RU2704537C1 - System to ensure safety of apartment building against household gas leaks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrument engineering.

SUBSTANCE: system to ensure safety of an apartment building from household gas leaks, which includes a safety system control panel, connected to a common electrical network by means of cables, gas sensors and radio modems installed in apartments, in the attic, in the entrance and in the basement of the apartment building, and gas sensors and radio modems are combined into terminal devices and made in a single housing, terminal devices are combined into a single communication network based on IoT technology and connected to a control panel of the safety system.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of safety of natural gas use in multi-apartment houses.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of instrumentation, in particular to systems for detecting and preventing gas leaks in apartment buildings.

The prior art device for controlling the flow rate and leakage of domestic gas in apartment buildings [patent for invention RU 2370823 C1. IPC G08B 17/10, G08B 19/00. Application No. 2008106803/09, 02.26.2008. Published: 10/20/2009 in Byul. No. 29], which includes apartment and entrance gas flow meters, apartment and entrance gas pollution sensors, gas cut-off valves, a common gas adder for the entrance of an apartment building, a unit for comparing the total gas contamination level with an acceptable value, a reference voltage source for the total gas contamination level, block estimates of the current imbalance of gas flow in the entrance of an apartment building, an unbalance adder, an unbalance module isolation unit, a reference voltage source of an allowable disbalance level Lance, apartment and drive blocks for controlling gas shutoff valves, apartment and drive blocks for comparing gas levels with acceptable values, apartment and drive sources of reference voltage for levels of permissible gas, apartment and drive pulse meters, apartment and drive converters of pulse frequencies into an analog signal and modem cellular communications.

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the device, which consists in the need to lay numerous power and signal wires and the redundancy of the processing and data transmission units.

Also known is a system for ensuring the safe operation of buildings [patent for utility model RU 95422 U1. IPC G08B 17/00. Application No. 2009149755/22, 12.31.2009. Published: 06/27/2010 in Byul. No. 18], which includes parametric sensors connected to the wireless network at the monitoring objects with measuring signal pre-processing units, configured to save information and compare the received information with threshold values stored in advance and connected to the dispatcher's automated workstation to transmit the result measurements. According to the proposed solution, the system includes a wireless network coordinator, made in the form of a radio transmitter connected to parametric sensors, and radio-controlled actuators, for example, in the form of a relay. At the same time, actuators, parametric sensors, and the coordinator contain signal preprocessing units in the form of microcontrollers and form a self-tuning sensor network, which is connected to external networks, for example, to the network of a mobile operator or via the Internet with an automated workstation, connected via a gateway router connected to the coordinator place of dispatcher.

The disadvantage of the system is the lack of actuators providing the ability to automatically block / turn off the gas in the pipeline of an apartment building when fixing a gas leak.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a device for remote monitoring of gas equipment and household gas leaks in apartment buildings [patent for invention RU 2486595 C1. IPC G08B 17/10, G05B 23/00. Application No. 2012125342/08, 06/19/2012. Published: 06/27/2013 in Byul. No. 18]. Improving the safety of the use of natural gas in apartment buildings is carried out by means of a device that contains gas appliances, gas flow meters, gas sensors, volumetric flow of air, oxygen, scaling and differential amplifiers, comparators, digital-to-analog converters, setpoints for the minimum value of the volumetric flow of air, and a value dial allowable imbalance, gas flow adder, time delay blocks, gas supply cut-off valves, OR elements, cellular modem and residential radio modems with a set of information inputs and outputs.

The disadvantages of this device include the complexity of the device, insufficient safety, expressed in the absence of the ability to automatically vent and pump gas from the mains of an apartment building in the event of an emergency gas leak.

The technical result of the proposed system is to increase the safety of the use of natural gas in apartment buildings.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the security system of an apartment building from domestic gas leaks includes:

- the control panel of the security system connected to the common house electrical network via cables and providing signals from terminal devices, transmitting signals to shut off the gas main if necessary, turning on gas pumping out of the pipe in the event of an accident, and turning on the ventilation system of the entrance and attic of the apartment building (at availability);

- gas sensors and radio modems, which are terminal devices made in a single building, installed in apartments, in the attic and in the basement of an apartment building, combined into a single energy-efficient communication network based on IoT technology (Internet of Things) and connected to a control panel security via cable and / or wireless network. As a power source for gas sensors of terminal devices, either battery cells, a common house electrical network, or an apartment electrical network can be used;

- a motorized valve consisting of two ball valves equipped with electric drives and controlled by a control system controller. Moreover, the first valve is installed at the outlet of the common house pipe of the gas pipeline of the apartment building and is connected on the one hand with the control panel of the security system and, on the other hand, with a compressor with an outlet to the atmosphere, and the second valve is installed on the common house pipe of the gas pipeline of the apartment building.

In a private version, if it is necessary to pump gas from the main pipe of the apartment building in the event of a gas leak, the security system of the apartment building can include a vacuum accumulator installed on the inlet pipe of the entrance pipe of the apartment building and including a shut-off valve and a pump gas pumping.

The security system of an apartment building also includes industrial fans installed in the attic and in the entrance of the apartment building and connected by cables to the control panel of the security system.

The advantages of the presented system are:

- Does not require mandatory installation of ventilation systems gas shutdown occurs at non-hazardous concentrations (up to 3.5%);

- ease of installation, as no additional power and signal wires are required;

- modern specialized data transmission systems for telemetry devices with low volumes of traffic are used for signal transmission, for example, NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) [https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/NB_IoT], which provide flexible energy management devices, large network capacity - tens to hundreds of thousands of connected devices per controller;

- in the event of an accident, gas from the network is pumped into the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the problem of the presence of residual gas in the pipe;

- the presence of power elements of the system allows for autonomous operation, combining the functions of monitoring, control, response and utilization of gas in one automated system.

The structure of the security system of an apartment building is presented in the Figure, where: 1 - terminal devices, 2 - gas appliances in apartments, 3 - base station of the IoT network, 4 - control panel of the security system, 5 - system controller, 6 - motorized valves, 7 - pumping compressor, 8 - gas main, 9 - attic, 10 - apartment, 11 - staircase, 12 - basement.

Operation in normal mode: there is no gas leak, there is no alarm from terminal devices 1, both motorized dampers 6 are open for gas supply from the gas line 8 in the apartment building.

In the event of an emergency related to a gas leak or exceeding the permissible gas content: A) the gas sensor is triggered;

B) receiving / transmitting an alarm signal, sending a signal about the operation of the system to the emergency gas service by base station 3;

C) an emergency shutdown signal is received by the system;

D) the gas line 8 of the apartment building is shut off by motorized valves 6, and the pump-down compressor 7 is turned on.

Elements of the system may have the following hardware design.

1) Indoor unit: optical absorption methane sensor ME01 with modem NB-IoT RTU102 NB1.1264.11.T

2) Composition of the external system unit: GA01 controller with NB-IoT RTU102 NM1.1264.11.T receiver, ACI INDUSTRIEARMATUREN shut-off valves, FAR 300616 140 motorized drives, Becker VASF 1.50 vortex pump-out compressor.

Claims (3)

1. The security system of an apartment building from domestic gas leaks, including a control panel for the security system connected to the common house electrical network via cables, gas sensors and radio modems installed in apartments, in the attic, in the entrance and in the basement of the apartment building, characterized in that gas sensors and radio modems are combined into terminal devices and are made in a single housing, terminal devices are combined into a single communication network based on IoT technology and connected to On the control panel of the security system, a motorized valve is installed on the common house pipe of the gas pipeline of the apartment building, which consists of a pipe installed on the all-house pipe of the gas pipeline of the apartment building and connected on one side to the control panel of the security system and on the other hand with an exhaust pump that has an outlet to the atmosphere , and the second motorized valve, equipped with an electric drive and installed on the common house pipe of the gas pipeline of an apartment building. 2. A security system for an apartment building from domestic gas leaks, including a control panel for the security system connected to the public electricity network via cables, gas sensors and radio modems installed in apartments, in the attic, in the entrance and in the basement of the apartment building, characterized in that gas sensors and radio modems are combined into terminal devices and are made in a single housing, terminal devices are combined into a single communication network based on IoT technology and connected to On the control panel of the security system, a motorized valve is installed on the common house pipe of the gas pipeline of the apartment building, consisting of the first motorized valve installed on the common house pipe of the gas pipeline of the apartment building, equipped with an electric drive and connected to the control panel of the security system on one side and with a vacuum accumulator installed on the inlet pipe of the gas pipeline of the entrance of an apartment building and includes a shut-off valve and a compressor pumping gas on the other hand. 3. The system for ensuring the safety of an apartment building from domestic gas leaks according to claim 1, characterized in that battery cells, a common house electrical network, and an apartment electric network can be used as a power source for the gas sensors of the terminal devices.

Images