眠 模式之平臺同時支援0SPM發起機制，也就是說，影像檔 9 200937177 除了被BIOS 80儲存至記憶體72，還被OSPM 40通過系 統内核30及ACPI介面40儲存至硬碟71。 ’ 於步驟S106’OSPM 40執行進入睡眠狀態控制方法令 電腦系統進入S4睡眠模式。所述進入睡眠狀態控制方法 包括 TTS ( Transition To State )、PTS ( Prepare To Sleep ) 及GTS ( Going To Sleep )控制方法。OSPM於系統開始由 工作模式轉換至睡眠模式時執行TTS控制方法，主要係處 理進入睡眠模式前及下次喚醒之準備工作。OSPM 40於系 © 統由工作模式轉換至睡眠模式期間執行PTS控制方法，主 要係通知系統將要進入何種睡眠模式，以便執行相應之電 源管理動作。GTS控制方法允許ACPI系統韌體於進入睡 眠模式前執行任何必要之系統定義功能。執行完這些控制 方法後’系統進入S4睡眠模式。 於步驟S108，用戶向電腦系統下達從S4睡眠模式轉 入S0工作模式之指令。 ❹ 於步驟S110，BIOS 80初始化系統基本硬體7〇，包 括CPU ( Centre Process Unit ’中央處理器），各種存儲設 備（如記憶體、硬碟71、快閃記憶體72)、各種晶片甘 它週邊設備。 、 於步驟S112，BIOS 80檢查系統處於S4睡眠模式時 硬體70是否改變。如果系統硬體7〇沒有改變，則進入步 驟S1U，BIOS80從快閃記憶體還原記憶體影像檔。y 於步驟S116, OSPM 40執行轉入工作模式指令使系統 從S4睡眠模式轉入s〇工作模式。所述轉入工作模式指令 200937177 包括將系統設置為ACPI模式、執行BFS( Back From Sleep ) 控制方法及WAK ( Wake )控制方法。〇SPM 40於ACPI * 模式下、系統由S4睡眠模式轉入工作模式前執行BFS控 制方法’允許ACPI系統韌體於將控制權交給〇s前執行任 何必要之系統定義功能。之後，〇SPM 40執行WAK控制 方法通過系統内核30喚醒程式，包括應用程式20及設備 驅動程式60 ’設備驅動程式60驅動相應硬體70，電腦系 統由S4睡眠模式轉入s〇工作模式。 〇 於步驟S118 ’作業系統初始化。 於上述步驟S112，如果BIOS 80檢查系統於S4睡眠 模式期間硬體70發生改變’則進入步驟sl2〇，BIOS 80 設置系統離開睡眠模式。 之後，流程進入步驟S122，系統進入一般開機模式， BIOS 80開始上電自檢並初始化記憶體空間、建立記憶體 空間之映射，以避免BIOS 80將控制權交給〇s後才發現 ❹電腦系統無法按照從睡眠模式轉入工作模式之方式開機。 於步驟S124，OSPM 40從硬碟71還原記憶體影像或 直接從硬碟71載入作業系統到記憶體。之後，流程進入步 驟 S116。 如圖3所示，係圖2中步騍8124之細化流程圖。 於步驟S200,OSPM40獲取記憶體映射。Input/Output System, BIOS ) 80 (hereinafter referred to as BI〇s 8〇). Among them, the hardware 70 includes a computer motherboard, various chips, storage devices, and other peripheral devices such as a memory, a flash memory, and a hard disk. Only the hard disk 71 and the flash memory 72 are shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 2, it is a general flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the computer operating state transition method of the present invention. First, in step S100, the user gives an instruction to enter the S4 sleep mode to the computer system in the s〇 working mode. In step S102, the power manager 10 sends an operation stop command to notify all programs through the system kernel 3, including all application layers of the user layer and various device drivers of the kernel layer, to remind the user of the running application. 20 Perform a storage operation to prevent data loss when the system returns from S4 sleep stop. In step S104, the BIOS 80 stores the image file of the current working state data in the memory to the flash memory 72. In the Acci specification, there are two mechanisms for entering the S4 sleep state from the working state: the 0SPM originating mechanism and the BIOS initiating mechanism. If the system applies the SpM initiation mechanism, the OSP is responsible for storing all the data in the memory to the non-volatile storage device (such as hard disk, flash memory) before the system enters the S4 sleep state. OSPM restores the memory data; if the system uses the BI〇s initiation mechanism, the BI〇s are responsible for storing all the data in the memory to the non-volatile storage device before the system enters the S4 sleep mode, when the system is woken up. The memory data is restored by the BIOS. The platform that supports the BIOS mechanism to initiate the S4 sleep mode supports the 0SPM initiation mechanism. That is to say, the image file 9 200937177 is stored in the memory 72 by the BIOS 80, and is also stored by the OSPM 40 through the system core 30 and the ACPI interface 40 to the hard disk 71. . The execution of the sleep state control method by the OSPM 40 in step S106' causes the computer system to enter the S4 sleep mode. The sleep state control method includes a TTS (Transition To State), a PTS (Preset To Sleep), and a GTS (Going To Sleep) control method. The OSPM performs the TTS control method when the system starts to switch from the working mode to the sleep mode, mainly to prepare for the process before entering the sleep mode and the next wake-up. OSPM 40 performs the PTS control method during the transition from the operating mode to the sleep mode, which mainly informs the system which sleep mode to enter in order to perform the corresponding power management actions. The GTS control method allows the ACPI system firmware to perform any necessary system definition functions before entering sleep mode. After performing these control methods, the system enters the S4 sleep mode. In step S108, the user gives an instruction to the computer system to shift from the S4 sleep mode to the S0 mode of operation. In step S110, the BIOS 80 initializes the system basic hardware, including the CPU (Centre Process Unit 'Central Processing Unit), various storage devices (such as memory, hard disk 71, flash memory 72), various chips. Peripherals. In step S112, the BIOS 80 checks if the hardware 70 changes when the system is in the S4 sleep mode. If the system hardware 7 is not changed, the process proceeds to step S1U, and the BIOS 80 restores the memory image file from the flash memory. y In step S116, the OSPM 40 executes a transfer operation mode command to cause the system to shift from the S4 sleep mode to the s〇 work mode. The transfer to work mode command 200937177 includes setting the system to ACPI mode, performing BFS (Back From Sleep) control method, and WAK (Wake) control method. 〇SPM 40 performs the BFS control method in ACPI* mode before the system transitions from S4 sleep mode to working mode. Allows the ACPI system firmware to perform any necessary system definition functions before giving control to 〇s. Thereafter, the SPM 40 executes the WAK control method to wake up the program through the system kernel 30, including the application 20 and the device driver 60'. The device driver 60 drives the corresponding hardware 70, and the computer system is switched from the S4 sleep mode to the s〇 working mode. The operating system is initialized in step S118. In the above step S112, if the BIOS 80 checks that the hardware 70 has changed during the S4 sleep mode, the process proceeds to step sl2, and the BIOS 80 sets the system to leave the sleep mode. Afterwards, the process proceeds to step S122, the system enters the general boot mode, and the BIOS 80 starts the power-on self-test and initializes the memory space and establishes the mapping of the memory space to prevent the BIOS 80 from giving control to the computer system. It is not possible to boot from the sleep mode to the work mode. In step S124, the OSPM 40 restores the memory image from the hard disk 71 or directly loads the operating system from the hard disk 71 to the memory. Thereafter, the flow proceeds to step S116. As shown in FIG. 3, it is a detailed flowchart of step 8124 in FIG. In step S200, the OSPM 40 acquires a memory map.
於步驟S202, OSPM40檢查硬碟71中是否存在與記 隐體映射相應之§己憶體影像槽，即非易失性記憶體影像樓。 如果存在圮憶體影像檔，則流程進入步驟s2〇4,〇spM 11 200937177 40檢查記憶體影像是否正確，例如透過計算記憶體影像之 j 校驗和（checksum)。In step S202, the OSPM 40 checks whether there is a § memory image slot corresponding to the cryptographic mapping in the hard disk 71, that is, a non-volatile memory image building. If there is a memory image file, the flow proceeds to step s2〇4, and 〇spM 11 200937177 40 checks whether the memory image is correct, for example, by calculating the j checksum of the memory image.
" 如果記憶體影像正確，則流程進入步驟S206，OSPM 40複製記憶體影像檔到記憶體。之後，流程進入步驟S116。 於上述步驟S202,若OSPM40檢查硬碟71中沒有記 憶體影像檔，則流程進入步驟S208，OSPM 40從硬碟71 中載入作業系統到記憶體。之後，流程進入步驟S122。 於上述步驟S204,若OSPM 40檢查得到硬碟71中之 ❹記憶體影像不正確，則流程進入步驟S208。之後，流程進 入步驟S116。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係本發明電腦工作狀態轉換方法較佳實施例之應 用環境圖。 圖2係本發明電腦工作狀態轉換方法較佳實施例之總 流程圖。 圖3係圖2中一步驟之細化流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 電源管理器 10 應用程式 20 系統内核 30 OSPM系統 40 ACPI介面 50 設備驅動程式 60 硬體 70 BIOS 80 硬碟 71 快閃記憶體 72 12" If the memory image is correct, the flow advances to step S206, and the OSPM 40 copies the memory image file to the memory. Thereafter, the flow proceeds to step S116. In the above step S202, if the OSPM 40 checks that there is no memory image file in the hard disk 71, the flow advances to step S208, and the OSPM 40 loads the operating system from the hard disk 71 to the memory. Thereafter, the flow proceeds to step S122. In the above step S204, if the OSPM 40 checks that the memory image in the hard disk 71 is not correct, the flow advances to step S208. Thereafter, the flow advances to step S116. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the application environment of a preferred embodiment of the computer operating state conversion method of the present invention. Figure 2 is a general flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the computer operating state transition method of the present invention. Figure 3 is a detailed flow chart of a step in Figure 2. [Key component symbol description] Power Manager 10 Application 20 System Core 30 OSPM System 40 ACPI Interface 50 Device Driver 60 Hardware 70 BIOS 80 Hard Disk 71 Flash Memory 72 12