RU95113U1 - AUTOMATED COMPLEX OF THE CENTRALIZED INFORMATION-MEASURING SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING AND MONITORING CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY CARRIERS WITH FUNCTIONS OF MONITORING PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL SITUATIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

 An automated complex of a centralized information-measuring system of accounting and control of energy consumption with the functions of monitoring the working capacity and analysis of critical situations, including four levels of formation of information flows, namely, introductory accounting and control nodes that measure the consumption of energy and its flow restrictions associated with the subscriber controller, subscriber controllers include a remote subscriber access unit and are connected to the home controller, while the home controllers the controllers, in turn, are connected with the settlement and information center, characterized in that the introductory accounting and control nodes include self-control units and data analysis and control units, the subscriber controller and the home controller include self-control units and processing data analysis units.

Description

A known method of centralized remote control of the process of dispensing energy with the possibility of regulating the intensity of their consumption (patent No. 2333313 RU, 11.21.2005), which consists in the fact that consumers of energy are connected to distribution networks of energy supply through metering points, each of which consists of metering meters energy consumption with a pulse output or digital electrical interface, a subscriber monitoring device (ABU) and controlled feed regulators energy. Accounting points are controlled from the center using commands transmitted over the control channel. ABU calculates the balance between the consumed and paid amount of energy carriers, depending on this, selects the acceptable level of consumption intensity and monitors it, not allowing it to consume energy carriers with an intensity above the acceptable level.

Each subscriber monitoring device consists of at least a control command receiver, a microcontroller, a power supply and an indication unit, has its own identification number, provides data storage in non-volatile memory, keeps event and energy consumption archive files for past periods, has a main and backup power supply system.

The method also differs in that it is applied in conditions of power supply to territories with a high concentration of subscribers, while the control command receiver is common to all subscriber control devices included in its subordinate group, connected to subscriber control devices of the subordinate group with a wired local electric control channel, receives all control commands transmitted from the center for subscriber devices that are part of a subordinate group, and then broadcasts commands to Nala local control devices controlling respective subscriber group, each subscriber group monitoring device incorporates a receiver instead of control commands of the local control interface connected with the local control channel multicast receiver control commands.

A device for monitoring housing and communal information (patent No. 2141626 RU, 07/14/1997) containing home controllers with storage devices containing addresses of houses, modems, a central control room electronic computer with a timer for remembering events in time and a printer to provide legal reporting clerical work and printing invoice receipts payable by tenants, personal computers with sound and light alarms, located in the security guards, elevator operation parameters sensors with help desks, cable, postal, telephone and / or radio communication channels, characterized in that it additionally includes standardized electrical signal sensors for temperature, pressure and volumetric gas flow installed in apartment buildings, electrical signal sensors for temperature and volumetric flow waters located at characteristic points of apartment heating systems, drinking and hot water systems, microcontrollers made with the possibility of storing apartment numbers and determining the mass distribution gas outflow and drinking water consumption, energy content of hot water and heat, taking into account the temperature error and remembering these values during the absence of mains power supply, equipped with autonomous power sources, electronic converter units with network power sources, security assistance call panels, and also contains apartment meter blocks actually consumed gas by its mass, heat and electric energy, drinking water and energy content of hot water, made in the form of electric mechanical counters of electrical impulses corresponding to predetermined “single” sizes of consumed energy with the possibility of their placement outside the apartments, while sensors and security assistance call panels are connected via electronic converters to microcontrollers that are connected to apartment meter blocks and house controllers connected via modems and communication channels with the electronic computer of the central control room and the PC of the duty units of the fire department, police, ambulance, and gas cooking service, housing and communal services or elevator services located near the house, whose residents need help.

A well-known integrated system of individual metering and regulation of energy consumption in housing and communal services (RU patent No. 52504, August 30, 2005), including temperature, gas, electricity and water sensors installed in apartment buildings located at characteristic points of apartment heating systems, systems cold and hot water, local concentrators, made with the possibility of storing apartment numbers and collecting data on the mass flow of gas, electricity and water, the energy content of hot water and those taking into account the temperature error and storing these values for the period when the mains power supply is absent, equipped with autonomous power supplies, electronic converter units with network power supplies, as well as home hubs with storage devices containing home addresses, modems, a central control room electronic computer with a timer for storing events in time and with a printer to ensure printing of certificates of actually consumed energy resources itself, and also contains apartment meters of actually consumed energy.

In this case, the sensors are connected to local concentrators, which are connected to meters and to house concentrators, connected via modems and communication channels to computers of the central control center of the housing and communal services.

The system is characterized in that the apartment equipment additionally contains wired or wireless apartment monitors for displaying information, and intelligent temperature conversion sensors and intelligent sensors for converting the amount of hot and cold water, or standard water meters with a pulse output, are used as temperature and water quantity sensors with interface modules designed respectively for calculating individual heat and water consumption and metering hot and cold water supply, and smart sensors for converting temperature and quantities of hot and cold water are directly connected to local concentrators, and gas, electricity and water meters are connected to them using interface modules that convert pulse signals to digital, and the system also includes individual thermostatic valves to maintain optimal thermal conditions in a separate apartment and a home heat meter installed in an individual a heat point for energy metering, while local concentrators serve as devices for collecting information from smart sensors, are connected via apartment buses with sensors and interface modules to meters and connected via a bus or radio channel to apartment monitors and through a house bus with a house hub, which also It is a device for collecting information from local concentrators and from a home heat meter and is connected to a central control room via wireless one or a wired communication channel, while the computer of the central control room performs the functions of dispatching the number of services consumed in each apartment and monitoring faults and a computing device for transmitting the necessary information.

A well-known automated system for metering energy consumption in housing and communal services (ASUER in housing and communal services) (RU patent No. 51212, June 21, 2004), including primary converters of gas, electricity, water and heat consumption, equipped with information display devices in the form of a liquid crystal indicator, microprocessor counter-calculator that displays information using a liquid crystal indicator, characterized in that the primary converters installed at the points of information selection, the signals from which they get stuck on a specialized counter-calculator, where data are collected and processed to account for energy consumption by metering groups, counter-calculators are networked using a bus interface and information is transmitted via a data collection, transmission and storage device over the air using radio modems to ЦОИ ЖЭУ, where astronomical time instruments and workstations based on IBM PC are installed at each workstation, connected to a local computer network, and using existing software that performs operations on processing, control, accounting, analysis, documentation and archiving of information in the context of energy types, houses, streets, quarters, time of consumption.

Known automatic information-measuring system (patent No. 83829 RU, 31.12.2008), which is a multifunctional, three-level hierarchical structure consisting of measuring, connecting and computing components that form the measuring channels, the first level consists of primary measuring components that measure parameters of the coolant, electricity, continuously or discretely, with the required time interval, at the second level of the system, measuring transducers are used, designed to receive measurement information from primary measurement components, followed by data transmission via radio channels, industrial and Ethernet communication lines, their archiving and transmission on request to a server and automated workstations of operators, the third level of the system is a server and / or workstation an operator with the function of a computer-based archive database server with specialized software.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of detecting emergencies and reduce the time spent on localizing the accident.

The proposed automatic complex of a centralized information-measuring system includes four levels of formation of information flows.

Elements of the first level are:

- primary converters;

- devices for limiting the supply of energy;

- sensors for monitoring energy parameters;

- fire and burglar alarm sensors.

Elements of the first level are connected by information channels to the subscriber controller, which forms the second level and includes the following blocks:

- energy metering unit,

- primary control unit for energy parameters

- power supply control unit,

- block providing information exchange and remote access;

Subscriber controllers are connected by information channels to the home controller, which forms the third and includes the following blocks:

- a block of common house-based metering of energy consumption,

- block integrated control of energy parameters,

- a unit for the general analysis of the processed data,

- control unit for the supply and distribution of energy carriers,

- a unit for providing interface information exchange;

The fourth level is the settlement and information center. House controllers and a settlement and information center are connected by information channels and form a centralized information network.

The goal is achieved due to the fact that first-level metering devices include self-monitoring, data analysis and control units that pre-process data on the consumption of a specific energy source. The second and third levels include self-control blocks, as well as blocks of analysis of the processed data. These blocks monitor the performance and analysis of critical situations. In the event that significant deviations of the sensor readings from the standard values are detected, the unit fixes the time, the value of the deviations and transmits a signal about the critical situation, as well as the sensor address to the higher level. When a critical situation is detected based on the data of the counters, the unit transmits to the upper level a signal about the occurrence of a critical situation and the address of the counter. As a result, the high functionality of a centralized information-measuring system is achieved, and the dependence on accidents of the settlement-information center is reduced.

Utility Model Implementation

The automatic complex of a centralized information-measuring system includes four levels of formation of information flows.

The first level is an introductory accounting and control node, through which energy is supplied to the subscriber. This unit consists of individual metering devices, parameter control and energy supply restrictions. It is possible to organize multi-circuit power supply with various priorities of power supply circuits.

Metering devices are energy consumption meters with a pulse output or digital electrical interface. Parameter control devices are primary converters that transmit information about the controlled parameters of energy carriers, for example, pressure sensors, temperature sensors. Feed restriction devices - remotely controlled shut-off valves.

The accounting and control unit has a data analysis and control unit and a self-monitoring unit, which can be implemented on the basis of an interface microcontroller, for example, PIC 18F458 or ATmega AT90S8515.

Data from the primary converters (energy meters, sensors) is fed to the digital inputs and the ADC of the microcontroller. The microcontroller organizes the reception of data from the primary converters and their primary processing. The first level controller performs the following actions:

- analysis of data for leakage - continuous increase in readings over a long time, overload - flow rate above a given value, distortion of readings - counter return, output of the meter or sensor from the allowable interval (contingency monitoring);

- control of the integrity of communication lines (control of emergency situations);

- monitoring the compliance of the individual counter number with the stored value (control of emergency situations);

- control of the presence of signals from data sources (health monitoring);

- formation of the total energy consumption;

- saving data on energy consumption in non-volatile memory;

- signal conversion from sensors for monitoring energy parameters;

- preparation of a data package for information exchange.

As a result, the first level controller generates a data packet that reflects the flow rate and energy parameters. Processed data is stored in non-volatile memory and, upon request, transferred to a higher level.

If alarm signs are detected, the analysis unit informs the higher level about this and, if necessary, disconnects the subscriber from the power supply network. The self-monitoring unit allows you to quickly identify a failure in the operation of the node.

Elements of the accounting and control unit have individual identification names inscribed in the data analysis unit, eliminating the possibility of information distortion by substitution.

The accounting and control unit has a transmitting and receiving unit, a control unit, a primary and backup power supply, an indication unit, and a non-volatile data storage unit.

Information exchange between elements of the first and second levels can be organized on the basis of the standard network protocol RS-485.

At the second level, data is collected from the accounting and control nodes of the subscriber for all supplied energy carriers.

The energy metering unit generates an array of subscriber consumption data. At the same time, in the blocks of preliminary analysis and initial control of the parameters, data is processed for the identification of critical and / or emergency situations, and the magnitude of the deviation of the parameters and the period of delivery-short supply of energy carriers with inappropriate parameters are recorded. The feed restriction devices are controlled directly by the energy supply control unit.

The data analysis unit and the second-level self-control unit (apartment level) are implemented programmatically on the basis of a single-board computer. For example, a single-board computer standard RS / 104 with an integrated subsystem USO Helios.

At the request of the information exchange support unit (BIO), data from the first level goes to the apartment level. The BIOF translates the received data into the preliminary analysis of the processed data (BPAOD) block, where the initial complex analysis is conducted. There should be a comprehensive increase in values, if there is no increase in values for one of the energy sources, then the meter may fail (control of emergency situations).

Further, the data received from the sensors for monitoring the parameters of energy carriers are sent to the primary control unit for the parameters of energy carriers (BPKPE), where they are checked for compliance with the established values. Information on energy consumption is processed in the energy consumption metering unit (BURE). In the event that signs of a situation involving the disconnection of the energy supply or the receipt of the corresponding signal from a higher level are detected, the energy supply control unit generates the necessary control signal. The prepared data packet, reflecting the energy consumption and compliance with the established parameters, is recorded in non-volatile memory and transferred to the BIO for further sending to the third level. The self-monitoring unit monitors the operability of the device as a whole, registering the passage of information signals from the primary converters and between the blocks.

In addition, a second-level computer carries out:

- control of the integrity of communication lines (control of emergency situations);

- control of compliance of individual numbers of analysis and data control blocks with the stored values (control of emergency situations);

- control of the presence of signals from data sources (health monitoring);

- the formation of the total value of the flow of energy;

- saving data on the flow rate and parameters of energy carriers in non-volatile memory.

In addition, a remote access control unit is integrated into the system, allowing the subscriber to remotely monitor the process of their energy consumption. Periodically, the system conducts a self-test to identify malfunctions.

At the third level (house level), the data coming from the second level are consolidated and processed. The block of common house-based metering of energy consumption forms an array of data on the total consumption. At the same time, data are processed in the blocks of common house analysis and integrated control of parameters to identify critical and / or emergency situations, and the magnitude of the deviation of the parameters and the period of delivery-short supply of energy carriers with inappropriate parameters are recorded.

The data analysis unit and the third level self-monitoring unit (home level) are implemented programmatically using the TRACE MODE software package from AdAstra Research based on PC compatible computers based on Intel x86 processors with Windows NT / 2000 / XP. For example, PC "KEY" Optima C2D E8400 / 1G / 160 / DVDRW / 94GT.

Data from the apartment level, upon request, is sent to the interface information exchange support unit (BIIII). BOIIO translates the received data into the block of the general house analysis of processed data (BAOOD), where it undergoes a comprehensive analysis. Further, the obtained data goes to the integrated control unit for energy parameters (BKKPE), where they are tested for compliance with the established values. Information on the subscriptive consumption of energy is processed in the block of the common house metering of energy consumption (BOURE). In case of revealing signs of a situation involving the shutdown of the energy supply or the receipt of the corresponding signal from a higher level, the control unit for the supply and distribution of energy carriers generates the necessary control signal. The prepared data packet, reflecting the energy consumption and compliance with the established parameters, is recorded in non-volatile memory and transferred to BIOII for further sending to the third level. The self-monitoring unit monitors the operability of the device as a whole, registering the passage of information signals between the blocks.

Settlement and information center (fourth level) consolidates the data coming from lower levels, organizes and prepares information for transmission to suppliers.

In order to increase reliability, elements of each level are provided with backup power devices and non-volatile memory.

Claims (1)

An automated complex of a centralized information-measuring system of accounting and control of energy consumption with the functions of monitoring the working capacity and analysis of critical situations, including four levels of formation of information flows, namely, introductory accounting and control nodes that measure the consumption of energy and its flow restrictions associated with the subscriber controller, subscriber controllers include a remote subscriber access unit and are connected to the home controller, while the home controllers the controllers, in turn, are connected with the settlement and information center, characterized in that the introductory accounting and control nodes include self-control units and data analysis and control units, the subscriber controller and the home controller include self-control units and processing data analysis units.