RU2496204C1 - Secondary uninterrupted power supply with power takeoff from phase conductor current - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: power supply includes primary converter (2) that is formed with annular magnetic conductor (3) closed around phase conductor (1), on which there arranged is secondary winding (4), the output terminals (5) and (6) of which form output terminals of primary converter (2), rectifying diode bridge (7), smoothing polar capacitor (8), voltage converter-stabiliser (9) made as per DC-DC circuit of converter, output terminals (10) and (11) of DC-DC converter are connected to load (12), storage battery (13) (SB), charging device (14), non-polar capacitor (15), gas discharger (16), voltage stabiliser (17), current limiter (18), current shunt (19) for SB current control, current shunt (20) for load (12) current control, diode (21) of SB automatic connection, analogue-to-digital converter (22) of SB voltage control, analogue-to-digital converter (23) of SB current control, analogue-to-digital converter (24) of load voltage control, analogue-to-digital converter (25) of load current control, and analogue-to-digital converter (26) of voltage control of smoothing capacitor (8).

EFFECT: simplifying the design and reducing power loss.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to secondary power sources.

A secondary uninterruptible power supply with power take-off from a phase wire current is known, comprising a current transformer whose primary winding is a phase wire, a voltage transformer whose primary winding is connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer, and the secondary winding is connected to the input of the rectifier diode bridge with a smoothing capacitance. The output terminals of the rectifier diode bridge are connected to the input terminals of a voltage stabilizer made according to the DC-DC converter circuit. The output terminals of the DC-DC converter are connected to the load of the power source and the battery connected in parallel (Bunin A.V., Vishnyakov S.V., Gevorkyan V.M., Kazantsev Yu.A. et al. The problem of creating an autonomous integrated measurement power supply high voltage devices. Abstracts. Proceedings. XXII International Conference "Electromechanics, Electrotechnologies, Electrotechnical Materials and Components" FEEEE-2008, Crimea, Alushta, September 24 - October 4, 2008 Section 2 - Electromechanics, p.297-298).

A disadvantage of the known secondary power take-off source is the design complexity combined with instability in a wide range of phase current changes in the wire of the transmission line.

The closest in technical essence to the invention is a secondary uninterruptible power supply with power take-off from a phase current, comprising a current transformer whose primary winding is included in the phase wire circuit, a voltage transformer whose primary winding is connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer, and the secondary winding is connected to the input of the rectifier diode bridge with a smoothing capacitor, the output terminals of the rectifier diode bridge are connected to the input terminals of the voltage regulator a circuit made according to the DC-DC converter circuit, and the output terminals of the DC-DC converter are connected to the load of the power supply, the battery and the shunt branches controlled by voltage dividers connected in parallel. The shunt branches are connected in parallel with the input terminals of the voltage stabilizer and are formed by serially connected transistor and ballast load connected to the collector circuit of the transistor, the base of which is connected to the output of the voltage divider made in the form of series-connected resistors connected in parallel to the input terminals of the voltage stabilizer (RF Patent No. 2379742 from 12/25/08, G05F 1/618, BI No. 2 of 01/20/10).

The disadvantage of such a secondary power take-off source is the design complexity determined by the voltage transformer, combined with the high power dissipated in ballast loads when operating in a wide range of phase current changes in the transmission line wire.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the design and at the same time reduce the power loss dissipated on the circuit elements of the secondary power take-off source.

This result is achieved by the fact that the known secondary uninterruptible power supply with power take-off from the phase wire current, comprising a primary converter, which is formed by an annular magnetic circuit closed around a phase wire on which a secondary winding is placed, the output terminals of which form the output terminals of the primary converter, a rectifier diode bridge, smoothing polar capacitor, voltage stabilizer converter-DC-DC converter, output terminals DC-DC envelope the ra are connected to the load of the power source, and the battery is equipped with a non-polar capacitor, gas discharger, voltage stabilizer, current limiter, a current shunt for monitoring the current of the battery, a current shunt for monitoring the load current, a diode for automatically connecting the battery, an analog-to-digital converter battery voltage, the analog-to-digital converter controlling the current of the battery, the analog-to-digital converter controlling the voltage load, an analog-to-digital converter for monitoring the load current, an analog-to-digital converter for controlling the voltage of the smoothing polar capacitor, the secondary winding contains the number of turns, which is determined by the ratio

, $$W=\frac{U{l}_{\mathrm{from}R}}{222Sk{I}_{\min }}$$

,

, I_min - минимальное значение силы тока в фазном проводе, вторичная обмотка и неполярный конденсатор образуют последовательную цепь, подключенную к входу выпрямительного диодного моста, параллельно зажимам которого включен разрядник газовый, параллельно выходным зажимам выпрямительного диодного моста включен стабилизатор напряжения, выходные зажимы выпрямительного диодного моста через последовательно включенный ограничитель тока присоединены к включенным параллельно входам зарядного устройства, преобразователя-стабилизатора напряжения и сглаживающего полярного конденсатора, выходной зажим положительного потенциала зарядного устройства присоединен к положительному зажиму аккумуляторной батареи, к которому присоединен и один из зажимов входа аналого-цифрового преобразователя контроля напряжения аккумуляторной батареи и положительный вывод диода автоматического подключения аккумуляторной батареи, другой зажим аналого-цифрового преобразователя контроля напряжения аккумуляторной батареи присоединен к общей точке - массе вторичного источника питания, отрицательный вывод диода автоматического подключения аккумуляторной батареи присоединен к положительному зажиму входа зарядного устройства, отрицательный зажим аккумуляторной батареи через последовательно включенный токовый шунт для контроля тока аккумуляторной батареи присоединен к массе вторичного источника питания, параллельно токовому шунту для контроля тока аккумуляторной батареи подключен вход аналого-цифрового преобразователя контроля тока аккумуляторной батареи, параллельно зажимам сглаживающего полярного конденсатора присоединены зажимы аналого-цифрового преобразователя контроля напряжения сглаживающего полярного конденсатора, выходной зажим преобразователя-стабилизатора напряжения с положительным потенциалом присоединен к первому зажиму нагрузки и к одному из зажимов входа аналого-цифрового преобразователя контроля напряжения нагрузки, другой из зажимов которого присоединен к массе вторичного источника питания, выходной зажим преобразователя-стабилизатора напряжения с отрицательным потенциалом присоединен к концу токового шунта для контроля тока нагрузки, другой конец которого присоединен к второму зажиму нагрузки и к одному из зажимов входа аналого-цифрового преобразователя контроля тока нагрузки, другой из зажимов которого присоединен к массе вторичного источника питания.where U is the actual value of the output voltage of the primary converter in idle mode, l _cf is the middle line of the ring magnetic circuit , S is the cross section of the ring magnetic circuit, k is the derivative of the linear section of the main magnetization curve of the material of the ring magnetic circuit with dimension $$\frac{Tl\cdot m}{\mathrm{BUT}}$$

, I _min is the minimum value of the current strength in the phase conductor, the secondary winding and the non-polar capacitor form a series circuit connected to the input of the rectifier diode bridge, a gas discharger is connected in parallel to the terminals, a voltage regulator is connected in parallel to the output terminals of the rectifier diode, and the output terminals of the rectifier diode bridge through a series-connected current limiter connected to parallel-connected inputs of the charger, stabilizer converter voltage and a smoothing polar capacitor, the output terminal of the positive potential of the charger is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, to which is connected one of the input terminals of the analog-to-digital converter for monitoring the battery voltage and the positive terminal of the diode for automatically connecting the battery, another terminal of the analog-to-digital converter control voltage of the battery is connected to a common point - the mass of the secondary power source, negative the positive terminal of the automatic battery connection diode is connected to the positive terminal of the charger input, the negative terminal of the battery through a series-connected current shunt for monitoring the battery current is connected to the mass of the secondary power source, the analog-to-digital converter input is connected in parallel with the current shunt to monitor the battery current monitoring the battery current parallel to the terminals of the smoothing polar capacitor the terminals of the analog-to-digital converter for controlling the voltage of the smoothing polar capacitor are connected, the output terminal of the converter for stabilizing the voltage with positive potential is connected to the first load terminal and to one of the input terminals of the analog-to-digital converter for controlling the load voltage, the other of which is connected to the mass of the secondary power source , the output terminal of the negative-voltage converter-voltage stabilizer is connected to the end of the current shunt for monitoring load current I, and the other end connected to the second terminal of the load and to one input terminal of analog-to-digital converter load current control, the other terminals of which is connected to the mass of the secondary power source.

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a functional diagram of a secondary uninterruptible power supply with power take-off from the phase wire current.

The secondary uninterruptible power supply with power take-off from the current of the phase wire 1 comprises a primary converter 2, which is formed by an annular magnetic circuit 3 closed around a phase wire 1, on which a secondary winding 4 is placed, the output terminals 5 and 6 of which form the output terminals of the primary converter 2, a rectifier a diode bridge 7, a smoothing polar capacitor 8, a voltage stabilizer-converter 9, made according to the DC-DC converter circuit, and the output terminals 10 and 11 of the DC-DC converter are connected to the load e 12 power supply, battery 13, charger 14, non-polar capacitor 15, gas discharger 16, voltage regulator 17, current limiter 18, current shunt 19 for monitoring the current of the battery 13, current shunt 20 for monitoring the load current 12, diode 21 automatic connection of the battery 13, the analog-to-digital converter 22 for monitoring the voltage of the battery 13, the analog-to-digital converter 23 for monitoring the current of the battery 13, the analog-to-digital converter 24 for monitoring the voltage load 12, analog-to-digital Converter 25 control current load 12, analog-to-digital Converter 26 control voltage smoothing capacitor 8.

The output terminals of the secondary winding 4, the secondary winding 4 and the non-polar capacitor 15 form a series circuit connected to the input of the rectifier diode bridge 7, in parallel with the terminals of which a gas discharger 16 is connected. A voltage regulator 17 is connected in parallel with the output terminals of the rectifier diode bridge 7, and the output terminals of the rectifier diode bridge 7 through a series-connected current limiter 18 connected to parallel-connected inputs of the charger 14, the voltage stabilizer converter 9 and a smoothing polar capacitor 8. The output terminal 27 of the positive potential of the charger 14 is connected to the positive terminal 28 of the battery 13, to which is connected one of the input terminals of the analog-to-digital converter 22 for monitoring the voltage of the battery and the positive terminal of the diode 21 for automatically connecting the battery 13, another terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 22 for monitoring the voltage of the battery 13 is connected to a common point - the mass 29 of the secondary source p power, the negative terminal of the automatic connection diode 21 of the battery 13 is connected to the positive terminal 30 of the input of the charger 14, the negative terminal of the battery 13 is connected to the end of the current shunt 19 to control the current of the battery 13, the other end of which is connected to the mass 29 of the secondary power source, parallel to the current shunt 19 for monitoring the current of the battery 13 is connected to the input of an analog-to-digital Converter 23 monitoring the current of the battery 13, in parallel Amps of the smoothing polar capacitor 8 are connected to the terminals of the analog-to-digital converter 26 for monitoring the voltage of the smoothing polar capacitor 8, the output terminal 10 of the voltage stabilizer-converter 9 with positive potential is connected to the first load terminal 12 and to one of the input terminals of the analog-to-digital converter 24 for monitoring the load voltage , the other of the clamps of which is connected to the mass 29 of the secondary power source, the output terminal of the converter-voltage stabilizer 9 with a negative connected to the end of the current shunt 20 to control the load current 12, the other end of the current shunt 20 to control the load current 12 to the load terminal 12 and to one of the input terminals of the analog-to-digital converter 25 to control the load current 12, the other of the terminals of which is connected to the ground 29 secondary power sources.

A secondary uninterruptible power supply with power take-off from the phase wire current works as follows.

, The current flowing in the phase wire 1, excites an alternating magnetic field in the magnetic circuit 3, the intensity of which is approximately determined by the ratio $$H\approx \frac{I}{l_{\mathrm{from}R}}$$

,

, where I is the value of the current strength in the phase wire, l _cp is the middle line of the magnetic circuit closed around the phase wire 1. The magnetic field H in accordance with the main magnetization curve of the material of the magnetic circuit 3 induces at the output terminals 5 and 6 of the secondary winding 4, which form the output terminals of the primary transducer 2, a voltage proportional to the number of turns W. The required number of turns of the secondary winding is determined by the ratio $$W=\frac{U{l}_{\mathrm{from}R}}{222Sk{I}_{\min }}$$

,

, I_min - минимальное значение силы тока в фазном проводе. where U is the effective value of the output voltage of the primary transducer 2 in idle mode, l _cf is the middle line of the closed magnetic circuit, S is the cross section of the magnetic circuit, k is the derivative of the linear section of the main magnetization curve of the material of the magnetic circuit with dimension $$\frac{Tl\cdot m}{\mathrm{BUT}}$$

, I _min - the minimum value of the current strength in the phase wire.

The formed primary converter 2 differs qualitatively from voltage transformers in that it does not contain a traditional primary winding, which is formed similarly to a current transformer in the form of a wire - a phase wire 1, passed into the hole of the magnetic circuit 3, so the magnetic field in it is formed according to the law of the total current. In this case, the application of the total current law is approximately possible with the replacement of the ring lines of the field strength by the middle line of the magnetic circuit 3.

Given the small magnitude of the magnetic field induced by the current in the phase wire 1 in the magnetic circuit 3, to create practically interesting (usually 5 ... 12 V) voltage values at the output terminals 5 and 6 of the primary Converter 2 connected to typical loads of 5 ... 25 Ohms, the number of turns of the secondary winding 4 is several hundred (depending on the magnitude of the current in the phase wire). However, this sharply increases the internal resistance of the primary Converter 2, which limits the possibility of efficient power take-off to the load. The contradictions between a large number of turns W and corresponding to this large number of turns large internal resistance is allowed by the implementation of the serial resonance mode in the output circuit of the primary converter 2. The series resonance mode is created by sequentially connecting a non-polar capacitor 15 to the secondary circuit 4. This is because the main contribution to the internal resistance of the primary converter 2 is made by the reactance of the inductance of the secondary winding 4.

From the output of the primary converter 2, an alternating voltage is supplied to the input of the rectifier diode bridge 7. Gas spark gap 16, connected in parallel with the input terminals of the rectifier diode bridge 7, performs the function of a protective fuse for voltage if the phase wire exceeds the maximum permissible values (for each specific version of the device, calculated on the working range of currents, these values differ). In terms of physical functions, gas spark gap 16 is an inertial element that responds to quasistatic (compared to 50 Hz) processes.

From the output of the rectifier diode bridge 7, an alternating voltage of positive polarity (relative to the mass 29 of the secondary power source) through a parallel voltage regulator 17 and a series current limiter 18 is connected to the input of the polar smoothing capacitor 8. Moreover, the voltage regulator 17 limits the level of alternating voltage of positive polarity at the output of the rectifier diode bridge 7 with values acceptable for the smoothing polar capacitor 8, and the limiter The current 18 operates as a key, opening the branch into which it is switched on for the period of locking the PWM modulator of the DC-DC converter of the voltage-stabilizer converter 9. Otherwise, when the PWM modulator is closed, the smoothing polar capacitor 8 is charged from the rectifier diode bridge 7 to the positive values of the peak alternating voltage at its output. These values can be significantly higher than the permissible values of the smoothing polar capacitor 8.

Converter-voltage stabilizer 9, made in the form of a DC-DC converter based on a PWM modulator, converts the voltage on the smoothing polar capacitor 8 to the operating voltage of the load 12. Load 12 is connected to the output terminals 10 and 11 of the converter-voltage stabilizer 9 through a series-connected current shunt 20 to control the load current 12. The load current is monitored using an analog-to-digital converter 25 for monitoring the load current 12. For this, the input of the analog-to-digital converter 25 is connected to O compound ke current shunt 20 and the load 12.

The operating voltage at the load 12 is controlled using an analog-to-digital converter 24 for monitoring the voltage of the load 12.

The voltage at the input of the voltage stabilizer-converter 9, and hence at the terminals of the smoothing polar capacitor 8, is controlled using an analog-to-digital converter 26, the input of which is connected to the terminals of the smoothing polar capacitor 8.

The state of the battery 13 is maintained by the charger 14, the input of which is connected in parallel with the smoothing polar capacitor 8, and the positive potential output of the charger 14 is connected to the positive potential terminal of the battery 14. If the positive voltage of the smoothing polar capacitor 8 is higher than the voltage across the terminals of the battery 13 , then the diode 21 for automatically connecting the battery 13 is locked and the load 12 is powered from the stabilizer inverter maskers 9. If the positive polar voltage of the smoothing capacitor 8 is lower than the voltage at the terminals of the battery 13, the diode 21 automatically connect the battery 13 is opened and the load 12 is supplied from the battery 13.

The voltage of the battery 13 is controlled by an analog-to-digital converter 22 for monitoring the voltage of the battery 13, and the charge current of the battery 13 is controlled using an analog-to-digital converter 23 for monitoring the current of the battery 13.

Simplification of the design is achieved due to the design of the primary converter 2, essentially in the form of a multi-turn inductor, and the implementation of the resonant mode in the power take-off circuit due to the non-polar capacitor 8 connected in series. In this case, the functions of the current transformer and voltage transformer are combined in the primary converter in the inductor powered by current source. However, with respect to the output terminals, the primary converter is a voltage controlled current source, the source operating in a sharply nonlinear mode. Therefore, the direct use of standard DC-DC converters is impossible in such a device.

The use of shunt resistive circuits to limit the current in the load, which is irrational due to the increase in power losses dissipated on the circuit elements of the secondary power take-off, was avoided by introducing a voltage regulator 17, a current limiter 18, into the device. This made it possible to reduce the power loss dissipated on the circuit elements of the secondary power take-off source, since power take-off from the primary converter is limited.

Secondary uninterruptible power supply with power take-off from a phase wire 1 of a 110 kV high-voltage power line, circular industrial frequency ω = 314 rad / s, based on magnetic circuit 3 of standard size 20 × 40-80 PL of anisotropic cold-rolled steel grade 3406 with the number of turns of the secondary winding equal to 300 from a PEV wire with a diameter of 0.9 mm and the use of an electronic stabilization system made it possible to remove a fixed voltage from 12 V to a 24 Ohm load with a phase current ranging from 100 to 300 A. This power is enough to provide work, for example, the primary low-power sensors and systems radio channel data in the autonomous transmission line automation systems.

The achieved result is ensured by the construction of a voltage stabilizer 17 for a voltage of 35-40 V and a current limiter of 0.7 A based on the same TL 783 chip.

The use of a secondary uninterruptible power supply with power take-off from the phase wire current makes it possible to provide a stable power supply mode for autonomous automatic measuring devices located near power lines.

Claims (1)

A secondary power source with a power take-off from the phase wire current, comprising a primary converter, which is formed by an annular magnetic circuit closed around a phase wire on which a secondary winding is placed, the output terminals of which form the output terminals of the primary converter, a rectifier diode bridge, a smoothing capacitor, a stabilizer converter voltage, made according to the DC-DC converter circuit, the output terminals of the DC-DC converter are connected to the load of the power source, and the battery, characterized by the fact that it is equipped with a non-polar capacitor, a gas discharger, a voltage stabilizer, a current limiter, a current shunt for monitoring the battery current, a current shunt for monitoring the load current, an automatic battery connection diode, an analog-to-digital converter for monitoring the battery voltage, and an analog-to-digital a battery current monitoring converter, an analog-to-digital converter for monitoring a load voltage, an analog-to-digital converter ntrolya load current, an analog-digital converter voltage control of the smoothing capacitor, the secondary winding comprises a number of turns, which is defined by the relation $$W=\frac{U{l}_{\mathrm{from}R}}{222Sk{I}_{\min }}$$

where U is the rms value of the output voltage of the primary converter in idle mode, l _cp is the middle line of the ring magnetic circuit, S is the cross section of the ring magnetic circuit, k is the derivative of the linear section of the main magnetization curve of the material of the ring magnetic circuit with dimension $$\frac{Tl\cdot m}{\mathrm{BUT}}$$

, I _min is the minimum value of the current strength in the phase conductor, the secondary winding and the non-polar capacitor form a series circuit connected to the input of the rectifier diode bridge, the gas discharger is connected in parallel to the terminals of the voltage, a voltage regulator is connected in parallel to the output terminals of the rectifier diode bridge, one of the output terminals of the rectifier the diode bridge is connected to the input of the current limiter, the output of which is connected to one end of the inputs of the charger, converter connected in parallel a voltage stabilizer and a smoothing capacitor, the second of the output terminals of the rectifier diode bridge is connected to the other ends of the inputs of the charging device connected in parallel, a voltage stabilizer converter and a smoothing capacitor, the output terminal of the positive potential of the charger is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, to which one is connected from the input terminals of the analog-to-digital converter for monitoring the battery voltage and positive output d the diode for automatically connecting the battery, another terminal of the analog-to-digital converter for monitoring the voltage of the battery is connected to a common point - the mass of the secondary power source, the negative terminal of the diode for automatically connecting the battery is connected to the positive terminal of the input of the charger, the negative terminal of the battery through a series-connected current a shunt for monitoring the battery current is connected to the mass of the secondary pit source parallel to the current shunt for monitoring the battery current, the input of the analog-to-digital converter for monitoring the battery current is connected, the terminals of the analog-to-digital converter for monitoring the voltage of the smoothing capacitor are connected in parallel to the terminals of the smoothing capacitor, the output terminal of the voltage-stabilizer converter with positive potential is connected to the first load terminal and to one of the input terminals of the analog-to-digital converter for monitoring the load voltage, the other of the terminals of which is connected to the mass of the secondary power source, the output terminal of the negative voltage converter-stabilizer is connected to the end of the current shunt to control the load current, the other end of which is connected to the second load terminal and to one of the input terminals of the analog-to-digital converter of the load current control , the other of the clamps of which is connected to the mass of the secondary power source.