SU865229A1 - Method of obtaining highly productive forms of winter wheat - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD OF OBTAINING HIGH-PRODUCTIVE FORMS OF WINTER DRILLING

I

The invention relates to a rural household and can be used in the breeding of winter wheat.

A known method of producing transgressive forms of plants, bases on the principle of gene complementation}.

However, this method is ineffective, which limits the possibilities of its use in breeding.

There is also known a method for enhancing the transgressive signs of productivity in wheat, based on the principle of saturation crosses 2.

The disadvantage of this method is their low efficiency and low probability of obtaining highly productive plant forms.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of high-yield winter wheat in hybrid populations.

The goal is achieved by the fact that paired crosses are carried out within semi-dwarf and carrot forms of winter wheat with Dli- /

The NOY stem is not more than 65-70 cm, and in hybrid populations of the second and subsequent generations, positive transgressions are selected according to the height of plants, which are characterized by high productivity of ears. For further breeding, transgressive plants with a stem length of 8085 cm, high grain content, and a grain mass are introduced.

ten

An example of the method. Short-stemmed plants appear as negative 1x transgressions in hybrids created from tall crossings

15 tall and

tall media; Neural, and also in the form of positive transgressions in hybrids of the type stunted x stunted.

Distribution rastesh {th in length

20 stalks in hybrids, depending on the type of crossing, are given in Table.-l. The frequency of occurrence of undersized plants, including phenotypes with a stalk length / 3-B5 cm, is highest and less stunted (over 53%). The results of studies to determine the differences between positive and negative in stem length stem transgressions belonging to fe. iotype to one class are presented in table. 2. The superiority of positive transgresses in the manifestation of signs of inductance leads to higher yields in the resulting short bone-nursing lines. The lines belonging to the positive transgressions in the grain yield from the delta line exceed the lines of the negative transgression group by an average of 22.5-23.4%. The differences in productivity between positive and negative stalks by stem transgressions are manifested in all elements of the crop structure: the length of the ear, the number of spikelets and grains in the ear, the mass of 1000 grains and the productivity of the ear. In the control nursery and competitive variety trials, a number of lines are selected that are isolated from the hybrid combinations Polukarlik 1OKhMB-1, L. 375 X Rusalka, Rusalka xKMB-jj and .dr. The listed combinations are created on the genetic basis of half-Carl 1, 0 54.4 50.8 64.7 49.8 35.6

Table 1

0.0

0.0

7,8

0.0

10.2

17.7 94 forms and dwarf forms with a stem length up to 70 cm, and groups of lines with a stem length of 75-85 cm are subjected to testing. These lines are on the basis of (plant height is phenotypically attributed to positive transgression. Under irrigation conditions potential and real productivity.The yield of short stem lines selected as positive along the length of the stem of the transgression is given in Table 3. From the data of Table 3 it follows that the yield of the selected lines is significantly higher than that of the best parent forms and hundred ndarta is a variety of Bezosta 1. Thus, lines 270, 271 and 272 / Polukarlik 19xKMB-1x form a crop of 75.1-87.5 c / ha or 11.6-23.8 c / ha higher than the best initial variety Polukarlik 19, exceeding the standard variety by 11.5–21.7 centners per hectare, the lines 642 and 648 (mermaid xKMB-1) also significantly exceed the yield standard.Thus, using the proposed method provides an increase in the productivity of winter wheat ear, creating positive according to the productivity of transgressions, which exceed the original forms in yield by 20%. Kombi-Kol-type trans-length of hgres- sorption l, cm in the line p.1 of the BPHVR 52 Negative - 80.6 on BPXPP 51 Negative - 81.4 on HPXHP 50 Positive- 79.9 on, NDS 0.953.7 Note. VCRPP HP Origin. lines I Polukarlik 19x KMB-1 75.3-87.5 L 375 X Rusalka 74.2-85.3 Mermaid hKMB-1 66.4-69.5

Claims (2)

The invention method of producing highly productive forms of winter wheat, including pairing of short stem varieties and forms with subsequent cultivation in fissile generations of hybrid plants, characterized in that, in order to increase the yield of highly productive plants of winter wheat in hybrid populations. table 2 paired skoriovany carried out in the previous: Lahm semi-dwarf and dwarf forms with a stem length of not more than 65-70 cm, in the hybrid populations of the second and subsequent generations select a positive transgression of plant height plants with dpina stems 80-85 cm, with you-Length-length; Amount Weight Weight: Yield, cm, t1000 grains, g / div, pcs, g, 9.6 20.6 50.0 42.02.1 776 , 6 9.7 21.0 52.0 42,32,2 782.4 10.9 23., I 59.2 47.32.9 958.5 0.5 0.8 2.7 1.8 0 , 3 48.7 tall varieties (stem length PO software cm) medium tall varieties (length of stem cm) stunted varieties (length of stem 50-90 cm) Yield, kg / ha --- g of the best parent I standard 63,765.8 64,769.2 56,763.0 grain grains of the Glavnokov pcs. go gotable 865229 the eariness of the spike and 2. Gul ev G.V. and Kyzlasov V.G. Increased transgressive variability. Sources of information, such as signs of ear productivity. taken into account when examining a given direction in hybrids I .. typing A, Genetics. M., Mir s of winter wheat with moats. -Genetics. 967.1976, t. HP, № 9, p. 5 (prototype.).