SU1698797A2 - Device to determine electrical load - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to power consumption control devices. The aim of the invention is to expand the scope by determining the magnitude of the load by which it needs to be changed in the interval from the current time to the end of the control period, provided that the specified power limit is observed. The goal is achieved by introducing a power limit recorder 14, a second subtractive counter 12, a frequency divider 8 with a controlled division factor, a counter 10 of the sampling period remainder, a load increment counter 16, a load increment recorder 17, a subtraction unit 13, the value of the allowable load increment is calculated using the subtracting unit 13 and the number-pulse converter based on the subtractive counter 12, the counter 16 of the increment of the load, the frequency dividers 8 and 15 and the counter 10 of the remainder of the periods of the dis cretizations. The result is displayed by the recorder 17. The input information for the operation of the device comes from the sensors 1 of the electric power consumption through the information receiving unit 2. 1 e.p, f-ly, 3 ill. (Ls

Description

This invention relates to power consumption control devices.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the field of application of the device by determining the magnitude of the load by which it needs to be changed in the interval from the current time point to the end of the control period, provided that the specified power limit is observed.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a device for determining an electrical load; in fig. 2 is a graph illustrating the procedure for determining the average value of the load by the magnitude of the power consumption in the averaging interval; in fig. 3 is a diagram of a control and synchronization unit. The device consists of electric power consumption sensors 1, information receiving unit 2, control and synchronization unit 3, current load counter 4, current load recorder 5, OR element 6, frequency dividers 7 and 8 with controllable division factor, 9 sampling period counter and counter 10 residuals of sampling periods, subtracting counters 11 and 12, subtractive unit 13, register 14, power limit, frequency divider 15 with a constant division factor,

smiling you

00 XI

about

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counter 16 and registrar 17 load increments. Sensors 1 power consumption is connected to the input unit 2 receiving information, the output of which through the element OR 6 and the frequency divider 7 is connected to the counting input of the counter 4 of the current load. The control inputs of the frequency divider 7 are connected to the counter outputs of 9 sampling periods, the outputs of the current load counter 4 are connected to the setup inputs of the current load recorder 5, the subtracting counter 11 and the first information input (subtracted) of the subtracting unit 13, the second information input (decremented) of which is connected with the output of the register 14 power limit, and the output with the installation inputs of the subtracting counter 12, the counting input of which is through the frequency divider 15 and the counting input of the counter 16 through the frequency divider 8 n a fifth output 18 a control unit 3 and synchronization. The outputs of the counter 16 are connected to the installation inputs of the load increment recorder 17, the control input of which the increment sign is connected to the output of the sign bit of the subtracting unit 13. The control inputs of the frequency divider 8 are connected to the outputs of the counter 10 of the sampling period balance, the counter input of which is the reset input of the counter 16 , the control inputs of the record of the deducting counters 11 and 12 and the recorder 5, the counting input of the counter 9 is connected to the first output 19 of the control and synchronization unit, the second output 20 of which is connected to the control the reset input of counter 4 of the current load and subtractive counter 11, as well as with the installation inputs of the counter 9 sampling periods and counter 10 of the remainder of the sampling periods, the third output 21 is connected to the control input of the information receiving unit 2 and the input for selecting the counter mode of the current load counter 4, the fourth output 22 is with the second input of the element OR 6 and the counting input of the subtractive counter 11, the output of which is connected to the first control input 23 of the control and synchronization unit 3, and the output of the subtractive counter 12 is connected to the second control input 24 the control unit 3 and synchronization and control input recorder 17 records the load increments.

The control and synchronization unit 3 (WCD) comprises a generator of 25 time slots, triggers 26 and 27, and elements 28 and 29, the first and second outputs of the time interval generator 25 being the first output 19 and the second output 20 of the control and synchronization unit 3, the output

the trigger 26 is the third output 21 of the control and synchronization unit 3, the fourth and fifth outputs 22 and 18 of which are the outputs of the AND elements 28 and 29, the first inputs of which are connected to the third generator output 25 time intervals, and the second with the outputs of the flip-flops, The C inputs of which are connected to the first input of the generator 25 time intervals, D inputs to the bus of the logical unit, R input of the trigger 26 is the first control input 23, and R input of the trigger 27 the second control input 24 of the control unit 3 and sync.

Consider the work on the example of a device that determines a half-hour load every minute, averaged over the time from the beginning of the half-hour interval, and the average load value that is necessary

change the load in the interval from the current time point to the end of the half-hour interval provided that the specified power limit is observed.

The control and synchronization unit 3 generates sampling pulses with a period of 1 min at the first output 19; the conversion factors of the counter 9 sampling periods and the counter 10 of the remainder of the sampling periods are equal to 30, and the change of the states of the counter 9, which determine the division factors of the frequency divider 7, occurs

in the sequence 1,2,329,30,1,2, ...,

and a change in the states of the counter 10 defining the division factors of the frequency divider 8,

occurs in the sequence 30, 29,

282, 1, 30, 29 Frequency dividers 7 and 8

provide the change of the division factor from 1 to 30, and the frequency divider 15 provides the division factor 30.

The initial state of the main circuit elements at the beginning of the 1st minute of the half-hour control period: the counter 9 records the value t 1, therefore, the division factor of the frequency divider 7 is set to 1; in the counter 10 is set to D t 30; current load counter 4 and subtractive counter 11 are set to zero; the counter 4 of the current load by the signal from the third output 21 of the control and synchronization unit 3 is set to the summation mode; in the current load recorder 5, information about the half-hour load for the previous half hour is recorded and displayed on the display; in the registrar 17, the increments of the load are recorded and displayed on the display information about overload or underload for the previous half hour.

To the input unit 2 receiving information from

Sensors 1 of energy consumption receive information pulses that are converted into a series of counting pulses. The number of counting pulses in a series is determined by the weight of the information pulse of the power consumption sensor 1. In order for the current load in counter 4 to form within a minute, a number equal to the average load value for 1 minute, it is necessary that the series contain 60 times more counting pulses:

Pi

,

NI, h

 2) Nil,

I 1

where Pi is the average load for 1 min;

MI - the number of informational impulses, pulses that came from the i-ro sensor within 1 min;

Ш1о weight of the information pulse of the 1st sensor, kWh;

yun 60ol0 - weight value, reduced to a one-minute interval, kW;

I - the number of sensors

During the first minute, the frequency divider 7 is set to the division factor of 1, therefore the series of counting pulses are passed to the counter 4 through the element OR 6 and the divisor 7 without changes. As a result, at the end of the first minute in the counter 4 of the current load, the value is accumulated, equal to the average value of the load per 1 minute (point a in Fig. 2). At this moment (every minute) output 19 of control unit 3 receives a signal according to which the contents of counter 4 of the current load is recorded in the recorder Biv, the subtractive counter 11, the contents of counter 9 of the sampling pulses are increased by 1 (), the contents of counter 10 are reduced by 1 (A t 29), the load increment counter 16 is set to zero, and the difference value is entered into the subtractive counter 12.

DR11 Rl

where Rl is the power limit value stored in register 14, the value of D Pi is determined by the subtracting unit 13. At the same time, the output 21 of block 3 of the current load counter 4 is transferred to the subtraction mode, and the information receiving block 2 stops issuing counting pulses. At the same time, from the output 22 of the control unit 3, the pulses come to read the contents of the subtractive counter 11, and the frequency decreases the counter 4 through the element OR 6 and the frequency divider 7. Since the subtractive counter 11 is recorded

the value of Pi, and the division factor of the frequency divider 7 is 2, then the value Pi / 2 is subtracted from the counter 4 of the current load, which corresponds to point b in FIG. 2. At the moment that the contents of the counter 11 are zero, the control return signal 3 is fed to the control block 3 mode of receiving information. At the same time, from the output 18 of the control unit 3, pulses arrive, which, through the frequency divider 15, read the contents of the subtracting counter 12, and through the divider 8, the frequencies accumulate in the counter 16 of the load increment. By the time of zeroing the subtracting counter 12 from the output 18 of the control unit 3, 30

(RL - Pi) pulses. Some of them, determined by the division factor At - 29 frequency divider 8, are counted by counter 16, where the value

25

Р1 (Рл-Р1) -30/29

(one)

This value is the load increment. Depending on the sign of the result of the subtraction (RL - Pi), it shows how much

increase the load (if Рl Pi 0) or as far as it is necessary to reduce the load (if Рl Pt 0) in the remaining 29 min of the control period, provided that the specified power limit is observed.

In general, A Pt Pg.t - Pt. where A Pt is the increment of the load on the remaining At 30 -1 minutes; Pt - average half hour load, determined in t minutes; Pg.t. - allowable load value in the remaining

(30 -1) minutes subject to the specified power limit

Pg.t .- (Pn -30-Pt -t) / (30-t).

45 Then

50

AR -PD -30-Rl m APtgu -Pt

- P -p)

When: 1 we obtain the expression (1). At the moment when the contents of the detracting counter 12 are equal to zero, a signal is sent from its output to record the sign and value of the load increment to the recorder 17 and to the input 24 of the control unit 3. As a result, the supply of pulses p of the output 18 of the control unit 3 is stopped. The circuit is set to the state

similar to the initial mode of operation of all blocks, but different from it by the contents of the counter 9 sampling pulses (t 2), the residual counter 10 (At fc 29), the counter 4 of the current load (Pi / 2), the registrar 5 (Pi) and the registrar 17 ( Api). For the time while the contents of the subtracting counter 11 are read, the information receiving unit 2 receives and stores information pulses from the power consumption sensors 1, and after the control signal from the output 21 of the control unit 3 ends, the information receiving unit 2 converts them into a series of counting pulses. For this purpose, it must contain a buffer register for storing information pulses received from sensors 1 of the power consumption. Since the frequency of arrival of information pulses from the sensors 1 of the electric power consumption is incommensurably lower than the frequency of the reading pulses from the output 22 of the control unit 3, the losses of the information pulses from the sensors are excluded.

During the second minute, the counter of the current load will receive half as many counting pulses as generated in the information receiving unit 2, as they pass through a frequency divider with a division factor t 2. At the end of the second minute, the recorder 5 and the subtracting counter 11 are recorded the contents of counter 4 of the current load, equal to the average load for two minutes (point C on the graph)

p2 (pi - y) + | i; N, 2 -wi0x

N | 2

Pi,

-y + 2,

f-

I 1

where P2 is the average load value in two minutes;

N (2 - the number of information pulses that came from the 1st sensor during the second minute;

U | 2 30 WIQ reduced to a two-minute interval value of the weighting factor.

The content of the sampling pulse counter 9 is increased by 1, the division factor of the frequency divider 7 is set to t 3, the current load counter 4 is transferred to the subtraction mode. The pulses from the output 22 of the control unit 3 read the contents of the subtractive counter 11 and decrease the contents of the counter 4 of the current load by the value p2 / 3 (point d in Fig. 2).

At the same time, the same signal from output 19 of control unit 3 of the counter of counter 10 decreases by 1 (At 28), the load increment counter 16 is reset to zero; and the difference value is written to the subtracting counter 12.

ten

DR21 RL-P2,

which is determined by the subtracting unit 13.

From the output 18 of the control unit 3, pulses begin to flow, which, through the frequency divider 15, read the contents of the subtracting counter 12, and through the frequency divider 8, the frequencies are counted by the load increment counter 16. At the time of zeroing

subtractive counter 12 in the counter 16 increment load is formed by the value

DP2 (P-PP2) -30/28.

Depending on the sign, this value shows how much you can increase or how much it is necessary to reduce the load in the remaining 28 min of the control period provided that the specified limit is observed.

power.

The zeroing signal from the output of the detracting counter 12 records the result in the load increment recorder 17 and stops the output of the pulses from the output 18

control unit 3.

During the third minute, the current load counter 4 accumulates a value that by the end of the third minute will be equal to the average load value in three minutes.

Рз Р2 - Р2 / 3 + 1/3 2 N) 3 60

I 1

In the counter 16, the increment of the load on the signal of the third minute impulse will form the value

Rz (Rl-Rz) -30/27.

Similarly, conversions are performed in the following minutes, up to and including the 30th. At the end of the 3 rd minute, a value is generated in the meter 4 of the current load.

RZO P29 - P29 / 30 +

1/302 M | ZOOS | 0 i 1

60

equal to the value of the average half-hour load (point f in Fig. 2) for the past half hour. As before, the control pulse from output 19 of control unit 3 writes this value to the recorder 5 and subtractive counter 11, and the pulse at the end of the 30th minute from output 20 of control unit 3 sets the counter 9 of sampling pulses to 1, the residual counter 10 sampling pulses in the At 30 state.

At the end of the 30th minute, the signal from the output 20 of the control unit 3 resets the counters 4 and 11 to zero, therefore the input 23 of the control unit 3 from the output of the downlink counter 11 receives a signal that returns the circuit to the information receiving mode.

Since the frequency divider 8 at the end of the 30th minute has a division factor At 30, in the counter 16 of the load increment the value

And Rzo Rl - Rzo,

indicating the amount of overload or underload for the past half hour.

Thus, the device is prepared to determine the current load and its allowable increment during the first minute of the next half-hour interval.

The operation of the control and synchronization unit 3 will be considered from the beginning of the next cycle, when the control outputs 23 and 24 are given zeroing signals of the subtracting counters 11 and 12. These signals set the triggers 26 and 27 to the state O, which does not allow the passage of counting pulses from the output a generator 25 of time slots to the outputs 18 and 22, but is enabling for the information receiving unit (the information receiving unit is in the transform mode). With the arrival of a minute pulse from the generator, the trigger 26 is transferred to state 1, in which the information receiving unit 2 stops issuing pulses to the OR 6 element, and the AND 28 element allows the passage of counting pulses from the output 22 of the control unit to the OR 6 element and to the subtracting counter 11 When the counter 11 is set to the zero state, a signal is given to the control input 23, the trigger 26 is set to O, and the process is repeated. In the zero state of the subtracting counter 11 and in the case of zero power consumption from the output of the counter 11, a signal is removed that supports the trigger 26 to the state O even with the arrival of pulses at the input C, i.e.

A conversion mode is provided by the information receiving unit.

With the arrival of a minute pulse, it is thrown to state 1 and trigger 27,

which opens element 29 for the passage of counting pulses from output 18 through divider 15 to subtractive counter 12. At the moment of counter zero resetting, control signal 24 is given a signal that triggers trigger 27 to O, and the process repeats.

The proposed device allows to determine the average load over time from the start to the current monitoring time.

5 periods and the amount of load that must be reset (or added) in the interval from the current time point to the end of the control period in order to (or subject to) respect the specified power limit. Such an opportunity allows one to organize active control over the power consumption of an enterprise, especially necessary during periods of maximum power system, to reduce the power required and to reduce losses in the form of fines associated with exceeding the power limit.

Claims (2)

1. A device for determining the electrical load by auth.St. Ms 1368788, characterized in that, in order to expand the field of application of the device by determining the magnitude of the load on which it needs to be changed in the interval 5 from the current time point to the end of the control period provided that the specified power limit is observed, the power limit register is entered into the device, the second subtractive counter, the frequency divider with 0 constant dividing rate, frequency divider with controllable division ratio, residual count of sample periods, load increment counter, load increment recorder and 5 subtracting unit, the first information input of which is connected to the output of the current load meter, and the second - to the output of the power limit register, and the information outputs of the subtractive unit are connected 0 with the installation inputs of the second subtractive counter, the output of which is connected to the second control input of the control and synchronization unit and to the control input of the recorder of the increment recorder on load 5, the sign input of which is connected to the output of the sign bit of the subtraction unit load increments, the counting input of which is connected to the output of a frequency divider with a controlled division factor, the control inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the counter of the sampling period remainder, the even input of the second subtractive counter is connected via a frequency divider with a constant division factor to the fifth output of the control and synchronization unit and to the input of a frequency divider with a controlled division factor, with the control input of the second subtractive counter, the reset input of the incrementing counter and the counter input of the counter the remainder of the sampling periods are connected to the first output of the control and synchronization unit, and the installation input of the counter of the remainder of the sampling periods to the second output of the control unit And sync. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the control and synchronization unit comprises a time interval generator, two triggers and two AND elements, the first and second outputs of the time interval generator being the first and the second outputs of the control and synchronization unit, the outputs of the flip-flops are connected to the first inputs of the And elements, the second inputs of which are connected to the third output of the time generator intervals, the output of the first trigger is the third, and the outputs of the I elements are the fourth and fifth outputs of the control and synchronization unit, the counting inputs of the triggers are connected to the first output of the time interval generator, the D inputs are connected to the logic unit bus, and the reset inputs are The control inputs of the control and timing unit. .ft A. / 29 l