RU2499972C1 - "mologa" device for blasting over-caliber frags for hand-held grenade launcher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device comprises integrated sight and laser range finder to be mounted at grenade launcher barrel, barrel elevation transducer, ballistic computer and frag with electronic percussion base fuse set to time counts and percussion. Said sight incorporates barrel elevation mark to allows frag blasting at preset height above the target. Frag body is shaped so that circular fragmentation field is produced with meridian angle of separation making at least 90 degrees.

EFFECT: higher hitting efficiency.

15 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hand grenade launchers and their ammunition, and more specifically to devices for trajectory detonation of fragmentation grenades.

The high-caliber fragmentation grenade and the device for its trajectory detonation are described in [1]. It is a prototype of the invention.

The grenade for RPG-7 grenade launcher is presented in figure 2. The caliber part contains a jet engine with a solid fuel charge, a shock igniter, an ignition moderator, a nozzle block located in front of the engine near the junction with the sub-caliber part, equipped with a detachable connection to the rear end of the jet engine with a rod in the middle part of which a drop-down blade stabilizer is fixed, An impeller is attached to the rear part, and an expelling powder charge is placed along the entire length of the rod.

The grenade contains a bottom temporary fuse with the receiver of the units brought out. The type of fuse (mechanical, pyrotechnic or electric) is not specified. The receiver of the installations is either in the form of a rotary ring, or a push-button mechanism, or an electrical contact node.

The device includes a laser rangefinder, a barrel elevation sensor and a ballistic computer that generates a time setting and a barrel elevation angle.

The disadvantages of the invention include:

- the laser rangefinder is made in the form of a unit, separated from the weapon and connected with it by a cable, which complicates the freedom of action of the shooter;

- The type of temporary fuse is not indicated. According to the requirements of accuracy and maintenance, when shooting, only an electric (electronic) fuse is practically applicable;

- the power source of the entire system is not specified;

- the requirements for the accuracy of the device are not defined;

- according to figure 2 [1] the outer diameter of the fuse is less than the maximum diameter of the nozzle block, which when using the contact input of the installation into the fuse requires the use of a rather complicated design of the contact node;

- grenade, shown in figure 2, provides only the axial action of the beam ready-made striking elements (GGE). Destruction of targets in trenches, embankments, on reverse slopes is not ensured;

- in the grenade fuse there is no installation on the impact.

The present invention addresses these drawbacks.

The technical solution consists in the fact that the laser range finder is made in one unit with a sight mounted on the grenade launcher barrel, a mark of the elevation angle of the barrel providing a gap at a given height above the target is introduced into the sight, the grenade body is made in the form of a circular fragmentation field with a meridional angle expansion of at least 90 °, an electronic fuse is used with capacitor power and settings for counting time and shock, the capacitor is charged immediately before Relocation, with the most reliable and safe execution - through power contact, the second low-current contact serves to enter commands for the type of action and set flight time, the device provides a total quadratic deviation of the gap epicenter from the target of no more than D / 200 (D - firing range in m) .

Figure 1 - the main components of the grenade launcher and detonation device, figure 2 - general view of the grenade, figure 3-5 - the execution of the combat parts of the grenade grenade and contact node, figure 6, 7 - the action of the grenade.

Block "sight - laser range finder" 1 and the elevation sensor of the barrel 2 is installed on the barrel 3. The power source of the device (battery), ballistic computer and outdoor temperature meter are installed in the bag 4, connected by cable 5 to block 1. The fragmentation grenade 6 contains a bottom fuse 7 with the receiver of the installations brought out 8. At the front end of the barrel, a contact assembly 9 is mounted, connected by cable 10 to block 1.

Figure 2 presents the fragmentation grenade for a full-time grenade launcher RPG-7 [2]. The grenade consists of a caliber part 11 and a sub-caliber warhead 12. The caliber part of the grenade contains a jet engine 13 with a charge of solid fuel and a nozzle block 14, a rod 15 connected via a detachable connection 16 to the rear end of the jet engine, equipped in the middle part with a deployable stabilizer 17 , and in the rear part - a turbine 18. The expelling powder charge located along the entire length of the rod is not shown in FIG. 2.

Figure 3-5 presents various versions of the fragmentation warheads of the grenade and contact nodes.

Figure 3 presents a grenade with a barrel-shaped body 19 of a predetermined crushing provided by the internal corrugation 20. A detonator 22 is located inside the explosive charge 21. A head cap 23 is attached to the front of the case. The fuse contact assembly consists of a console 24 attached to it, which is the receiving part of the device input commands (UVK) into the fuse, with a contact pin 25 and the counterpart of the connector 26, which is the feed part of the UVK mounted on the front of the barrel 3. The size of the console exceeds the largest radius of the nozzle block ka. The pin is equipped with two ring contacts 27, one of which is used to charge the fuse capacitor, and the other to set the type of action and enter flight time. An option is provided for carrying out both operations sequentially through one contact using a channel selector.

Figure 4 presents the execution of the warhead with a hull containing a single layer stacking of ready-made striking elements (GGE), and located in the bow of the hull with a multilayer block GGE 28 (fragmentation-beam warhead). The central location of the detonator is used to increase the meridional angle of expansion of the fragments. The fuse housing 29, which is the receiving part of the UVK, is made in the form of a cylinder with a diameter equal to the largest diameter of the nozzle block. The elastic contact 30 is mounted on the rod 31 mounted on the barrel.

In both versions (figure 3, 4) this fuse contains a shock inertial mechanism.

Figure 5 presents the fragmentation warhead of a spherical shape, providing a meridional angle of expansion Δφ≈180 °. A layer of GGE 32 is laid on the inner surface of the thin-walled body. GGE can be made of both steel and heavy alloys, for example, based on tungsten. In this design, the warhead is equipped with a head contact node 33, which provides instant grenade operation during impact shooting on the ground. The temporary installation in this circuit is entered in a non-contact way using an infrared emitter 34 located in the supply part of the UVK and mounted on the rod 31, and the receiving part of the UVK in the form of an optical radiation receiver 35 on the fuse case.

An indicator is turned on in the sight of the sight, confirming the charging of the capacitor and the input of commands of the type of action and setting the time.

The grenade is designed to destroy infantry and unarmored vehicles located in open areas, in trenches, embankments and on reverse slopes. It can also be used to destroy helicopters. Before a shot, the distance to the target is measured using a laser range finder of a grenade launcher, the temperature of the outside air is determined using the meter, the type of gap (trajectory, ground) is determined, the flight time to the gap point and the elevation angle of the barrel are calculated. The amount of flight time is introduced into the fuse by a contact or non-contact method. After confirming the fact of power supply and installation input, a shot is fired.

Grenade rupture occurs over target C (Fig.6) with statistical dispersion of the distance U of the gap epicenter E relative to the target. The value of U is defined as

U = D-S,

where D is the range to the target determined by the laser range finder;

S - the path traveled by a grenade at the time of detonation.

The distance U is a random variable whose variance is defined as the sum of the variances

D _U = D _D + D _S

The dispersion of determining the distance to the target D _d depends significantly on the type of target. For a single infantryman in growth in an open area, it is D _D = (2 ... 3) m ² , for an infantryman in a trench D _D = (3 ... 4) m ² .

As an example, we present the data for an optical sight with a laser rangefinder Zeiss Victory Diarange MZ-12x56T (target class not specified)

Wavelength (nm) 904 Measurement Accuracy (m) ± 1 to 600 m, ± 0.5 after 600 m Measuring range (m) 10-999 Measurement Interval (sec) 3

To estimate the variance D _s we take the approximate relation [3]

S = χUt

U - maximum grenade speed, χ <1

t - flight time to break

The speed of a grenade is a random variable, depending on the spread of its mass, the properties of the powder and the temperature of the outside air.

Given that the variance of a product is the complemented product of variances, we obtain

, $$D_S={\chi }^2\left(D_U{D}_t+{〈t〉}^2{D}_U+{〈U〉}^2{D}_t\right)$$

,

where the dispersion of flight time t is defined as:

D _t = D ₁ + D ₂ + D ₃

D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ - respectively, the dispersion of the ballistic computer, set the time and work out the set time fuse. The analysis showed that for typical firing conditions, the value of D _t should be less than 0.000025 s, the standard deviation σ _t ≤0.005 s.

For typical shooting conditions, the standard deviation σ _{U of the} distance U can be determined to a first approximation by the relation

$${\sigma }_U=\sqrt{D_U}=\frac{D}{200},{\sigma }_U,D\left[m\right]$$

A regular shot PG-7V with a cumulative grenade has the following characteristics [2]:

Total weight kg 2.2 The mass of the warhead, kg 1.0 Caliber warhead, mm 85 The initial speed of the grenade, m / s 120 Maximum grenade speed, m / s 300 Range of a direct shot, m 330 Sighting range, m 500

Estimates of the characteristics of the fragmentation warhead are:

Weight Q, kg one Charge mass C (composition A-IX-2), kg 0.25 Knock speed D, m / s 8000 Coefficient of filling α = C / Q 0.25 The mass of one GGE, m, g 0.5 The number of GGE 1200 The meridional expansion angle of the GGE, Δφ, deg 90

Estimated GGE Expansion Speed

$$V_o=\frac{D}{2\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{\alpha }=1400m/\mathrm{from}$$

Initial kinetic energy of GGE

$$W=\frac{m{v}_0^2}{2}=490D\mathrm{well}$$

The optimal height of the blast, calculated by the program "Rain" [4] is 3 ... 4 m. With increasing height, the density of the GGE and the compression effect of the explosion drop sharply.

In the fragmentation field configuration shown in FIG. 6, the meridional field angle is 90 °, the field is symmetrical with respect to the equatorial plane (the Taylor angle is zero), the field declination in the flight direction is neglected due to the insignificant speed of the grenade. The width of the covered zone Z = 2H, condition of the covering target Z = 6σ _U, where N≥0,015D. At ranges of 200, 300 and 400 m, the required path height is 3, respectively; 4,5 and 6 m.

When firing at percussion, the corresponding command is also entered into the fuse before firing. Upon impact on the ground, the inertial mechanism of the fuse (variants of Figures 3, 4) or the head contact assembly (variant of Figure 5) is triggered.

Helicopter shooting can be carried out with the installation of the fuse both on the impact (at a distance of less than 200 m), and on the trajectory detonation at a long range (Fig.7).

The proposed device provides a significant increase in efficiency compared to the action of a standard caliber grenade OG-7V with a fuse

Probability of defeat Regular grenade OG-7V Proposed over-caliber grenade trajectory detonation Sighting range of a shot from RPG-7V grenade launcher 280 500 Chance of Infantry Defeat In open area 0.3 0.8 In the trench 0.02 0.4 Chance of Hitting a Helicopter 0.05 0.2

Literature

1. RU 2118788.

2. A.A. Catch VV Korenkov, V.M. Bazilevich, V.V. The ship. Domestic anti-tank grenade launchers. Infantry weapons of Russia, 2001.

3. V.A. Odintsov. Prospects for the development of axial fragmentation ammunition. Ammunition. No. 3-4, 1994.

4. V.A. Odintsov. Designs of shrapnel ammunition. Part II. Artillery shells. Tutorial. Because of MSTU them. N.E. Bauman, 2002.

Claims (15)

1. A device for trajectory detonating super-fragmentation fragmentation grenades to a hand grenade launcher, comprising a sight, a laser range finder, a barrel elevation sensor, a ballistic calculator and a fragmentation grenade with a ground temporary fuse, characterized in that the laser range finder is made in one unit with an sight mounted on the grenade launcher barrel , a mark of the elevation angle of the barrel is introduced into the sight, providing a gap at a given height above the target, the grenade body is made in a form that provides a circular fragmentation field with m With an expansion angle of at least 90 °, an electronic shock-time bottom fuse was used with settings for counting time and for impact. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for inputting commands into the fuse includes a feeding part located at the front end of the barrel and a receiving part located on the fuse. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the receiving part of the device is made in the form of a console containing a contact pin, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the grenade, while the pin contains two ring contacts, and the supply part is also made in the form of a console. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that its receiving part is made in the form of a cylinder with an outer diameter equal to the largest diameter of the nozzle block. 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the supply part contains an infrared emitter mounted on the barrel rod, and the receiving part is made in the form of an optical radiation receiver mounted on the fuse body. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the warhead is made in a barrel-shaped or spherical shape. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the detonator is located in the center of the warhead. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the warhead housing is made with a given crushing. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the warhead housing is made with finished striking elements of steel or heavy alloys, while in the front of the housing a multilayer block of finished striking elements can be installed. 10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power source of the fuse is made in the form of a capacitor. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the capacitor is charged and the time setting is entered through different pairs of contacts. 12. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the capacitor is charged and the time setting is entered sequentially through one pair of contacts using a channel selector. 13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the indicator is turned on in the sight field of the sight, confirming the charging of the capacitor and the input of the time setting. 14. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the standard deviation of the flight time is determined by the condition σ _t ≤0.005 s. 15. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device’s power source (battery), ballistic computer, and external temperature meter are installed in a portable bag connected by a cable to the “sight-range finder” unit.

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