RU2463640C1 - Optical complementary fuzzy set computer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: optical complementary fuzzy set computer, having a coherent radiation source, an optical Y splitter, a first optical n-output splitter, a linear transparency filter, an optical phase modulator, a second optical n-output splitter, a group of optical Y couplers, a square-root extractor, includes n photodetectors, (n-1) square-root extractors.

EFFECT: broader capabilities of the device, design of a device which performs a fuzzy set complementing operation while simultaneously simplifying the design and increasing computational efficiency of the device.

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Description

The invention relates to computer technology and can be used in optical information processing devices based on fuzzy logic.

Known optical computing device designed to perform the operation of fuzzification ("fuzzy") - optical fuzzifier described in [US Pat. RF 2432599, IPC G06E 3/00. Optical fuzzifier. / M.A. Alles, S.V. Sokolov, S.M. Kovalev. - No.2010140540 / 08; declared 10/04/2010; publ. 10/27/2011, Bull. No. 30]. This analogue contains a minimum signal selector, a radiation source, an optical n-output splitter, a first linear optical transparency, a second linear optical transparency, a resistor optocoupler, and a stable current generator.

The essential features of an analogue common with the claimed device are as follows: a radiation source, an optical transparency, an n-output splitter.

The disadvantage of the above analogue is the inability to perform the operation of complementing (negating) a fuzzy set.

Known optical computing device designed to perform the operation of combining (disjunction) of two fuzzy sets - optical disjunctor fuzzy sets described in [US Pat. RF 2422876, IPC G06E 3/00, IPC G06N 7/02. Optical Disjunctor of Fuzzy Sets. / M.A. Alles, S.M. Kovalev, S.V. Sokolov. - No. 2009144405/08; declared 11/30/2009; publ. 06/27/2011, Bull. No. 18.]. This analogue contains k minimum signal selectors, m groups of k photodetectors, m coherent radiation sources, m optical 2k output couplers, m groups of k optical amplitude modulators, m groups of k optical phase modulators, m groups of k optical Y combiners , k blocks of square root extraction, k blocks of subtraction.

The essential features of an analogue that are common with the claimed device are as follows: a group of photodetectors, a coherent radiation source, an optical splitter, an optical phase modulator, a group of optical Y-combiners, a group of square root blocks.

The disadvantage of the above analogue is the inability to perform the operation of complementing (negating) a fuzzy set.

Known optical computing device adopted for the prototype is an optical fuzzifier described in [US Pat. RF 2416119, IPC G06E 3/00. Optical fuzzifier. / V.M. Kureichik, V.V. Kureichik, M.A. Allee, S.M. Kovalev, S.V. Sokolov - No. 2009104635/28; declared 02/11/2009; publ. 04/10/2011, Bull. No. 10.]. The prototype is designed to perform the fuzzification operation (“fuzzing”) and contains the following essential features: a coherent radiation source, an optical Y splitter, a first optical n-output splitter, a first linear optical transparency, a second linear optical transparency, an optical phase modulator, a group of optical Y combiners, a second optical n-output splitter, a minimum signal selector, a square root extractor, a subtraction block.

The essential features of the prototype, common with the claimed device, are as follows: coherent radiation source, optical Y-splitter, first optical n-output splitter, linear optical transparency, optical phase modulator, second optical n-output splitter, group of optical Y-combiners, extraction unit square root, the output of the coherent radiation source is connected to the input of the optical Y-splitter, the first output of which is connected to the input of the first optical n-output splitter, and the second One optical Y-splitter is connected to the input of the optical phase modulator, the outputs of the first optical n-output splitter are connected to the corresponding inputs of the linear optical transparency, the outputs of the linear optical transparency are connected to the second inputs of the corresponding optical Y-combiners, and the output of the optical phase modulator is connected to the input of the second optical n-output splitter, the outputs of which are connected to the first inputs of the corresponding optical Y-combiners.

The disadvantage of the above prototype is the inability to complete the operation of addition (negation) of a fuzzy set.

The objective of the invention is the creation of an optical device that allows you to perform the operation of addition (negation) of a fuzzy set while simplifying the design and increasing computing performance up to 10 ⁵ -10 ⁶ operations per second.

The technical result is expressed in expanding the capabilities of the device - creating a device that performs the operation of addition (negation) of a fuzzy set while simplifying the design and increasing the computing performance of the device.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the optical calculator complements a fuzzy set containing a coherent radiation source, an optical Y splitter, a first optical n-output splitter, a linear optical transparency, an optical phase modulator, a second optical n-output splitter, a group of optical Y- combiners, square root extraction unit, the output of the coherent radiation source is connected to the input of the optical Y-splitter, the first output of which is connected to the input of the first optical n-th the bottom of the splitter, and the second output of the optical Y-splitter is connected to the input of the optical phase modulator, the outputs of the first optical n-output splitter are connected to the corresponding inputs of the linear optical transparency, the outputs of the linear optical transparency are connected to the second inputs of the corresponding optical Y-combiners, and the output of the optical phase the modulator is connected to the input of the second optical n-output splitter, the outputs of which are connected to the first inputs of the corresponding optical Y-coupler carriers, n photodetectors were introduced, (n-1) square root blocks, the outputs of the optical Y-combiners are connected to the inputs of the corresponding photodetectors, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the corresponding square root blocks, the outputs of the square root blocks are the output of the device.

An optical calculator for complementing a fuzzy set is a device designed to perform in real time the operation of complementing (or negating) a fuzzy set A and obtain the resulting set ¬A, the membership function of which is

where μ _A (x) is the membership function describing the fuzzy set A of elements defined on the base scale X ∈ x ₁ , x ₂ , ..., x _n , where n is the number of elements of A.

The functional diagram of the optical calculator complements the fuzzy set shown in figure 1.

The optical calculator of the fuzzy set complement (OVDNM) contains:

- 1 - source of coherent radiation (IKI) with an amplitude of 2n conditional units (units);

- 2 - optical Y-splitter;

- 3 - the first optical n-output splitter;

- 4 - linear optical transparency (LOT) with the transmission function proportional to the membership function µ _A (x) (each pixel of the linear optical transparency has a transmission function proportional to the value of the membership function µ _A (x) for a specific value x _i , i = 1, 2, ... n);

- 5 - optical phase modulator (OFM), providing a constant phase shift of the optical stream by π;

- 6 - the second optical n-output splitter;

- 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n -n optical Y-combiners;

- 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n -n photodetectors (FP);

- 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n- n square root blocks (BIC), each of which can be made, for example, in the form of a block described in [Bobrovnikov, L.Z. Electronics. Textbook for high schools. 5th ed. / L.Z. Bobrovnikov. - St. Petersburg: Publishing House "Peter", 2004. - 560 p. - p. 247, figure 3.44, d].

The output of IRI 1 is connected to the input of the optical Y-splitter 2, the first output 2 _{1 of} which is connected to the input of the first optical n-output splitter 3, and the second output 2 _{2 is} connected to the input of the OFM 5. Outputs 3 ₁ , 3 ₂ , ..., 3 _n the first optical n-output splitter 3 is connected to the corresponding inputs of LOT 4, the outputs of which are connected to the second inputs of the corresponding optical Y-combiners 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n . The output of OFM 5 is connected to the input of the second optical n-output splitter 6. The outputs 6 ₁ , 6 ₂ , ..., 6 _{n of the} second optical n-output splitter 6 are connected to the first inputs of the corresponding optical Y-combiners 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n The outputs of the optical Y-combiners 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _{n are} connected to the inputs of the corresponding phase transitions 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n . The outputs of the FP 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _{n are} connected to the inputs of the corresponding BIC 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n , the outputs of which are the output of the device.

The operation of the claimed device is as follows. From the output of IKI 1 optical coherent flow with an amplitude of 2 × n srvc. units arrives at the optical Y-splitter 2, and, branching into two, goes to the inputs of the first optical n-output splitter 3 and the optical phase modulator 5. From the outputs 3 ₁ , 3 ₂ , ..., 3 _{n of the} first optical n-output splitter 3 optical coherent flows of unit amplitude arrive at the inputs of LOT 4 with a transmission function proportional to the membership function µ _A (x), at the outputs of which a spatially distributed optical coherent flow with an amplitude proportional along the OX axis of the function µ _A (x) is formed. This optical coherent flow enters the second inputs of the optical Y-combiners 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n .

At the same time, an optical coherent flow with an amplitude of n conv. units arrives at the input of OFM 5, which shifts the phase of the wave of the incoming light flux by π. From the output of OFM 5, the optical flux arrives at the input of the second optical n-output splitter 6, from outputs 6 ₁ , 6 ₂ , ..., 6 _{n of} which the coherent light fluxes of unit amplitude and phase shifted by π go to the first inputs of optical Y-combiners 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n .

Therefore, at the first input of the ith optical Y-combiner 7 _i there is an optical coherent stream with an amplitude µ _A (x _i ), and at the second input there is an optical coherent stream with an amplitude of 1 conv. units with inverted phase (i = 1, 2, ... n).

Since the output of the i-th optical Y-combiner 7 _{i is} connected to the input of the i-th phase converter 8 _i , at the input of the last optical flux coming from the output of the i-th optical Y-combiner 7 _i , interfering, form an optical stream with intensity (1 -µ _A (x _i )) ² conv. units (i = 1,2, ..., n). Therefore, at the output of the ith FP 8 _i , a signal is generated in the form of an electric voltage with a value proportional to (1-μ _A (x _i )) ² (i = 1,2, ..., n).

Further, the totality of such electrical signals from the outputs of the FP 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n are supplied to the inputs of the corresponding BIC 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n , the operation of which is described in [Bobrovnikov L.Z. Electronics. Textbook for high schools. 5th ed. / L.Z. Bobrovnikov. - St. Petersburg: Publishing House "Peter", 2004. - 560 p. - p. 247, figure 3.44, d]. At the output of the ith BIC 9 _i , an electrical signal is generated in the form of a voltage whose value is proportional to (1-μ _A (x _i )) or μ _¬A (x _i ) for a specific value x _i (i = 1,2, ..., n). Therefore, at the outputs of all NIRs 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ... 9 _n- at the device output, a vector of electrical signals is generated with voltages distributed along the OX axis and proportional to the membership function µ _¬A (x) corresponding to the result of the addition (negation) of the fuzzy set defined by equality (1).

The speed of the optical calculator of the complement of the fuzzy set is determined by the dynamic characteristics of the photodetectors and square root extraction blocks. The speed of photodetectors made in the traditional version, based on photodiodes, is about 10 ^-9 s. The square root extraction unit and the subtraction unit, performed in the traditional embodiment based on feedback operational amplifiers, have a cutoff frequency of up to 1 MHz. For existing continuous-processing information processing systems, such a speed ensures their operation in almost real time.

Claims (1)

Fuzzy set complement optical calculator comprising a coherent radiation source, an optical Y splitter, a first optical n-output splitter, a linear optical transparency, an optical phase modulator, a second optical n-output splitter, a group of optical Y combiners, a square root extractor, an output the coherent radiation source is connected to the input of the optical Y-splitter, the first output of which is connected to the input of the first optical n-output splitter, and the second output is optical A Y-splitter is connected to the input of the optical phase modulator, the outputs of the first optical n-output splitter are connected to the corresponding inputs of the linear optical transparency, the outputs of the linear optical transparency are connected to the second inputs of the corresponding optical Y-combiners, and the output of the optical phase modulator is connected to the input of the second optical n-output splitter, the outputs of which are connected to the first inputs of the corresponding optical Y-combiners, characterized in that it is input There are n photodetectors, (n-1) square root extraction blocks, the outputs of the optical Y-combiners are connected to the inputs of the corresponding photodetectors, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the corresponding square root extraction blocks, the outputs of the square root extraction blocks are the output of the device.