SK130895A3 - Sash with a panel, especially window sash or door leaf, and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

A glazed sash (3) can be manufactured very economically in a lightweight design by gluing the pane (5) to the capping pieces (4) that form the sash. The pane can be a thick pane of glass or an insulating glass. The adhesive layer (6) is designed so that when such a sash is recycled the separation at this point can be done with a milling cutter or oscillating cutter. The adhesive layer (6) is situated on the outer side (7) of the pane (5). On the inner side (14) of the pane (5) there is a clipped-in glass-support ledge (11). The gap there is bridged and sealed using rubber packing applied by extrusion.

Description

A leaf equipped with a filling, in particular a window or door leaf, and a method for producing it

Technical field

The invention relates to a leaf, in particular a window or door leaf, of which at least one panel, for example a pane, is located in a frame made of beams. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing a sash, in particular a window or door sash, wherein at least one panel, for example a pane, is placed in a frame made of a beam, preferably of plastic.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the manufacture of window and door wings, especially if they are standard sizes or custom-made wings in large series, low production costs must be taken into account. However, production costs should be at least for individual production. Therefore, only minor savings in production costs play an important role in all these cases.

Window and door leaf frames with different geometries are made of several beams, the simple shape is composed of four beams, which are placed at right angles to each other. The beams of wooden frames, plastic frames or metal frames are connected to each other, for example by means of dowels, screwing, gluing, welding and the like. The frames thus prepared are then inserted with at least one filler, for example a board, which is joined to the sash by sealing. Subsequently, the sash frame is sealed against the filler, for which various sealing materials are available today. The panel is elastically held in the sash frame, which is made of beams, by the retaining strips or by the glass retaining strips, which simultaneously press the filler against the outer seal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to further improve the sash, in particular a window or door sash of the kind mentioned, and a method for producing the sash so as to reduce production costs and at the same time reduce weight, improve insulating properties and improve joint tightness.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This problem is solved and deficiencies of known wings, in particular window or door wings of this kind, are solved and deficiencies of known wings are remedied to a large extent by the wing according to the invention, which consists in that individual beams are connected with adhesive.

Preferably, the adhesive layer is a few millimeters thick and only the outside of the filler is associated with the respective inner side of the beam.

In use, the outer side of the filler is preferably glued to the inner side of the beam, which is preferably parallel to the outer side of the filler, and the glued inner side of the beam is preferably roughened, provided with grooves, serrations or similar anchoring elements.

It is further advantageous if the inner side of the beam, which is glued to the filler, is formed on a profile arm which is fixedly connected to the beam and runs parallel to the retaining bar snapped into the beam, the inner side of the beam and the inner side of the retaining bar form lateral sides U the grooves for accommodating the respective edge of the filler and the gap between the inner side of the filler and the inner side of the retaining strip is at least partially filled with a seal.

Said profiled arm is preferably secured at its free end by a projection which projects over the inner side of the beam.

The seal is then preferably formed by at least one rubber seal pressed on the inside of the retaining bar during extrusion.

Said filler is preferably formed by at least one insulating glass pane and the beams are formed by profiles, for example of metal or plastic.

Advantageously, a reinforcing profile bar is disposed in the beam profile chamber and the beams are cut to a bevel and the adjacent bevel surfaces are glued or welded to each other.

It is further preferred that the adhesive surfaces at the edge of the filler are pre-treated by silanization and the adhesive surfaces of the plastic beam are pre-treated with a corona discharge.

In addition, it is advantageous if drainage or possibly venting channels are formed in the outer walls of the beam profile and drip projections are formed on the lower inner wall of the beam profile.

The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a sash, in particular a window or door sash, of which at least one panel, for example a pane, is located in a frame made of beams, preferably of plastic. The glued beams are precisely, for example, angled on the clamping table, the beams are secured over the entire circumference with a bead of adhesive material, and then a filler is inserted into the sash frame and the sash frame remains fixed on the clamping table until the adhesive material cures.

On the side of the filler facing away from the adhesive material, a retaining strip secured at least once, preferably during extrusion, by a pressed-on sealing strip, under which the adhesive material is allowed to cure, is fastened to the entire periphery of the sash frame.

If the filler, for example a panel, is adhered to the beams or vice versa by the method according to the invention, on the one hand, an improved, statically bearing connection between the sash and the filler is achieved and on the other hand no additional sealing is achieved. the adhesive layer takes on this task. If it is based on a sufficiently dimensioned panel or possibly a pane, the panel also assumes the supporting function of the sash at the finished sash. Thanks to this solution, the construction of the wings can do with lighter frames and save the material costs and save the weight of the wings. On the whole, the need to attach the panel to the frame can be dispensed with, saving not only labor but also material costs.

The recently modified adhesives, which are adapted to certain requirements, provide a strong and highly load-bearing connection between the filler or the panel and the beam, which is weather-resistant when the materials are suitably selected. The forces acting on the sash frame in use, including self-weight, may be due to the rigid bonding of the sash frame with a layer of adhesive to, for example, a pane, which, for static reasons, allows the aforementioned slimming of the profile structure to be achieved.

Since the adhesive layer not only provides the connection between the beam and the filling or the pane, but also takes on the role of sealing in this area, otherwise the usual sealing of rubber profiles may be omitted; which is necessary, for example, in existing plastic or metal systems.

As already mentioned, the adhesive layer may have a thickness of several millimeters. This thickness may be of the order of 1 to 6 mm. The gluing thus performed has the advantage that, when recycling such a glazed wing, for example, the adhesive layer can be disrupted by means of a suitably shaped disc cutter or vibrating knife, so that the sheet can be separated from the beam or the frame composed of these beams.

In a further development of the invention, only the outside of the filler is connected to the respective inner side of the beam by means of an adhesive layer. On the opposite side, i.e. on the opposite flat side of the filler, the necessary sealing can be provided in a known manner, for example by means of a sealant or the like. It is particularly preferred that, in use, the outer side of the filler is bonded to the inner side of the beam, which is preferably parallel to the outer side of the filler, since the side of the beam provided with the overhang is usually the outer side. The side of the filler facing the overlap therefore carries the adhesive layer, since the force transmission must, for static reasons, take place on this side and not on the side of the retaining bar, which is usually only snapped.

In order to ensure a good connection between the filler, for example a sheet, and the beams, in another variant of the invention the glued inner side of the beam is roughened, secured with grooves, serrations or similar anchoring elements. This solution results in an enlargement of the surface and thus a higher bond strength. In addition, a thick adhesive layer can be better anchored in the grooves, especially if the adhesive layer is applied in the longitudinal direction of the beam.

One particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the beams are preferably perpendicular to the panel surface, whereby an adhesive is applied in advance to the edge of the panel and / or the opposite surface of the beam. For this reason, the U-groove of the sash frame in which the edge of the pane is placed must initially be opened on the opposite side. Once the sheet is connected to the beams, the glass holding strip can be attached to the beam, preferably by snapping or the like using preformed fastening means. Finally, in the area of glass retaining strips, a seal is also required towards the interior.

If, at its free end, the profile arm is provided with a projection extending over the inner side of the beam, it is thus ensured that this projection limits the exit of the adhesive material on the visible side of the sash so that only a narrow dark groove or narrow shadow remains.

On the side of the edge of the filler opposite to the adhesive layer, the seal is preferably formed by at least one rubber seal pressed on the inside of the retaining bar during extrusion.

Suitable fillers are, in particular, glass panes with sufficient dimensions. It is advantageous if the filler is formed by at least one insulating glass sheet according to the regulation Thermal conditions in buildings.

In addition, in a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the beams be formed by profiles, for example metal or plastic profiles, which is particularly advantageous when recycling these profiles when using an adhesive layer which can be milled as described above.

If lightweight profiles, which have a lower load-bearing capacity compared to thicker profiles, are used as described above, it is advantageous if a metal reinforcing profile bar is mounted in the beam profile chamber. This is particularly advantageous if a fitting is to be mounted on the glazing. The fitting of this fitting can then be carried out, for example, through the profile wall on this metal reinforcing profile bar.

In the automatic production of this kind of wings, it is advantageous if the beams are cut to a bevel and the adjacent bevel surfaces are glued or welded to each other. At least one of the bevelled surfaces must always be coated with adhesive before being placed on the sheet. However, it is preferable first of all to make the frame, for example of plastic, after applying a bead of adhesive to the frame, for example, to insert an insulating glass sheet and then to allow the retaining strips to snap into the frame under which the adhesive material cures.

If the adhesive layer is to withstand high loads and at the same time partially satisfy the requirements for tightness, durability and the like, it is desirable to prepare the surfaces of the beams and sheets which come into direct contact with the adhesive material. Both the physical and the chemical methods of surface treatment are known with glued joints. Of course, the material must always be respected, ie the surface treatment is chosen according to the material. The adhesive surfaces at the edge of the filler are pre-treated by silanization and the adhesive surfaces of the plastic beams are pre-treated by a corona discharge. The terms silanizing and corona discharge are common to the gluing expert, so they do not need any particular explanation. During silanization, the chemical bond of the adhesive to the glass, i.e. the so-called covalent bond, is formed. Corona discharge treatment results in chemical and physical bonding to the polyvinyl chloride wing material. The bond with the polyvinyl chloride material of the wing is then ensured by cohesive and adhesive forces. The glued joint may be formed by approximately 50% adhesion forces and 50% cohesive forces, prior to a corona discharge treatment.

By using the gluing technology, better sound insulation values are achieved in the wing profiles.

In principle, an adhesive has been developed which satisfies the following special requirements, i.e., for an application, an adhesive must be found which, as far as possible, meets all these requirements. The adhesive must be fully recyclable. The curing time of this adhesive must be controllable in order to ensure the exact curing time required for the production of the glazed wings in a given cycle. Of course, the adhesive must be sufficiently static and dynamic to load, especially if the pane carries a frame in some sense. It should not be overlooked that, depending on the circumstances, high leaf weights may occur. The high load-bearing capacity of the bonded joint is also important with regard to burglary protection. Since the glued joints are exposed to the effects of weather, the adhesive must also be resistant to these influences, both against rain and salt water and glass cleaners, as well as against ultraviolet radiation, high temperatures and frost. For the same reasons, the tightness of the adhesive for moisture is required. Finally, the adhesive must adhere firmly to the various materials, i.e. glass on one side and aluminum or polyvinyl chloride plastic on the other. The adhesive must be resistant to the diffusion of gases such as air, SFg and also argon. Finally, the adhesive must also be compatible with the bonding material at the edges of the double glazing sheets, which is Thiokol, Silicone and 2K-PUR adhesive.

If drainage or venting ducts are formed in the outer walls of the beam profile and dripping protrusions are formed on the lower inner wall of the beam profile, it is thus ensured that any condensation water which may be formed and dripping cannot be driven backward by the wind pressure, i.e. side wings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a vertical section through a glazed wing located in a fixed frame, in the region of the lower cross member of the frame, and

FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail of the circle II in FIG. First

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the stationary fixed frame 1 SO ', the lower crossbeam 2' is provided with a sash 2 (which is glazed). The sash 2 is mounted rotatably in the fixed frame 1, for example about a vertical axis. The sash 3 consists essentially of a sheet 5 and four beams 4, which form a sash frame 3 enclosing the sheet 5 and of which FIG. 1 shows only the bottom section. In the illustrated embodiment, the sheet 5 consists of an insulating glass sheet composed of two glasses of the same thickness, but may also consist of glasses of different thicknesses or may consist of a single glass.

In accordance with the invention, the sheet 5 is joined to the beams 4 in which it is framed by an adhesive layer 6. It can be seen from the drawings that this may be a relatively thick adhesive layer 6, the thickness of which is preferably of the order of 1 to 6 mm. The adhesive layer 6 is preferably located on the outside 7 of the sheet 5, which means the outside of the sheet 5 after installation. The adhesive layer 6 is located between this outer side 7 and the opposite, spaced, inner side 8 of the beam 4, which is preferably parallel to said outer side 7. In order to ensure better anchoring of the adhesive layer 6 on the inner side 8 of the beam 4, this inner page 8 provided with grooves or grooves 9, which extend, for example, perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.

The inner side 8 of the beam 4 is formed on the profile arm 10 of the beam 4, which is designed as a profile beam. As with the rigid frame 1, it is preferably a plastic profile. At its upper end, the profile arm 10 is secured by a protrusion 29, which protrudes over the inner side 8 of the beam 4 and extends towards the outside 7 of the sheet 5. After gluing together the profile arms 10 with the sheet 5 it preferably remains between the outer end of the protrusion 29 and the outside 7 of the sheet 5, a slight gap which, when viewed from the finished leaf 3, appears as a small dark groove or a narrow shadow.

In parallel to the profile arm 10, the retaining strip 11 for the sheet 5 is latched on the beam 4. The inner side 12 of this retaining strip 11 together with the inner side 8 of the beam 4 thus forms parallel sides of the U-groove 13 for receiving the sheet 5. U-groove 13 fastened by its edges. The interspace between the inner side 14 of the sheet 5 and the inner side 12 of the retaining bar 11 is filled with two rubber gaskets 15 placed one above the other, which have been pressed onto the retaining bar 11 during extrusion.

The assembly of the sash 2 ^is carried out as follows: In the case of a sash 2 made of plastic, the individual beams 4 are welded or glued together. The sash frame 2, which is thus assembled from the beams 4, is then aligned exactly to the required angles on the clamping table. . A bead of glue of a predetermined width and thickness is then applied to the inner sides 8 of the beams. Then, a panel 5, for example a double insulating panel, fits into the wing frame 3. The retaining strips 11 are then pushed into the beams 4 by pressing on the sealing strips 15, the dimensions being chosen such that the holding strips 15 exert a certain pressure on the sheet 5 and hence on the adhesive layer 6 by means of their pressed sealing strips 15. . It is advantageous to achieve that the adhesive layer 6 substantially fills the entire space between the outside of the sheet 5 and the inside of the beam 4, but at the same time does not protrude from the gap between the projection 29 on the profile arm 10 and the outside 7 of the sheet. During curing of the adhesive layer 6, the sash frame 2, which is fixed as described above, is maintained in a precise position, thereby minimizing position deviations and / or tolerance, and by positioning the sash 2 and the sheet 5 statically by positioning.

It is further evident from the drawing that the sash frame 3 consists of relatively slender profiles. In one chamber 18 of the beam 4 there is a reinforcing profile strip 19 of metal, preferably of hot-dip galvanized steel, the cross section of which is adapted to the cross-section of chamber 18. A fitting can be screwed to this reinforcing profile strip 19. In this way, the gripping strength of this fitting on the beams 4 or the sash 2 is greatly increased. The beams 4 are preferably cut and connected to each other so that the stiffening profile bars 19 can also be directly connected to one another.

The adhesive surfaces for the adhesive layer 6 are pretreated as described above, i.e., silanized or corona treated.

In the fixed frame 1 and in the wing frame 2, drainage or venting channels 20 are provided, which are shown in FIG. 1 as a pair of commas. This is a measure which is already known at least from the principle and therefore does not need to be described further. In addition to the channels 20 mentioned above, the inclined base 30 of the U-groove 13 for the table 5 serves to drain water. Between the adjacent drainage or vent channels 20 of the sash 3 and the fixed frame 1, a downwardly dripping projection 28 is formed. This is to prevent the dripping condensation water from driving towards the inside of the wing 3, i.e. towards the rear of the wing 3, when the wind pressure is externally on the wing 3 and the fixed frame 2.

The sealing of the sash 2 against the fixed frame 1 is in the illustrated embodiment secured by two circumferentially extending circumferential sealing strips 21, 22. The first circumferential sealing strip 21 is located in the inner protrusion 23 of the sash 3. wherein the second peripheral sealing strip 22 is disposed in the outer overlap 24 of the frame 1. From FIG. 1, the respective bearing surfaces for these circumferential sealing strips 21, 22 are also apparent. 1, the rigid frame 1 is further provided with a reinforcing profile 27.

The complete gluing of the sheet 5 acts as a perfect winding, which must be secured with the support struts or inserts in the region of the lower hinge and in diagonally opposite corners with the previously known wings. The solution according to the invention is also advantageous from the viewpoint of burglary protection, i.e. prying the sash profile. A further advantage lies in the joint permeability value (A-value).

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Claims (10)

PATENT REQUIREMENTS WHERE ON ALL CONNECTED TIGHTLY WITH A sash, in particular a window or door sash, of which at least one panel, for example a pane, is located in a frame formed of beams formed as profiles, the beam is a profile arm by a beam which runs parallel to the retaining bar snapped into the beam and the inside of the profile arm together with the inner side of the retaining strip is formed by the lateral sides of the U-groove for receiving the filler, between which and the profile arm is an adhesive layer, characterized in that the adhesive layer (6) forming the sealing layer is formed as a compressed caterpillar positioned between the profile arm (10) and the filling formed by the insulating glass sheet (5), the retaining strip (11) being provided on its inner side (12) with a pressed-on rubber seal (15) abutting against the insulating glass sheet (5). A leaf according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive layer (6) is 1 to 6 millimeters thick. A leaf according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the glued inner side (8) of the beam (4) is roughened, provided with grooves (9), serrations or similar anchoring elements. Wing according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile arm (10) is provided at its free end with a projection (29) which projects beyond the inner side (8) of the beam (4). - 14 Wing according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beams (4) are made of metal or plastic profiles. A leaf according to claim 5, characterized in that a metal reinforcing molding (19) is arranged in the profile chamber (18) of the beam (4). Wing according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beams (4) are cut to a bevel and the adjacent bevel surfaces are glued or welded to one another. Wing according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive surfaces at the edge of the sheet (5) are pre-treated by silanization. Wing according to at least one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the adhesive surfaces of the plastic profile beam (4) are pre-treated with a corona discharge. Wing according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that drainage or venting channels (20) are formed in the outer walls of the beam profile (4) and drip projections (28) are formed on the lower inner wall of the beam profile (4). . A method of manufacturing a sash, in particular a window or door sash, of which at least one panel, for example a pane, is located in a frame made of beams, preferably - 15 made of plastic, characterized in that the sash frame (3) formed by self-welded or glued beams (4) is precisely, for example, angled on the clamping table, the beams (4) are equipped with a bead of adhesive material along the entire circumference, a filler (5) is fitted in the sash (3) and a retaining strip (11) equipped with at least one, preferably an extruded sealing strip (15), is fastened to the periphery of the sash (3) on the side of the filler (5) facing away from the adhesive. ), under which pressure the adhesive material is allowed to cure, while the sash (3) remains fixed on the clamping table until the adhesive material cures.